•'•"    ':^0 


**.. 


FOUR  YEARS  IN  THE  SADDLE. 


History  of  the  First  Regiment  Ohio  Volunteer 

Cavalry. 


WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION-- 186 1-1 865. 


Compiled  by 

W.  Iv.  CURRY, 

ColurrfbVis,  O. 


CHAMPLIN  PRINTING  Co. 
COLUMBUS,  O. 


E  5-3,5 


. 

In  the  Offide  df  th5  I^br&rfarf  of  Congress, 
•      i   ;  v;^"W-»Jy*  Curry.    .      .     ..„ 


Badge  of   Cavalry  Corps, 
Army  of  the  Cumberland. 


TO  OUR  COMRADES   OF  THE  FIRST  OHIO   VOLUNTEER  CAV. 
ALRY,  WHO  SLEEP  ON  THE  BATTLEFIELDS  OF 
THE  REPUBLIC  THIS  FEEBLE  TRIBUTE 
IS  AFFECTIONATELY  DEDI 
CATED  BY  THE 
AUTHOR. 


MJ.26566 


August, 


Reveille. 


FORWARD. 


Contents. 


Official  List  of  Battles 13-14 

Organizing  our  Army  in  1861 15-19 

Organization  First  O.  V.  C 20-34 

From  Columbia  to  Pittsburg  Landing 34-40 

Battle  of  Pittsburg  Landing,  or  Shi]  oh 41-52 

From  Pittsburg  Landing  to  Corintb 53-59 

From  Corinth  to  Decherd,  Tenn 60-64 

Campaign  from  Northern  Alabama  1:0  Louisville,  Ky . .       65-70 

Perryville  Campaign  71-74 

Battle  of  Perryville 75-80 

Stone  Eiver  Campaign 81-86 

Battle  of  Stone  Kiver 87-96 

After  the  Battle  of  Stone  Kiver 97-102 

From  Murfreesboro  to  Chattanooga 103-114 

Chickamauga  Campaign 116-133 

Wheeler's  Raid  through  Tennessee 134-147 

Campaign  of  Missionary  Ridge  and  Knoxville.     By  L. 

F.  Knoderer 148-162 

Remounting  and  drilling  after  re-enlisting  as  veterans. .   163-168 

Atlanta  Campaign  168-173 

Kilpatrick's  Raid  around  Atlanta 174-208 

The  Nashville  Campaign 209-212 

Wilson's  Raid  through  Alabama  and  Georgia.    By  Cap 
tain  J.  A.  O.  Yeoman 212-232 

History  of  Companies  A  and  C 233-246 

The  capture  of  Jefferson  Davis.     By  Captain  J.  A.  O. 

Yeoman 247-269 

Charge  of  the  First  O.  V.  C.,  Battle  of  Stone  River. ...          269 

Cavalry  Raids  269-275 

Camp  Life.     By  Sergeant-Major  C.  M.  Riggs 275-279 

Captain  William  H.  Scott.     By  Captain  John  P.  R^a. . .   279-282 

At  Chickamauga.     By  Sergeant  John  W.  Chapin 282-289 

Extracts  from  the  Cavalier 289-291 

A  Perilous  Night  Ride  during  the  Advance  upon  Cor 
inth.     By  Sergeant-Major  J.  S.  Dollinger 291-293 


Contents.  tt 

Flags  of  Truce 293-296 

War  Reminiscences.    By  M.  T.  Van  Pelt 296-298 

The  Troopers'  Wreath.    Poem  by  T.  C.  Harbaugh 298-300 

Recollections  of  the  Battle  at  Stone's  River,  Tenn.     By 

John  S.  Dollinger 301-304 

Horses  and  Horse-racing 304-307 

Colored  men  in  the  Regiment 307-311 

Old  Shady  --  Song 309-310 

Well-known  characters  in  the  First  Ohio 311-319 

Sergeant   J.    W.    Johnson,    Company   C.  —  Death    and 

burial  in  South  Carolina 319 

Regimental  Reunions 319-320 

The  Army  Mule 321-326 

The  Cavalier  326 

"Turchins  got  your  Mule."     Song 327 

An  Incident  of  the  Tullahorna  Campaign 327-332 

A  visit  to  Chickamauga  Thirty  Years  after  the  Battle.  . .  332-338 

Prisoners  of  War 338-341 

Captured.     By  Sergeant  George  W.  Speelman 341-346 

Taken  prisoner  at  Courtland,  Ala 346-357 

Reminiscences  of  the  Battle  of  Chickamauga 357-359 

Field  Service  in  the  Hospitals  in  Camp  and  on  the  Bat 
tlefield.    By  Surgeon  Rudolph  Wirth 359-370 

The  Courier  Line 370-371 

Marches 395 

Total  number  of  Enlistments 396-397 

Losses   397-400 

Taps 402 

Roster  of  the  Regiment 403 

Biographies. 

Colonel  Minor  Millikin 372 

Brigadier-General  B.  B.  Eggleston 374 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Valentine  Cupp 375 

Brigadier-General  T.  C.  H.  Smith 376 

Lieutenant-Colonel  T.  J.  Pattin 376 

Major  D.  A.  B.  Moore 377 

Major  J.  C.  Frankeberger 378 

Major  Martin  Buck 379 

Major  J.  N.  Scott 379 

Captain  Lafayette  Pickering 380 

Captain  H.  H.  Siverd 381 

Lieutenant  Frank  P.  Allen 381 

Lieutenant  A.  D.  Lieb 382 

Lieutenant  Harvey  Ferguson 383 

Lieutenant  Charles  Goodrich 383 

Lieutenant  John  M.  Rennick .  384 


Hi  Contents. 

General  Eli  Long 384 

General  David  S.  Stanley 387 

General  J.  H.  Wilson 388 

General  George  Crook 389 

General  Emory  Upton 390 

General  A.  J.  Alexander .. .  390 

Major  J.  H.  Robinson 391 

General  Judson  Kilpatriek 392 

Illustrations. 

Charge  of  the  First  O.  V.  C.  at  the  Battle  of  Stone's 

River.  —  Frontispiece. 

Badge  of  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland 4 

Forward   5 

Reveille 5 

Guidon,  Company  H 74 

Movements  in  McLeniore's  Cove 103 

Monument  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  at  Chickamauga .  . .  114 

Crawfish  Spring  —  The  Old  Wheel 119 

The  National  Park  and  its  Approaches 123 

Front  of  the  Snodgrass  House 127 

Map  of  W'heeler's  Raid 135 

Bloody  Pond  —  Widow  Glenn's,  looking  east 147 

Kelly  Field,  looking  north,  where  Breckinridge  gained 

the  Union  rear 162 

First  O.  V.  C.  watering  in  Chattanooga  Valley,  Tenn .  . .  175 

Map  of  Kilpatrick's  Raid  around  Atlanta 187 

Piece  of  the  Gun  of  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery, 

which  exploded  at  Lovejoy,  Ga.,  August  20,  1864. . .  193 

The  Courier  Line 370 

Going  to  the  Front 402 

Portraits. 

Colonel  B.  B.  Eggleston 14 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Valentine  Cupp 14 

General  T.  C.  H.  Smith 

Major  D.  A.  B.  Moore 

Colonel  Minor  Millikin 14 

Colonel  T.  J.  Pattin 

Major  Martin  Buck 

Major  James  N.  Scott 

Major  J.  C.  Franke  berger 

Captain  Lafayette  Pickering 

Captain  George  F.  Conn 

Major  John  H.  Robinson 

Lieutenant  A.  D.  Lieb . .  


Contents.  i*v 

Captain  H.  II.  Siverd 34 

Lieutenant  Harvey  Ferguson 34 

Lieutenant  Frank  P.  Allen 34 

Lieutenant  Charles  H.  Goodrich 34 

Sergeant  L.  F.  Knoderer 40 

Lieutenant  Robert  Johns 40 

Sergeant  Daniel  W.  B.  Evans 40 

Sergeant  J.  W.  Chapin 40 

Sergeant-Major  J.  S.  Dollinger 40 

Sergeant-Major  Carter  M.  Riggs 40 

Corporal  A.  A.  Hill 40 

W.  L.  Hoy 40 

Lieutenant  Samuel  Putnam 40 

C.  A.  Webber 52 

Corporal  Samuel  Robertson 52 

Quartermaster-Sergeant  R.  H.  Barton 52 

Tazwell  Hizey 52 

Corporal  M.  B.  Kennedy 52 

Corporal  R  R.  Egolph 52 

Sergeant  T.  V.  Harper 52 

D.  M.  Robbins 52 

Corporal  William  Schwartz 52 

Captain  J.  W.  Kirkendall 64 

Captain  J.  A.  O.  Yeoman 64 

Captain  W.  L.  Curry 64 

Captain  Leonard  Irwin 64 

Surgeon  Rudolph  Wirth 64 

Captain  J.  P.  Rea 64 

Captain  James  Cutler 64 

Adjutant  M.  H.  Neil 64 

Lieutenant  Robert  K.  Reese 64 

Major-General  Emory  Upton 74 

Major-General  Kennar  Garrard 74 

Captain  Samuel  Hamilton 74 

Major-General  D.  S.  Stanley 80 

Major-General  Eli  Long 96 

Major-General  William  S.  Rosecrans 102 

Major-General  George  H.  Thomas 102 

General  Braxton  Bragg,  C.  S.  A 102 

General  James  Longstreet,  C.  S.  A 102 

Major-General  George  Crook 116 

Major-General  Judson  Kilpatrick 175 

Lieutenant-General  N.  B.  Forrest,  C.  S.  A 193 

Lieutenant-General  Joseph  Wheeler,  C.  S.  A 193 

Major-General  James  H.  Wilson 208 

Brigadier-General  A.  J.  Alexander 223 

Captain  Wm.  H.  Scott 279 

Captain  S.  W.  Fordyce 279 


Preface. 


For  a  number  of  years  short  sketches  of  some  of  the  cam 
paigns  of  the  regiment,  written  by  comrades,  have  been  read  at 
our  reunions  and  afterwards  were  published  in  the  proceedings. 

As  these  articles  proved  interesting  to  the  survivors,  the 
matter  of  writing  a  history  of  the  campaigns  of  the  regiment 
was  suggested  and  discussed  at  the  reunions  and  W.  L.  Curry, 
who  had  been  elected  historian  for  several  years,  was  urged  to 
begin  the  work  at  once.  At  the  reunion  held  at  Galloway,  Ohio, 
September  15,  1892,  the  plan  was  outlined  and  J.  W.  Chapin 
was  appointed  to  assist  in  compiling  the  history,  and  other  com 
rades  volunteered  their  services  to  give  all  the  aid  possible  in 
the  good  work.  A  large  amount  of  material  had  already  been 
accumulated  and  a  systematic  effort  was  then  made  to  correct 
the  roster  by  writing  letters  to  comrades  of  every  company  and 
by  sending  copies  of  the  company  roster  to  them  for  examination, 
and  many  corrections  in  names  and  dates  were  made  by  them. 

The  diary  kept  by  W.  L.  Curry  during  his  services  has  been 
depended  on  very  largely  for  data,  as  the  distance  of  our  daily 
marches  with  names  of  towns  and  rivers  were  noted,  as  well 
as  dates  of  battles  and  skirmishes  and  many  incidents  of  historic 
interest. 

Neither  time  nor  pains  have  been  spared  to  get  information 
on  all  points  of  interest;  many  months  have  been  devoted  to 
the  preparation  of  the  manuscript.  After  careful  corrections 
the  manuscript  was  all  typewritten  before  it  was  placed  in  the 
hands  of  the  publisher. 

More  than  one  hundred  volumes  of  the  "Records  of  the 
Rebellion"  published  by  the  War  Department  have  been  care 
fully  examined,  and  all  orders,  reports  of  officers  of  the  regiment, 
brigade  and  division  have  been  copied,  and  many  of  them  are 
published  in  the  history.  From  this  mass  of  material  the  story 
has  been  written  without  any  attempt  to  embellish  the  history 
with  high  flown  language  or  graphic  and  romantic  descriptions 
that  in  so  many  histories  have  a  tinge  of  fiction,  —  it  is  only 
the  plain  story  of  the  regiment 


Preface.  it 

Official  reports  and  statistics  may  seem  a  little  dry  in  some 
instances,  but  it  is  the  history  of  our  campaigns  recorded  on 
the  field,  and  cannot  be  refuted;  and  the  fact  that  our  history 
is  fortified  by  these  reports  made  at  the  time,  is  what  adds  to 
its  value. 

From  the  time  the  regiment  entered  Kentucky  in  the  fall 
of  1861  until  the  battle  of  Perry ville,  October  8,  1862,  we  were 
not  brigaded  as  cavalry,  but  were  attached  to  brigades  or  divi 
sions  of  infantry,  temporarily.  After  that  date  the  cavalry  was 
organized  into  brigades  and  divisions  and  acted  independent  of 
the  infantry,  and  for  the  last  three  years  of  the  war  the  history 
of  the  regiment  must  necessarily  be  blended  with  that  of  the 
brigade  and  division.  We  are  greatly  indebted  to  many  of  the 
comrades,  who  responded  to  every  call,  for  intelligent  assistance 
in  all  parts  of  the  work,  and  in  the  chapter  of  "Incidents  and 
Keminiscences"  they  are  given  full  credit  for  their  contributions. 

The  roster  of  the  regiment,  published  in  the  back  part  of 
the  book,  was  purchased  from  the  firm  that  published  the  cavalry 
roster  of  the  state  for  the  Adjutant-General's  Department.  In 
this  roster  many  errors  in  spelling  names,  also  in  dates  and  cas 
ualties,  appear.  Many  of  these  mistakes  have  been  corrected, 
and  are  published  on  a  separate  page;  but  no  doubt  errors  have 
crept  in,  notwithstanding  every  effort  has  been  made  to  make 
the  roster  correct  During  the  month  of  March,  1898,  alone, 
nearly  one  hundred  letters  were  written  to  members  of  the  regi 
ment  to  correct  dates  of  enlistment,  discharge,  etc.  We  have 
studiously  avoided  indulging  in  fulsome  praise  of  any  officer 
or  soldier  now  living,  and  have  only  tried  to  give  credit  where 
credit  was  due;  but  to  those  who  died  on  the  field  too  much 
praise  cannot  be  given.  In  addition  to  the  story  of  the  regi 
ment,  the  history  has  been  somewhat  widened  by  short  histories 
of  battles  in  which  the  regiment  participated,  with  losses  in  the 
two  armies,  which  cannot  fail  to  be  of  absorbing  interest  to 
every  reader.  Biographies  of  deceased  officers,  published  in  the 
history,  were  furnished  by  their  families,  and  all  cuts  for  por 
traits  were  paid  for  by  the  families  of  these  officers,  and  cuts  for 
portraits  of  surviving  soldiers  were  paid  for  by  the  soldiers  them 
selves.  All  other  cuts,  maps  and  illustrations  were  furnished 
and  paid  for  bv  the  author.  We  are  under  obligations  to  the 
following  gentlemen  for  the  use  of  cuts  kindly  loaned:  General 
H.  V.  Boynton,  for  several  cuts  made  for  his  book,  "The  Chick- 
amauga  "National  Military  Park,"  and  also  for  uivin^  us  per 
mission  to  copy  from  his  book  the  strenio^h  and  losses  of  the 
Union  and  Confederate  armies  at  the  battle  of  Chickamau^a; 
Colonel  N.  D.  Preston,  of  the  Tenth  N.  Y.  Volunteer  Cavalrv, 
for  cut  of  Cavalrvman,  "Going  to  the  Front"  and  "Forward"; 
and  to  Captain  C.  T.  Clark,  of  Columbus,  and  Major  J.  C.  McElroy 
for  the  use  of  cuts. 


tit  Preface. 

And  now,  when  the  story  of  the  regiment  is  completed,  writ 
ten  as  it  was  in  the  intervals  of  pressing  business  and  official 
duties,  the  pen  is  laid  aside,  regretting  that  the  history  could 
not  have  been  written  by  some  other  member  of  the  regiment 
better  qualified  to  wield  the  pen,  and  who  could  have  devoted 
more  time  to  the  work.  If  the  brief  history  of  the  services  of 
the  regiment  meets  with  the  approval  of  the  boys  with  whom 
we  have  "marched  many  a  weary  day  and  watched  many  a  frosty 
night,"  the  author  will  feel  amply  repaid  for  the  time  devoted 
to  preparing  the  manuscript  for  publication. 

W.    L.    CUKRY, 
J.    W.    OHAPIN, 

Committee. 


First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry. 


The  first  notice  of  the  organization  of  the  First  Ohio  Cav 
alry,  is  found  in  a  report  of  the  Adjutant-General  of  Ohio  for 
1861. 

In  his  report  for  that  year  the  Adjutant-General  states  that, 
"on  July  21,  1861,  after  earnest  solicitation,  authority  was  re 
ceived  from  Washington  for  raising  eight  companies,  or  a  regi 
ment  of  cavalry,  directly  for  the  service  of  the  Federal  Govern 
ment.  It  was  determined  that  this  regiment  should  be  one 
of  maximum  size,  to  consist  of  twelve  companies.  This  was 
raised  without  difficulty,  and  rendezvoused  at  Camp  Chase,  in 
July,  August  and  September/7 


OFFICIAL  LIST  OF  BATTLES. 

Liberty,  Ky.,  Co.  B November,  1861 

Siege  of  Corinth April  and  May,  1862 

Farmington,  Miss May  28,  1862 

Booneville,  Miss   May  30,  1862 

Blackland,  Miss June  4,  1862 

Eussellville,  Ala July  1,  1862 

Courtland,  Ala   July  25,  1862 

Bardstown,  Ky October  4,  1862 

Perryville,  Ky October  8,  1862 

Franklin,  Tenn December  12,  1862 

Nolensville,  Tenn  December  26,  1862 

Stone's  Eiver,  Tenn ....  December  31, 1862;  January  1,  2,  3,  1863 

Tullahoma,  Tenn July  1,  1863 

Elk  Eiver,  Tenn July  2,  1863 

Alpine,  Ga September  11,  1863 

Chickamauga,  Ga September  19  and  20,  1863 

Wheeler's  Eaid  through  Tennessee October  1  to  9,  1863 

Cotton  Port,  Tenn ..." September  30,  1863 


—14— 

McMinhviiie,  ^enn October  4,  1863 

Murfreesboro,  Teiin October  5,  1863 

Shelby ville,  Tenu October  7,  1863 

Fariniiigton,  Tenn   October  7,  1863 

Sugar  Creek,  Tenn October  9,  1863 

Paint  Rock,  Ala October  30,  1863 

Missionary  Ridge,  Tenn November  25,  1863 

Cleveland,  Tenn November  27,  1863 

Charleston  and  Calhoun,  Tenn December  28,  1863 

Tunnel  Hill,  Ga February  25,  1864 

Buzzard  Roost,  Ga February  27,  1864 

Decatur,  Ala   May  26,  1864 

Moulton,  Ala May  29,  1864 

McAfees  Cross  Roads,  Ga June  12,  1864 

Noon  Day  Creek,  Ga June  15,  1864 

Kenesaw  Mountain,  Ga June  21,  1864 

Chattahoochie  River July  12,  1864 

Peach  Tree  Creek,  Ga July  l<j  and  20,  1864 

Atlanta,  Ga July  and  August,  1864 

Kilpatrick's  Raid  around  Atlanta .  .  August  18, 19,  20,  21,  22,  1864 

Fairburn,  Ga  August  19,  1864 

Jonesboro,  Ga   August  19,  1864 

Lovejoy  Station,  Ga August  20,  1864 

K»'"e,  Ga   October  13,  1864 

Snake  Creek  Gap October  15,  1864 

Little  River,  Ga October  20,  1864 

<  \)osa  River,  Ga October  25,  1864 

THE  WILSON  RAID  THROUGH  ALABAMA  AND  GEORGIA. 
March  and  April,  1865. 

Montevallo,  Ala    March  20,  1865 

:benezer  Church,  Ala Appil     l    1865 

Selin_a>  Ala April     2,  1865 

Montgomery,  Ala   April  12    1865 

Columbus  Ga A     u  1(]    1865 

AVest  Point,  Ga A     n  10    lgG5 

Surrender  -  -  Mat-on,  Ga April  20,  1865 

Irwmsville,  Ga.  —Capture  of  Jeff  Davis May  10,  1865 

Every  battle  in  the  above  table  is  published  in  the  official 

list  of  battles  by  the  War  Department  excepting  Cotton  Port, 

enn    October  1,  18(53,  and  Farmington,  Tenn,  October  7,  1863. 

tight  at  Cotton  Port  was  the  day  Wheeler  crossed  the  Ten- 


Our  Heroic  Dead. 


Col.  15.  H.  Kggleston. 


I^ien't.  Col.  Valentine  Cupp.  C.en'l.  T.  C.  II.  Smith. 


Maj.  I).  A.  B.  Mooie. 


Col.  T.  J.  Pattin. 


Col.  Minor  Millikin. 


Maj.  Martin  Buck. 


Maj.  James  X.  Scott. 


Maj   J.  C   Frankeb^rger. 


Organizing  Our  Army  in 


It  was  no  ordinary  task  to  organize  an  army,  either  north 
or  south,  from  raw  citizens  that  had  absolutely  no  knowledge 
of  military  affairs  at  the  beginning  of  the  war  in  1861. 

The  war  came  like  a  thunder  clap  in  the  North  and  the 
Union  army  at  the  beginning  was  but  a  crowd  of  brave  and  pa 
triotic  citizens.  The  officers  and  men  all  stood  on  a  common 
level  so  far  as  knowledge  of  military  affairs  went,  for  not  one 
in  a  hundred  knew  the  difference  between  a  Corporal  and  a 
Brigadier-General  and  hardly  knew  a  right  face  from  a  left  face. 

One  instance  is  recalled  of  an  Ohio  regiment  that  had  a 
noted  lawyer  for  their  first  Colonel,  and  the  members  of  the 
regiment  and  their  friends  predicted  a  brilliant  military  career 
for  this  promising  officer.  But  he  proved  to  be  a  dismal  failure, 
as  he  was  too  lazy  to  drill  or  even  study  the  tactics.  In  time 
the  regiment  took  the  field  and  was  soon  in  front  of  the  enemy. 
This  Colonel  was  ordered  to  take  a  certain  position  on  the  line. 
He  marched  his  regiment  out  in  columns  of  fours,  and  was 
ordered  to  "feel  the  enemy  carefully/'  which  he  proceeded  to  do 
in  the  most  approved  military  style  —  in  favor  of  the  enemy, 
as  it  was  soon  demonstrated.  As  the  regiment  neared  the  battle 
line,  they  passed  an  old  veteran  regiment,  supporting  a  battery, 
and  this  veteran  regiment  was  hugging  the  ground  closely,  ex 
pecting  an  attack  every  moment.  Some  of  the  members  of  the 
new  regiment  sung  out,  "Where  are  the  rebels?  Just  show 
them  to  us!'7  And  the  response  from  the  veterans,  hugging  the 
ground  still  more  closely,  was:  "You  will  find  them  on  the  other 
side  of  that  cornfield."  And  into  the  cornfield  the  brave,  but 
new  recruits  marched,  and  as  one  of  the  boys  afterwards  stated, 
they  went  in  "slaunch  ways."  In  a  few  moments  the  rebel  line 
raised  up  and  gave  them  one  enfilading  volley,  and  the  regiment 
was  soon  in  full  retreat,  for  no  veterans  could  have  stood  such 
a  withering  fire  in  an  open  field.  As  they  passed  back  through 
the  lines  of  the  veterans  still  hugging  the  ground,  some  of  the 


—16— 

boys  could  not  refrain  from  asking  them  if  "they  found  the 
rebels." 

This  is  referred  to  as  one  instance  of  scores  in  which  some 
of  our  best  regiments  were  in  the  beginning  commanded  by 
incompetent  officers  who  were  appointed  by  political  influence. 
The  regiment  referred  to  proved  to  be  one  of  the  fighting  regi 
ments  and  had  a  long  and  honorable  record  in  the  field. 

The  first  year's  service  tested  the  qualities  of  the  rank  and 
file.  A  few  months'  exposure  and  hardship  sent  the  physically 
incapable  to  hospital  to  die  or  be  discharged  for  disability,  while 
in  that  time  those  who  had  the  physique  but  not  the  spirit  of 
soldiers  found  means  to  be  detached  from  their  commands  and, 
though  still  carried  on  the  muster  rolls,  to  be  detailed  as  clerks 
in  bureaus  or  headquarters,  hospital  nurses,  or  in  some  other 
non-combatant  capacity.  Those  soldiers,  Avho  after  a  year's  ser 
vice,  were  still  in  the  field  with  their  commands  were  really 
the  "army"  that  fought  the  war.  They  were  physically,  at  least, 
the  flower  of  the  American  people. 

During  the  months  of  May,  June  and  July,  1801,  the  appear 
ance  of  the  camps  of  instruction  would  look  grotesque  to  the 
militia  of  to-day  where  thousands  of  soldiers  were  encamped 
without  arms  or  uniforms.  Think  of  a  regiment  maneuvering 
almost  like  clock-work  and  yet  no  two  men  dressed  alike;  for 
many  regiments  were  well  drilled  in  company  and  battalion 
drill  before  arms  and  clothing  were  issued.  It  was  common 
to  see  a  sentinel  walking  his  beat  with  a  stick  at  a  "support," 
and  the  officer  of  the  guard  in  making  his  rounds  would  return 
the  salute  of  the  sentinel  with  a  flourish  of  his  wooden  sword. 
Though  not  soldiers,  they  were  actually  "playing  soldier,"  and 
played  it  seriously.  This  was  the  situation  hi  1801,  and  out  of 
this  rustic  mob  in  a  few  months  was  moulded  an  army  of  boys 
as  brave  as  the  old  Guard  that  followed  the  eagles  of  Napoleon. 


The  regiments  that  were  so  fortunate  as 'to  get  a  regular 
officer  for  a  Colonel  were  usually  well  organized,  and  that  was 
the  case  iu  the  First  Ohio.  We  had  a  great  contempt  for  nnr 


.,     ,  -  ''-*  «-,«mi./JV    Vi.    <l_Lt    WliiV  Ci  Q 

schoo  1  nii.1  looked  after  the  smallest  details  of  clothing  rations 

.(1  all  things  that  pertained  to  the  comfort  of  hi*  men,  svste- 

mntically  examined  for  himself  all  clothing  equipments  "and 

00,1  before  allow,,,,-  them  to  be  issued,  and  whatever  was  poor 

;•  or  short  in  quantity,  he  rejected   with   Wod  round 

oaths  and  w.lh  a  savage  threat  ,,f  arrest  to  the.  quartermaster 

or  cnmnussarv     It  was  amusing  to  observe  that  the  company 

icers  soon  adopted  Ins  careful  system  of  looking  out  for  his 

men  s  n,uh(s  and  even  imitated  his  oaths. 


—17— 

When  we  were  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  in  the  fall  of  1861,  I 
remember  of  being  down  at  the  Quartermaster's  tent  when  we 
had  just  received  an  invoice  of  blankets,  and  was  opening  up 
the  boxes,  and  it  proved  that  the  blankets  were  of  all  kinds  and 
colors,  some  red,  some  gray,  and  others  striped.  Just  then  the 
Colonel,  an  officer  of  the  regular  army,  as  before  mentioned, 
stepped  in,  and,  taking  a  survey  of  the  situation,  commenced 
swearing,  and  in  a  moment  the  blankets  and  air  were  all  of 
the  same  color  —  "blue."  Said  he,  "Box  them  up,  send  them 

back,  for  I'll  be  d d  if  I  propose  to  have  my  regiment  decked 

out  in  blankets  with  as  many  different  colors  as  *  Joseph's  Coat.' ' 

It  struck  me,  a  raw,  verdant  country  boy,  as  being  extremely 
funny  and  ridiculous,  and  I  never  forgot  it.  I  presume  the  blank 
ets  were  sent  back.  The  writer  was  orderly  sergeant  at  that 
time,  and  when  the  orderly's  call  would  sound  in  the  morning, 
I  remember  we  always  went  up  to  headquarters  with  our  morn 
ing  reports  with  "fear  and  trembling,"  for  if  there  was  anything 
in  the  least  degree  wrong,  he  would  always  send  us  back  to 
our  quarters  to  correct  it,  and  some  of  us  can  testify  to-day  that 
we  wrere  sent  back  at  least  three  times  in  one  morning.  He 
never  reprimanded  the  Sergeants,  but  would  say:  "Tell  your 
Captain  so  and  so";  and  it  was  not  an  unusual  thing  for  the 
Captain  to  be  summoned  into  his  presence,  where  he  usually 
got  a  scoring. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  war  the  Cavalry  arm  of  the  service 
had  no  separate  organization  as  an  army.  Yet  raw  and  undis 
ciplined  as  they  were,  they  were  of  the  same  blood  and  had  the 
same  soldierly  qualities  of  dash,  vim  and  independence  of  all 
other  arms  of  the  service,  and  never  failed  to  respond  to  any 
and  every  duty  they  were  called  upon  to  perform. 

The  tramp  of  their  triumphant  steeds  shook  the  ground 
all  along  the  line,  and  their  bugle  calls  rang  out  alike  from 
every  valley  and  mountain  that  marked  the  great  battles  of 
the  war. 

Under  the  military  regime  of  the  old  army  during  the  in 
terval  between  the  war  with  Mexico  and  the  breaking  out  of 
the  war  of  the  Kebellion,  the  esprit  de  corps  of  the  Cavalry 
arm  of  the  servie  had  been  sadly  neglected. 

In  the  campaigns  of  the  Eevolution,  the  war  of  1.812,  and 
more  especially,  the  war  with  Mexico,  which  consisted  very 
largely  in  the  besieging  of  fortifications,  and  the  country  be 
ing  so  unfavorable  to  successful  cavalry  operations,  hence  the 
importance  of  a  well  mounted  and  well  equipped  cavalry  force 
was  not  fully  realized  by  General  Scott  and  his  lieutenants. 

We  had  very  few  regiments  of  cavalry  at  the  beginning 
of  the  war,  and  they  were  broken  up  in  squadrons  and  companies, 
and  were  scattered  along  our  western  frontier  fighting  Indians, 
patrolling  and  doing  courier  duty  between  the  outposts.  But 


—18— 

in  the  first  battles  of  the  war  the  importance  of  raising  and 
equipping  a  strong  cavalry  force,  and  placing  them  under  com 
mand  of  dashing  young  leaders,  was  fully  demonstrated  to  the 
officers  of  the  old  army. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  war,  our  cavalry  was  badly  handled 
by  the  officers  in  command.  While  the  volunteer  officers  knew 
nothing  more  of  the  service  than  the  rank  and  file  of  their  com 
mands,  it  seemed  that  the  officers  assigned  to  duty  in  the  cavalry 
service  from  the  regular  army  did  not  understand  that  cavalry 
to  be  effective  must  be  kept  on  the  move,  and  should  never  receive 
an  attack  from  the  enemy  at  a  halt.  Not  until  the  battle  of 
Stone's  River  was  the  effectiveness  of  the  cavalry  demonstrated 
in  the  army  of  the  Cumberland,  when  the  First  Ohio,  led  by  their 
intrepid  young  commander,  Colonel  Minor  Millikin,  made  their 
first  saber  charge,  holding  at  bay  a  large  force  of  the  left  wing 
of  the  rebel  army  by  their  bold  charge. 

As  will  be  remembered  by  all  members  of  the  regiment, 
in  the  early  part  of  our  service  it  was  usual  to  halt  to  receive 
the  attack  of  the  enemy,  and  attempt  to  fire  from  our  horses, 
instead  of  dismounting  to  fight  on  foot,  or  drawing  saber  and 
charging  him;  all  of  which  we  learned  before  the  close  of  the 
war.  During  the  siege  of  Corinth,  in  18G2,  the  regiment  did 
picket  duty  in  front  of  the  infantry  lines  during  the  greater 
part  of  that  siege  of  two  months;  and  it  was  no  unusual  occur 
rence  to  have  from  a  half  dozen  to  a  dozen  alarms  during  each 
night,  and  at  each  alarm  the  reserve  was  mounted  with  "advance 
carbine"  ready  to  receive  the  attack. 

During  the  last  days  of  the  siege  we  were  in  such  close 
proximity  to  the  main  entrenched  lines  of  the  enemy  that  our 
pickets,  put  on  duty  at  dark,  were  required  to  keep  their  posts 
until  day-break  without  being  relieved,  as  it  was  not  possible 
to  change  the  guard  on  the  outposts  without  drawing  the  fire 
of  the  enemy.  Had  we  been  required  to  do  this  kind  of  duty 
during  the  late  years  of  the  war,  the  picket  would  have  been 
dismounted,  thus  saving  the  horses,  and  giving  the  picket  guard 
a  much  better  opportunity  of  watching  the  movements  of  the 
enemy,  and  also  keeping  himself  concealed  and  not  drawing 
the  fire  of  the  enemy  by  the  champing  of  bits  and  neighing  of 
horses.  These  are  mentioned  as  a  few  of  the  abuses  of  the  cav 
alry  service  before  even  our  best  Generals  had  learned  the  art 
of  war. 

Nor  were  our  officers  of  high  rank  entitled  to  all  the  credit 
for  the  efficiency  of  our  arm  of  the  service,  but  the  credit  belongs 
largely  to  the  rank  and  file,  to  the  non-commissioned  and  line 

i-s,  who  did  the  hard  service,  and  was  each  one  a  General 
unto  himself,  and  daily  made  suggestions  to  his  superiors  who 
profiting  by  them,  took  all  the  honor  to  themselves. 

The  life  of  a  cavalryman  in  time  of  war  is  one  of  constant 


—19— 

activity  —  hard  and  dangerous  service.  During  the  winter 
season,  when  the  main  army  is  snugly  ensconced  in  winter  quar 
ters,  the  cavalry  are  the  most  active  and  have  the  hardest  service 
to  perform,  as  they  are  kept  constantly  patroling  and  scouting. 
It  was  a  very  usual  occurrence,  as  is  well  remembered  by  every 
trooper  of  the  regiment,  that  just 'as  we  would  get  comfortably 
tucked  in  our  dog  tents,  after  "taps,"  on  a  stormy  winter's  night, 
to  hear  the  bugle  ring  out  from  headquarters,  sounding  "Boots 
and  saddles!"  and  in  fifteen  minutes  a  company,  squadron,  or 
perhaps  a  regiment,  would  be  in  the  saddle,  booted  and  spurred 
ready  for  duty.  And  the  order  be  to  make  a  reconnaissance 
twenty  miles  to  the  right  or  left  flank  of  the  army  to  watch 
some  reported  movement  of  the  enemy,  and  off  we  dashed 
through  darkness,  rain  and  mud,  to  find  our  way  the  best  we 
could,  along  the  miry  and  unfrequented  roads,  not  knowing 
at  what  moment  we  would  run  into  an  ambuscade  of  the  enemy 
of  thrice  our  own  number,  reaching  our  destination  perhaps  at 
daybreak  to  find  that  it  was  a  "contraband  report."  The  cav 
alry  outpost  duty  w^as  a  hard  and  dangerous  service  and  they 
were  required  to  furnish  the  advance  sentinels,  when  not  con 
fronted  by  entrenched  lines.  As  grand  guards  are  chiefly  to 
watch  the  enemy  in  the  front,  they  are  never  entrenched,  except 
by  barricades  hastily  thrown  up,  to  repel  the  attack  of  cavalry; 
and  it  is  not  only  the  duty  of  the  grand  guard  to  watch  the 
movements  of  the  enemy,  but  to  reconnoitre  his  position,  and 
to  determine  the  force  and  position  of  the  advance  posts.  Small 
posts  of  picked  men  are  sent  forward  to  ascertain  if  the  enemy 
is  advancing,  and  we  all  remember  well  what  a  perilous  duty 
this  was.  Marching  always  in  silence  and  on  the  approach  of 
the  enemy  to  fire  and  fall  back  on  the  reserve,  by  routes  selected 
during  the  day.  In  the  day  time  the  cavalry  videttes  are  placed 
on  high  grounds  and  as  much  under  cover  as  possible,  and  always 
required  to  carry  the  carbine  in  the  hand;  but,  day  or  night, 
the  sentinel  must  be  sure  of  the  presence  of  the  enemy  before 
firing,  and  then  he  must  fire,  even  if  surrounded,  as  the  safety 
of  thousands  may  depend  upon  one  man.  Reconnoitering  parties 
were  sent  out  day  and  night,  and  just  before  day-break  the 
advance  guards  and  scouts  were  drawn  close  together,  as  this 
was  the  hour  of  danger,  when  an  attack  was  anticipated. 

All  these  movements  of  the  cavalry  arm  of  the  service  re 
quired  vigilance,  secrecy,  energy,  promptness  and  dash;  and 
whether  the  command  was  composed  of  a  Brigade,  Regiment, 
Squadron,  Company  or  Platoon,  the  commander  must  not  halt 
or  hesitate,  but  act  immediately  and  supply  by  strategy  what 
he  lacks  in  numbers.  During  the  second,  third  and  fourth  years 
of  the  war,  cavalry  officers  were  largely  composed  of  young  men 
who  at  the  beginning  of  the  war  were  privates  or  non-commis 
sioned  officers.  The  older  men  could  not,  but  with  rare  excep- 


tioiis,  endure  the  hard  picket  duty,  routes  and  raids  of  fifty 
or  sixty  miles  a  day,  which  was  of  usual  occurrence.  Some 
of  the  most  dangerous  expeditions  were  under  command  of  Cor 
porals  and  Sergeants,  penetrating  the  enemy's  lines,  capturing 
outposts  and  couriers  with  dispatches  that  were  of  vital  import 
ance  to  our  army.  Many  instances  of  bravery  and  heroism  in 
the  rank  and  file  could  be  related  that  would  do  honor  to  a 
Kilpatrick  or  a  Custer,  and  instances  of  individual  adventure 
and  heroic  deeds  in  the  cavalry  service  could  be  multiplied  by 
the  score  that  would  be  of  intense  interest  to  every  reader  of 
this  history. 

The  First  Ohio  Cavalry  was  organized  under  the  first  call 
for  the  three  years's  service  in  1861,  and  as  the  companies  wrere 
recruited  they  rendezvoused  at  Camp  Chase,  near  Columbus, 
Ohio,  and  were  mustered  in  as  a  regiment  on  the  fifth  day  of 
October,  1861.  The  first  commission  issued  was  to  Captain  J. 
II.  Robinson,  of  Company  "A,"  and  was  dated  August  16,  1861. 
Company  A  was  recruited  in  Fayette  county;  Company  B  in 
Guernsey  and  Muskinguni  counties;  Company  C  in  Fayette, 
Pickaway,  Hamilton  and  Highland  counties;  Company  D  in 
Licking  and  Union  counties;  Company  E  in  Pickaway  county; 
Company  F  in  Franklin,  Fairfield  and  Licking  counties;  Com 
pany  G  in  Clermont,  Warren  and  Hamilton  counties;  Company 
II  in  Highland  county;  Company  I  in  Miami  county;  Company 
K  in  Union,  Madison  and  Franklin  counties;  Company  L  in 
Washington  county;  and  Company  M  in  Ross  county.  The 
members  of  the  regiment  were  composed  largely  of  farmers' 
boys,  and  many  of  them  furnished  their  owrn  horses  and  equip 
ments,  and  as  they  were  accustomed  to  riding  and  training 
horses,  they  were  well  adapted  to  the  cavalry  arm  of  the  service. 

Of  the  commissioned  officers  of  the  regiment,  four  attained 
the  grade  of  Colonel,  five  of  Lieutenant-Colonel,  sixteen  of  Major, 
four  of  Surgeon,  two  Assistant  Surgeon,  one  Chaplain,  forty-six 
of  Captain,  and  one  hundred  and  twenty-nine  of  Lieutenant  - 
making  in  all  two  hundred  and  seven  commissions.  There  being 
originally  twelve  Captains,  thirty-four  Lieutenants  were  pro 
moted  to  the  rank  of  Captain.  There  were  but  four  officers  in 
the  regiment  at  the  close  of  the  war  that  were  commissioned 
at,  the  organization  of  the  regiment;  all  the  other  officers  re 
maining  in  the  regiment  at  the  close  of  the  war,  having  been 
promoted  from  the  ranks.  Of  the  Colonels  of  the  regiment, 
Ransom  resigned,  Millikin  was  killed  at  Stone  River,  Smith 
was  promoted  to  Brigadier-General,  and  Eggleston  was  also  pro 
moted  to  Brigadier-General,  and  died  since  the  war,  was  mus 
tered  out  with  the  regiment.  Colonel  Cupp  was  killed  at  Cbick- 
amanga.  Major  Moore  and  Lieutenant  Condit  were  killed  at 
Stone  River;  Colonel  Patten  lias  died  since  the  war,  as  has  also 
Major  Scott.  Major  Frankeberger,  Major  Buck,  and  Major  Rob- 


-21— 

inson  died  during  the  war.  Captains  Emery  and  Scott  were 
killed  in  action,  as  was  Lieutenant  Allen,  Lieutenant  Stevens, 
and  Lieutenant  Eennick  died  in  the  service.  Surgeon  Cannan, 
Captain  Pickering,  Lieutenants  Overly,  Scott,  L'Hommedieu, 
Ferguson,  Bryson,  Goodrich,  Captain  Conn,  Captain  Lawder, 
Lieutenant  Leib,  Lieutenant  Hall  and  Captain  Siverd  have  died 
since  the  war,  and  scores  -of  our  comrades  of  the  rank  and  tile 
have  answered  their  last  roll-call  and  passed  to  the  camping 
ground  on  the  other  shore. 

Colonel  O.  P.  Ransom  was  a  regular  army  officer  and  he 
at  once  commenced  drilling  the  regiment  dismounted,  and  issued 
the  strictest  orders  for  all  routine  camp  duty.  But  few  of  the 
officers  knew  anything  about  the  cavalry  tactics,  or  any  other 
tactics;  but  an  officer's  school  was  soon  organized  and  every 
officer  was  required  to  get  a  set  of  cavalry  tactics  and  devote 
his  time  to  study  and  drill,  and  the  company  officers  were  re- 
qired  to  organize  a  school  for  the  non-commissioned  officers  and 
give  them  instructions  every  night. 

We  denounced  Colonel  Eansom  as  an  "old  martinet  and 
tyrant"  then,  but  we  soon  learned  to  respect  him  as  a  disci 
plinarian,  and  before  the  end  of  our  service  blessed  his  memory 
for  the  strict  discipline  inaugurated  when  we  first  went  into 
camp. 

One  of  our  historians  of  the  war  speaks  very  highly  of  the 
personnel  of  the  regiment  at  the  organization,  and  uses  the  fol 
lowing  language: 

"It  being  the  first  organization  of  its  class  raised  in  the 
State,  there  was  at  once  manifested  a  great  anxiety  to  join  its 
ranks.  This  fact  enabled  the  recruiting  officers  and  the  Sur 
geon  of  the  regiment  to  discriminate  largely  in  the  selection 
of  men.  It  may  wTell  be  doubted  whether  more  applicants  were 
ever  rejected  from  a  similar  organization  in  the  service,  or  if 
a  nobler  band  of  men  in  physical  development  could  possibly 
have  been  selected  from  the  yeomanry  of  Ohio."* 

During  the  month  of  September,  1861,  and  before  the  regi 
ment  w^as  fully  organized,  Companies  A  and  C,  having  been 
mounted  and  equipped,  were  ordered  to  Western  Virginia,  where 
they  were  destined  to  campaign  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
for  the  next  three  years,  participating  in  some  of  the  hardest 
battles  and  some  of  the  most  daring  raids  of  the  cavalry  service. 
Company  B  having  been  mounted  and  fully  equipped,  about  the 
first  of  October  was  ordered  to  report  to  General  Mitchell's 
Headquarters  in  Cincinnati,  and  in  a  few  days  it  was  sent  on 
an  expedition  into  Kentucky.  At  West  Liberty  they  met  the 
command  of  Colonel  Humphrey  Marshall  and  had  a  lively  fight. 
Lieutenant  Samuel  Fordyce  and  a  few  men  of  the  company  were 
wounded,  being  the  first  blood  shed  in  the  regiment.  The  com- 


*Reid's  "Ohio  in  the  VTar." 


—22— 

pany  remained  in  this  section  of  Kentucky  until  December  and 
joined  the  regiment  at  Louisville  in  the  same  month.  As  will 
be  remembered  by  all  members  of  the  regiment,  our  camp  was 
along  the  National  Koad  at  the  extreme  west  end  of  Camp 
Chase,  and  we  were  quartered  in  tents,  while  all  the  other  troops 
in  camj)  were  quartered  in  wooden  barracks. 

The  40th  Kegiment,  O.  V.  I.,  and  42nd  Kegiment,  O.  V.  I., 
were  in  cam])  —  the  42nd  being  Garfield's  regiment  —  and  with 
this  regiment  we  had  a  lively  skirmish  at  one  time,  and  after 
that  we  did  not  have*  any  particular  love  for  each  other.  The 
4()th  and  42nd  boys  got  into  a  fight  something  about  Post  Sut 
ler's  quarters.  The  guards  of  the  42nd  refused  to  allow  the 
40th  boys  to  pass  the  guard  lines  to  go  to  the  Sutlers,  and  this 
resulted  in  a  big  racket  between  the  two  regiments  and  a  large 
number  of  soldiers  of  both  regiments  assembled  at  the  guard 
line.  Before  the  Officer  of  the  Day  arrived  hostilities  had  com 
menced,  and  the  First  Ohio  re-enforced  the  40th  and  took  a  hand 
and  there  Avere  many  knock-downs  and  bloody  noses  on  both 
sides,  and  the  42nd  was  "knocked  out  in  the  first  round,"  at 
least  it  was  so  claimed  by  the  boys  of  the  First  and  Fortieth. 
This  was  the  "baptism  of  blood"  for  these  three  regiments,  that 
were  destined  to  fight  on  so  many  bloody  fields  within  the  next 
four  years,  and  it  was  a  little  episode  well  remembered  by  every 
soldier  of  these  regiments  present  at  the  time. 

During  our  stay  in  Camp  Chase  we  had  a  very  enjoyable 
time,  as  the  fall  weather  was  beautiful,  and  we  had  hundreds 
of  visitors  from  the  city  and  surrounding  country,  and  we  w^ere 
I  very  much  in  love  with  "playing  soldier."  "  The  company 
s  in  the  facings  and  marching  were  kept  up  regularly,  two 
s  each  day,  until  the  regiment  had  become  quite  proficient 
in  the  dismounted  drill  before  the  horses  were  issued.     We  re 
ceived  our  horses  in  the  month  of  October,  and  then  the  car- 
alryman  was  in  his  glory,  for  through  all  the  hard  work  of 
1  setting  up"  and  the  many  weeks  of  dismounted  drill  he  had  been 
cheered  by  the  promise  and  the  bright  hope  that  he  would  soon 
i*  mounted  on  his  good  steed  and  ready  to  meet  the  enemv  in 
s  chosen  arm  of  the  service.    The  dismounted  drill,  while  dis- 
LStefuJ  to  the  trooper,  was  very  important,  as  we  learned,  after 
the  field,  that  it  was  necessary  to  often  dismount  to  light 
foot,  and  had  our  horses  been  furnished  immediately  after 
we  went  into  cam]),  much  of  the  dismounted  drill  would  have 
:MM'ii  omitted,  and   we  also  had  more  time  to  devote  to  saber 
and  manual  of  carbine  and  revolver.    When  the  horses  were 
Ml,  they  proved  to  be  very  fine  mounts,  as  but  few  cavalrv 
horses  had   been  purchased  in  that  section  of  the  state,  and 
such  a  large  number  of  fine  horses  to  select  from,  many 
were  condemned  and  rejected.    Those  were  the  handsomest  and 
most  serviceable  lot  of  horses  we  had  during  our  service  — no 


—23— 

horse  being  accepted  if  he  was  less  than  five  years  of  age,  and 
at  least  one  horse  of  that  number  was  in  service  to  the  end 
of  the  war,  and  was  turned  in  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  when  the 
regiment  was  discharged.  The  horses  were  issued  to  the  com 
panies  and  the  company  commanders  then  had  two  numbers 
made  out  for  each  horse,  one  was  tied  to  the  head  of  the  halter, 
and  the  other  put  in  a  hat  from  which  each  soldier  drew  a  num 
ber  and  then  started  on  a  double  quick  for  the  picket  line  to 
find  his  horse.  It  is  safe  to  say  that  there  was  more  horse  trad 
ing  done  in  one  day,  after  we  received  our  horses,  than  was 
ever  done  in  the  State  of  Ohio  in  the  same  time,  as  every  soldier 
was  anxious  to  get  a  good  mount,  and  if  his  horse  did  not  suit 
him  on  the  first  trial,  he  exchanged  with  the  first  trooper  that 
was  willing  to  trade,  and  this  was  kept  up  for  some  weeks. 

The  average  cavalryman  has  reached  the  height  of  his  ambi 
tion  when  he  is  mounted  and  equipped,  and  we  commenced 
mounted  drills  at  once,  and  kept  it  up  continuously,  at  least 
two  drills  each  day,  as  long  as  we  remained  in  Camp  Chase. 
We  frequently  made  practice  marches  along  the  National  Road 
and  into  the  city,  with  drawn  sabers,  and  our  new  uniforms, 
fine,  gaily-caparisoned  horses  and  clanking  spurs  attracted  a 
great  deal  of  attention,  especially  from  the  fair  maidens.  The 
flirtations  of  these  dashing  troopers  no  doubt  caused  the  hearts 
of  the  "girls  we  left  behind"  to  sigh  for  their  cavaliers  when  we 
were  ordered  to  the  front.  As  tne  large  per  cent  of  the  boys 
recruited  in  the  regiment  were  farmers,  and  as  in  that  day  a 
great  deal  of  horseback  riding  was  done,  a  large  majority  of 
our  men  were,  as  the  saying  goes,  "raised  on  a  horse's  back," 
and  were  fine  horsemen.  To  be  an  accomplished  rider,  it  must 
be  learned  when  the  person  is  young  and  at  the  age  when  he 
has  a  certain  amount  of  recklessness  and  has  no  fear,  for  a 
person  that  is  timid  and  has  no  confidence  in  his  ability  to  control 
his  horse  never  can  become  a  good  rider. 

The  First  Ohio  had  a  great  advantage  in  this  regard  over 
many  cavalry  regiments  that  were  recruited  in  cities  and  in 
localities  where  there  was  little  horseback  riding,  as  the  men 
were  accustomed  to  caring  for  horses  and  understood  feeding, 
grooming  and  saddling,  and  did  not  have  these  duties  to  learn 
after  enlisting.  Many  of  the  men  brought  their  own  horses  to 
camp  and  owned  them  throughout  the  war,  and  received  forty 
cents  a  day  from  the  Government  for  their  service.  The  men 
who  owned  their  own  mounts  usually  had  the  best  horses  and 
cared  for  them  the  best,  as  they  had  a  pecuniary  interest  and 
also  understood  the  care  of  horses.  With  all  these  advantages, 
the  regiment  took  up  the  mounted  drill  readily,  and  before 
we  left  Camp  Chase  in  December,  1861,  had  become  quite  pro 
ficient  in  mounted  battalion  and  regimental  drill,  which  attracted 
large  crowds  of  visitors,  and  was  viewed  with  admiration  and 


—24— 

envy  by  the  infantry  soldiers,  in  camp.  The  manoeuvres  of  a 
thousand  horsemen  at  a  trot,  gallop  and  charge  is  a  magnificent 
sight,  and,  once  seen,  is  always  remembered,  and  has  a  great 
attraction  for  the  average  young  American,  and  we  were  all 
soon  imbued  with  the  dash  and  exciting  attractions  of  the  cav 
alry  service. 

"  While  no  soldier  can  become  a  good  cavalryman  unless  he 
is  a  good  horseman,  we  soon  learned  that  the  service  of  a  cav 
alryman,  with  all  its  many  attractions,  was  at  all  times  laborious, 
and  while  he  might  be  a  good  rider  he  had  many  other  duties 
to  learn  and  perform. 

The  trooper  has  his  carbine  to  care  for  and  keep  in  order, 
which  evens  him  up  with  the  infantryman  in  care  of  arms  and 
equipments,  and  in  addition  to  this  he  has  his  revolver,  saber 
and  horse  equipments  to  keep  in  order  and  his  horse  to  water, 
feed  and  groom  every  day,  and  the  soldier  who  enlists  in  the 
cavalry  service  expecting  a  "soft  snap"  will  soon  learn,  to  his 
sorrow,  that  he  has  been  laboring  under  a  grieA^ous  mistake. 
On  a  campaign  or  march  in  good  weather,  when  it  is  not  neces 
sary  to  pitch  tents  at  night,  the  infantry  stack  arms,  get  supper 
and  are  soon  at  rest  or  asleep;  but  not  so  with  the  cavalryman — 
the  company  must  first  put  up  the  picket  rope  and  then  the 
horses  must  be  watered,  fed  and  groomed.  If  there  is  no  forage 
in  the  wagon  train,  he  must  then  hunt  forage  for  his  horse,  and 
perhaps  go  a  mile  or  two  for  that.  Then  he  unsaddles,  gets  his 
coffee,  grooms  his  horse,  and  is  ready  to  lie  down  an  hour  after 
the  infantryman  is  asleep.  In  the  morning,  if  the  cavalry  are 
to  move  at  the  same  hour  the  infantry  are  to  march,  they  must 
have  revielle  an  hour  earlier  than  the  infantry,  to  have  time 
to  feed,  groom  and  water  their  horses;  and  while  he  has  the 
advantage  on  the  march,  it  would  not  be  considered  by  the 
average  citizen  a  very  easy  task  to  march  forty,  fifty  or  even 
sixty  miles  a  day  mounted,  which  was  a  usual  occurrence 
on  our  scouts  and  raids.  We  did  not  know  all  of  these  things 
when  we  were  drilling  in  Camp  Chase  in  the  fall  of  1861,  but 
before  the  regiment  was  mustered  out  —  September  13,  1865- 
we  learned  by  experience  that  it  was  a  reality. 

On  the  eighth  day  of  December  the  long  looked  for  order 
to  "march  to  the  front"  was  received,  and  'it  took  a  full  day 
and  night  to  pack  up  and  cook  rations  for  the  anticipated 
campaign. 

All  day  of  the  eighth  was  consumed  in  writing  letters  to 
the  dear  ones  at  home  and  sending  a  last  loving  message  to 
the  "girl  we  left  behind."  IJut  little  sleep  was  had  that  nijrht 
by  anyone,  as  many  of  the  boys  took  advantage  of  the  last  night 
in  camp  to  visit  the  city,  and,  as  a  result,  came  into  camp  all 
hours  of  the  night,  many  of  them  in  a  hilarious  and  boisterous 
condition,  much  to  the  disgust  of  the  infantry  bovs  doino- 

*  t-  t"T* 


—25— 

duty  along  the  National  Road,  as  squads  of  cavalrymen  of  from 
six  to  a  dozen  would  dash  through  the  guard  lines  under  the 
spur  yelling  like  a  lot  of  savages.  Thus  the  night  of  the  eighth 
passed  in  a  whirl  of  excitement,  and  just  after  day-break  of 
the  ninth  the  "general"  was  sounded,  tents  were  struck,  and 
the  straw  and  debris  that  had  accumulated  during  over  three 
months'  encampment  was  fired,  and  for  two  or  three  hours  we 
were  almost  suffocated  with  the  black,  dense  smoke  from  the 
many  fires  all  over  the  camp.  Each  soldier  of  the  regiment  had 
been  presented  by  the  Sanitary  Commission  with  a  large  cotton 
comforter  in  camp,  but  very  uncomfortable  to  pack,  as  they 
were  so  large  and  cumbersome.  Imagine  a  cavalry  saddle  with 
the  following  load  mailed  on  the  pommel  and  the  cantel  and 
you  see  the  saddle  of  a  trooper  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  as 
it  appeared  when  packed  for  the  first  time:  One  double  blanket, 
one  rubber  talma,  one  overcoat,  one  shirt,  an  extra  suit  of  under 
wear,  socks,  etc.,  one  feed  sack,  one  lariat  rope,  curry-comb  and 
brush,  and  one  cotton  comforter.  When  the  saddle  was  packed 
and  ready  for  putting  on  the  horse's  back,  it  was  a  fair  rival  in 
appearance  to  a  Pennsylvania  moving  wagon. 

Each  trooper  had  sufficient  baggage  for  three,  and  it  took 
two  of  the  boys  to  lift  a  saddle  up  on  a  horse's  back  in  saddling, 
and  when  he  mounted,  the  horses  groaned  under  their  heavy  load. 
Here  we  had  our  first  experience  in  "waiting  for  orders,"  and 
we  had  to  wait  two  or  three  hours  after  saddling,  but  finally, 
much  to  our  delight,  we  took  up  our  line  of  march  for  the  city. 
It  was  a  beautiful,  sunshiny  December  day,  and  every  soldier 
who  was  in  the  regiment  at  that  time  will  well  remember  that 
march  from  Camp  Chase.  One  thousand  cavalrymen,  armed 
and  equipped  in  heavy  marching  orders,  marching  by  fours  along 
the  old  National  Eoad  and  through  the  streets  of  Columbus, 
was  a  grand  spectacle  and  one  never  to  be  forgotten.  The  boys 
were  all  in  high  spirits  and  as  we  passed  the  old  Four  Mile 
House,  the  genial  landlord  of  that  famed  hostelry,  with  his 
family,  were  out  on  the  long  porch  waving  us  good-bye,  and 
the  boys  were  singing  the  "Girl  I  left  behind  me,"  little  think 
ing  that  many  of  them  were  leaving  their  sweethearts  for  the 
last  time  on  earth. 

Many  of  the  boys  in  the  regiment  had  enlisted  from  Colum 
bus  and  from  Franklin,  Madison,  Union,  Licking,  Fairfield, 
Pickaway  and  other  adjoining  counties,  and  as  the  word  had 
gone  forth  that  we  we're  to  inarch  on  that  day,  scores  of  relatives 
and  friends  had  been  attracted  to  the  camp  to  bid  their  fathers, 
brothers,  sons  and  sweethearts  good-bye  and  to  see  them  off 
for  the  war,  and  as  was  usual  in  all  regiments  that  left  for  the 
"front,"  there  were  many  sad  farewells,  and  "Good-bye,  God  bless 
and  protect  you"  came  from  many  a  bleeding  heart. 

There  were  some  amusing  and  exciting  incidents,  even  in 


—26— 

this  quiet  march  to  the  city,  as  the  loads  were  so  heavy  that 
many  of  the  saddles  turned  and  the  horses  would  become  fright 
ened  and  run,  and  in  some  instances  broke  away  from  their 
riders,  after  they  were  thrown  or  dismounted,  and  some  of  the 
well  packed  saddles  were  kicked  to  pieces  by  the  frightened 
horses,  and  the  big  cotton  comforters  were  badly  demoralized. 

The  streets  were  lined  by  thousands  of  people,  and  as  we 
marched  across  High  Street  and  out  Broadway  the  regiment 
was  greeted  by  shouts  and  by  waving  of  flags  and  handkerchiefs 
all  along  the  line,  and  hundreds  of  people  followed  to  the  stock 
yards,  east  of  the  depot,  to  see  us  on  board  the  train. 

It  took  all  the  afternoon  to  load  horses  and  baggage  aboard 
the  cars,  and  we  were  ready  to  pull  out  just  about  dark,  and  the 
men  were  marched  down  to  the  depot  to  take  the  passenger 
coaches  in  waiting,  and  we  were  soon  steaming  toward  the  Queen 
City  with  long  trains  of  freight  cars  loaded  with  horses  and  bag 
gage  following  close  behind.  We  arrived  in  Cincinnati  about 
daybreak  on  the  morning  of  the  tenth  sleepy,  tired  and  hungry. 
The  work  of  unloading  horses  and  baggage  was  commenced  at 
once  and  consumed  the  greater  part  of  the  forenoon,  and,  as  wrill 
be  remembered,  we  marched  through  the  market,  and  the  boys 
both  amused  themselves  and  replenished  their  haversacks  by 
running  their  sabers  into  the  piles  of  fruit  exhibited  for  sale, 
much  to  the  anxiety  of  the  market  venders.  We  marched  to 
the  wharf,  where  several  transports  were  steamed  up  waiting, 
and  by  3  o'clock  P.  M.  we  were  all  safely  on  board,  with  horses 
on  the  lower  decks,  ready  to  start  down  the  beautiful  Ohio  for 
Louisville. 

The  horses  were  closely  crowded  together,  and  the  hissing 
of  the  steam,  the  noise  of  the  machinery,  and  the  dashing  of  the 
waves  against  the  sides  of  the  boat  frightened  the  horses  so 
that  some  of  them  became  almost  wild  and  unmanageable,  and 
t  was  necessary  to  keep  a  very  strong  stable  guard  on  all  the 
time  to  look  after  them.  The  floors  were  very  slippery  and  at 
times  the  swaying  of  the  boat  would  cause  them  to  slip  and  fall 

t  was  almost  worth  a  man's  life  to  go  in  among  those  wild, 
stamping  horses,  and  we  were  all  very  happy  when  we  landed 

at  Louisville,  Ky.,  on  the  morning  of  the  eleventh the  first 

cavalry  regiment  to  enter  that  department  excepting  Wolford's 
Kentucky  regiment. 

Keid  says  in  his  "Ohio  in  the  War":    "The  First  Ohio  was 
tin 


ie  nucleus  of  that  host  of  cavalry  which,  under  the  leadership 
?y,  Crook,  Lou-,  Kilpatrick,  Minty,  Millikin,  Garrard, 
1  and   Wilson  achieved  such  triumphs  for  the  country 
and  fame  for  themselves." 

We  wont  into  camp  at  Oakland,  a  fine  park  just  outside  of 
the  city  limits,  south  west,  and  named  it  Cam!)  Duell,  in  honor 
of  General  Dou  Carlos  IJuell,  Commander  of  the  "Armv  of  Ohio  » 


—27— 

It  was  a  beautiful  camp  with  good  drill  grounds,  and  we  resumed 
drills  and  regular  camp  duties  at  once,  with  mounted  "dress 
parades"  and  practice  inarches  on  the  pikes  leading  out  from 
the  city.  Soon  after  our  arrival  at  Camp  Buell  measles,  that 
disease  much  more  to  be  dreaded  among  soldiers  than  smallpox, 
broke  out  in  the  regiment,  and  as  it  was  quite  severe  winter 
weather,  many  of  those  taken  down  with  the  disease  caught 
cold  and  died,  and  with  many  others  disease  of  throat  and  lungs 
resulted,  which  followed  them  through  their  army  service,  and 
in  some  cases  through  life. 

The  regiment  remained  at  Camp  Buell,  with  nothing  to 
break  the  monotony  of  camp-life,  only  one  incident,  that  many 
members  of  the  regiment  will  recall  with  a  smile.  By  the  order 
of  some  one  in  authority,  and  we  understood  at  the  time  that 
it  was  from  Lieutenant-Colonel  T.  C.  H.  Smith  in  the  absence  of 
Colonel  Ransom,  we  were  directed  to  have  our  sabers  ground, 
and  we  marched  into  the  city,  one  company  at  a  time,  to  a 
machine  shop,  and  had  a  razor  edge  put  on  our  sabers,  and  we 
then  imagined  that  we  were  ready  to  go  to  chopping  off  heads 
in  the  most  approved  order  of  modern  warfare.  Colonel  Ransom, 
on  his  return,  was  very  indignant,  and  ordered  us  to  dull  the  edges 
by  saber  exercise  and  fencing,  as  they  were  very  dangerous  in 
drilling  with  the  saber  when  mounted,  and  besides  it  was  against 
the  rules  of  civilized  warfare.  During  the  service  of  the  regi 
ment  we  had  many  a  laugh  over  our  experience  with  our  razor- 
edged  sabers  at  Camp  Buell. 

We  remained  at  Camp  Buell  drilling  until  the  sixteenth  day 
of  January,  1862,  when  we  were  ordered  to  join  General  Thomas 
at  Mill  Springs,  and  marched  out  seven  miles  on  the  afternoon 
of  the  sixteenth,  and  on  the  seventeenth  we  marched  twenty- 
five  miles  and  camped  on  the  banks  of  Salt  River  in  a  cornfield, 
and  as  it  had  rained  all  day  the  mud  was  about  boot-top  deep, 
and  we  passed  a  very  uncomfortable  night.  On  the  eighteenth 
we  marched  about  twenty-five  miles  and  camped  on  the  banks 
of  "Rolling  Fork,"  and  as  the  rain  had  poured  down  in  torrents 
all  day  we  were  drenched  to  the  skin  and  chilled  to  the  bone. 

The  site  selected  for  the  camp  was  on  the  side  of  a  very 
steep  hill,  so  steep  that  it  was  not  possible  for  a  mule  team 
to  pull  a  wagon  up,  and  it  was  all  we  could  do  to  climb  up  dis 
mounted,  leading  our  horses.  The  wagons  did  not  arrive  until 
after  dark,  and  as  we  had  no  cooking  utensils  we  could  not  make 
any  coffee,  and  all  the  supper  we  had  was  a  cracker  and  a  slice 
of  cold  pork.  But  few  tents  were  pitched,  as  it  was  so  stony 
that  tent  pins  could  not  be  driven,  and  the  majority  of  the  boys 
stood  around  the  fires  or  sat  on  their  saddles  beside  a  tree  all 
night.  TWTO  or  three  companies  pitched  their  tents  down  in 
the  flat  along  the  stream,  and  during  the  night  the  stream  raised 
very  suddenly  and  the  water  came  down  like  a  mountain  torrent 


—28— 

and  with  such  force  that  it  washed  off  some  of  the  saddles  and 
equipments  before  they  could  be  taken  to  a   place  of  safety. 

I  do  not  think  there  is  a  soldier  of  the  regiment  now  living 
that  was  on  that  march  but  will  remember  it  very  distinctly, 
and  will  unanimously  agree  that  it  was  one  of  the  most  disa 
greeable  day's  marches,  and  that  we  passed  in  Camp  Franken- 
berger  (as  it  was  named  in  honor  of  our  Quartermaster)  one 
of  the  most  uncomfortable  nights  of  our  service  during  the  war. 

On  the  nineteenth  we  marched  about  sixteen  miles  and 
camped  near  Lebanon,  Camp  Smith,  and  received  the  news  of 
the  battle  of  Mills  Springs,  fought  that  day  and  a  great  victory 
for  our  army  —  General  Zollicoffer  of  the  rebel  army  killed. 
On  the  twenty-first  marched  through  Lebanon  and  out  on  the 
Somersett  Pike  about  two  miles,  Camp  McCook.  Here  the  regi 
ment  resumed  drill,  and  January  24  John  Morgan  made  a  dash 
on  our  pickets  and  burned  a  church  that  was  used  as  a  tele 
graph  office  on  the  line  from  Lebanon  to  General  Thomas7  head 
quarters  at  Mill  Springs.  Three  companies  of  the  regiment  were 
sent  in  pursuit  and  drove  the  rebel  cavalry  to  Green  Kiver, 
taking  a  number  prisoners.  After  crossing  the  river  the  rebels 
cut  the  bridge,  and  as  the  stream  could  not  be  forded,  the  pur 
suit  was  abandoned  and  the  battalion  returned  to  camp  on  the 
twenty-fifth,  and  on  the  twenty-sixth  another  company  was  sent 
out  on  a  scout  and  to  guard  the  telegraph  line,  and  they  cap 
tured  a  few  more  prisoners. 

This  was  our  first  campaign  against  Morgan's  bold  riders, 
who  were  destined  to  give  our  regiment  so  much  trouble  during 
the  next  four  years.  We  remained  in  camp  near  Lebanon  until 
February  14  and  kept  up  mounted  drill  every  day  with  the  usual 
parades  and  guard  mounting,  with  but  oiie  or  two  incidents 
to  break  in  on  the  monotony  of  camp  life,  and  one  was  the  dedi 
cating  of  the  regimental  colors,  just  received,  to  the  cause  of 
the  Union  by  appropriate  ceremonies  and  a  prayer  by  the  regi 
mental  Chaplain,  Drake,  and  it  was  an  impressive  and  beautiful 
service. 

Colonel  Kansom  having  resigned  while  the  regiment  was 
in  cam])  at  Louisville,  in  January  the  command  devolved  on 
Lieutenant-Colonel  T.  C.  IT.  Smith,  who  commanded  the  re<n- 
ment  up  to  February  14,  when  he  was  relieved  by  Colonel  Minor 
lliken    who  had  been  promoted  to  the  Colonelcy  from  the 
enior  Major  of  the  regiment.     There  was  much  dissatisfaction 
the  Promotion  of  Colonel  Millikin  over  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Sin    h,  and  the  officers  waited  on  him  in  a  body  on  his  arrival  — 
-  and  requested  him  to  resign,  as  it  was  thought  bv 
•f  them  who  were  his  warm,  personal  friends,  that  it  would 
Ji-oat  harm  to  the  organization,  and  mauv  of  the  officers 
tened  to  resign,  but  Colonel  Millikin,  bv  his  soldierly  con 
duct  at  all  limes  and  by  his  acknowledged  merit  and  ability  and 


—29— 

his  gallantry  upon  the  field,  outlived  all  this  prejudice  and  died 
upon  the  batte-field  "booted  and  spurred,"  the  idol  of  the  regi 
ment. 

On  February  14  we  broke  camp  at  Lebanon,  and  as  it  had 
snowed  the  night  before,  we  had  a  very  cold  day's  march  and 
that  night  camped  near  the  village  of  Fredricktown  —  about 
fifteen  miles  distant  —  and  pitched  our  tents  on  the  snow. 

At  that  time  we  had  the  old  round  Sibley  tents  and  each 
tent  was  provided  with  a  Sibley  stove  made  of  sheet  iron, 
running  up  funnel-shaped  about  three  feet  high,  and  as  there 
was  no  bottom,  it  was  set  on  the  ground,  and  about  two  joints 
of  pipe  completed  the  outfit.  It  was  five  or  six  feet  from  the 
top  of  the  pipe  to  the  top  of  the  tent,  where  there  was  a  hole 
around  the  center  pole  for  the  smoke  to  escape.  Many  times 
the  tent  would  be  so  full  of  smoke  that  we  would  all  be  com 
pelled  to  leave  the  tent  to  keep  from  smothering  and  put  the 
fire  out,  and  all  winter  the  boys  looked  like  a  band  of  red-eyed, 
smoked  savages,  and  they  prayed  that  they  might  be  forever 
after  delivered  from  the  curse  of  living  in  Sibley  tents  with 
Sibley  stoves.  That  cold  evening  of  February  14  our  wagon 
train  had  been  delayed  and  did  not  come  up  until  dark,  and 
we  were  cold  and  shivering  around  a  little  camp-fire  for  two 
or  three  hours,  and  I  think  this  is  the  first  evening  the  boys 
ever  confiscated  any  hay,  but  as  there  were  a  number  of  hay 
stacks  in  sight,  some  venturesome  fellow  made  a  break,  and  in 
a  few  minutes  the  hay  was  all  in  bundles,  either  to  be  fed  to 
the  horses  or  put  in  the  tents  for  beds,  "as  the  case  might  be," 
according  to  the  tactics. 

On  the  fifteenth  we  marched  to  Bardstown  and  went  into 
"Camp  Lytle,"  and  remained  here  until  the  twenty-fourth,  and 
during  this  time  learned  of  the  fall  of  Fort  Henry  and  Fort 
Donaldson,  and  some  of  the  officers  of  the  regiment  were  very 
much  worried  and  exercised  for  fear  the  war  would  close  before 
we  got  into  a  fight,  but  it  proved  that  their  fears  were  groundless, 
as  we  learned  within  the  next  three  and  a  half  years  by  testing 
steel  with  a  worthy  foe  on  many  a  hard-contested  field. 

February  24  broke  camp  and  started  on  the  march  for  Louis 
ville,  which  we  reached  on  the  twenty-fifth,  and  lay  in  camp 
until  the  twenty-seventh,  then  marched  through  the  city  and  took 
boats  at  Portland  and  sailed  down  the  Ohio  and  reached  Smith- 
land,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Cumberland  River,  on  the  second  of 
March  without  any  incident  of  note.  We  steamed  up  the  Cum 
berland  and  passed  Fort  Donaldson  on  the  fourth,  and  from 
the  boats  had  a  fine  view  of  the  rebel  batteries.  This  was  our 
first  view  of  a  battle-field,  and  was  a  scene  long  to  be  remem 
bered,  as  the  timber  along  the  river  below  the  Fort  was  almost 
mowed  down  by  shot  and  shell  from  the  gun-boats  and  batteries. 
We  also  took  a  look  at  the  old  long,  low  white  house,  near  the 


—30— 

river  bank,  where  the  rebel  General,  Floyd,  took  a  last  look 
at  the  scenes  of  his  former  glory  and  then  said  to  himself,  "He 
that  fights  and  runs  away,  will  live  to  fight  another  day,"  and 
then  ran.  Here  were  the  wreck  and  ravages  of  war  in  reality, 
and  it  made  a  profound  impression  on  the  members  of  the  regi 
ment  that  has  never  been  forgotten. 

We  arrived  at  Nashville  on  the  seventh  and  went  into  camp 
about  two  miles  out  from  the  city  on  the  Charlotte  pike,  adjoining 
a  deer  park,  with  many  of  these  fleet-footed  animals  skipping 
over  the  snow,  as  it  had  snowed  a  light  skift  and  w^as  quite  cold. 
On  the  ninth  a  raiding  party  of  Texan  Rangers  made  a  dash 
on  our  pickets  and  captured  a  number  of  men  and  horses.  Our 
cavalry  made  chase  and  captured  the  men  and  horses  and  sev 
eral  prisoners,  and  among  the  prisoners  captured  was  a  brother 
of  John  Morgan,  and  on  the  eleventh  our  pickets  had  another 
brush  with  the  rebel  cavalry.  We  remained  in  camp,  drilling 
mounted  every  day  until  the  fifteenth  inst.,  when  we  received 
marching  orders.  We  started  at  10  o'clock  P.  M.  and  made  a 
dash,  as  the  advance  of  BuelFs  Army,  to  save  the  bridge  across 
Duck  River  at  Columbia,  marched  all  night  and  reached  Franklin 
just  after  day-break  on  the  sixteenth  —  Sunday  morning  —  and 
aroused  the  citizens  of  that  quiet  town  by  galloping  across  the 
bridge  and  up  the  main  street,  and  the  citizens  rushed  to  their 
doors  and  windows  to  view  for  the  first  time  the  "Yankee"  cav 
alry.  The  ladies  were  all  in  negligee,  with  uncombed  hair,  and 
were  very  much  frightened  at  the  early  morning  raiders,  and 
we  galloped  on  through  the  town  without  halting  to  give  a  Sun 
day  morning  salute  to  these  fair  Southern  daughters.  We  halted 
a  mile  or  two  from  Franklin,  fed  our  horses,  loosed  up  saddle 
girths,  had  a  quick  cup  of  coffee,  and  in  an  hour  were  again  in 
the  saddle,  moving  rapidly  forward. 

About  10  o'clock  passed  through  Spring  Hill,  just  as  the 
Sunday  worshippers  were  assembling  at  their  churches,  and 
there  was  a  general  stampede  across  lots  for  their  houses.  Just 
on  the  outskirts  of  the  town  we  passed  several  omnibuses  and 
stages  filled  with  an  august  and  badly-scared  body  of  citizens, 
who  proved  to  be  members  of  the  Tennessee  Legislature  hurry 
ing  to  their  homes.  But  we  had  no  time  to  waste  on  the  wor 
shipers  or  the  harmless  members  of  the  defunct  Legislature  of 
Tennessee,  and  we  moved  rapidly  forward.  WTe  arrived  at  Duck 
River  at  about  2  o'clock,  just  in  time  to  give  the  rear  guard 
of  the  rebel  cavalry  a  parting  salute  and  to  find  the  bridge  in 
flames.  The  bridge  burned  down,  and  we  did  not  attempt  to 
cross  that  evening,  but  exchanged  a  few  shots  with  the  rebel 
pickets  and  went  into  camp. 

On  the  seventeenth  the  advance  of  McCooks  Division  arrived 
and  went  into  cam])  near  our  Brigade.  On  the  evening  of  the 
nineteenth  Company  K  was  called  "to  horse"  at  10  o'clock  and 


—31— 

were  ordered  to  make  a  reconnoissance  back  toward  Spring  Hill. 
The  company  moved  out  in  a  hurry  and  two  or  three  miles  from 
camp  ran  into  the  pickets  of  an  Indiana  cavalry  regiment,  the 
advance  guard  of  General  Nelson's  Division.  We  charged  the 
pickets  on  the  full  gallop  and  drove  them  back  on  the  reserve, 
and  the  reserve  opened  fire  at  once  and  thirty  or  forty  shots 
were  fired,  but  fortunately  no  one  wras  hurt,  but  two  or  three 
horses  were  wounded,  and  wre  captured  a  number  of  prisoners 
before  we  learned  that  they  were  our  own  men. 

The  officer  in  command  of  the  picket  was  very  angry  and 
threatened  to  arrest  our  officers,  but  explanations  were  soon 
made  and  Company  K  took  the  pike  and  moved  on  into  Spring 
Hill,  and  on  a  hint  from  a  Union  man  searched  a  furniture  estab 
lishment  and  found  a  large  number  of  rebel  uniforms  in  coffins, 
which  they  proceeded  to  confiscate  and  took  them  back  to  camp. 

We  remained  in  camp,  sending  out  scouting  parties  every 
day  patroling  the  river  and  found  all  bridges  burned,  and  on 
the  twenty-sixth  the  Third  Battalion,  composed  of  Companies 
E,  F,  I  and  K,  forded  the  river  at  Columbia  by  swimming  their 
horses  across  the  stream,  and  took  possession  of  that  beautiful 
town,  renowned  for  its  pretty  girls,  who,  notwithstanding  they 
were  hot-headed  and  bitter  rebels,  were  soon  flirting  with  the 
gay  cavalry  boys.  We  were  kept  busy  scouting  after  Jackson's 
and  Scott's  cavalry  until  Kelson's  Division  commenced  crossing 
on  the  twTenty-ninth  by  wading  the  stream,  and  on  the  thirtieth 
the  pontoon  bridge  was  completed  and  the  balance  of  the  troops 
commenced  crossing  rapidly.  It  was  here  that  we  first  saw  Gen 
eral  Willich,  who  by  his  army  experience  and  knowledge  of  mil 
itary  matters,  rendered  valuable  service  when  we  forded  the 
stream.  We  had  never  had  any  experience  in  swimming  our 
horses  and  when  we  started  into  the  stream  marching  by  fours 
and  as  the  horses  began  to  swim  the  fours  were  soon  broken,  and 
just  at  this  time  our  attention  was  attracted  by  an  officer  stand 
ing  on  the  bank  with  long  hair  thrown  back  over  his  shoulders, 
gesticulating  and  shouting  loudly,  "Do  not  break  the  fours." 
We  did  not  know  w^hat  reason  there  was  for  this,  but  we  endeav 
ored  to  keep  our  fours  together  the  best  we  could,  and  soon 
learned  that  this  was  the  only  safe  way  to  ford  a  stream  by 
SAvimming  horses,  as  in  that  manner  the  horses  support  each 
other,  and  they  can  swim  much  easier  and  it  is  more  safe  for 
the  men  than  to  become  scattered.  Also  when  the  infantry  com 
menced  crossing  the  pontoons  a  few  days  later,  a  regiment  was 
marching  dowrn  to  the  bridge  lead  by  a  band  keeping  the  step, 
and  as  they  struck  the  bridge  it  commenced  swaying  and  would 
have  soon  broken  down  had  it  not  been  that  General  Willich 
again  came  to  the  rescue,  as  he  was  standing  on  the  bank  and 
shouted  to  the  band  to  "stop  playing"  and  for  the  "soldiers  to 
break  the  step."  It  is  well  known  among  military  men  that  a 


—32— 

bridge  that  would  stand  the  test  of  a  large  body  of  cavalry 
or  artillery  would  break  down  under  the  step  of  a  regiment  of 
infantry  with  a  band  to  keep  the  time. 

We  took  a  great  many  lessons  in  swimming  our  horses  dur 
ing  our  service  and  soon  learned  that  to  swim  a  horse  success 
fully  the  reins  must  not  be  touched  and  that  a  horse  must  be 
given  free  head  and  guided  by  splashing  wrater  against  the  side 
of  his  head  with  the  hand. 

We  were  on  the  move,  scouting  every  day  during  our  stay 
at  Columbia,  and  one  of  the  most  daring  and  hardest  rides  ever 
made  by  any  members  of  the  regiment,  was  made  by  Sergeant 
Joseph  T.  Reynolds  and  David  Ault,  of  Company  F,  who  were 
detailed  to  carry  dispatches  from  General  Buell  to  General  Grant 
at  Savannah,  Tennessee,  which  is  best  told  in  the  words  of  Cap 
tain  Reynolds  himself: 

"On  Sunday,  March  30,  1862,  the  regiment  was  camped  at 
Columbia,  Tenn.,  being  the  advance  of  General  Buell's  Army, 
on  its  way  to  form  a  junction  with  that  of  General  Grant's  at 
Pittsburg  Landing,  Tenn.  I  had  fallen  asleep  in  my  tent  about 
eleven  o'clock  that  night  and  was  awakened  by  some  person 
shaking  me.  It  proved  to  be  Captain  Cupp,  and  he  told  me  to 
put  on  my  clothes  and  come  out  as  quickly  as  possible.  We 
walked  to  a  distance  from  the  company  quarters  out  of  earshot 
of  any  other  person,  and  he  then  informed  me  that  there  was  a 
dispatch  from  General  Buell  sent  to  the  regiment  and  that  it 
was  to  be  carried  to  General  Grant,  somewhere  on  the  Tennessee 
River,  and  that  he  had  orders  to  furnish  two  men  to  carry  it; 
that  he  had  chosen  me  to  go,  and  honored  me  by  giving  me  the 
privilege  of  choosing  my  companion.  I  chose  David  Ault,  and 
he  then  ordered  us  to  go  and  pick  our  horses  from  the  eighty 
or  ninety  horses  that  belonged  to  the  company,  to  carry  only 
our  carbines  and  revolvers,  and  report  to  the  Colonel's  quarters 
as  quickly  as  possible.  On  entering  the  tent  we  found  Colonel 
T.  C.  II.  Smith,  Captain  Cupp  and  one  or  two  others,  whose 
names  I  do  not  recollect  now,  were  present.  They  had  a  com 
mon  state  map  of  Tennessee  spread  out,  and  by  the  dim  light 
of  a  tallow  candle  they  tried  to  give  us  some  idea  of  wrhere  we 
were  to  go  and  the  route  we  were  to  take,  and  the  knowledge 
we  gained  was  very  indefinite  and  unsatisfactory.  The  orders 
from  General  Buell,  under  which  we  were  to  go^  were  read  to 
us,  and  with  the  dispatch  handed  over  to  us.  Briefly,  the  orders 
were  to  ride  as  fast  as  horses  could  go,  and  if  those  we  were 
riding  gave  out,  to  secure  others  by  any  means  in  our  power; 
f  fired  on,  not  to  stop;  to  return  the  fire,  but  to  ride  on;  and 
if  cut  off  from  the  road,  to  abandon  the  horses  and  take  to  the 
woods;  and  under  no  circumstances,  whatever,  to  allow  the  dis 
patch  to  fall  into  tho  enemy's  hands.  We  rode  out  just  about 
midnight  and  took  the  pike,  passed  the  plantations  of  the  Polks 


—33— 

and  Pillows  to  the  little  town  of  Mount  Pleasant.  The  night 
was  balmy  and  pleasant  as  a  night  in  the  latter  part  of  May  in 
Ohio.  The  moon,  at  about  her  second  quarter,  was  shining 
brightly  in  the  west.  Just  out  of  Mt.  Pleasant  the  road  formed 
a  Y  and  we  were  at  a  loss  to  know  which  one  to  take,  but  we 
took  the  right  hand  one  and  determined  to  make  inquiry  at  the 
first  opportunity.  I  should  have  stated  that  in  the  orders  read 
to  us  at  the  Colonel's  tent  we  were  to  go  by  New  Market  and 
to  pass  that  town,  if  possible,  before  daylight.  After  riding 
on  the  right  hand  road  for  half  or  three-quarters  of  a  mile,  we 
discovered  a  cabin  on  the  other  side  of  a  high  fence  in  the  edge 
of  some  woods.  Giving  Dave  my  horse  and  telling  him  to  signal 
me  if  anything  unusual  occurred,  I  climbed  the  fence,  went  to 
the  cabin  and  called  out  to  the  occupants,  and  after  some  delay 
had  just  ascertained  that  we  should  have  taken  the  other  road, 
when  Dave  gave  a  signal  of  danger.  I  rushed  to  the  fence,  clam 
bered  over,  and  quickly  mounted,  wheeled  around,  and  we  gal 
loped  back  and  took  the  other  road,  Dave  in  the  meantime  telling 
me  that  there  were  mounted  men  approaching  from  the  direction 
that  we  had  been  traveling.  Urging  our  horses  to  a  brisk  speed 
we  traveled  mile  after  mile,  without  having  any  idea  of  time  or 
distance,  through  a  country  broken  and  rough,  with  a  large  part 
of  it  covered  with  timber,  over  ordinary  country  roads.  At 
one  time  the  road  was  so  indistinct  that  we  lost  it  and  spent 
some  time  in  regaining  it.  After  riding  for  what  appeared  to 
be  a  long  time,  we  discovered  fires  to  our  left  about  half  a  mile 
away,  and  we  w^ere  in  doubt  whether  they  were  the  camp-fires 
of  a  body  of  troops  or  whether  it  was  only  fires  from  burning 
the  timber  land  that  was  being  cleaned,  but  from  the  regularity 
of  their  appearance  judged  that  it  w^as  a  camp.  After  riding 
perhaps  two  miles,  in  crossing  a  small  water  course,  we  allowed 
our  horses  a  moment  to  get  a  little  water,  the  moon  having  by 
this  time  set,  and  it  was  quite  dark.  Dave  touched  me  on  the 
arm,  and  as  I  raised  my  eyes  to  look  at  him  I  saw  what  was  a 
mere  coal  of  fire  and  indistinctly  what  appeared  to  be  horses. 
Without  a  word  we  spurred  our  tired  horses  forward,  and  as 
we  dashed  past  them  we  saw  four  cavalrymen  wTith  their  horses 
tied  to  the  fence.  They  appeared  to  be  confused  and  frightened 
and  did  not  fire  on  us.  Whether  they  pursued  us  or  fled,  we 
had  no  time  to  ascertain.  Sometime  afterward  my  horse  failed, 
and  after  searching  three  or  four  stables  in  the  dark,  I  secured 
a  horse  and  we  pushed  on.  Soon  after  this  we  passed  a  collec 
tion  of  cabins  which  we  vainly  hoped  was  New  Market.  But 
as  it  became  day-light  we  passed  a  cabin,  the  owner  of  which 
was  standing  on  his  doorstep,  and  we  passed  ourselves  on  him 
as  belonging  to  Kody's  rebel  cavalry,  and  found  that  Eody  had 
left  New  Market  the  day  before,  and  was  then  satisfied  that 
it  was  his  camp  that  we  had  passed.  We  soon  reached  Pointer's 


—34— 

charcoal  iron  furnace,  and  in  his  barn  we  found  two  good  horses, 
but  were  compelled  to  stand  Mr.  Pointer  and  two  other  white 
men,  all  armed  with  pistols,  backed  by  perhaps  eighty  or  a  hun 
dred  colored  people,  with  cocked  carbines.  The  country  here 
was  quite  thickly  settled  and  a  town  of  two  or  three  hundred 
inhabitants  a  couple  of  miles  away.  Kemeniber,  this  was  in 
1862,  these  people  had  never  seen  a  U.  S.  soldier,  and  knowing 
full  well,  that  after  taking  these  horses  by  force,  that  capture 
meant  death  by  a  rope,  we  hesitated  about  riding  through  New 
Market.  But  knowing  that  delays  were  dangerous,  we  decided 
to  dash  through  and  take  the  chances.  Our  horses  were  fine 
and  we  rode  very  fast  until  within  two  or  three  miles  of  Savan 
nah,  when  I  became  so  ill  that  I  Avas  compelled  to  dismount 
and  lie  down.  Dave  carried  the  dispatch  in  and  delivered  it  at 
General  Grant's  headquarters.  General  Grant  was  absent,  and 
we  were  ordered  to  report  them  at  7  o'clock  that  evening.  It 
was  then  about  10  o'clock  A.  M.,  as  near  as  I  can  recollect. 
Dave  came  back  and  assisted  me  into  town,  and  at  7  o'clock  in 
the  evening  we  reported,  as  ordered,  and  were  admitted  into 
General  Grant's  presence.  After  asking  us  many  questions 
about  General  Buell's  army,  where  it  was,  etc.,  he  ordered  us 
to  report  the  next  morning  to  carry  a  dispatch  to  the  General 
commanding  the  advance  of  Buell's^army.  I  informed  him  that 
I  was  not  able  to  ride;  but  he  did  not  change  his  order,  and 
we  received  the  dispatch  the  next  morning  and  carried  it  back 
beyond  New  Market  and  met  the  2nd  Indiana  Cavalry,  and, 
being  completely  worn  out,  we  turned  it  over  to  the  Colonel  of 
that  regiment.  We  were  taken  before  General  Nelson  that 
evening  for  stealing  Pointer's  horses,  but  on  hearing  the  cir 
cumstances,  complimented  us  and  discharged  us  after  compell 
ing  us  to  give  up  the  horses.  There  had  been  heavy  artillery 
firing  that  day  in  the  direction  of  the  Tennessee  Elver,  and  he 
appeared  to  be  very  uneasy  and  asked  us  many  questions  about 
matters  there,  although  we  were  able  to  give  him  very  little 
information.  How  much  the  delivery  of  these  dispatches  had 
to  do  with  the  timely  arrival  of  General  Nelson's  Division  at 
Pittsburg  Landing  Sunday  evening  in  time  to  save  General 
Grant's  army  from  being  driven  into  the  Tennessee  Kiver,  is 
locked  in  the  breasts  of  the  dead  and  will  probably  never  be 
known,  as  I  have  since  learned  the  distance  was  eighty-eight 
miles,  which  we  rode  in  about  ten  hours." 

That  Columbia  had  more  bewitching  and  pretty  girls  to 
the  number  of  inhabitants  than  any  other  town  the  First  Ohio 
was  ever  stationed  at,  "-oes  without  saying,"  and  there  were 
flirtations  during  our  short  stay, 'and  we  left  that  fair 
the  home  of  the  Polks  and  the  Pillows  and  other  promi 
nent  families  —  with   manv  regrets 


CO.  F. 


CO.  B. 


Capt.  I.afayette  Pickering. 


CO.  D. 


Our  Heroic  Dead. 


CO.  F. 


I^ieut.  A.  D.  I,ieb. 
CO.  K. 


Capt.  Geo.  F.  Conn. 


CO.  B. 


Capt.  H.  H.  Siverd. 


CO.  D. 


I <ieul._ Harvey,  l-'ergnson. 


I.ieut.  Frank  P.  Allen. 


lievt.  ChHS.  H.  Goodrich. 


From  Columbia  to  Pittsbttrg  Landing. 


On  the  first  day  of  April  the  rear  guard  of  the  army  crossed 
Duck  River  and  the  regiment  received  marching  orders.  Early 
on  the  morning  of  the  second  we  left  our  pretty  camp  in  the 
east  suburb  of  Columbia  and  marched  out  on  the  Mt.  Pleasant 
pike  two  or  three  miles,  and  went  into  camp  to  wait  for  the 
infantry  column  of  General  Thomas'  division,  to  wrhich  we  had 
been  attached,  to  pass. 

The  next  day  we  passed  through  a  beautiful  country,  pass 
ing  the  plantations  of  the  Pillow's  and  Ex-president  James  K. 
Polk,  the  Polk  homestead  being  the  most  beautiful  and  pictur 
esque  in  its  surroundings  of  any  we  had  ever  seen  in  Tennessee, 
and  as  the  day  was  warm  and  balmy,  all  enjoyed  the  scenery 
very  much.  We  passed  Mt.  Pleasant,  and  here  the  pike  ended, 
and  with  it  the  fine  country,  and  the  country  became  poor,  rough 
and  barren  —  wooded  mostly  with  scrubby  oak  timber  and  a 
poor  and  uncultivated  farming  country.  We  passed  some  iron 
and  charcoal  furnaces,  wrhich  seemed  to  be  about  the  only  in 
dustry  of  the  country,  the  roads  were  miserable,  and  we  were 
compelled  to  march  very  slowly  on  account  of  the  wagon  trains 
and  artillery.  The  regiment  reached  Waynesboro  about  noon, 
Sunday,  the  sixth,  and  went  into  camp  near  this  little  village  of 
two  or  three  hundred  inhabitants.  Here  we  first  heard  the  can 
nonading  of  the  first  day's  battle  of  Pittsburg  Landing,  about 
thirty  miles  distant,  which  continued  with  one  steady  roar  all 
the  afternoon,  and  during  all  of  that  night  we  could  hear  the 
regular  boom  of  cannon,  which  we  afterwards  learned  was  the 
gun-boats,  Tyler  and  Lexington,  throwing  shot  and  shell  into 
the  rebel  lines,  while  Buell's  army  was  disembarking  from  the 
transports  and  forming  their  line  of  battle  for  the  next  day's 
victory.  It  rained  very  hard  that  night,  and  we  marched  at  day 
break  of  the  seventh  on  toward  the  roar  of  battle,  that  was 
getting  more  distinct  each  moment  as  we  toiled  on  through  mud 
and  slough,  for  the  roads  were  now  almost  impassable,  and  we 


—36— 

began  to  overtake  the  wagon  trains  of  Buell's  advance.  We 
made  frequent  halts  for  the  wagon  trains  and  artillery  horses 
to  rest  a  few  minutes,  and  during  these  halts  General  Thomas 
would  ride  back  along  the  column  with  anxious  looks  and  would 
.speak  earnestly  to  some  commander  of  a  regiment  or  battery 
and  then  move  to  the  front  again;  but  little  did  we  know,  as 
did  that  brave  old  soldier,  of  the  great  disaster  of  the  day  before, 
and  how  anxiously  Grant  was  looking  for  his  division.  Some 
of  the  infantry  regiments  had  thrown  their  knapsacks  down, 
making  a  forced  inarch.  When  night  came  on  Ave  did  not 
halt,  but  marched  on  in  the  darkness,  and  the  further  we 
marched,  the  worse  the  roads  became.  Teams  were  becoming 
exhausted,  wagon  tongues,  single  trees,  and  double  trees  were 
breaking,  and  here  and  there  we  would  pass  a  wagon  piled  up 
just  in  the  edge  of  the  woods,  so  the  columns  could  pass,  with 
mules  unhitched  eating,  and  drivers  trying  to  repair  their  wagons 
by  the  light  of  a  little  carnp-flre,  or  improvising  a  pole  for  a 
wagon  tongue.  On  we  marched  over  that  narrow  road,  mud 
knee  deep,  cavalry,  infantry,  artillery,  wagons,  ambulances,  all 
floundering  through  the  mud  that  inky  dark  night,  and  we  could 
scarcely  distinguish  a  white  wragon  cover,  mule  drivers  yelling 
and  swearing,  Quartermasters  striving  to  keep  their  trains  closed 
up,  and  officers  urging  the  men  forward. 

About  midnight  a  terrible  rain  storm  came  up,  and  the 
lightning  flashed,  the  thunder  roared,  and  it  seemed  that  the 
artillery  of  the  heavens  were  vieing  with  the  artillery  of  the 
battle-field  of  Shiloh,  which  had  been  roaring  all  day.  Still  on 
we  marched,  and  it  seemed  a  perfect  "bedlam"  until  finally  we 
halted,  and  whether  by  order  or  from  sheer  exhaustion,  is  very 
uncertain.  The  men  were  ordered  to  make  themselves  as  com 
fortable  as  they  could  in  any  way,  and  a  number  made  a  rush 
for  a  double  log  stable,  which  could  be  seen  near  the  road  by 
the  flashes  of  lightning,  and,  tieing  our  horses  to  the  logs  on 
the  outside,  climbed  up  into  the  hay-mow  —  found  no  hay,  but 
lay  down  on  the  pole  floor,  glad  to  get  out  of  the  rain/  The 
lightning  continued  in  a  perfect  blaze  until  about  daybreak, 
and  we  got  but  little  rest,  as  the  horses  were  pawing  and  snort 
ing  all  the  time,  and  this,  with  the  roar  of  the  storm,  made  it 
impossible  to  sleep.  We  were  glad  to  see  daylight  dawn  again, 
and  it  can  be  safely  said  that  this  was  one  of  the  hardest  marches 
and  one  of  the  most  disagreeable  nights  the  regiment  ever  passed 
through  in  the  service. 

We  found,  on  the  morning  of  the  eighth,  that  we  were  near 
Savannah,  and  we  marched  in  early  and  bivouacked  in  the  sub 
urbs,  and  learned  of  the  great  victory  of  the  day  before  and 
saw  many  wounded  soldiers  who  had  made  their  way  down 
from  the  battle-field.  Our  wagons  and  sick  men  were  sent  down 
to  Clifton,  a  small  town  on  the  Tennessee  Kiver  a  few  miles 


below  Savannah,  and  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  march  up 
on  the  north  side  of  the  river  to  Pittsburg  Landing,  distant  about 
eight  miles,  and  the  infantry  and  artillery  of  Thomas'  division 
were  taken  up  on  the  transports. 

The  rain  had  been  so  heavy  that  the  streams  were  very 
much  swollen,  and  the  flat  country  along  the  river  was  covered 
with  water. 

We  came  to  one  stream  with  high  banks,  the  current  running 
very  swift,  and  as  there  was  no  ford,  it  seemed  at  first  that  we 
could  not  make  the  crossing  at  that  point.  After  a  short  halt, 
a  few  of  the  more  venturesome  plunged  in  and  swam  their  horses 
across,  but  as  the  banks  were  steep  on  the  opposite  side,  they 
had  hard  work  getting  up,  and  there  was  great  danger  of  the 
horses  falling  back  and  injuring  or  drowning  their  riders.  A 
rude  foot  bridge  was  found  a  short  distance  down  the  stream, 
and  it  was  decided  to  let  the  horses  swim  across  without  their 
riders.  Bridle  reins  were  tied  up,  and  carbines  taken  off  the 
saddles,  the  column  was  led  by  two  or  three  reckless  fellows, 
and  the  other  horses  w^ere  urged  over  the  bank  as  rapidly  as 
possible,  and  soon  a  column  of  riderless  horses  were  swimming 
the  stream,  following  each  other  like  a  flock  of  sheep,  and  the 
men  crossed  rapidly  on  the  foot  bridge,  caught  their  horses 
on  the  other  side,  and  in  this  manner  the  stream  was  safely 
forded. 

That  night  we  went  into  camp  on  the  north  side  of  the  river, 
immediately  opposite  Pittsburg  Landing,  right  on  the  river  bank 
and  only  a  few  yards  from  the  gun  boats,  Tyler  and  Lexington, 
anchored  on  the  north  side,  with  their  black-mouthed  guns  glar 
ing  out  from  the  port-holes.  Our  camp  was  in  an  old  cane-field, 
without  any  tents,  as  they  were  all  with  the  wagon  trains.  The 
sky  had  cleared  up  during  the  day,  and  the  sun  came  out  warm 
and  everything  seemed  favorable  for  a  good  night's  rest.  Most 
of  the  men  made  their  beds  in  the  old  furrows  of  the  plowed 
field,  first  gathering  and  throwing  down  some  old  cane  stocks. 
During  the  night  another  rain  storm  came  up,  and  it  poured 
down  in  torrents.  The  furrows  were  soon  flooded,  the  men  com 
pletely  soaked,  and  for  the  balance  of  the  night  all  they  could 
do  was  to  stand  or  sit  against  the  trees  along  the  river  bank. 

The  next  morning,  the  ninth,  we  were  a  well  drenched  and 
sorry-looking  set,  and  how  we  envied  the  gun-boat  boys  as  they 
came  out  on  the  decks  in  their  neat,  clean,  jaunty  uniforms  and 
polished  shoes! 

During  the  forenoon  we  boarded  the  transports  and  were 
transferred  across  the  river  to  Pittsburg  Landing,  which  con 
sisted  of  two  or  three  old  houses,  of  which  one  was  log,  and  it 
was  simply  a  landing  for  loading  cotton,  and  the  high  bank 
was  cut  down  to  an  easy  incline,  and  as  soon  as  the  regiment 
commenced  landing,  we  could  begin  to  see  some  of  the  effects 


—38— 

of  the  battle  of  the  two  previous  days.  Wounded  aiid  dead  men 
were  lying  along  the  bank,  and  some  of  them  almost  to  the  edge 
of  the  water,  just  as  they  had  been  carried  down  with  hundreds 
of  the  other  wounded  to  be  loaded  on  the  hospital  boats,  and 
many  had  died  of  their  wounds  before  they  could  be  transferred 
to  the  boats.  Around  the  landing  there  was  a  broad  plateau, 
clear  and  bare,  of  several  acres,  and  here  stood  a  few  pieces 
of  artillery  with  blackened  muzzles  toward  the  battle-field,  where 
they  had  been  belching  forth  shot  and  shell  for  two  days.  It 
was  a  busy  scene  around  the  landing,  many  transports  and  hos 
pital  boats  were  in  the  river,  thousands  of  rations  and  tons  of 
supplies  were  being  unloaded  from  the  boats,  and  loaded  into 
the  hundreds  of  wragons  from  the  front.  Ambulances  were  still 
bringing  in  the  wounded,  wagons  were  hauling  in  the  dead, 
and  they  were  being  piled  up  like  cord  wood  beside  the  long 
trenches  being  dug,  in  which  they  were  to  be  buried  in  their 
coats  of  blue,  many  of  them  not  even  wrapped  in  their  army 
blankets.  Such  was  the  scene  that  greeted  us  as  we  marched 
across  the  plateau  at  Pittsburg  Lauding  that  April  day  in  1862, 
the  first,  and  it  may  be  truly  said,  one  of  the  worst  battle-fields 
we  saw  during  the  war,  as  the  rear  of  any  nrmv  after  a  battle 
always  looks  demoralized  and  has  all  the  sickening  and  depress 
ing  scenes. 

As  we  moved  out  a  few  hundred  yards  to  the  edge  of  the 
timber,  we  began  to  see  the  effects  of  the  shells  from  the  gun 
boats  and  batteries.  Limbs  from  the  trees,  in  some  instances 
a  foot  or  more  in  diameter,  were  cut  off,  some  low  down  and 
others  in  the  tops  of  the  trees,  while  the  bodies  of  the  large  trees 
were  pierced  with  solid  shot,  and  some  of  them  split  and  torn 
and  almost  ready  to  fall.  Broken  guns,  carriages,  caissons  and 
wheels  were  scattered  thick,  and  on  every  side  could  be  seen 
the  results  of  the  carnage  and  wreck  of  battle. 

The  regiment  marched  out  about  a  mile  and  bivouacked, 
as  we  had  no  tents,  and  out  that  distance  it  was  a  regular  sea 
of  mud.  Teams  made  no  pretense  of  following  a  road,  as  there 
was  no  road  to  be  seen,  and  a  team  of  four  horses  hitched  to 
a  caisson  loaded  with  one  bale  of  hay,  weighing  from  three  to 
four  hundred  pounds,  would  sometimes  mire  down  and  stick  fast. 

Dead  horses  were  to  be  seen  everywhere,  swollen  up  and 
giving  out  a  terrible  stench,  as  the  sun  was  coming  down  hot, 
and  as  the  ground  was  wet,  wherever  the  ground  was  cleared 
a  hot  and  sickening  steam  was  rising.  All  the  water  we  had 
for  drinking  and  cooking  was  from  the  ravines,  Bullies  and  rivu- 
lets,^all  being  fed  by  water  from  the  ground  covered  by  dead 
soldiers,  mules  and  horses. 

We  bivouacked  on  the  battle-field  until  the  seventeenth  of 
April,  under  those  conditions,  before  our  tents  arrived,  as  wo 
had  not.  soon  them  since  the  sixth,  and  tli<>ro  vrn.s  not  twenty- 


—39— 

four  hours  passed  during  those  twelve  days  but  that  there  was 
a  soaking  rain,  and  our  blankets  and  clothing  were  never  dry. 

We  kept  big  fires  of  logs  burning  almost  continuously  to 
dry  our  clothing,  blankets  and  equipments,  and  devised  all  kinds 
of  plans  to  keep  our  blankets  up  off  the  wet  ground,  and  to  keep 
our  arms  and  ammunition  dry.  Many  of  the  soldiers  cut  poles 
with  their  hatchets  about  ten  or  twelve  feet  long,  and  put  about 
three  of  them  together,  one  end  of  them  on  a  log  and  the  other 
on  the  ground.  On  these  poles  they  wrould  first  lay  their  saddle 
blankets,  and  then  their  sleeping  blankets,  and  if  it  was  not  too 
cold  their  overcoats,  and  at  the  head  of  the  bed,  next  to  the 
log,  lay  their  carbines,  sabers,  revolvers,  cross-wise,  and  then 
the  ammunition,  and  on  top  of  this  their  saddles  for  a  pillow, 
and,  as  is  well  known,  a  cavalry  saddle  is  a  wooden  tree  cov 
ered  with  raw  hide,  so  it  is  not  a  very  downy  pillow.  His  bed 
was  soon  all  ready,  and,  lying  down  and  covering  himself  with 
his  rubber  blanket  or  talma,  he  was  ready  for  the  rain,  and  if 
he  was  a  six-footer,  he  had  to  keep  himself  pretty  well  curled 
up  or  his  feet  or  head  would  be  out  in  the  rain. 

One  of  the  first  things  a  soldier  must  learn  is  to  take  care  of 
himself,  make  the  best  of  everything  and  no  grumbling,  and, 
as  the  "Yankees"  say,  "be  shifty." 

During  the  two  weeks  we  were  on  the  battle-field  in  rainy 
and  miserable  weather,  without  our  tents,  the  soldier  learned 
many  things  about  caring  for  himself  that  was  of  good  service 
to  him  throughout  the  war. 

The  first  few  days  the  members  of  the  regiment  put  in  much 
of  the  time  in  looking  over  the  battle-field,  and  as  there  were 
many  soldiers  yet  unburied,  they  saw,  in  some  places,  the  dead 
lying  so  near  each  other  that  they  could  step  from  one  to  the 
other.  In  a  spot  of  about  three  acres  of  cleared  ground  we 
counted  seventy  dead  rebels  who  had  been  killed  while  making 
a  charge  across  this  little  space  of  ground  against  a  thicket 
of  small  trees,  the  bushes  of  which  were  riddled  and  almost 
mowed  down  by  musket  balls. 

The  regiment  was  put  on  picket  duty  at  once,  and  each  day, 
as  the  line  advanced,  we  could  see  fresh  evidence  of  the  rout  and 
stampede  of  the  rebel  army,  by  the  wreck  and  debris  left  behind 
in  their  hurried  retreat.  Tents  were  here  and  there  standing 
with  hundreds  of  stands  of  small  arms  scattered  over  their 
camps,  with  flour  meal  ancl  camp  equipage.  At  one  place  was 
about  half  a  wagon  load  of  bowie  knives,  made  out  of  old  files, 
butcher  knives,  with  leather  scabbards  and  sheathes. 

About  ten  days  after  the  battle,  when  the  regiment  was 
on  picket,  some  of  the  boys  discovered  twenty-four  dead  rebels 
lying  near  together  in  two  rows,  with  feet  towards  each  other, 
and  a  space  of  a  yard  or  two  between,  as  if  they  had  been  in 
a  hospital  tent  and  died  of  their  wounds,  and  then  the  tent 


—40— 

had  been  removed.  Some  of  them  had  haversacks  and  others 
canteens  strung  across  their  shoulders,  and  they  were  swollen 
and  their  faces  blackened  beyond  recognition. 

Word  was  sent  back  to  the  camps  and  a  detail  of  infantry 
was  sent  out  to  bury  them,  which  was  certainly  a  very  disagree 
able  duty. 


CO.  F. 


Co.  II. 


^BK^^H 

Bfl 


Ser«''t.  I,.  F.  Knoderev. 


Ueu't.  Robt.  Join 


Ser.u't.  Daniel  X.  ]!.  l-'.van 


-'t.  |.  W.  Chapiii. 


CO.  K. 


Maj.  J.  S.  Dollinger.  Serg't.  Maj.  Carter  M. 


HI 


Corp.  A.  A.  Hill. 


\V.  I,.  IIov. 


l^icu't.  Sa;n  Putnam. 


Battle  of  Pittsburg  Landing,  or  Shiloh. 


April  6  and  7,  1862. 

The  First  Ohio  Cavalry  was  not  under  fire  in  the  battle 
of  Pittsburg  Landing,  yet  it  was  a  part  of  the  army  of  Ohio 
which,  under  General  Buell,  contributed  very  largely  to  the  vic 
tory  of  our  army  in  the  second  day's  battle,  and  the  members 
of  the  regiment  take  a  just  pride  in  that  fact. 

The  regiment  occupied  the  field  the  day  after  the  battle 
and  was  actively  engaged  with  the  advance  of  the  army  during 
the  siege  of  Corinth  from  April  8  until  May  30,  the  date  of  the 
evacuation  of  that  stronghold.  For  that  reason  I  have  thought 
best  to  publish  some  extracts  from  the  pens  of  prominent  com 
manders  of  both  the  Union  and  Confederate  army,  as  it  will 
be  a  subject  of  interest  to  every  soldier  wrho  participated  in 
that  campaign.  It  is  not  unjust  to  any  commander;  then  let 
each  reader  study  the  history  of  that  great  battle  carefully  and 
draw  his  own  conclusions  as  to  the  much  discussed  question, 
"Was  Grant's  army  surprised  on  the  morning  of  April  6,  1862?" 

It  was  the  third  greatest  battle  of  the  war  and  was  fought 
without  rifle  pit,  earth  works  or  barricades  of  any  kind  —  an 
open  field  fight  between  the  flower  of  the  Northern  and  Southern 
armies. 

The  rebel  army,  under  Johnson,  had  49,444  men  with  twenty 
batteries  of  artillery,  making  about  eighty  pieces,  while  Grant 
in  the  first  day's  battle  had  37,335  men  and  fifty  pieces  of  artil 
lery.  In  the  second  day's  fight  General  Lew  Wallace  came  up 
with  his  division  of  7,564  men  and  twelve  pieces  of  artillery,  and 
Buell  arrived  with  the  army  of  Ohio,  with  about  20,000,  mak 
ing  a  grand  total  in  both  armies  of  114,343  soldiers  who  took 
part  in  the  battle,  making  258  organizations,  and  the  losses 
aggregated  nearly  30,000. 

In  the  National  Cemetery  at  Pittsburg  Landing  there  are 
buried  nearly  4,000  Union  Soldiers,  and  on  the  battle-field  4,000 


Confederate  soldiers  are  buried;  besides  these,  many  of  the 
dead  of  both  armies  were  taken  north  and  south  by  their  friends 
and  buried  at  home.  No  great  battle  of  the  war  has  been  so 
much  discussed  as  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  the  great  question  being. 
Was  Grant's  army  surprised,  and  would  his  army  have  been 
defeated  and  driven  into  the  Tennessee  River,  had  it  not  been 
for  the  timely  arrival  of  the  Army  of  Ohio,  commanded  by  Gen 
eral  Buell,  on  the  evening  of  the  first  day's  battle? 

Whether  or  not  it  was  a  surprise,  it  is  not  the  province 
of  the  writer  of  a  regimental  history  to  discuss.  A  historian> 
in  writing  of  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  says:  "We  cannot  find  infalli 
bility  in  mortal  man,  to  err  is  human."  4'Our  Generals  were  then 
struggling  with  the  theories  of  war,  and  it  was  necessary,  as 
it  now  seems,  at  Shiloh  to  go  through  the  red  hot,  boiling,  seeth 
ing  caldron  of  disaster,  which  would  be  such  a  bitter  experience 
that  forever  after  no  enemy  caught  them  napping." 

Johnson's  line  of  battle  was  formed  one  and  one-half  miles 
in  front  of  Sherman's  camp  at  3  o'clock  Saturday  afternoon, 
April  5,  1862,  and  the  attack  would  have  been  made  that  even 
ing,  but  Bragg's  corps  did  not  get  into  position  until  6  o'clock. 
About  this  time  Sherman  was  sending  dispatches  to  Grant,  in 
which  he  said,  "All  is  quiet  along  my  lines,  I  do  not  apprehend 
anything  like  an  attack  upon  our  position."  The  army  did 
not  seem  to  have  any  thought  of  danger  at  that  time,  yet  the 
whole  Confederate  army  was  in  line  of  battle  only  a  mile  and 
one-half  in  front  of  our  camps  at  6  o'clock  Saturday  evening, 
and  at  5  o'clock  the  next  morning  the  battle  was  opened. 

An  officer  who  was  on  the  field  all  day  and  saw  Grant, 
writes  thus  of  the  battle:.  "No  great  battle  was  fought  under 
such  peculiar  circumstances,  no  battle  ever  had  so  much  history, 
and  of  no  battle  was  so  little  truth  known  after  it  was  over." 
"All  was  ignorance  before  the  battle;  all  was  confusion  during 
the  battle;  all  was  conjecture  and  rumor  after  the  battle." 

The  bone  of  contention  has  been  not  only  as  to  the  surprise 
at  Shiloh,  but  also  whether  Grant  gave  full  credit  to  the  Army 
of  Ohio,  commanded  by  General  Buell,  for  the  victory  in  the 
last  day's  battle. 

The  following  communications  from  Buell  to  Grant  a  few 
days  before  the  battle  show  how  Buell  was  making  every  effort 
to  reach  Savannah  before  Grant's  army  was  attacked. 

(Series  I,  Volume  10,  Part  '2,  Page  70.) 

Camp  near  Columbia.  Tenn..  via  Nashville. 

March  27,  1M32,  0  A.  M. 
Major-General  Halleck : 

I  arrived  here  yesterday.  The  progress  of  the  bridge  over 
Duck  River  has  been  much  slower  than  I  expected,  but  the  diffi 
culties  have  been  greater  than  I  supposed.  I  find  that  the  bridge 


—43— 

cannot  be  ready  for  crossing  until  Monday.  I  shall  then  move 
rapidly  forward.  My  messenger  returned  last  night  from  Gen 
eral  Grant  with  a  communication  dated  the  twenty-fourth  and 
verbal  information  that  he  is  cutting  a  road.  No  information 
of  interest. 

D.  C.  BUELL,  Major-General. 

(Series  I,  Volume  10,  Part  2,  Page  91.) 

Camp  Three  Miles  West  of  Waynesborough, 

4;  4,  18(52 
General  Grant,  Savannah: 

I  shall  be  in  Savannah  myself  to-morrow  with  one,  per 
haps  two,  divisions.  Can  1  meet  you  there?  Have  you  any 
information  for  me  that  should  affect  my  movements?  What 
of  your  enemy  and  your  relative  positions;  what  force  at  Flor 
ence  or  Corinth?  We  will  require  forage  as  soon  as  we  arrive 
and  provisions  in  two  or  three  days  after.  Has  a  steamer  ar 
rived  with  a  bridge  for  me? 

D.  C,  BUELL,  Commanding. 

Also  the  following  dispatch  from  Grant  to  Halleck  is  of 
interest : 

(Series  I,  Volume  10,  Part  2,  Page  67.) 

Savannah,  March  26,  1862(  via  Paducah,  3,  27). 
Major-General  H.  W.  Halleck,  St.  Louis,  Mo.: 

My  scouts  are  just  in  with  a  lettev  from  General  Buell.  The 
three  divisions  coming  this  way  are  yet  on  the  east  side  of  Duck 
River,  detained  bridge  building.  Rebel  cavalry  are  scattered 
through  from  here  to  Xashville  gathering  supplies.  Through 
citizens  I  learn  that  a  large  quantity  of  pork  for  the  Southern 
army  is  in  store  forty  miles  below  here.  I  have  boat  and  detail 
now  getting  it.  Xo  news  from  Corinth. 

U.  S.  GRANT,  Major-General. 

The  following  extract  from  the  reports  of  General  Grant 
shows  that  at  that  time  he  appreciated  very  highly  the  efficient 
service  of  the  Army  of  the  Ohio,  whatever  may  have  been  written 
or  said  by  him  since  the  war. 

(Series  I,  Volume  10,  Part  1,  Page  108.) 

Reports  of  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant,  U.  S.  Army,  commanding  Army 

of  the  Tennessee. 

Pittsburg,  April  7,  1862. 

Yesterday  the  rebels  attacked  us  here  with  an  overwhelm 
ing  force,  driving  our  troops  in  from  their  advance  position  to 
near  the  Landing,  General  Wallace  was  immediately  ordered 
up  from  Crump's  Landing,  and  in  the  evening  one  division  of 


—44— 

General  BuelFs  army  and  General  Buell  in  person  arrived.  Dur 
ing  the  night  one  other  division  arrived,  and  still  another  to-day. 
This  morning,  at  the  break  of  day,  I  ordered  an  attack,  which 
resulted  in  a  fight  which  continued  until  late  this  afternoon, 
with  severe  loss  on  both  sides,  but  a  complete  repulse  of  the 
enemy.  I  shall  follow  to-inorrow  far  enough  to  see  that  no 
immediate  renewal  of  an  attack  is  contemplated. 

U.  S.  GRANT,  Major-General. 
Major-General  II.  W.  Halleck,  St.  Louis  Mo. 

Pittsburg,  Tenn.  (via  Savannah),  April  8,  1862. 
Enemy  badly  routed  and  fleeing  towards  Corinth.    Our  cav 
alry,  supported  by  infantry,  are  now  pursuing  him,  with  instruc 
tions  to  pursue  to  the  swampy  grounds  near  Pea  Ridge.    I  want 
transports  here  for  our  wounded. 

U.  S.  GRANT. 

(Series  I,  Volume  10,  Part  1,  Pages  108,  109,  110,  111.) 
Extract  from  report  of  U.   S.  Grant. 

Pittsburg,  Tenn.,  April  8,  1862. 

Captain :  —  It  becomes  my  duty  again  to  report  another 
battle  fought  between  two  great  armies,  one  contending  for  the 
maintenance  of  the  best  Government  ever  devised,  the  other 
for  its  destruction.  It  is  pleasant  to  record  the  success  of  the 
army  contending  for  the  former  principle. 

On  Sunday  morning  our  pickets  were  attacked  and  driven 
in  by  the  enemy.  Immediately  the  five  divisions  stationed  at 
this  place  were  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle,  ready  to  meet  them. 
The  battle  soon  waxed  warm  on  the  left  and  centre,  varying 
at  times  to  all  parts  of  the  line.  The  most  continuous  firing  of 
musketry  and  artillery  ever  heard  on  this  continent  was  kept  up 
until  night-fall,  the  enemy  having  forced  the  entire  line  to  fall 
back  nearly  half  way  from  their  camps  to  the  Landing. 

At  a  late  hour  in  the  afternoon  a  desperate  attempt  was 
made  by  the  enemy  to  turn  our  left  and  get  possession  of  the 
Landing,  transports,  etc.  This  point  was  guarded  by  the  gun 
boats  Tyler  and  Lexington,  Captains  Gwin  and  Shirk,  U.  S.  Navy, 
commanding,  four  20-pounder  Parrot  guns  and  battery  of  rifled 
guns.  As  there  is  a  deep  and  impassable  ravine  for  artillery  or 
cavalry,  and  very  difficult  for  infantry,  at  this  point,  no  troops 
were  stationed  here,  except  the  necessary  artilleries  and  a  small 
infantry  force  for  their  support.  Just  at  this  moment  the 
advance  of  Major-General  Buell's  column  (a  part  of  the  division 
under  General  Nelson)  arrived,  the  two  Generals  named  both 
being  present.  An  advance  was  immediately  made  upon  the 
point  of  attack  and  the  enemy  soon  driven  back.  In  this  repulse 
much  is  due  to  the  presence  of  the  gun-boats  Tyler  and  Lexing 
ton,  and  their  able  commanders,  Captains  Gwin  and  Shirk. 


—45— 

During  the  night  the  divisions  under  Generals  Crittenden 
and  McGook  arrived.  General  Lewis  Wallace,  at  Crump's  Land 
ing,  six  miles  below,  was  ordered  at  an  early  hour  in  the  morning 
to  hold  his  division  in  readiness  to  be  moved  in  any  direction 
to  which  it  might  be  ordered.  At  about  11  o'clock  the  order 
was  delivered  to  move  up  to  Pittsburg,  but  owing  to  its  being 
led  a  circuitous  route  did  not  arrive  in  time  to  take  part  in 
{Sunday's  action. 

During  the  night  all  was  quiet,  and  feeling  that  a  great 
moral  advantage  would  be  gained  by  becoming  the  attacking 
party,  an  advance  was  ordered  as  soon  as  the  day  dawrned.  The 
result  was  a  gradual  repulse  of  the  enemy  at  all  parts  of  the 
line  from  morning  until  probably  5  o'clock  in  the  afternoon, 
when  it  became  evident  the  enemy  was  retreating.  Before  the 
close  of  the  action  the  advance  of  General  T.  J.  Wood's  division 
arrived  in  time  to  take  part  in  the  action. 

My  force  was  too  much  fatigued  from  two  days'  hard  fight 
ing  and  exposure  in  the  open  air  to  a  drenching  rain  during 
the  intervening  night  to  pursue  immediately. 

Night  closed  in  cloudy  and  with  heavy  rain,  making  the 
roads  impracticable  for  artillery  by  the  next  morning.  General 
Sherman,  however,  followed  the  enemy,  finding  that  the  main 
part  of  the  army  had  retreated  in  good  order. 

Hospitals  of  the  enemy's  wounded  were  found  all  along 
the  road  as  far  as  pursuit  was  made.  Dead  bodies  of  the  enemy 
and  many  graves  were  also  found. 

General  Buell,  coming  on  the  field  writh  a  distinct  army  long 
under  his  command,  and  which  did  such  efficient  service,  com 
manded  by  himself  in  person  on  the  field,  will  be  much  better 
able  to  notice  those  of  his  command  who  particularly  distin 
guished  themselves  than  I  possibly  can. 

The  country  will  have  to  mourn  the  loss  of  many  brave 
men  w^ho  fell  at  the  battle  of  Pittsburg,  or  Shiloh,  more  prop 
erly.  The  exact  loss  in  killed  and  wounded  will  be  known  in 
a  day  or  two.  At  present  I  can  only  give  it  approximately  at 
1,500  killed  and  3,500  wounded. 

The  loss  of  artillery  was  great,  many  pieces  being  disabled 
by  the  enemy's  shots  and  some  losing  all  their  horses  and  many 
men.  There  were  probably  not  less  than  200  horses  killed. 

The  loss  of  the  enemy  in  killed  and  left  upon  the  field 
was  greater  than  ours.  In  wounded  the  estimate  cannot  be 
made,  as  many  of  them  must  have  been  sent  back  to  Corinth  and 
other  points.  The  enemy  suffered  terribly  from  demoralization. 

(Series  I,  Volume  10,  Part  1,  Pages  111  and  112.) 

General  Orders  No.  34. 

ITead quarters  District  of  West  Tennessee, 

Pittsburg,  April   8,   18G2. 
The  General  commanding  congratulates  the  troops  who  so 


—46— 

gallantly  maintained,  repulsed  and  routed  a  numerically  superior 
force  of  the  enemy,  composed  of  the  flower  of  the  Southern 
army,  commanded  by  their  ablest  Generals,  and  fought  by  them 
with  all  the  desperation  of  despair. 

In  numbers  engaged,  no  such  contest  ever  took  place  on 
this  continent;  in  importance  of  results,  but  few  such  have 
taken  place  in  the  history  of  the  world. 

Whilst  congratulating  the  brave  and  gallant  soldiers,  it 
becomes  the  duty  of  the  General  commanding  to  make  special 
notice  of  the  brave  wounded  and  those  killed  upon  the  field. 
Whilst  they  leave  friends  and  relatives  to  mourn  their  loss,  they 
have  won  a  nation's  gratitude  and  undying  laurels,  not  to  be 
forgotten  by  future  generations,  wTho  will  enjoy  the  blessings 
of  the  best  government  the  sun  ever  shone  upon,  preserved  by 
their  valor. 

By  order  of  Major-General  U.  S.  Grant: 

JOHN  A.  RAWLINS,  Asst.  Adjutant-General. 

Gen.  Alfred  Roman,  in  his  history  of  "The  Military  Opera 
tions  of  General  Beauregard,  during  the  War,"  writes  very  en 
tertainingly,  and  the  following  extracts  from  his  history  give 
a  view  of  the  beginning  of  the  battle  of  Shiloh  from  the  Confed 
erate  side.  He  says: 

"Our  forces  could  not  get  into  position  for  battle  until  late 
on  the  afternoon  of  the  fifth  —  too  late  to  commence  the  action 
on  that  day.  As  soon  as  it  had  become  evident  that  the  day 
was  too  far  advanced  for  a  decisive  engagement,  General  Johns 
ton  called  the  corps  and  reserve  commanders  together  in  an 
informal  council,  on  the  roadway,  near  his  temporary  headquar 
ters,  within  less  than  two  miles  of  those  of  General  Sherman, 
at  the  Shiloh  meeting-house.  Our  plan  of  operations  had  been 
foiled  by  the  tardiness  of  our  troops  in  starting  from  Corinth, 
followed  by  such  delayed  and  noisy  demonstrations  on  the 
march,  that  a  surprise,  which  was  the 'basis  of  his  plan,  was  now 
scarcely  to  be  hoped  for;  that  ample  notice  of  our  proximity  for 
an  aggressive  movement  must  have  been  given  through  the" con 
flict  of  our  cavalry,  on  the  preceding  day,  with  the  enemy's 
reconnoitering  force,  and  the  prolongation  of  our  presence 'in 
front  of  their  positions  before  the  hour  for  battle,  next  morning; 
that  the  Federal  army  would,  no  doubt,  be  found  intrenched  to 
the  eyes,  and  ready  for  our  attack.  We  knew  from  the  careful 
examination  of  Colonel  Crocket,  the  Federal  officer  captured  on 
the  fourth,  that  up  to  the  evening  of  that  day  there  were  no 
jrc-nst  works;  but  the  several  warnings  oiven  by  the  conflict 
m  which  he  was  captured,  the  noisy  incidents  of  the  next  dav's 
irch  and  reconnoisance,  and  our  presence  in  full  force  on  the 

for  fifteen  hours  before  the  attack,  were  facts  which  forced 

Beauregard  to  believe  the  Federals  would  surelv  use 

the-  ample  time  they  had,  during  that  night,  to  throw  up  intrench- 


—47— 

ments  sufficient  for  the  repulse  of  our  raw  troops." 

"Our  forces,  as  they  had  arrived  on  the  afternoon  of  the 
fifth,  at  the  intersection  of  the  Griersford  (Lick  Creek)  and  Ridge 
Roads,  from  Corinth  to  Pittsburg,  less  than  two  miles  from  the 
Shiloh  meeting-house,  were  formed  into  three  lines  of  battle; 
the  first,  under  General  Hardee,  extended  from  near  Owl  Creek, 
on  the  left,  to  near  Lick  Creek,  on  the  right,  a  distance  of  less 
than  three  miles,  and  somewhat  oblique  to  the  Federal  front 
line  of  encampments,  being  separated  from  it,  on  the  right, 
by  about  one  and  a  half  miles,  and  on  the  left,  about  two  miles. 
General  Hardee's  command  not  being  sufficiently  strong  to  oc 
cupy  the  whole  front,  it  was  extended  on  the  right  by  Gladden's 
brigade,  of  General  Bragg's  corps,  and  his  artillery  was  formed 
immediately  in  his  rear,  on  the  main  Pittsburg  road.  His  cav 
alry  protected  and  supported  his  flanks.  The  second  line,  about 
five  hundred  yards  in  rear  of  the  first,  was  composed  of  the  rest 
of  General  Bragg's  troops,  arranged  in  the  same  order.  General 
Polk's  corps,  formed  in  column  of  brigades,  deployed  on  the  left 
of  the  Pittsburg  road,  between  the  latter  and  Owl  Creek.  The 
front  of  the  column  was  about  eight  hundred  yards  in  rear  of 
the  center  of  General  Bragg's  left  wing,  and  each  brigade  was 
followed  immediately  by  its  battery." 

"General  Folk's  cavalry  supported  and  protected  his  left 
flank.  Breckenridge's  command  occupied  a  corresponding  posi 
tion  behind  General  Bragg's  right  wing,  between  the  Pittsburg 
road  and  Lick  Creek.  His  cavalry  protected  and  supported  his 
right  flank.  The  two  latter  commands  constituted  the  reserve, 
and  were  to  support  the  front  lines  of  battle  by  being  deployed, 
wThen  required  on  the  right  and  left  of  the  Pittsburg  road,  or 
otherwise,  according  to  exigencies." 

"Our  pickets  had  been  thrown  out  w^ell  in  advance  of  our 
first  line  of  battle,  not  far  from  the  enemy's  position,  without 
seeing  or  discovering  any  of  his  pickets  or  outposts.  Such  an 
oversight  on  the  part  of  the  Federal  commanders  is  really  unac 
countable,  unless  they  chose  to  overlook  that  important  maxim 
of  war:  'Never  despise  an  enemy,  however  weak  and  insignifi 
cant  he  may  appear.' ' 

"So  near  to  each  other  were  the  opposing  forces,  that,  hear 
ing  a  loud  beating  of  drums  about  the  hour  of  tattoo,  and  believ 
ing  it  proceeded  from  our  lines,  General  Beauregard  immediately 
dispatched  a  staff  officer  with  orders  to  suppress  such  thought- 
legs  and  imprudent  sounds.  The  staff  officer  returned  shortly 
afterwards  and  reported  that  the  noise  General  Beauregard  had 
heard,  and  was  desirous  of  quieting,  came  not  from  our  troops, 
but  from  the  enemy's  encampment  in  our  front.  Later  in  the 
evening,  a  Federal  Assistant  Surgeon  and  his  orderly,  riding 
out  on  some  night  excursion,  crossed  our  picket  lines  and  were 
captured.  They  w^ere  speechless  with  astonishment  when 


brought  to  Generals  Johnston  and  Beauregard,  at  beholding  so 
large  a  force  within  striking  distance  of  their  own  camps,  where 
all  was  now  silent  and  repose,  and  where  none  suspected  the 
approaching  storm.  From  them  we  learned  that  General  Grant 
had  returned  for  the  night  to  Savannah.77 

"Before  5  o7clock  A.  M.  on  the  sixth  of  April,  General 
Hardee's  pickets,  driving  in  those  of  General  Prentiss,  encoun 
tered  some  companies  of  the  Federal  advance  guard,  and  a  desul 
tory  firing  began.77 

"Notwithstanding  the  bold  movements  of  the  Confederate 
cavalry  on  the  previous  evening,  and  the  noise  of  the  conflict 
since  dawn,  General  Sherman  remained  under  the  belief  that 
no  more  than  a  strong  demonstration  was  intended,  until  nearly 
eight  o'clock,  when,  seeing  the  Confederate  bayonets  moving 
in  the  woods  beyond  his  front,  he  'became  satisfied,  for  the  first 
time,  that  the  enemy  designed  a  determined  attack'  on  the  entire 
Federal  camp.77 


Battle  of  Pittsburg  Landing. 


Grant  in  his  Memoirs  has  this  to  say  of  Buell  and  the  Army 
of  Ohio  and  the  battle  of  Shiloh: 

"On  one  occasion  during  the  day  I  rode  back  as  far  as  the 
river  and  met  Buell,  who  had  just  arrived;  I  do  not  remember 
the  hour,  but  at  that  time  there  probably  were  as  many  as  four 
or  five  thousand  stragglers  lying  under  cover  of  the  river  bluff, 
panic-stricken,  most  of  whom  would  have  been  shot  where  they 
3ay,  without  resistance,  before  they  would  have  taken  muskets 
and  marched  to  the  front  to  protect  themselves.  This  meeting 
between  General  Buell  and  myself  was  on  the  dispatch-boat, 
used  to  run  between  the  landing  and  Savannah.  It  was  brief 
and  related  especially  to  his  getting  his  troops  over  the  river. 
As  we  left  the  boat  together,  BuelPs  attention  was  attracted 
by  the  men  lying  under  cover  of  the  river  bank.  I  saw  him 
berating  them  and  trying  to  shame  them  into  joining  their  regi 
ments,  he  even  threatened  them  with  shells  from  the  gun-boats 
near  by,  but  it  wTas  all  to  no  effect.  I  have  no  doubt  that  this 
sight  impressed  General  Buell  with  the  idea  that  a  line  of  retreat 
would  be  a  good  thing  just  then.  Before  any  of  BuelPs  troops 
had  reached  the  west  bank  of  the  Tennessee,  firing  had  almost 
entirely  ceased;  anything  like  an  attempt  on  the  part  of  the 
enemy  to  advance  had  ceased.  There  was  some  artillery  firing 
from  an  unseen  enemy,  some  of  his  shells  passing  beyond  us; 
but  I  do  not  remember  that  there  was  the  whistle  of  a  single 
musket-ball  heard.  As  his  troops  arrived  in  the  dusk,  General 
Buell  marched  several  of  his  regiments  part  way  down  the  face 
of  the  hill,  where  they  fired  briskly  for  some  minutes,  but  I 
do  not  think  a  single  man  engaged  in  this  firing  received  an 
injury. 

"Victory  was  assured  when  Wallace  arrived,  even  if  there 
had  been  no  other  support.  I  was  glad  howrever  to  see  the 
reinforcements  of  Buell  and  credit  them  with  doing  all  there 
was  for  them  to  do.  During  the  night  of  the  sixth  the  remainder 


—50— 

of  Nelson's  division,  BuelPs  army,  crossed  the  river  and  were 
ready  to  advance  in  the  morning,  forming  the  left  wing.  Two 
other  divisions,  Crittenden's  and  McCook's,  came  up  the  river 
from  Savannah  in  the  transports  and  were  on  the  west  bank 
early  on  the  seventh,  Buell  commanding  them  in  person.  We 
had  now  become  the  attacking  party,  the  enemy  was  driven 
back  all  day,  as  we  had  been  the  day  before,  until  finally  he 
beat  a  precipitate  retreat. 

"The  criticism  has  often  been  made  that  the  Union  troops 
should  have  been  intrenched  at  Shiloh.  Up  to  that  time  the 
pick  and  spade  had  been  but  little  resorted  to  at  the  West.  I 
had,  however,  taken  this  subject  under  consideration  soon  after 
reassnming  command  in  the  field,  and,  as  already  stated,  my 
only  military  engineer  reported  unfavorably.  Besides  this,  the 
troops  with  me,  officers  and  men,  needed  discipline  and  drill 
more  than  they  did  experience  with  the  pick,  shovel  and  axe. 

"The  admissions  of  the  highest  Confederate  officers  engaged 
at  Shiloh  make  the  claim  of  the  victory  for  them  absurd.  The 
victory  was  not  to  either  party  until  the  battle  was  over.  It 
was  then  a  Union  victory,  in  which  the  Armies  of  the  Tennessee 
and  the  Ohio  both  participated.  But  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee 
fought  the  entire  rebel  army  on  the  sixth  and  held  it  at  bay 
until  near  night;  the  night  alone  closed  the  conflict  and  not 
the  three  regiments  of  Nelson's  division." 

The  following  extracts  from  General  W.  T.  Sherman's 
Memoirs  will  be  of  interest: 

"I  always  acted  on  the  supposition  that  we  were  an  invading 
enemy;  that  our  purpose  was  to  move  forward  in  force,  make 
a  lodgment  on  tactics  of  Fort  Donelson,  by  separating  the  rebels 
in  the  interior  from  those  at  Memphis  and  on  the  Mississippi 
River.  We  did  not  fortify  our  camps  against  an  attack,  because 
we  had  no  orders  to  do  so  and  because  such  a  course  would  have 
made  our  raw  men  timid.  At  a  later  period  of  the  w^ar,  we 
could  have  rendered  this  position  impregnable  in  one  night,  but 
at  this  time  we  did  not  do  it,  and  it  may  be  it  is  well  we  did  not. 
But  thus  far  we  had  not  positively  detected  the  presence  of 
infantry,  for  cavalry  regiments  generally  had  two  guns  along, 
and  I  supposed  the  £uns  that  opened  on  us  on  the  evening  of 
Friday,  April  4,  belonged  to  the  cavalry  that  was  hovering  along 
our  whole  front.  On  Saturday,  April  5,  the  enemy's  cavalry 
was  again  very  bold,  coming  Well  down  to  our  front';  yet  I  did 
not  believe  they  designed  anything  but  strong  demonstration. 
On  Sunday  morning  early,  the  sixth  inst,  the  enemy  drove  our 
advance  gnnrd  back  on  the  main  body,  when  I  ordered  under 
arms  all  my  division.  About  8  A.  M.  I  saw  the  glistening  bayo 
nets  of  heavy  masses  of  infantry  to  our  left  front  in  the" woods 
beyond  the  small  stream  alluded  to,  and  became  satisfied  for 
the  first  time  that  the  enemy  designed  a  determined  attack  on 


—51— 

our  whole  camp.  The  battle  opened  by  the  enemy's  battery, 
in  the  woods  to  our  front,  throwing  shells  into  our  camp.  Here 
I  saw  for  the  first  time,  April  7,  the  w^ell  ordered  and  compact 
columns  of  General  Buell's  Kentucky  forces,  whose  soldierly 
movements  at  once  gave  confidence  to  our  newer  and  less  dis 
ciplined  men.  Here  I  saw  Willich's  regiment  advance  upon 
a  point  of  water-oaks  and  thicket,  and  behind  which  I  knew 
the  enemy  was  in  great  strength,  and  enter  it  in  beautiful  style. 
Then  arose  the  severest  musketry-fire  I  ever  heard,  and  lasted 
some  twenty  minutes.  The  enemy  had  one  battery  close  by 
Shiloh,  and  another  near  the  Hamburg  road,  both  pouring  grape 
and  canister  upon  any  column  of  troops  that  advanced  upon 
the  green  point  of  water-oaks.  Willich's  regiment  had  been 
repulsed,  but  a  whole  brigade  of  McCook's  division  advanced 
beautifully,  deployed  and  entered  this  dreaded  wood.  I  ordered 
my  second  brigade  (then  commanded  by  Colonel  T.  Kilby  Smith, 
Colonel  Stuart  being  wounded)  to  form  on  its  right,  and  my 
fourth  brigade,  Colonel  Buckland,  on  its  right,  all  to  advance 
abreast  with  this  Kentucky  brigade  before  mentioned,  which 
I  afterwards  found  to  be  Rousseau's  brigade  of  McCook's 
division. 

"I  am  ordered  by  General  Grant  to  give  personal  credit  when 
I  think  it  is  due,  and  censure  where  I  think  it  is  merited.  I 
concede  that  General  McCook's  splendid  division  from  Kentucky 
drove  back  the  enemy  along  the  Corinth  road,  which  was  the 
great  centre  of  this  field  of  battle,  where  Beauregard  commanded 
in  person,  supported  by  Bragg's,  Folk's  and  Breckenridge's  divi 
sions.  Probably  no  other  battle  of  the  war  gave  rise  to  such 
wild  and  damaging  reports.  It  was  publicly  asserted  at  the 
North  that  our  army  was  taken  by  surprise;  that  the  rebels 
caught  us  in  our  tents,  bayoneted  the  men  in  their  beds,  that 
General  Grant  was  drunk;  that  BuelPs  opportune  arrival  saved 
the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  from  utter  annihilation,  etc.  These 
reports  were  in  a  measure  sustained  by  the  published  opinions 
of  Generals  Buell,  Nelson  and  others,  who  had  reached  the  steam 
boat  landing  from  the  east,  just  before  ninht-fall  of  the  sixth, 
w^hen  there  w^as  a  large  erowTd  of  frightened,  stampeded  men,  who 
clamored  and  declared  that  our  army  was  all  destroyed  and 
beaten.  General  Grant  also  explained  to  me  that  General  Buell 
had  reached  the  bank  of  the  Tennessee  Eiver  opposite  Pittsburg 
Landing,  and  w^as  in  the  act  of  ferrying  his  troops  across  at 
the  time  he  was  speaking  to  me.  About  an  hour  afterward,  just 
before  dark,  General  Buell  himself  rode  up  to  where  I  was, 
accompanied  by  Colonels  Fry,  Michler,  and  others  of  his  staff. 
I  was  dismounted  at  the  time,  and  General  Buell  made  of  me 
a  good  many  significant  inquiries,  matters  and  things  generally. 
By  the  aid  of  a  manuscript  map  made  by  myself,  I  pointed  out 
to  him  our  positions  as  they  had  been  in  the  morning,  and  our 


2 

then  positions;  I  also  explained  to  him  that  my  right  then 
covered  the  bridge  over  Lick  Creek  by  which  we  had  all  day 
been  expecting  Lew  Wallace;  that  McClernand  was  on  my  left, 
Hurlbut  on  his  left,  and  so  on.  But  Buell  said  he  had  come 
up  from  the  landing  and  had  not  seen  our  men,  of  whose  exist 
ence  in  fact  he  seemed  to  doubt.  Buell  said  that  Nelson's, 
McCook's  and  Crittenden's  divisions  of  his  army,  containing 
eighteen  thousand  men,  could  cross  over  in  the  night,  and  be 
ready  for  next  day's  battle.  I  argued  that  with  these  reinforce 
ments  we  could  sweep  the  field.  Buell  seemed  to  mistrust  me 
and  repeatedly  said  he  did  not  like  the  looks  of  things,  espe 
cially  about  the  boat-landing,  and  I  really  feared  he  would  not 
cross  over  his  army  that  night,  lest  he  should  become  involved 
in  our  great  disaster.  Buell  did  cross  that  night,  and  the 
next  day  we  assumed  the  offensive  and  swept  the  field,  thus 
gaining  the  battle  decisively.  The  enemy  having  forced  the 
centre  line  to  fall  back  nearly  half  way  from  their  camps  to 
the  landing,  at  a  late  hour  in  the  afternoon  a  desperate  effort 
was  made  by  the  enemy  to  turn  our  left  and  get  possession  of 
the  landing,  transports,  etc.  The  point  was  guarded  by  the 
gun-boats  Tyler  and  Lexington,  Captains  Given  and  Shirk  com 
manding,  with  four  twenty-one  pounder  Parrott  guns,  and  a 
battery  of  rifled  guns.  As  there  is  a  deep,  but  impassable  ravine 
for  artillery  or  cavalry,  and  very  difficult  for  infantry  at  this 
point,  no  troops  were  stationed  here  except  necessary  artillerists 
and  a  small  infantry  force  for  their  support.  Just  at  this  moment 
the  advance  of  Major-General  Buell's  column  and  part  of  the 
division  of  General  Nelson's  arrived,  the  two  Generals  named 
both  being  present.  An  advance  was  immediately  made  upon 
the  point  of  attack,  and  the  enemy  soon  driven  back.  During 
all  of  that  day  we  fought,  and  night  found  us  a  mile  to  the  rear 
of  our  camp,  which  was  in  possession  of  the  enemy.  The  next 
day  we  regained  the  grounds  steadily  and  about  4  P.  M.  I  was 
again  on  horse-back  near  our  old  camp.  The  tents  were  still 
standing,  though  riddled  with  bullets.  At  the  picket  rope  in 
front  lay  two  of  my  horses  dead.  The  dead  bodies  of  men  in 
blue  and  gray  lay  around  thick,  side  by  side,  and  scraps  of  paper 
showed  what  was  a  fact,  that  Beauregard,  Breckenridge  and 
Bragg,  old  personal  friends,  had  slept  the  night  before  in  my 
camp,  and  had  carried  away  my  scant  bedding." 


CO.  H. 


CO.  B. 


C.  A.  Webber. 


Corp.  Samuel  Robertson.  <„).  M.  Serg't.  R.  Barto 


CO.   F. 


Tazwell  Hizey. 


CO.  B. 


Corp.  M.  B.  Kennedy. 


CO.   F, 


Corp.  P.  R.  Kgolph. 


CO.  K. 


CO.  K. 


CO.   H. 


Serg't.  T.  V.  Harper. 


D.  M.  Robbms. 


Corp   Win.  Schwartz. 


From  Pittsburg  Landing  to  Corinth. 


April  and  May,  1862. 

After  the  battle  of  Pittsburg  Landing  the  army  was  reor 
ganized  and  the  regiment  was  attached  to  the  7th  Division, 
composed  of  the  following  organizations. 

Seventh  Division  (First  Division,  Army  of  the  Ohio.) 
Brigadier  Geo.  H.  Thomas. 

First  Brigade. 
17th  Ohio, 
12th  Kentucky, 
31st  Ohio, 
38th  Ohio. 
Second  Brigade. 

4th  Kentucky, 
10th  Kentucky, 
10th  Indiana, 
14th  Ohio. 
Third  Brigade. 
2nd  Minnesota, 
9th  Ohio, 
35th  Ohio, 
18th  U.  S. 

Artillery. 

1st  Michigan,  Battery  D, 
1st  Ohio, 

4th  U.  S.  (1  battery). 
Cavalry. 
1st  Ohio. 

The  movement  of  the  army  from  Pittsburg  Landing  com 
menced  at  once  and  during  the  siege  of  Corinth  the  regiment 
was  on  duty  almost  continuously  picketing  or  scouting  until 


—54— 

Corinth  was  evacuated  by  the  enemy  on  the  night  of  May  29. 

The  country  between  the  landing  and  Corinth,  twenty  miles 
distant,  was  miserable,  and  usually  the  farms  were  small,  build 
ings  poor,  and  the  w^ater  was  very  bad,  as  the  streams  were 
small,  well  water  bitter,  and  in  some  parts  of  the  country  the 
only  water  for  use  was  from  ponds  and  swamps.  The  timber 
was  generally  small  and  scrubby,  with  a  few  acres  cleared 
around  the  houses,  and  the  whole  country  presented  a  general 
forsaken  and  forlorn  appearance,  as  the  people  had  nearly  all 
abandoned  their  homes. 

The  heavy  siege  guns  were  dragged  through  the  mud  by 
oxen,  as  many  as  ten  yoke  were  hitched  to  one  gun,  and  the 
progress  on  the  march  wTas  very  slow,  as  in  many  places  cor 
duroy  bridges  had  to  be  built  across  the  swamps  and  low  ground, 
and  until  about  the  tenth  of  May  the  whole  country  was  a  sea 
of  mud,  and  for  some  days  the  army  would  be  at  a  standstill, 
as  the  roads  were  impassable.  The  regiment  had  a  great  deal 
of  picket  duty  to  do,  and  that  too,  in  front  of  the  infantry,  and 
it  was  a  very  hard,  dangerous  service,  as  w^e  were  at  times  in 
such  close  proximity  to  the  enemy  that  the  pickets  could  not 
be  changed  during  the  night,  so  they  were  compelled  to  stand 
on  post  from  dark  till  daylight. 

Some  nights  there  would  be  a  great  deal  of  firing  on  the 
picket  lines,  and  it  was  not  an  unusual  occurrence  for  the  reserve 
to  be  called  to  horse  and  mount  a  half  dozen  times  during  the 
night. 

As  there  was  so  much  timber,  it  was  a  very  hard  place 
for  cavalry  to  operate,  and  the  reserve  wrould  lay  in  line  all 
night  holding  their  horses  ready  to  mount  at  a  moment's  notice. 
One  instance  is  recalled  of  an  alarm  on  the  picket  line  one  even 
ing  when  a  battalion  of  the  regiment  was  on  picket  not  far 
from  the  Driver  House.  The  reserve  was  stationed  at  the  forks 
in  a  road  and  the  videttes  were  thrown  out  on  the  roads  a  few 
hundred  yards  in  advance  of  the  reserve.  It  was  after  sunset, 
the  shadows  had  begun  to  growr  long,  the  relief  had  just  been 
posted,  and  everything  was  as  quiet  as  if  there  was  not  an 
armed  enemy  within  ten  miles. 

The  reserve  had  their  horses  unbridled  and  feed  sacks  out, 
and  some  of  the  men  were  making  coffee,  little  thinking  of  the 
foe  in  the  thicket. 

All  at  once  bang,  bang  cracked  the  carbines  out  on  the 
picket  line,  there  was  a  "mounting  in  hot  haste"  and  the  reserve 
was  soon  mounted,  and  drawn  up  in  line  at  an  advance  carbine. 
Hot  coffee  was  spilled,  and  there  w^as  a  general  hurry  and  excite 
ment  all  along  the  lines,  until  Scotty  went  out  to  the  front  and 
made  reconnoissance  among  the  pickets.  The  firing  soon  ceased 
and  Scotty  reported  all  "quiet  in  front,'1  and  said  as  he  rode 
back  to  the  reserve  that  he  was  "momentarily  expecting  a  volley 


from  them  as  they  had  their  carbines  at  an  advance,  before 
he  started  to  the  front/'  but  he  was  happily  disappointed. 

The  reserve  lay  in  line  all  night  holding  their  horses,  and 
there  were  several  alarms  and  some  picket  firing,  but  this  is 
only  one  instance  of  many  similar  ones  that  happened  almost 
every  night  on  some  part  of  the  line. 

During  the  siege  of  Corinth,  General  A.  J.  Smith,  an  officer 
of  the  regular  army,  was  made  chief  of  cavalry,  and  this  was 
the  first  movement  of  the  cavalry  in  this  department,  as  a  sep 
arate  and  independent  organization,  and  after  a  careful  inspec 
tion  by  the  chief,  several  expeditions  were  planned  and  executed 
by  the  cavalry  entirely  independent  of  the  infantry  arm  of  the 
service. 

The  cavalry  regiments  were  still  attached  to  and  camped 
with  the  different  infantry  divisions,  but  were  concentrated 
when  any  independent  movement  of  the  cavalry  was  contem 
plated. 

Our  first  reconnoissance  in  force  was  on  the  fifteenth  of 
April,  in  which  we  had  a  skirmish  and  a  few  of  our  men  wounded, 
and  again  on  the  eighteenth  the  rebels  made  a  reconnoissance 
and  we  were  called  out  and  lay  in  line  of  battle  all  day,  but 
no  fighting.  On  the  thirteenth  of  May  there  was  another  strong 
demonstration  by  the  cavalry  and  a  brisk  skirmish,  and  on  the 
seventeenth  of  May  all  the  cavalry  of  the  army  was  concentrated 
and  made  a  raid  on  the  extreme  right  of  the  army,  burned  a 
railroad  bridge  and  had  a  skirmish  with  the  enemy's  cavalry 
with  but  little  loss.  This  was  the  first  raid  in  which  the  regiment 
participated,  and  was  the  largest  body  of  cavalry  that  had  ever 
marched  together  in  this  department. 

From  the  tenth  of  April  until  the  evacuation  of  Corinth 
the  regiment  was  on  duty  almost  constantly,  either  on  picket 
or  scouting,  and  while  we  had  many  skirmishes,  the  losses  were 
very  small  in  action,  but  from  sicknesses  it  was  very  heavy.  On 
account  of  the  bad  water  many  of  the  men  were  taken  sick 
writh  camp  fever,  and  while  the  death  rate  was  not  so  large  in 
the  regiment,  yet  many  of  the  men  became  unfit  for  service  - 
w^ere  sent  to  hospitals,  and  large  numbers  of  them  drifted  back 
home,  and  by  the  time  the  army  entered  Corinth,  June  1,  the 
strength  of  the  regiment  was  reduced  at  least  one-half. 

Many  men  and  officers  had  been  detailed  for  escort  duty 
writh  General  Thomas,  General  T.  W.  Sherman,  General  Fry, 
General  Shoef  and  others,  and  it  seemed  that  we  had  but  a 
skeleton  of  the  thousand  sabers  with  which  we  marched  out 
of  Camp  Chase  only  six  months  before.  Almost  every  regiment 
in  that  army  had  the  same  experience,  and  it  is  safe  to  say  that 
there  was  no  two  months  during  the  balance  of  the  war  that 
so  many  men  were  placed  liorn  dc  combat  in  the  regiment  as  dur 
ing  the  months  of  April  and  May,  1862. 


-56— 

Among  those  of  the  many  who  died  on  the  campaign  was 
Lieutenant  John  M.  Kennick,  of  Company  M,  wiio  died  of  disease 
May  28.  He  was  the  first  officer  of  the  regiment  who  died,  and 
he  was  universally  respected  as  a  gentleman  of  high  character 
and  an  excellent  officer. 

On  the  night  of  May  29  the  Confederate  army  evacuated 
Corinth,  and  the  first  convincing  evidence  we  had  of  that  fact 
was  about  six  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  thirtieth  by  hearing 
the  heavy  explosions  from  the  powrder  magazines  blown  up  by 
the  retreating  army. 

We  were  called  to  horse  and,  mounting,  moved  rapidly  to 
the  left  toward  Farmington. 

Passing  through  that  village  we  moved  out  on  the  Dan 
ville  road  and  soon  struck  the  rear  guard  of  the  rebel  army, 
which  we  attacked  vigorously,  and  they  wrere  soon  retreating 
rapidly.  About  noon  we  halted,  and  after  a  brief  rest  passed 
to  the  right  and  commenced  pushing  the  rear  guard  on  another 
road,  had  a  skirmish  and  kept  picking  up  prisoners  all  the  after 
noon,  and  lay  on  our  arms  all  night  and  did  not  unsaddle  our 
horses. 

All  day  Saturday,  the  thirty-first,  we  kept  feeling  the  en 
emy's  lines  on  two  or  three  different  roads,  taking  some  pris 
oners,  and  found  the  enemy  making  stronger  resistance,  but 
drove  them  steadily  all  day. 

Late  in  the  evening  they  burned  a  bridge  across  a  small 
stream  and  masked  a  battery  on  the  other  side,  and  as  our 
advance  reached  the  bank  just  at  dark  the  battery  opened  up 
with  grape  and  cannister  and  the  first  volley  killed  several  men 
and  wounded  many  more. 

As  it  had  now  become  dark,  w^e  fell  back  out  of  the  range 
of  the  guns  and  lay  on  our  arms  in  line  of  battle,  holding  our 
horses  the  second  night.  Sunday  morning,  June  1,  our  line 
advanced,  and  one  of  our  batteries  opened  up  on  the  position 
of  ^the  masked  battery  at  the  bridge  and  soon  routed  them.  A 
bridge  was  hastily  constructed  across  the  stream  and  we  were 
soon  in  hot  pursuit,  and  during  the  day  took  a  large  number 
of  prisoners.  On  the  second  we  had  several  skirmishes  with 
the  rear  guard,  and  on  the  third  the  regiment  was  detached 
and  made  a  reconnoissance  to  Ripley,  and  at  Blackland  had  a 
sharp  engagement,  charging  the  enemy,  wounding  and  killing 
several,  taking  a  number  of  prisoners,  a  large  lot  of  small  arms, 
wagons  and  mules. 

On  the  fourth  Captain  Pattin,  with  Companies  D  and  L,  was 

on  outpost  duty  near  Booneville  with  about  fifty  men  when  a 

large  force  of  rebel  cavalry  attacked  him,  and  after  a  severe 

ffht  the  enemy  was  repulsed  with  heavy  loss,  the  loss  in  the 

First  being  ten   men  wounded. 

The  regiment  was  specially  mentioned  for  callantrv  in  these 


—57— 

two  fights  by  General  Rosecrans  and  General  Gordon  Granger 
in  their  reports  hereto  attached. 

(Series  I,  Volume  10,  Part  1,  Pages  710,  711,  712,  713.) 

Extract  from  report  of  W.  S.  Rosecrans,  Brigadier-General,  U. 

S.  A., 

Headquarters  Army  of  Mississippi,  June  28,  1862. 

About  8  P.  M.  a  messenger  came  to  me  from  the  front  with 
information  from  Brigadier-General  A.  J.  Smith,  and  thus  I 
ascertained  that  the  cavalry  was  in  advance  on  our  road,  and 
that  it  had  overtaken  a  rebel  force  up  the  Tuscumbia  four  miles 
to  the  front,  was  fighting,  and  in  some  danger  of  losing  part 
of  a  battery. 

The  rebel  rear  guard  fled  from  a  small  battery  they  had 
constructed  150  yards  north  of  the  bridge,  and,  crossing,  fired 
and  destroyed  the  bridge.  BiselPs  engineers  cut  away  the  tim 
ber  felled  to  obstruct  the  road,  and,  with  the  sharp  shooters, 
occupied  the  ground  during  the  night.  General  Smith  not  hav 
ing  been  placed  under  my  orders,  I  gave  him  the  infantry  asked 
for  and  went  into  bivouac  with  the  remaining  troops  at  11  P.  M. 

A  squadron  of  cavalry,  supported  by  a  regiment  of  infantry 
and  one  section  of  artillery,  took  the  right-hand  fork  of  that  same 
road  forward  to  a  point  on  the  bluff  overlooking  the  bottom  of 
Twenty  Mile  Creek  and  drove  in  the  enemy's  cavalry  pickets, 
and  saw  a  column  of  infantry  on  the  march  and  filing  eastwardly 
for  one  hour.  At  the  same  time  General  Smith  sent  a  cavalry 
reconnoissance  toward  Carrollville,  on  the  right  of  the  railroad, 
and  drove  in  their  cavalry  pickets  and  infantry  at  Twenty  Mile 
Creek.  Another,  by  Crockett's  encountered  their  pickets  near 
Brownlett's  Spring,  while  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  went  to  Black- 
land,  a  single  company  charging  eighty  rebel  cavalry  and  driving 
them  from  the  place. 

Colonel  Smith  deserves  special  mention  for  a  reconnoissance 
which  he  made  with  his  cavalry  —  the  First  Ohio  —  in  the  direc 
tion  of  Blackland. 

(Series  I,  Volume  10,  Part  1,  Pages  732,  733,  734.) 

Extract  of  report  of  C.  Granger,  Brigadier-General,  com 
manding  cavalry  division,  Army  of  the  Mississippi. 

Near  Corinth,  June  19,  1862. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Smith,  who  had  joined  me  at  Rienzi  with 
the  First  Ohio,  and  Colonel  Ingersoll,  with  one  battalion  of  the 
llth  Illinois,  rendered  most  valuable  assistance  in  reconnoiter- 
ing. 

June  3.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Smith,  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  with 
seven  companies,  made  a  reconnoisance  toward  Ripley.  At 
Blackland  he  encountered  the  enemy,  100  strong,  whom  he 


—58— 

charged  and  drove  in,  wounding  several,  taking  prisoners,  and 
capturing  their  animals,  wagons,  and  several  guns  dropped  by 
the  enemy  in  his  flight.  Colonel  Smith  reports  Sergeant-Major 
Scott  as  having  been  in  this  affair  particularly  distinguished 
for  coolness  and  daring. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Smith,  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  who  had  re 
ported  to  Colonel  Elliott  with  Companies  E,  I  and  M,  was  directed 
to  act  as  a  support  to  Lieutenant  Barnett's  section  of  artillery, 
which  duty  was  gallantly  done,  although  exposed  to  a  fire  from 
the  enemy.  His  position  not  being  tenable,  Colonel  Elliott 
retired  his  force  in  good  order  across  the  bridge.  His  loss  was 
two  killed,  eight  wounded  and  two  missing.  The  list  would 
have  been  largely  increased  had  not  the  enemy  fired  too  high. 
A  prisoner  reports  the  loss  in  killed  and  wrounded  of  the  enemy 
at  thirty. 

On  June  4  Captain  Pattin,  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  on  outpost 
duty  four  miles  west  of  Booneville  with  Companies  L  and  D, 
forty-eight  men,  was  attacked,  and  after  a  sharp  action  of  three- 
fourths  of  an  hour  succeeded  by  coolness  and  discipline  in  re 
pulsing  two  hundred  and  fifty  of  the  enemy's  cavalry  with  ser 
ious  loss.  Our  loss,  seven  wrounded. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Smith  and  Captain  Pattin,  First  Ohio, 
have  wrell  and  faithfully  performed  their  whole  duty  and  merit 
the  highest  consideration  from  their  General  and  their  country. 

The  regiment  was  scouting  and  reconnoitering  in  the  vicin 
ity  of  Booneville  and  Blackland  until  the  tenth  and  then  inarched 
back  through  Kienzi  and  Danville  to  writhin  five  or  six  miles 
of  Corinth. 

Colonel  T.  C.  H.  Smith  was  promoted  to  Brigadier-General 
and  assigned  duty  on  the  staff  of  General  Pope  as  Inspector- 
General. 

After  the  cavalry  fight  at  Booneville  and  Blackland  the 
First  Ohio  was  in  great  demand  and  it  seems  from  the  follow 
ing  communication  that  there  was  a  clash  of  authority  between 
Generals  Buell  and  Pope. 

(Series  I,  Volume  16,  Part  2,  Page  9.) 

BuelPs  Headquarters,  Corinth,  June  11,  1862. 
General  Halleck: 

The  First  Regiment  of  the  Ohio  Cavalry  belongs  properly 
to  Thomas'  division,  and  when  I  left  Booneville  I  directed  it 
to  come  in  with  the  division.  General  Pope  has  detained  it.  My 
cavalry  force  is  limited,  and  where  I  am  going  the  services  of 
this  regiment  are  imperatively  necessary.  The  little  cavalry 
I  now  have  in  Tennessee  is  broken  down 'by  constant  and  hard 
work.  I  request  that  the  regiment  be  bro\isht  in  and  accom 
pany  Thomas'  division. 

D.  C.  BUELL,  Major-General. 


—59— 

On  the  twelfth  of  June  the  regiment  returned  to  Corinth 
and  went  into  camp  inside  the  fortifications.  On  the  fourteenth 
Company  K  was  sent  back  to  Pittsburg  Landing  as  guard  to 
one  hundred  and  seventy  prisoners,  and  all  along  the  roads  back 
to  the  Landing  could  be  seen,  UOAV  and  then,  a  foot  or  hand  and 
arm  protruding  out  of  the  ground  of  soldiers  who  had  been 
buried,  by  digging  a  shallow  trench  along  the  roadside,  as  the 
rebel  army  retreated  after  the  battle  of  Pittsburg  Landing,  and 
they  were  only  buried  deep  enough  in  the  mud  to  hide  their 
bodies  from  sight. 

The  grounds  inside  the  fortifications  at  Corinth  were  in  a 
miserable  filthy  condition  and  many  more  men  were  added  to 
the  already  long  sick  roll,  but  under  the  supervision  of  General 
Thomas  the  camp  soon  presented  a  very  different  appearance 
for  the  better. 


From  Corinth  to  Decherd,  Tenn. 


June  and  July,  1862. 

The  regiment  remained  in  camp  at  Corinth  until  June  IT, 
and  on  that  date  took  up  the  line  of  march  east  along  the  Memphis 
and  Charleston  Kailroad  for  the  purpose  of  guarding  the  railroad 
from  the  raids  of  the  rebel  cavalry,  before  BuelFs  army  com 
menced  their  movement  to  the  east,  toward  Chattanooga. 

Companies  L  and  M  were  stationed  at  Bear  Creek  near  luka, 
Ala.,  under  command  of  Captain  T.  J.  Pattin;  Companies  B,  D, 
G  and  H  at  Tuscumbia  under  Colonel  Millikin;  Companies  E, 
F  and  K  at  Town  Creek  and  Courtland  under  Captain  Eggleston, 
and  Company  I  at  Decatur  under  Captain  Writer. 

The  whole  country  was  swarming  writh  rebel  cavalry  and 
the  different  companies  were  kept  on  the  move  almost  continu 
ously  on  outpost  duty  and  scouting  in  the  direction  of  General 
Bragg's  headquarters  at  Tupalo,  Miss.,  watching  the  movements 
of  the  enemy,  and  skirmishes  were  of  almost  daily  occurrence. 

Company  G  had  a  severe  engagement  at  Kusselville,  Ala., 
July  1,  in  which  Captain  Emery  w^as  mortally  wounded  and 
several  men  of  the  company  were  killed  and  wounded.  Captain 
Emery  was  an  efficient,  brave  officer,  and  his  loss  so  early  in 
the  war  was  a  severe  blow  to  his  company  and  the  regiment 
as  well. 

On  the  fifteenth  day  of  July  Company  I,  stationed  at  Decatur 
with  a  part  of  the  15th  Indiana  Infantry,  made  a  reconnoissance 
and  had  a  sharp  engagement  with  General  Armstrong's  brigade 
of  rebel  cavalry,  in  which  Captain  Writer,  of  Company  I,  was 
severely  wounded,  the  loss  in  Company  I  being  two  captured 
and  four  wounded. 

On  the  nineteenth  of  July  the  following  order  was  issued 
for  the  concentration  of  the  detachments  and  proposed  move 
ment  of  the  regiment. 

Extract  from  Special  Orders  of  Geo.  E.  Flynt,  Assistant 
Adjutant-General,  Tuscumbia,  Alabama,  July  19,  1802: 

VII.     The  battalion  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  Colonel  Minor 


—61— 

Millikin  commanding,  and  the  two  batteries  commanded  by  Cap 
tain  K.  Loder,  will  cross  the  Tennessee  Kiver  at  Florence  on 
Friday,  the  twenty-fifth  instant,  and  march  with  the  Third  Bri 
gade  to  Huntsville,  Ala.,  leaving  Florence  with  five  days'  rations 
and  forage,  two  days'  rations  cooked  and  carried  in  haversacks. 

VIII.  The  battalion  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  Captain  Pat- 
tin  commanding,  on  being  relieved  at  luka,  Miss.,  will  march 
with  two  days'  rations  and  forage  to  Tuscumbia,  Ala.,  and  report 
to  Colonel  Minor  Millikin. 

IX.  The   battalion   of  the   First   Ohio   Cavalry,   Captain 
Eggleston  commanding,  on  being  relieved  from   Town  Creek, 
Courtland  and  Decatur,  will  march  to  Huntsville,  Ala.,  crossing 
the  Tennessee  River  at  Decatur,  and  report  to  Colonel  Millikiii. 
Five  days'  rations  and  forage  will  be  required. 

But  the  movement  was  delayed  a  few  days  by  reason  of 
the  attack  made  by  a  brigade  of  rebel  cavalry,  commanded  by 
General  Armstrong,  on  the  garrison  at  Courtland,  July  25. 

On  the  twenty-third  day  of  July,  B.  F.  Lucas,  of  Company 
K,  wTas  carrying  a  dispatch  from  Town  Creek  to  Courtland, 
distant  about  five  miles,  and  when  about  midway  between  the 
two  posts,  at  a  point  where  the  woods  were  thick  on  either  side 
of  the  road,  he  ran  into  an  ambush  of  rebel  cavalry  waiting  to 
capture  a  wragon  train  loaded  with  supplies  going  from  Court- 
land  to  Town  Creek. 

The  rebels  were  mounted  and  concealed  in  the  woods  on 
both  sides  of  the  road,  and  w^hen  Lucas  rode  in  between  the 
lines  the  rebels  rose  up  out  of  the  brush  and  ordered  him  to 
halt.  Lucas  was  mounted  on  a  very  fine  spirited  bay  horse, 
and  he  was  a  brave  and  rather  reckless  soldier,  and  instead 
of  halting,  he  stuck  the  spurs  into  his  horse,  laid  down  on  one 
side  of  his  flying  steed,  and  made  an  effort  to  run  the  gauntlet 
of  the  gleaming  gun  barrels. 

As  the  rebel  cavalry  w^as  there  for  the  purpose  of  capturing 
the  wagon  train,  they  did  not  wish  to  fire,  and  Lucas  had  almost 
reached  the  end  of  the  line,  when  the  order  was  given  to  fire, 
a  score  of  muskets  wrere  leveled  at  him,  and  he  was  pierced  with 
six  balls  and  instantly  killed,  and  his  horse  was  riddled  with 
musket  balls. 

The  particuars  were  learned  from  a  trooper  who  wTas  riding 
a  short  distance  in  advance  of  Lucas,  who  surrendered,  was 
paroled,  and  came  into  the  lines  the  next  day. 

The  guard  with  the  wagon  train  heard  the  firing  and  halted, 
thus  saving  the  wagons  and  supplies  from  being  captured,  as 
the  rebels,  knowing  that  the  troops  at  both  posts  would  soon 
be  aroused,  beat  a  hasty  retreat.  Lucas  was  buried  with  mili 
tary  honors  at  Courtland,  just  within  bounds  of  the  camp,  on 
the  evening  of  the  twenty -third. 

Courtland  was  a  beautiful  town,  situated  about  midway  be- 


—62— 

tween  Tuscumbia  and  Decatur,  Ala.,  about  twenty-five  miles 
from  each,  on  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  railroad.  It  was  a 
lazy  little  town  of  fifteen  hundred  to  two  thousand  inhabitants, 
noted  for  the  beautiful  shade  trees  that  lined  the  streets,  and 
pretty  Southern  girls  who  would  insist  on  making  mashes  on 
must  continue  true  and  loyal  to  the  "Girl  they  left  behind  them" 
among  the  hills  and  valleys  of  the  bonny  Buckeye  state.  We 
had  been  stationed  here  from  about  the  first  of  July,  our  camp 
being  in  a  beautiful  grove,  along  a  creek,  distant  about  one- 
half  mile  from  town,  and  the  camp  was  supplied  with  water 
from  several  fine  springs  within  a  stone's  throw  from  headquar 
ters.  The  duty  of  the  detachment  was  guarding  the  railroad 
bridges  and  pickets  were  thrown  out  on  all  of  the  roads,  about 
a  mile  from  camp,  to  guard  against  a  surprise  from  the  enemy's 
cavalry  who  were  making  frequent  dashes  against  these  small 
detachments. 

Compared  with  the  campaign  of  the  siege  of  Corinth  dur 
ing  the  months  of  April  and  May  this  was  considered  a  soft 
snap,  as  rations  were  of  the  best  and  duty  light.  Our  camp 
was  on  the  plantation  of  an  old  fellow  by  the  name  of  Bynain, 
who  professed  to  be  intensely  loyal  to  the  old  flag,  and  his  corn 
fields  along  one  side  of  our  camp,  just  in  good  roasting  ears, 
were  carefully  guarded,  and  a  soldier  that  even  plucked  one 
ear  had  the  guard-house  staring  him  in  the  face,  and  visions 
of  extra  duty  —  policing  the  quarters  with  a  pine-brush  broom. 
This  was  in  the  early  days  of  the  war,  before  the  emancipation 
proclamation  and  before  any  property  had  been  confiscated,  but 
we  got  bravely  over  such  fastidious  ideas  before  another  year 
rolled  around,  and  learned,  as  Sherman  said,  "that  war  "was 
cruelty  and  we  could  not  refine  it,'7  and  required  as  well  the 
destruction  of  the  sinews  of  war  as  the  destruction  of  life. 

On  the  morning  of  July  25,  after  guard  mount,  the  weather 
being  very  warm,  the  men  were  scattered  over  the  camp  taking 
it  quiet  and  easy  and  many  of  them  sitting  in  the  shade  in 
front  of  their  tents,  or  on  the  piles  of  forage  sacks,  having  a 
game  of  old  sledge  or  poker  with  a  10  cent  ante,  while  others 
were  writing  letters  to  the  dear  ones  at  home,  or  to  their  best 
girls,  which  was  more  often  the  case,  little  dreaming  that  the 
enemy,  in  large  force,  was  rapidly  marching  and  preparing  to 
pounce  down  upon  our  little  handful  of  men  like  a  hurricane. 

Lieutenant  James  Cutler,  being  a  physician,  had  charge 
of  the  sick  at  the  post,  and  had  established  a  temporary  hospital 
over  in  the  town  in  a  brick  church,  and  he  was  making  his  usual 
morning  visit  to  the  sick,  and  I  being  next  in  rank,  had  command 
of  the  company.  Just  as  I  had  settled  down  on  my  cot  for  a 
little  rest,  as  I  was  sick  with  malaria  and  camp  fever,  Captain 
Eggleston,  commanding  Company  E,  came  running  to  mv  tent 


—63— 

in  his  shirt  sleeves  and  bare  head,  and  shouted  to  me  that  the 
rebels  were  advancing  upon  our  camp.  I  called  to  the  bugler 
to  sound  "boots  and  saddles"  and  ran  down  through  the  quar 
ters,  directing  the  men  to  saddle  their  horses  and  mount  as  rap 
idly  as  possible. 

Looking  across  the  camp  and  toward  old  Bynam's  house, 
I  saw  a  cloud  of  dust  raising  and  in  five  minutes'  time  the  advance 
of  the  rebel  column  came  down  the  road  within  three  hundred 
yards  of  our  camp  and  gave  the  rebel  yell  that  would  have  raised 
the  hair  on  the  head  of  a  Comanche  Indian. 

The  command  that  attacked  us  was  General  Armstrong's 
brigade  of  cavalry,  consisting  of  about  1700  men,  and  including 
Colonel  Roddy's  regiment,  that  had  been  recruited  in  Northern 
Alabama,  in  and  around  Courtland,  Tuscumbia  and  Decatur. 

General  Armstrong  was  an  officer  of  the  old  army  and  a 
fine-looking  soldier,  and  became  quite  a  cavalry  leader  during 
the  war. 

The  rebel  commander  attacked  our  camp  on  three  sides, 
simultaneously,  and  he  had  been  piloted  through  woods  and 
mountains  on  by-roads  by  citizens  of  the  vicinity,  who  knew 
every  cow-path  in  the  country  and  knew  the  position  of  every 
picket,  as  they  passed  in  and  out  of  the  camp  at  will.  They 
had  reached  a  position  near  our  camp  before  daybreak,  and 
when  the  picket  guard  was  relieved  in  the  morning  they  were 
in  plain  view  of  the  rebel  advance,  concealed  in  the  woods 
and  ravines,  and  passed  two  or  three  of  the  picket  posts  unob 
served,  cut  the  pickets  off  from  camp,  but  I  think  all  of  these 
pickets  made  their  escape  after  the  camp  was  attacked,  and  they 
found  themselves  cut  off  from  the  command. 

The  total  number  of  men  in  our  command  in  the  two  com 
panies  of  infantry  and  the  two  companies  of  cavalry  was  about 
one  hundred  and  sixty,  and  when  they  took  position  behind  the 
railroad  embankment,  they  made  it  lively  for  the  rebel  brigade 
for  a  short  time,  and  in  the  fight  the  rebels  lost  seventeen  killed 
and  twenty-seven  wounded;  but  the  rebels  closed  in  on  three 
sides  and  it  seemed  useless  and  hopeless  to  prolong  the  fight, 
and  Captain  Davidson,  of  the  Tenth  Kentucky  Infantry,  the 
senior  officer,  raised  the  white  flag  and  surrendered. 

When  this  was  done  our  cavalry  charged  out  through  the 
lines  and  all  escaped  but  twenty-five,  Captain  B.  B.  Eggleston 
and  Lieutenant  Alkire,  of  Company  E,  and  Lieutenant  Cutler, 
of  Company  K,  First  O.  V.  C.,  were  taken  prisoners.  The  total 
number  of  prisoners  taken  was  one  hundred  and  thirty-four, 
including  the  writer,  w^ith  all  the  wagons,  mule  teams  and  camp 
equipage.  The  prisoners  were  put  under  a  regular  guard  com 
manded  by  Major  Smith,  of  Missouri,  Provost  Marshall,  who 
proved  to  be  a  good  soldier  and  gentleman  as  well,  as  he  pro 
tected  the  prisoners  from  insult,  and  we  were  soon  traveling 


—64— 

southward  on  the  road  to  Tupalo,  Miss.,  General  Bragg's  head 
quarters.  The  first  day  we  marched  to  Moulton,  Ala.,  about 
twenty  miles  distant.  Here  the  commissioned  officers  were  sep 
arated  from  the  enlisted  men  and  went  on  south  in  ambulances 
and  wagons,  while  the  enlisted  men  had  to  "hoof  it,"  much  to 
the  disgust  of  the  prisoners  who  were  cavalrymen.  As  the 
rebels  had  no  stockades  or  prisons  in  that  part  of  the  south  that 
were  safe,  and  nothing  for  us  to  eat  excepting  green  corn,  and 
that  without  salt,  they  became  alarmed  for  fear  we  would  escape, 
and  we  were  soon  paroled. 

The  prisoners  were  sent  to  parole  camp  and  were  not  ex 
changed  until  February,  1863,  about  six  months  after  being 
captured. 

On  the  twenty-seventh  General  Thomas  dispatched  General 
Buell  from  Florence  as  follows: 

Florence,  Ala.,  July  27,  1862. 
Major-General  D.  C.  Buell: 

Telegram  to  General  Morgan  received  and  forwarded.  The 
attack  on  the  guard  at  Courtland  delayed  me  one  day,  but  shall 
be  able  to  get  the  troops  across  to-day  and  start  to-morrow 
for  Athens.  Two  battalions  First  Ohio  Cavalry  are  here  and 
one  company  at  Decatur  for  duty. 

GEO.  H.  THOMAS,  General. 

At  the  time  of  the  Courtland  fight  the  headquarters  of  the 
regiment  w^as  at  Tuscumbia,  but  on  the  twenty-sixth  the  com 
panies  at  headquarters,  under  Colonel  Millikin,  marched  east 
with  General  Thomas'  division  and  the  whole  regiment  was 
concentrated  at  Athens,  Ala.,  July  30,  and  marched  to  Decherd, 
Tenn.,  where  it  arrived  August  5* 


CO.  D. 


CO.    A. 


„»,,... 


Capt.  J.  \\'.  Kirkeudall.  Capl.  J.  A.  O.  Yeoman. 


Capt.  \\".  I,.  Curry 


CO.   G. 


Co.   I. 


n  IE? 


\ 


Capt.  IYeouard  Irwiu.  Surg.  Rudolph  Wirth. 


Capt.  J.  P.  Kea. 


CO.   K. 


CO.   K. 


Acljt.  M.  H.  Neil. 


I^ieu't.  Robert  K.  Reese. 


Campaign  From  Northern  Alabama  to  Louisville,  Ky. 


August  and  September,  1862. 

This  was  the  beginning  of  the  retrograde  movement  of  our 
army  and  the  great  race  between  Buell  and  Bragg  through  Ten 
nessee  and  Kentucky,  ending  up  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  about  the 
first  of  October.  This  proved  to  be  a  very  hard  campaign,  as 
the  weather  was  extremely  hot  and  dry,  and  both  men  and 
horses  suffered  greatly  from  heat  and  thirst.  The  air  was  filled 
with  dust  almost  to  suffocation  continuously  when  the  army 
was  moving,  water  was  very  scarce,  and  in  many  places  the 
only  water  to  be  had  for  men,  horses  and  mules  was  from  stag 
nant  ponds,  and  hundreds  of  animals  famished  on  the  march. 
The  regiment  had  very  hard  service  throughout  the  campaign, 
as  they  were  kept  continuously  on  the  move  on  courier  duty 
and  scouting,  watching  the  movements  of  the  enemy  and  harass 
ing  their  flanks. 

The  regiment  was  immediately  assigned  to  important  and 
hard  service,  as  shown  by  the  following  order  from  General 
Thomas,  who  had  determined,  after  the  murder  of  General  Bob 
McCook  by  guerillas  under  command  of  Captain  Gurley,  to  put 
a  stop  to  these  outrages. 

General  McCook  was  sick  and  riding  in  an  ambulance  in 
advance  of  his  brigade  near  New  Market,  w^hen  Gurley's  band 
of  marauders  surrounded  the  ambulance  in  a  lonely  spot  and 
deliberately  murdered  him.  McCook's  regiment,  the  9th  O.  V. 
L,  on  learning  of  his  death,  were  so  incensed  that  they  burned 
all  the  houses  and  buildings  for  miles  along  the  road.  Gurley 
was  captured  near  Huntsvile,  Ala.,  about  a  year  afterwards 
by  our  regiment  and  turned  over  to  General  Rosencrans. 

Extract  from  orders  of  James  B.  Fry,  Colonel  and  Assistant 
Adjutant-General,  Chief  of  Staff: 

Huntsville,  August  8,  1802. 

A  battalion  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  will  move  on  the  morn 
ing  of  the  tenth  instant  for  the  same  point  as  the  above,  about 


—66— 

three  or  four  miles  from  New  Market.  The  object  of  the  move 
is,  first,  to  destroy  guerillas,  and  no  pains  must  be  spared  to 
accomplish  this  object.  If  negroes  can  be  found  who  will  act 
as  guides  to  guerilla  parties  or  camps,  they  must  be  used  for 
the  purpose,  and  brought  in.  Second,  to  produce  an  effect  upon 
the  community,  by  arresting  all  men  of  bad  characters  in  the 
vicinity  where  General  McCook  was  shot,  and  let  them  see  such 
outrages  cannot  be  unnoticed.  But  do  this  in  such  a  way  that 
they  will  understand  it  is  by  authority  and  not  the  acts  of  indi 
viduals;  every  able-bodied  man  of  suspicious  character  or  sus 
picious  loyalty  or  hostility,  within  a  circuit  of  ten  miles  around 
the  place  where  McCook  was  shot,  three  miles  east  of  New 
Market,  will  be  arrested  and  brought  to  Huntsville;  and  all 
horses  fit  for  service  within  that  circuit  will  be  taken  by  the 
officer  in  command  and  brought  in  with  the  men,  receipts  being 
given  in  due  form  in  each  case  and  payment  to  be  determined 
on  hereafter. 

When  the  troops  get  together  near  New  Market  the  senior 
officer  will  take  command  and  see  that  the  orders  are  executed 
and  that  the  men  behave  in  an  orderly  and  soldierly  manner. 
As  soon  as  the  arrests  are  made,  the  companies  of  the  First 
Ohio  will  return  to  Decherd. 

Headquarters  First  Division,  District  of  Ohio, 
Decherd,  Tenn.,  August  10,  1862. 

Colonel  Minor  Millikin,  commanding  First  Ohio  Cavalry, 

Colonel:  Enclosed  please  find  orders  from  headquarters 
Army  of  Ohio  for  cavalry  expedition  in  the  direction  of  N.ew 
Market. 

Your  instructions  are  very  explicit  concerning  the  ground 
over  which  you  are  to  march.  The  General  directs  that  in  all 
matters  connected  with  the  expedition  you  carry  out  the  instruc 
tions  of  the  commanding  general. 

GEO.  E.  FLINT, 
Assistant  Adjutant-General  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

The  regiment  lay  in  camp  at  Decherd  until  August  17,  and 
on  that  date  Colonel  Millikin,  with  six  companies,  marched  to 
McMinnville^  and  the  other  four  companies,  under  command 
of  Captain  Pattin,  made  a  reconnoissance  to  Fayetteville.  On 
the  nineteenth  Lieutenant  Eea,  of  Company  I,  while  on  a  scout 
got  into  a  sharp  fight  and  he  and  six  of  his  company  were  cap 
tured  by  the  rebel  cavalry.  When  Captain  Pattiu  joined  the 
main  column  a  few  days  later,  he  and  his  battalion  were  assigned 
to  duty  at  General  Crittenden's  headquarters,  and  marched 
through  to  Louisville  with  BuelPs  army,  scouting  and  skirmish 
ing  continuously  on  the  flanks  and  in  the  advance.  Major  Laugh- 
lin  with  a  squadron  —  Companies  F  and  K  —  was  with  Shoepf  s 


—67— 

brigade  and  were  at  Altamont  and  Pelham,  and  at  the  first 
named  town  the  enemy  was  concentrated  in  strong  force  and  a 
fight  was  expected  to  take  place  at  that  point,  as  shown  by  the 
attached  order  from  General  Buell. 

Headquarters,  Decherd,  August  24,  1862,  3:30  P.  M. 
General  Thomas,   McMinnville: 

McCook  is  ordered  to  be  at  Pelham  to-night.  In  case  you 
should  hear  that  the  enemy  has  concentrated  in  superior  force 
at  Altamont,  you  must  force  yourself  through  to  Hillsborough 
to-night.  If,  on  the  other  hand,  you  have  reason  to  believe  that 
he  is  not  in  too  great  force,  push  through  and  attack  him  to 
morrow  morning. 

McCook  will  have  a  long  and  rough  road,  but  Shoepf  and 
Sill  can  be  up.  In  case  you  fail,  fall  back  on  Hillsborough  or 
Manchester.  Report  all  your  movements  by  courier.  I  shall 
be  with  Shoepf. 

D.  O.  BUELL. 

They  wrere  kept  continuously  on  the  move  doing  courier  duty 
and  scouting  through  Tennessee,  and  joined  Captain  Pattin's 
battalion  at  Bowling  Green,  Ky. 

The  first  battalion,  under  Colonel  Millikin,  was  attached  to 
General  Thomas'  headquarters  doing  escort  and  courier  duty, 
until  they  reached  Louisville,  about  the  last  of  September,  and 
some  days  in  advance  of  the  other  companies  of  the  regiment. 

The  armies  of  Buell  and  Bragg  marched  on  parallel  lines 
and  it  was  a  neck  and  neck  race  for  the  Ohio  River,  and  so  intent 
w^as  each  commander  to  reach  the  goal  first,  that  there  was 
but  little  time  for  fighting.  It  is  remarkable  that  these  two 
armies  marched  through  the  states  of  Tennessee  and  Kentucky 
and  during  a  greater  part  of  the  time  the  two  columns  were  sep 
arated  but  a  few  miles,  and  yet  during  all  of  this  campaign 
there  was  no  general  engagement. 

During  the  month  of  July  BuelFs  army  was  actively  em 
ployed  in  repairing  the  railroad  from  Nashville  to  Decatur,  Ala 
bama,  and  also  the  line  from  Nashville  to  Stevenson,  Ala.,  as 
these  were  the  two  lines  over  which  all  of  his  supplies  w^ere 
to  be  transported  in  his  proposed  advance  on  Chattanooga. 

About  the  middle  of  July  the  enemy's  cavalry,  in  the  rear 
of  BuelPs  army,  became  very  active.  Railroad  guards  were  cap 
tured  in  Tennessee  and  Kentucky,  and  Buell  was  soon  convinced 
that  his  communication  w^as  endangered  and  he  became  satis 
fied  that  Bragg  had  determined  to  assume  the  offensive.  Gen 
eral  John  Morgan  made  a  bold  dash  from  Knoxville,  Tennessee, 
w^ith  a  cavalry  force  of  fifteen  hundred  men,  announcing  that 
he  was  leading  the  advance  of  a  great  army  moving  to  liberate 
Kentucky.  General  Forrest  swept  up  from  Chattanooga  through 


—68— 

Tennessee  to  Murfreesboro,  cutting  the  railroad  and  creating 
consternation  among  the  railroad  guards;  still,  as  no  column 
of  the  enemy's  infantry  appeared,  it  was  at  first  thought  this 
was  only  a  cavalry  raid  to  cut  our  communication. 

Forrest  captured,  at  Murfreesboro,  the  9th  Michigan  In 
fantry  and  a  large  amount  of  ammunition  and  supplies,  besides 
doing  great  damage  to  the  railroad.  Morgan  swept  over  into 
Kentucky  and  dashed  up  through  Glasgow  to  Lebanon  and  cap 
tured  a  detachment  under  Colonel  A.  Y.  Johnson  at  that  place, 
and  destroyed  the  railroad  between  Louisville  and  Lexington. 

General  Buell  did  not  have  sufficient  cavalry  to  cope  with 
Forrest  and  Morgan  and  protect  his  communication,  and  about 
this  time  he  made  earnest  request  for  more  cavalry,  but  without 
avail. 

About  the  twentieth  of  August  it  was  evident  that  Bragg 
had  assumed  the  offensive;  his  army  had  passed  to  the  north 
bank  of  the  Tennessee  River,  and  Buell  abandoned  his  plan  of 
advancing  on  Chattanooga  and  prepared  to  meet  his  wily  adver 
sary. 

On  the  thirtieth  General  Buell  gave  orders  for  the  move 
ment  of  his  whole  army  to  Murfreesboro;  he  made  no  halt  here, 
but  moved  directly  on  to  Nashville.  While  at  Murfreesboro 
Buell  was  apprised  of  the  battle  between  our  forces  under  Gen 
eral  Nelson  and  the  army  of  Kirby  Smith  at  Richmond,  Ken 
tucky,  and  he  then  decided  to  make  a  rapid  march  to  Louisville, 
Kentucky.  About  the  seventh  of  September  he  left  Nashville, 
leaving  General  Thomas  in  command  with  his  own  division  and 
the  division  of  Negley  and  Palmer,  but  Thomas  was  in  a  few 
days  ordered  to  join  the  main  army  with  his  division. 

On  the  twelfth  the  head  of  Bragg's  column,  with  a  brigade 
of  cavalry  under  Scott,  tore  up  the  railroad  near  Bowling  Green, 
then  made  a  bold  dash  for  Mumfordsville,  but  were  repulsed 
by  the  garrison  in  a  two  days'  fight.  On  the  seventeenth  the 
garrison  surrendered,  after  being  surrounded  by  an  overwhelm 
ing  force  of  the  enemy.  Bragg  then  moved  eastward  and  Buell 
marched  rapidly  toward  Louisville,  and  the  last  division  reached 
that  city  September  29,  and  at  about  the  same  date  Bragg's 
army  arrived  at  Bardstowu. 

During  all  of  this  campaign  of  two  months  the  First  Ohio 
was  kept  in  continuous  hard  service  —  on  courier  duty,  scout 
ing  and  skirmishing  with  the  enemy,  as  the  enemy  had*  a  much 
stronger  cavalry  force  than  we  had. 

The  following  dispatch  from  Buell  to  Halleck  will  give  the 
situation  during  the  last  days  of  July: 

Headquarters,  Iluntsvile,  July  23,  18G2. 
General  Halleck  or  General  Thomas,  Washington,  D.  C. : 

I  cannot  err  in  repeating  to  you  the  urgent  importance  of 


—69— 

a  larger  cavalry  force  in  this  district.  The  enemy  is  throwing 
an  immense  cavalry  force  on  the  four  hundred  miles  of  railroad 
communication  upon  which  this  army  is  dependent  for  its  sup 
plies.  I  am  building  stockades  to  hold  from  thirty  to  one  hun 
dred  men  at  all  bridges,  but  such  guards,  at  least,  only  give 
security  to  certain  points  and  against  a  small  force.  There  can 
be  no  safety  without  cavalry  enough  to  pursue  the  enemy  in 
large  bodies.  Twice  already  our  roads  have  been  broken  up 
by  these  formidable  raids,  causing  great  delays  and  embarrass 
ment,  so  that  we  were  scarcely  able  to  subsist  from  day  to  day. 
I  am  concentrating  all  the  cavalry  I  can  spare,  to  operate  actively 
in  force.  I  do  not  pretend  to  know  whether  you  have  cavalry 
that  you  can  spare  elsewhere,  but  if  so,  it  can  find  abundant 
and  very  important  service  here. 

D.  C.  BUELL. 

Headquarters,  First  Division,  Army  of  Ohio, 
McMinnville,  Tenn.,  August  24,  1862. 

Major-General  Buell,  Decherd: 

A  reconnoitering  party  under  Major  Laughlin,  First  Ohio 
Cavalry,  sent  by  me  toward  Pikeville  day  before  yesterday,  has 
just  returned.  Major  Laughlin  reports  that  he  reconnoitered  (?) 
the  enemy's  advance  scouts  at  Spencer,  and  gained  reliable 
intelligence  from  one  or  two  citizens  that  a  force  of  two  or  three 
thousand  infantry  and  some  artillery  was  then  at  Pikeville, 
and  that  the  enemy  intended  advancing  on  this  place  by  two 
or  three  routes. 

G.  H.  THOMAS. 

Headquarters,  First  Division,  Army  of  Ohio, 
McMinnville,  August  28,  1862. 

Major-General  Buell,  Dechard: 

Saturday,  three  regiments  of  cavalry  wTere  at  Pikeville,  but 
fell  back  to  Eobinson  Cross  Eoads,  hearing  that  I  was  advancing 
on  that  road.  *  I  have  sent  a  brigade  of  infantry  on  the 

Murfreesboro  road  after  Forrest,  who  is  at  Woodbury  with 
something  over  one  thousand  men.  *  *  *  Please  send  the 
First  Ohio  Cavalry  here.  It  is  very  much  needed. 

G.  H.  THOMAS. 

September  13,  1862,  8  P.  M. 

Major-General  Thomas: 

*  You  must  reach  Bowling  Green  in  three  days  and 
a  half  at  most  and  will  march  directly  on  from  there.  *  *  * 
Leave  the  siege  artillery  and  most  of  the  cavalry  with  Negley. 


—70— 

Post  Negley  at  the  defensible  works  and  position  and  at  the 
capitol  and  at  the  bridge,  and  direct  him  to  leave  twenty  days' 
rations  at  each  point  for  its  garrison.  He  must  defend  his  posi 
tion  to  the  last  extremity.  *  *  *  Explain  the  urgency  of  the 
matter  to  Governor  Johnson.  If  Bragg's  army  is  defeated,  Nash 
ville  is  safe;  if  not,  it  is  lost.  FEY. 

From  the  dispatches  copied  above,  it  will  be  seen  that  the 
regiment  was  in  great  demand. 


Perry  ville  Campaign. 


From  October  1  to  November  15,  1862. 

On  arriving  at  Louisville,  General  Buell  found  a  large  force 
of  recruits  in  the  works  around  the  city,  and  he  lost  no  time 
in  commencing  reorganization  and  getting  his  army  fully 
equipped  for  a  campaign  against  the  Confederates,  now  boldly 
confronting  him  in  Kentucky.  His  army  was  organized  into 
three  corps,  and  Major-Generals  A.  Me.  D.  McCook,  T.  L.  Grit- 
tenden  and  C.  C.  Gilbert  were  assigned  to  command  the  three 
corps. 

An  order,  bearing  date  September  29,  designated  Major- 
General  Thomas  as  the  commander  of  the  Army  of  the  Ohio, 
but  Thomas  entered  an  earnest  protest  against  this  order,  and 
through  his  influence  General  Buell  was  again  assigned  to  the 
command,  and  October  1  his  army  began  their  advance  against 
General  Bragg's  army. 

The  hard  service  of  the  past  two  months,  with  scarcity  of 
water  and  forage,  had  played  sad  havoc  with  the  horses  of  the 
First  Ohio  and  new  mounts  were  very  much  needed.  Horses 
were  in  great  demand,  and  the  short  time  allowed  for  mounting 
and  equipping  the  men  was  improved  to  the  best  advantage, 
but  by  no  means  to  the  satisfaction  of  Colonel  Millikin,  as  he 
was  very  anxious  to  have  his  regiment  the  best  mounted  and 
equipped  in  the  department. 

During  the  campaign  through  Tennessee  and  Kentucky  in 
August  and  September  the  regiment  had  been  divided  up  into 
battalions,  one  commanded  by  Colonel  Millikin,  one  by  Major 
Laughlin,  and  the  other  by  Captain  Pattin,  and  the  duties,  as 
before  stated,  were  very  arduous,  as  the  different  battalions 
were  distributed  so  that  at  times  they  covered  the  whole  front 
of  BuelPs  army  and  did  not  have  a  moment's  rest. 

The  battalion  of  six  companies  commanded  by  Colonel  Mil 
likin  marched  from  Louisville  October  2,  in  advance  of  General 
Shoepf's  division,  and  on  the  third  had  a  sharp  fight  with  the 


enemy  at  Shepherdstown,  repulsing  them  and  capturing  about 
thirty  prisoners.  This  battalion  had  the  advance  on  the  Perry- 
ville  road  and  had  some  sharp  skirmishing,  driving  the  enemy 
at  every  point,  and  were  continuously  at  the  front  during  all 
of  the  maneuvering  up  to  the  battle  of  Perryville,  October  8, 
and  Colonel  Millikin  was  highly  complimented  for  his  vigorous 
and  aggressive  dashes  against  the  lines  of  the  enemy. 

Major  Laughlin\s  battalion  of  the  regiment  left  Louisville 
October  2  and  moved  out  on  the  Bardstow^n  pike,  marching 
rapidly,  and  about  ten  miles  from  Bardstown  struck  the  enemy's 
cavalry,  drove  them  back  gradually  until  within  about  a  mile 
of  Bardstown.  Here  a  regiment  of  Confederate  cavalry  drew 
the  battalion  into  an  ambuscade  at  the  fair  grounds,  by  form 
ing  their  main  line  behind  a  high,  close  board  fence  surrounding 
the  grounds.  Their  skirmishers  fell  back  slowly  and  when  they 
reached  the  grounds  the  rebels  charged  out  through  the  gates 
and  openings,  yelling  like  demons,  almost  creating  a  stampede, 
but  Major  Laughlin  soon  rallied  his  men,  making  a  furious  charge 
which  sent  the  rebel  cavalry  whirling  back  through  the  town 
with  a  loss  of  about  twenty-five  of  his  men.  He  captured  a 
number  of  prisoners,  with  a  large  amount  of  army  supplies. 
A  flag  of  truce  was  sent  into  our  line  near  Bardstown,  and  the 
escort  was  under  command  of  a  Major  Prentice,  and  at  the  time 
it  was  understood  that  he  was  the  son  of  Geo.  D.  Prentice,  editor 
of  the  Louisville  Courier  Journal  and  a  strong  Union  man.  The 
escort  was  halted  at  the  outpost  and  the  communication  was 
sent  in  to  the  commanding  officer,  Avhile  the  escort  and  the 
reserve  picket  mingled  together  in  a  very  friendly  manner,  and 
finally  some  of  the  boys  became  engaged  in  the  "vet's"  old 
reliable  game  of  "draw  poker."  Soon  the  game  became  intensely 
interesting  and  earnest,  and  George  Pearl,  of  Company  K,  and 
one  of  the  escort  got  into  a  quarrel,  hot  wrords  wrere  exchanged, 
both  men  jumped  to  their  feet,  and  had  it  not  been  for  the  inter 
ference  of  the  officers  on  both  sides,  there  might  have  been 
a  regular  melee.  The  troopers  on  both  sides  were  ordered  to 
their  horses  and  there  was  no  more  poker  playing  that  day. 
When  the  messenger  returned  and  the  escort  mounted,  a  long 
haired  Texan  Ranger  dropped  his  hat  to  the  ground,  whether 
accidentally  or  purposely,  is  not  known,  but  as  if  to  show  the 
"Yanks"  the  superior  horsemanship  of  the  Texan,  he  turned 
his  horse  quickly  about  and  attempted  to  pick  up  his  hat  with 
out  dismounting,  but  his  foot  slipped  and  off  he  fell,  much  to 
the  amusement  of  our  boys  and  chagrin  of  the  Ranger.  Ned 
Garner,  a  wild,  reckless  trooper,  of  Company  K,  as  if  in  contempt 
of  the  exhibition  made  by  the  Texan,  threw  his  hat  on  the  ground 
and,  galloping  along,  picked  it  up  easily,  and  the  escort  joined 
our  boys  in  a  loud  laugh  at  the  expense  of  the  discomfited  rebel 
trooper. 


—73— 

Poor  George  and  Ned  both  sleep  in  the  sunn}^  south  land. 
Pearl  was  killed  at  Lovejoy,  Ga.,  August  20,  1864,  after  his  time 
was  out,  and  Garner  was  taken  prisoner  at  Washington,  Tenn., 
September  30,  1863,  and  died  in  Andersonville  prison.  They 
were  both  good  soldiers  and  had  a  most  intense  hatred  and  con 
tempt  for  all  rebels,  and  when  an  opportunity  offered  expressed 
themselves  in  language  more  emphatic  than  elegant.  When 
in  a  fight,  Pearl  was  always  in  a  towering  rage,  and  with  a 
contemptuous  smile  he  would  swear  every  time  he  fired  a  shot, 
never  failing  to  take  deliberate  aim  and  was  perfectly  cool,  never 
throwing  away  a  shot. 

In  this  dash  among  the  Confederate  prisoners  captured  was 
a  Major  Moore,  of  the  12th  Alabama  Mounted  Infantry.  His 
horse  fell  and  Charley  Welch,  the  regimental  saddler,  captured 
him  and  delivered  him  over  to  Major  Pattin,  and  he  remained 
in  the  tent  with  Pattin  and  Welch  over  night.  The  next  morn 
ing  he  stated,  that  if  he  was  paroled,  he  would  go  home  to  Mobile 
and  would  not  enter  the  Confederate  service  again,  as  he  was 
sick  of  it.  He  was  paroled  and  the  incident  was  almost  for 
gotten.  During  the  Wilson  raid,  in  the  spring  of  1865,  Welch 
was  taken  prisoner  by  Forrest's  Confederate  cavalry  at  Ebenezer 
Church,  Ala.,  and  was  sent  to  Mobile.  There,  much  to  his  sur 
prise,  he  met  this  same  Major  Moore  and  found  that  he  was  a 
citizen  of  high  standing,  and  he  entertained  Welch  royally  in 
return  for  the  kindness  shown  by  Pattin  and  Welch  when  he 
was  a  prisoner  Avith  the  First  Ohio.  True  to  his  promise,  Moore 
had  not  entered  the  Confederate  service  again  after  he  was 
paroled. 

The  battalion  under  Major  Laughlin  was  on  the  flanks  and 
had  some  skirmishing  during  the  battle  of  Perryville,  October  8, 
and  at  one  time  they  supported  a  battery  dismounted.  Sergeant 
John  Lucas,  now  gone  to  his  reward,  told  a  very  amusing  inci 
dent  in  connection  with  the  support  of  that  battery.  It  seems 
that  the  battery  was  in  position  with  a  cornfield  in  front,  and 
on  the  opposite  side  of  the  cornfield  the  infantry  skirmishers 
were  having  a  hot  time  with  the  enemy  and  the  minnie  balls 
were  zipping  through  the  corn,  passing  most  uncomfortably  near 
the  heads  of  the  cavalry  boys,  and  consequently  they  were  hug 
ging  the  ground  very  close.  A  regiment  of  recruits  from  Illi 
nois  came  marching  along  in  column  of  fours,  tall,  fine  looking, 
sturdy  farmer  boys,  who  had  just  arrived  and  had  never  been 
under  fire.  They  seemed  anxious  to  get  into  a  fight.  As  they 
passed  to  the  right  of  the  cavalrymen,  lying  very  low  on  the 
ground,  some  tall  young  "sucker'7  yelled  out,  as  if  in  contempt, 
"Just  show  us  where  the  Johnnies  are  and  we  will  give  them 
hades,"  to  which  some  of  the  cavalry  boys  replied,  "You  will 
find  them  over  there."  On  they  marched  into  the  cornfield  in 
column  of  fours  towards  the  rebel  line  at  an  angle,  so  that  the 


—74— 

enemy  could  get  a  g'ood  infilading  fire.  There  was  one  volley 
from  the  rebel  line  in  the  woods,  and  in  about  twenty  minutes 
back  came  the  regiment  of  recruits  through  the  cornfield  pell 
mell,  almost  tramping  the  artillery  support  into  the  ground, 
and  as  they  hurried  to  the  rear  the  boys  shouted  after  them: 
"Did  you  find  the  Johnnies  over  there?"  The  recruits  were  not 
at  fault,  for  no  veteran  regiment  could  have  withstood  that 
withering  infilading  fire.  It  was  the  fault  of  the  officers,  who, 
unsuspectingly,  led  them  in,  and  not  the  rank  and  file  who 
carried  the  muskets. 

The  other  battalions  of  the  regiment  were  on  the  flanks 
and  were  engaged  in  several  skirmishes,  and  there  were  several 
men  wounded;  among  others  was  Captain  Kirkendall,  wounded 
severly  in  the  arm. 


Maj.  Gen.  Kennar 
Garrard. 


Maj.  Gen.  Emery  Upton. 


CO.  D. 


Capt.  Samuel  Hamilton. 


Battle  of  Perryville. 


The  battle  of  Perryville  was  fought  almost  exclusively  by 
General  A.  McD.  McCook's  corps,  although  the  corps  of  both 
Gilbert  and  Crittenden  were  in  easy  supporting  distance.  Me- 
Cook  called  on  General  Buell  repeatedly  for  reinforcements,  but 
for  some  unaccountable  reason  none  were  sent  until  after  4  P. 
M.,  although  the  battle  opened  at  half  past  12  P.  M.  While 
Buell  had  given  orders  to  advance  and  was  momentarily  expect 
ing  the  battle  to  open,  yet  it  seems  that  he  did  not  know  that 
McCook's  corps  was  seriously  engaged  until  4  P.  M. 

It  appears  from  official  reports  that  neither  Buell  nor  Bragg 
understood  the  number  nor  disposition  of  the  troops  in  their 
fronts.  Buell  had  in  position  eight  divisions  and  Bragg  had 
but  three  divisions  when  he  attacked  BuelPs  left,  still  he  out 
numbered  McCook's  two  divisions,  on  which  the  brunt  of  the 
battle  fell,  very  largely.  Bragg  evidently  did  not  wish  to  fight 
a  battle  at  Perryville,  but  was  forced  into  it  by  the  pressure 
on  his  rear  divisions,  and  then  thought  he  was  only  fighting 
the  advance  of  BuelPs  army.  The  fighting  was  very  severe  and 
losses  heavy  for  the  number  of  troops  engaged  and  were  prin 
cipally  from  McCook's  two  divisions  and  Gooding's  brigade  from 
Mitchell's  division.  This  brigade  lost  nearly  500  men  out  of 
2000.  The  total  loss  in  BuelPs  army  was  916  killed,  2943 
wounded,  and  489  missing  —  a  total  loss  of  4348.  The  loss  in 
Bragg's  army  is  not  known,  but  Buell  claims  that  he  captured 
about  4500  prisoners. 

The  enemy  withdrew  during  the  night  and  Buell  did  not 
advance  until  the  morning  of  the  eleventh,  when  he  found  the 
enemy  in  force  near  Harrodsburg,  and  Bragg's  army  fell  back 
after  a  sharp  skirmish  with  our  cavalry  under  Colonel  Minor 
Millikin,  which  is  mentioned  in  a  dispatch  from  General  Thomas. 
General  Buell  went  back  to  Louisville  in  a  few  days,  where 
he  got  into  a  controversy  with  the  authorities  at  Washington 
regarding  the  conduct  of  the  campaign,  which  caused  his  re 
moval  from  the  command  of,  the  Army  of  Ohio,  October  30, 


—76— 

1862,  and  General  Rosecrans  was  put  in  command  of  the  "De 
partment  of  the  Cumberland/7  designated  as  the  "14th  Army 
Corps,"  but  soon  after  as  the  "Army  of  the  Cumberland." 

When  General  Rosecrans  assumed  command,  the  army  was 
concentrated  around  Bowling  Green,  and  the  army  commenced 
the  advance  on  Nashville  November  4. 

On  the  day  of  the  battle  of  Perryville  the  regiment  was 
again  united,  after  having  been  cut  up  in  detachments  for  more 
than  two  months,  in  the  campaign  through  Tennessee  and  Ken 
tucky,  and  here  Captain  B.  B.  Eggleston,  Captain  James  Cutler 
and  Lieutenant  A.  Alkire,  who  had  been  taken  prisoners  at 
Courtland,  Ala.,  joined  the  regiment.    The  day  after  the  battle 
of  Perryville,  October  9,  Colonel  Millikin  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  3rd  brigade  of  cavalry,  composed  of  the  First 
Ohio  Cavalry,  First  Kentucky  Cavalry  and  Fourth  Michigan 
Cavalry,  in  all  about  1200  men.     General  John  Morgan  was 
marauding  with  his   freebooters  through   Kentucky  and  was 
giving  General  BuelPs  army  no  end  of  trouble  by  cutting  rail 
roads  and  destroying  supplies.    With  this  small  force  of  cavalry, 
and  without  any  artillery,  Colonel  Millikin  wTas  ordered  to  drive 
Morgan  out  of  the  country.     On  the  eleventh  Millikin  moved 
out  toward  Harrodsburg  and  Crab  Orchard  and  on  the  same 
day  he  struck  the  enemy  and  had  a  brisk  fight,  and  as  shown 
by  the  following  dispatches  he  was  making  a  vigorous  campaign 
against  Bragg's  retreating  army. 

(Series  I,  Volume  16,  Part  2,  Page  604.) 

Headquarters, 
Harlan  House,  October  11,  1862,  9:30  A.  M. 

General  Buell: 

Colonel  Millikin  is  now  skirmishing  with  about  1200  of 
the  enemy's  cavalry  about  two  or  three  miles  this  side  of  Har 
rodsburg,  on  the  left  of  the  Perryville  pike.  He  reports  they 
have  two  pieces  of  artillery.  I  have  directed  him  to  attract 
their  attention  to  enable  the  reconnoitering  party  to  flank  them 
on  the  Harrodsburg  and  Danville  pike,  by  which  move  I  mav 
succeed  in  capturing  some,  if  not  all. 

Has  General  Gilbert's  party  marched  yet? 
Respectfully, 

GEO.  H.  THOMAS, 
Major-General,  U.  S.  Volunteers. 

October  11,  1862. 
General  Thomas: 

My  men  have  had  no  rest  or  food  since  yesterday  mornino-. 
They  came  in  last  night  at  nine  and  went  out  this  mornino-  at 

^ 


—77— 

twelve,  and  have  been  in  the  advance,  skirmishing  (on  foot) 
all  the  way  from  Danville. 

Can  we  not  have  a  few  hours'  relief  after  coming  back  from 
this  reconnoissance?  They  are  unfit  to  fight.  Colonel  McCook's 
brigade  is  in  advance  of  me,  having  relieved  my  line  this  morning. 

Very  respectfully, 

MINOR    MILLIKIN, 
Colonel  Commanding. 

October  12,  1862. 
Colonel  Zahn,  commanding  Cavalry,  Danville: 

Has  Millikin's  cavalry  reached  Danville?  If  so,  did  he  get 
my  instruction  before  leaving  Crab  Orchard?  His  command  must 
go  to  Bardstown  and  watch  and  try  to  intercept  Morgan  from 
that  point  and  prevent  his  making  a  descent  on  the  Lebanon 
Railroad.  JAMES  B.  FRY, 

Colonel  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

After  driving  the  enemy's  cavalry  through  Harrodsburg, 
Sanford  and  Crab  Orchard  with  some  sharp  skirmishing  every 
day,  Millikin  was  ordered  with  his  brigade  to  Bardstown  and 
Lebanon,  where  Morgan  was  threatening  the  railroad,  and  on 
the  twentieth  he  was  at  Springfield,  on  the  twenty-first  at  Leb 
anon,  on  the  twTenty-second  at  Mumfordsville,  on  the  twenty- 
fourth  at  Brownsville,  on  the  twenty-fifth  at  Woodsonville,  and 
then  back  to  Mumfordsville,  having  been  on  the  move  almost 
continuously  day  and  night  from  October  9  chasing  Morgan 
and  intercepting  him  at  every  point. 

Colonel  Millikin's  report  of  this  campaign  is  herewith  ap 
pended  and  speaks  for  itself  in  plain  language,  so  characteristic 
of  that  brave,  conscientious  officer.  Among  the  losses  mentioned 
was  Albert  Nicely,  Company  F,  died  of  wound  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  October  16,  1862. 

Headquarters  Third  Brigade  Cavalry, 
Camp  near  Mumfordville,  Ky,  October  27,  1862. 
Colonel  J.  B.  Fry,  Chief  of  Staff: 

Colonel:  Because  of  the  somewhat  unintelligible  and  ap 
parently  unreasonable  movements  made  by  the  forces  under  my 
command  in  the  recent  pursuit  of  Morgan  and  the  fruitless  result 
of  the  whole  affair,  I  suppose  it  proper,  both  in  justice  to  myself 
and  because  some  wholesome  inferences  may  be  drawn  from 
them,  to  state  a  few  disconnected  facts:  I  was  on  my  way  to 
Bardstown  (agreeably  to  your  first  order)  and  had  reached  a 
point  five  miles  west  of  Springfield  at  2  A.  M.  Monday  morning 
(October  20);  I  had  marched  48  miles  since  Sunday  morning, 
and  had  only  23  miles  to  march  in  eight  hours  in  order  to  reach 


—78— 

Bardstown  at  10  A.  M.  This  I  had  fully  intended  to  do,  having 
given  the  men  three  hours'  sleep  at  Perry ville.  But  at  this  point 
I  run  into  General  Gay's  column.  Sending  forward  to  know 
what  caused  the  delay  I  received  an  order  to  remain  where  I 
was  until  morning.  Supposing  him  to  have  met  the  enemy  or 
to  have  received  (as  the  General's  staff  officer)  other  informa 
tion,  and  greatly  desiring  to  co-operate,  I  obeyed.  When  morn 
ing  came  I  was  ordered  on  by  General  Gay,  and  we  reached 
Springfield  at  10  A.  M.  Monday,  twentieth.  From  the  time  I 
reached  him  (Gay)  until  the  morning  I  left  Lebanon  (Tuesday, 
twenty-first)  the  same  anxiety  to  co-operate  and  the  same  infer 
ence  as  to  his  better  acquaintance  with  the  General's  intentions 
led  me  to  obey  his  orders. 

On  the  morning  of  twenty-first,  having  expected  orders  all 
night,  I  was  incidentally  informed  that  my  command  was  an 
independent  one,  and  that  I  was  expected  to  "catch  Morgan" 
in  my  own  way.  Failing  to  get  any  information  or  suggestions 
from  General  Gay  or  any  one  else,  I  started  as  soon  as  possible 
to  Mumford ville,  Gay  promising  to  go  to  Glasgow  via  Camp- 
bellsville.  Of  this  I  advised  you,  but  the  telegraph  not  work 
ing,  you  did  not  receive  it  promptly. 

Reaching  Mumfordville  on  Wednesday  night  (October  22), 
having  marched  18  miles  Tuesday  afternoon  and  33  miles  on 
Wednesday,  I  left  on  Thursday  morning,  as  soon  as  I  had  opened 
communication  with  Colonel  Bruce  at  Bowling  Green,  for 
Brownsville. 

I  had  proceeded  five  miles  when  the  order  disbanding  my 
brigade  and  ordering  the  regiments  to  remain  at  Mumfordville 
turned  me  back.  I  left  again  pursuant  to  subsequent  orders 
received  from  you,  for  the  same  place  at  2  A.  M.  of  Friday, 
and  was  within  four  miles  of  Brownsville  at  3  P.  M.  same  day. 
I  there  learned  definitely  where  Morgan  had  gone,  and  returned 
next  day  (via  Dipping  Springs)  to  within  three  miles  of  Wood- 
sonville,  where  I  stopped  for  forage  and  sent  on  to  Mumfordville 
for  rations.  I  would  have  gone  on  to  Woodbury  without  rations 
or  rest  if  any  result  had  suggested  itself.  Morgan  having,  by 
all  the  testimony  of  soldiers,  scouts,  and  citizens,  left  my  track, 
I  returned. 

Morgan  was  at  Bardstown  Sunday  morning  (nineteenth)  at 
daylight.  By  unexampled  marching  I  could  only  have  reached 
there  at  10  o'clock  A.  M.,  and  then  in  such  an  exhausted  condi 
tion  as  would  have  made  me  no  match  for  his  greatly  superior 
force  and  would  have  entirely  unfitted  me  for  pursuit.  I  should 
have  reached  him  in  that  time  and  in  that  condition  too  if  I 
had  not  been  ordered  differently. 

Morgan  was  at  Elizabethtown  on  Sunday  night  and  at 
Litchfield  Monday  night  (twentieth),  ITe  did  not  finally  leave 
Litchfield  until  the  morning  of  the  twenty-third  and  did  not 


—79— 

reach  Morgantown  until  the  twenty-fourth,  or  leave  it  until  the 
day  of  Colonel  Bruce's  skirmish  with  him,  the  twenty-fifth.  He 
was  in  no  sort  of  haste.  When  at  Springfield  I  urged  General 
Gay  to  divide  the  forces,  a  part  keeping  higher  up  through  New 
Haven,  Hodgensville,  Millerstown  and  Litchfield,  pressing  Mor 
gan  rapidly  down,  and  another  part  sent  to  Brownsville  or  Glas 
gow.  This,  with  the  disposition  of  Colonel  Bruce's  force  at  Bowl 
ing  Green  and  Eussellville,  Colonel  Craddock  remaining  at  this 
point,  would  have  made  an  excelent  trap  to  catch  Morgan.  If 
executed,  this  would  certainly  have  hastened  and  perhaps  de 
stroyed  him. 

There  were  300  of  Morgan's  men  at  Brownsville  on  Thurs 
day,  and  remained  during  the  day.  At  8  o'clock  of  that  day  I 
was  five  miles  toward  B.,  and  would  certainly  have  struck  him 
there  had  I  not  been  ordered  to  return.  Arriving  at  B.,  I  might 
have  pushed  on  to  Litchfield  or  Woodbury,  cutting  off  Morgan's 
stragglers,  or  with  Bruce's  forces  attacked  his  main  body.  Start 
ing  when  I  did  I  knew  every  step  was  useless. 

At  no  time  has  my  force  been  sufficient  to  cope  successfully 
with  Morgan.  He  is  known  to  have  had  Duke's  and  Gano's  regi 
ments  and  Breckenridge's  battalion,  aggregating,  by  all  ac 
counts,  2,000  men,  and  two  pieces  of  artillery.  Against  this  I 
had  575  seasoned  troops  (375  First  Ohio  and  200  First  Kentucky), 
and  600  green  troops,  never  under  fire  (Fourth  Michigan),  aggre 
gating  but  1175  men,  and  not  a  single  piece  of  artillery.  In 
whatever  way  I  might  have  met  Morgan,  had  he  had  his  back 
against  the  wall  and  shown  fight,  the  result  would  have  been 
doubtful  and  could  not  have  been  else  than  partial  and  unsatis 
factory. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient 
servant, 

MINOR    MILLIKIN, 
Colonel,  Commanding, 

General  Thomas  held  Colonel  Millikin  in  high  esteem;  it 
was  for  this  reason  that  he  was  given  command  of  this  pro 
visional  brigade  and  assigned  to  this  hard  campaign,  as  it  re 
quired  an  officer  of  energy  and  dash.  His  brigade  was  disbanded 
at  Mumfordsville,  and  about  the  first  of  November  a  brigade 
was  organized  at  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  composed  of  the  First 
Ohio  Cavalry,  Third  Ohio  Cavalry,  Second  Kentucky  Cavalry, 
Fifth  Kentucky  Cavalry,  and  Colonel  Lewis  Zahm,  of  the  Third 
O.  V.  C.,  being  the  ranking  officer,  was  assigned  to  command. 

Early  in  November  the  brigade  left  Bowling  Green  for  Nash 
ville,  and  at  Gallatin,  Tennessee,  they  again  encountered  John 
Morgan  with  a  force  of  2500  men.  The  brigade  attacked  him, 
with  great  impetuosity,  driving  Morgan's  men  out  of  Gallatin 
and  capturing  nearly  100  prisoners. 


—80— 

Bowling  Green,  November  7,  1862. 

Colonel  Zahm  (via  Mitchellsville  and  courier  lines): 

The  General  commanding  has  received  your  dispatch,  and 
approves  your  course.  General  Crittenden  was  in  Scottsville 
last  night;  moves  on  Gallatin  this  morning.  Inform  him  of  all 
you  know,  and  keep  up  communications  with  him.  Act  on  the 
principle  that  the  cavalry  are  the  eyes  of  the  army.  Take  orders 
for  co-operation  from  General  Crittenden.  Always  keep  up  your 
communication  with  headquarters. 

ARTHUR    C.    DUCAT, 
Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Acting  Chief  of  Staff, 

The  brigade  marched  via  Hartsville  to  Nashville  and  went 
into  camp  about  the  fifteenth  of  November  near  that  city. 

By  the  following  order  Brigadier-General  D.  S.  Stanley  was 
announced  as  Chief  of  Cavalry,  Army  of  the  Cumberland. 

General  Orders  No.  22. 

Headquarters  of  the  Fourteenth  Army  Corps, 
Department  of  the  Cumberland. 

Nashville,  Tenn.,  November  24,  1862. 

I.  Brigadier-General  D.  S.  Stanley  having  reported  for 
duty,  in  accordance  with  the  orders  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  is 
announced  as  Chief  of  Cavalry,  and  assigned  to  command  of 
all  the  cavalry  in  this  department. 

J.  P.  GARESCHE, 
Assistant  Adjutant-General  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

After  three  and  a  half  months'  continuous  hard  service, 
beginning  with  the  crossing  of  the  Tennessee  River  about  the 
last  days  of  July,  and  ending  with  their  arrival  at  Nashville 
about  the  middle  of  November,  a  brief  rest  of  a  few  days  was 
welcomed  by  both  officers,  soldiers  and  horses.  The  losses  in 
the  regiment  during  the  campaign,  killed,  wounded  and  pris 
oners,  were  about  seventy-five,  and  a  large  number  of  men  had 
been  placed  hors  dc  combat,  as  many  horses  had  given  out  on 
the  hard  marches  and  scouts,  and  those  that  were  still  in  service 
required  rest,  care  and  shoeing  to  prepare  them  for  the  winter 
campaign,  soon  to  be  inaugurated  by  General  Rosecrans,  the 
newly-appointed  commander  of  the  Armv  of  the  Cumberland. 


Maj.  r.rn.  I).  S.  Stanley,  Cliu-f  <>!'  Cavalry.  Stone  River  Campaign. 


Stone  River  Campaign. 


December,  1862. 

General  Negley  with  two  divisions  had  held  Nashville  for 
two  months,  and  his  troops  had  seen  some  hard  service  during 
that  time. 

He  had  not  only  to  hold  the  city  with  the  two  divisions  as 
a  garrison,  but  he  was  compelled  to  gather  his  supplies  from 
the  surrounding  country,  and  detachments  of  the  enemy's  cav 
alry  and  infantry  were  hovering  on  all  sides  ready  to  pounce 
down  upon  foraging  parties,  and  all  forage  trains  were  pro 
tected  by  strong  guards. 

The  troops  in  the  vicinity  of  Nashville  that  were  continu 
ally  threatening  Negley  were  under  command  of  Breckenridge, 
but  Negley  kept  them  off  at  arm's  length,  so  that  they  could  not 
invest  the  city,  and  starve  the  garrison  out. 

He  made  several  demands  for  the  surrender  of  Negley's 
forces,  but  Negley  met  these  demands  by  dashing  outside  of 
the  fortification  and  attacking  the  enemy,  and  at  one  time  he 
routed  Breckenridge's  forces  near  Lavergne  with  a  loss  to  the 
enemy  of  about  eighty  killed  and  wounded,  two  hundred  pris 
oners,  and  a  battery  of  three  field  guns. 

It  soon  became  evident  that  Bragg  was  concentrating  his 
army  in  middle  Tennessee,  and  Kosecrans  immediately  moved 
his  whole  army  to  Nashville,  and  arrived  there  in  person  Novem 
ber  9.  As  soon  as  the  First  Ohio  went  into  camp  at  Nashville, 
Colonel  Millikin  went  to  work  with  great  energy  to  remount 
and  equip  his  command  for  the  campaign  against  Bragg's  army 
concentrating  at  Murfreesboro. 

Requisitions  were  made  for  horses,  many  jaded  and  worn- 
out  horses  were  condemned  and  turned  in  to  the  post  Quarter 
master,  and  a  general  reorganization  was  commenced. 

Colonel  Millikin  had  always  been  very  strongly  in  favor  of 
organizing  the  cavalry  into  brigades  and  divisions,  as  he  always 
claimed  they  could  be  of  much  more  service  massed  than  by  cut 
ting  them  up  into  detachments  and  having  them  attached  to 


—82— 

divisions  of  infantry  by  regiments  or  battalions. 

Up  to  the  time  of  the  battle  of  Perryville,  the  cavalry  of 
BuelFs  army  had  all  been  used  in  this  manner,  and  with  the 
exception  of  one  or  two  raids  during  the  siege  of  Corinth  and 
the  pursuit  of  Bragg's  army  after  the  evacuation  of  Corinth  by 
a  large  force  of  cavalry  under  command  of  General  A.  J.  Smith, 
the  cavalry  of  this  department  had  not  operated  as  independent 
organizations  in  large  numbers. 

Colonel  Millikin  was  a  born  cavalry  leader,  and  he  entered 
into  the  spirit  of  the  new  movement  with  great  enthusiasm, 
which  was  imparted  to  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  his  command. 
He  at  once  inaugurated  strict  discipline  and  resumed  both 
mounted  and  dismounted  drill,  which  was  very  much  needed, 
as  there  had  been  but  little,  if  any,  drilling  since  the  evacuation 
of  Corinth.  From  the  middle  of  November  until  the  last  days 
of  December,  the  regiment  was  encamped  with  the  brigade, 
now  composed  of  the  First,  Third  and  Fourth  Ohio  and  Fifth 
Kentucky  Cavalry,  and  designated  the  Second  Cavalry  Brigade, 
near  Nashville,  and  in  addition  to  the  regular  camp  duties,  the 
C'ommand  was  sent  out  on  many  scouts  and  reconnoissances,  as 
Kosecrans  believed  in  the  old  maxim  that  "the  cavalry  was 
the  eyes  of  the  army,"  and  he  proposed  to  use  his  cavalry  for 
the  purpose  of  observation  and  to  keep  at  all  times  well  advised 
as  to  the  movements  of  the  enemy. 

General  D.  S.  Stanley,  a  cavalry  officer  of  long,  active  service 
in  the  regular  army,  had  just  been  assigned  to  duty  as  Chief  of 
Cavalry,  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  as  he  was  very  active 
and  aggressive,  a  long  felt  want  in  that  arm  of  the  service 
seemed  to  have  been  supplied.  He  was  always  on  the  alert  for 
any  duty  required  of  his  command,  and  he  did  not  propose  to 
settle  down  and  wait  for  the  enemy  to  come  to  him,  but  he  went 
after  the  enemy,  and  usually  found  him,  as  Forrest,  Wheeler 
and  Morgan  were  tireless  riders  and  were  making  raids  on  the 
railroads  almost  daily. 

About  the  twenty-first  of  December,  Stanley  moved  out  on 
the  Franklin  pike  to  make  a  reconnoissance,  and,  striking  the 
enemy  near  Franklin,  had  a  sharp  fight,  routed  the  enemy,  kill 
ing,  wounding  and  capturing  a  number  of  cavalrymen,  includ 
ing  one  commissioned  officer,  with  a  large  number  of  horses 
and  other  valuable  supplies. 

The  First  Ohio  was  sent  out  on  a  number  of  scouts  during 
the  month  of  December,  in  several  of  which  they  had  sharp 
skirmishes  with  the  enemy,  and  under  the  leadership  of  their 
fearless  commander  never  failed  to  rout  the  enemy. 

Rosecrans  determined  to  attack  Bragg's  army,  now  strongly 
posted  at  Murfreesboro,  with  his  advance  divisions  thrown  for 
ward  to  Franklin,  Triune  and  Lavergne.  On  the  morning  of 
December  26  the  advance  was  begun,  McCook  commanding  the 


—83— 

right  wing,  Thomas  the  center,  and  Crittenden  the  left  wing. 

Colonel  Zahm's  brigade  moved  on  the  Franklin  pike,  wTith 
three  days'  rations  in  their  haversacks  and  one  wagon  to  the 
regiment,  reaching  Franklin  the  afternoon  of  December  26, 
where  they  struck  the  enemy's  cavalry,  and  after  a  sharp  fight 
routed  them,  killing  four  and  wounding  a  large  number,  some 
of  whom  fell  into  our  hands,  with  a  number  of  prisoners,  includ 
ing  several  officers,  and  he  then  pushed  on  to  Petersburg  the 
same  evening.  On  the  twenty-seventh  the  brigade  advanced 
toward  Triune,  skirmishing  all  day,  and  at  Triune  they  attacked 
Wharton's  brigade  of  cavalry,  and  had  a  lively  fight,  routing 
the  enemy,  and  on  the  twenty-eighth  still  advanced,  pushing 
the  enemy  back  slowly  with  severe  loss. 

On  the  twenty-ninth  they  attacked  Wharton's  brigade  writh 
great  vigor,  driving  them  back  to  the  main  battle  line,  until  a 
battery  opened  up  on  the  brigade  from  the  opposite  side  of 
Stone's  River. 

The  same  evening  the  brigade  was  put  in  position  on  the 
extreme  right  of  our  army  and  held  this  position  until  the  close 
of  the  battle.  On  the  thirtieth  there  was  fighting  all  along  the 
line,  as  both  armies  were  maneuvering  for  position,  and  the  bri 
gade  wras  skirmishing  and  on  the  alert,  wratching  the  movements 
of  the  enemy  all  day. 

On  the  morning  of  the  thirty-first  Hardee  made  an  impet 
uous  attack  on  McCook's  right  division,  driving  it  back  in  great 
confusion  and  with  heavy  loss  in  both  officers  and  soldiers.  The 
pickets  of  the  brigade  were  attacked  about  daybreak  by  Wheel 
er's  division  of  cavalry  and  a  hot  fight  was  kept  up  for  two  hours. 

When  Johnson's  division  was  driven  from  the  field,  the  bri 
gade  covered  the  retreat  and  fought  stubbornly  for  every  inch 
of  ground.  Colonel  Millikin  acted  with  great  bravery  and  cool 
ness,  encouraging  his  officers  and  soldiers  and  handling  his  regi 
ment  with  great  skill  to  prevent  them  from  partaking  of  the 
general  panic  on  the  right.  But  the  brigade  was  pushed  slowly 
until  the  rebel  cavalry  were  so  close  that  they  were  using  their 
revolvers. 

The  very  acme  of  Colonel  Millikin's  ambitionhad  been  to  have 
the  regiment  make  a  saber  charge,  and  now  the  supreme  oppor 
tunity  had  arrived.  His  officers  and  soldiers  were  falling  around 
him  rapidly,  Major  Moore  had  been  mortally  wounded  early  in 
the  day  by  a  shell  while  the  regiment  was  maneuvering  for 
position,  and  Adjutant  W.  H.  Scott  had  been  severly  wounded 
in  attempting  to  capture  a  rebel  flag,  and  Lieutenant  Sam  For- 
dyce,  of  Company  B,  was  also  wounded.  Joel  Harris,  of  Com 
pany  H,  and  Wesley  Poling,  of  Company  D,  were  also  among 
the  'killed. 

He  must  act  at  once,  or  his  regiment  would  be  stampeded 
and  driven  from  the  field,  as  they  were  being  pushed  and  crushed 


—84— 

by  an  overwhelming  force  of  the  enemy,  flushed  with  victory. 
No  officer  of  the  brigade  seemed  to  grasp  the  situation,  no  orders 
were  given  by  the  brigade  commander,  then  Colonel  Millikin, 
sending  word  to  the  commanders  of  the  other  regiments  of  the 
brigade  to  support  his  regiment  in  a  charge,  wheeled  his 
regiment  by  fours  to  the  rear  giving  the  command,  "Draw  saber." 
There  was  no  time  to  tighten  girths  or  to  look  after  the 
condition  of  revolvers,  but  tightening  the  reins  on  his  noble 
bay  "Archie'7  and  raising  in  his  stirrups,  gave  the  command, 
"Charge!"  which  was  repeated  to  right  and  left  along  the  line. 

"With  sharp  ring  of  bugle  the  sabers  all  clank' 
And  the  spurs  are  pressed  to  each  horse's  hot  flank." 

"Commending  their  souls  to  God,  they  charged  home."  Dashing 
forward  under  the  spur,  with  a  cheer  they  followed  their  brave 
and  peerless  leader  to  his  death  in  that  awful  carnage. 

On,  on  they  go,  striking  the  rebel  lines,  cutting  right  and 
left,  leaving  a  swathe  behind  of  wounded  and  killed  —  inter 
mingled  the  blue  and  the  gray.  On  they  wrent,  cutting  a  line 
the  full  length  of  the  regiment,  sweeping  everything  before 
them,  penetrating  clear  through  the  rebel  line,  and  there  was 
a  fearful  struggle  when  the  shock  came  and  the  melee  was  on, 
with  its  confusion,  fighting,  yelling,  cursing,  horses  and  men 
falling,  sabers  flashing,  revolvers  cracking,  horses  and  men 
struggling  in  a  confused  mass  and  going  down  together. 

Colonel  Millikin  was  in  the  midst  of  the  fray,  which  lasted 
but  a  few  minutes,  and  in  a  hand  to  hand  fight  he  was  shot 
through  the  neck  with  a  revolver,  fell  from  his  horse  with  saber 
in  hand,  and  died  without  a  struggle.  General  John  A.  Wharton, 
who  commanded  a  brigade  in  Wheeler's  cavalry,  claims  in  his 
report  that  a  cavalryman  of  his  command,  a  private  named 
John  Bowrers,  Company  K,  Texas  Eangers,  killed  Colonel  Mil 
likin. 

The  rebels  soon  rallied  and  commenced  firing  from  both 
flanks  and  closed  up  the  gap  in  the  rear,  and  it  was  just  at  this 
critical  moment  that  Colonel  Millikin  fell. 

The  regiment  at  this  time  was  completely  surrounded,  and 
they  again  cut  their  way  back  to  our  lines,  with  many  wounded 
and  killed  and  a  loss  of  about  one  hundred  taken^  prisoners. 
The  Fourth  U.  S.  Cavalry  then  charged  the  rebel  line  and  a 
majority  of  the  prisoners  were  recaptured. 

Whitelaw  Reid,  in  his  history,  "Ohio  in  the  War,"  writes 
as  follows  of  this  charge: 

"When  the  disaster  of  the  thirty-first  occurred,  the  brigade 
covered  the  retreat  of  our  infantry,  falling  back  slowly,  "con 
tending  for  the  ground  until  near  the  Murfreesboro  and'  Nash 
ville  pike.  It  was  then  perceived  that  to  permit  the  enemy  to 
pass  that  point  would  prove  runiuous.  Colonel  Millikin,  having 


—85— 

received  no  orders  from  his  brigade  commander,  took  the  re 
sponsibility  of  sending  orderlies  to  the  various  regimental  com 
manders  of  the  brigade,  requesting  them  to  support  him  in  a 
saber  charge  upon  the  advancing  foe.  Seeing  that  instant  action 
was  necessary,  and  without  waiting  for  a  response,  Colonel  Mil- 
likin  wheeled  his  regiment  into  line  and  threw  it  with  irresistible 
power  upon  the  enemy,  driving  those  in  his  immediate  front  a 
distance  of  a  quarter  of  a  mile.  Not  receiving  the  expected 
support,  the  enemy  rallied  and  closed  in  on  his  rear,  making 
his  position  one  of  extreme  peril.  He  was  absolutely  fighting 
the  victorious  left  wing  of  the  rebel  army  with  a  force  not  exceed 
ing  three  hundred  men.  Perceiving  that  the  safety  of  his  men 
demanded  their  immediate  extrication,  the  "about"  was  sounded, 
and  the  chivalrous  little  band  cut  its  way  through  the  lines 
formed  across  its  rear." 

"The  First  Cavalry  fell  back  from  the  field  of  its  glory, 
where  it  had  made  one  of  the  most  heroic  charges  of  the  war, 
with  saddened  heart,  for,  weltering  in  his  life's  blood  in  the 
midst  of  that  carnage,  lay  its  young  and  gallant  commander, 
Colonel  Minor  Millikin.  Justice  never  lost  a  more  faithful 
champion,  nor  his  country  a  more  promising  genius  or  heroic 
son.  Fame,  on  the  list  of  her  favored  ones,  has  few  younger 
and  no  brighter  names.  Had  Minor  Millikin's  life  been  spared  — 
but  we  dare  not  say  it!  He  lived  long  enough  to  die  for  his 
country,  and  who  would  or  who  could  ask  a  more  glorious  des 
tiny?  He  wTas  mourned  by  his  comrades  as  the  brave  mourn  for 
the  brave." 

The  loss  of  the  regiment  in  this  charge  was  thirty-one  killed 
and  wounded,  with  a  number  of  prisoners,  including  Colonel 
Millikin,  Major  Moore  and  Lieutenant  Condit,  killed,  and  Adju 
tant  Scott  and  Lieutenant  Fordyce,  wounded. 

On  the  first  day  of  the  battle,  Surgeon  Wirth  and  Hospital 
Steward  Doty,  when  on  the  field  caring  for  the  wounded,  were 
both  taken  prisoners  and  taken  to  Murfreesboro,  where  they 
assisted  in  caring  for  the  wounded  of  both  armies  for  four  days, 
and  until  Bragg  retreated  and  our  army  occupied  the  town. 
Dr.  Wirth  had  two  hundred  of  our  wounded  in  a  large  store 
room  with  floor  covered  with  straw,  no  cots  or  beds,  and  but 
few  blankets.  The  weather  was  cold  and  freezing,  and  the  only 
means  of  heating  the  room  was  by  a  large  fire-place,  in  which 
a  blazing  fire  of  pine  knots  was  kept  burning.  The  coals  from 
the  fire  kept  flying  continuously,  igniting  the  straw,  and  it  kept 
one  or  two  soldiers  busy  day  and  night  putting  out  the  fire  to 
keep  the  wounded  from  burning.  One  night  Dr.  Wirth  and 
Hospital  Steward  Doty  dressed  wounds  and  amputated  limbs 
from  dark  to  daylight,  and  the  only  light  they  had  was  a  tallow 
candle  held  by  a  soldier.  They  had  no  chloroform  and  but  little 
morphine  or  stimulants,  and  the  suffering  of  the  wounded  men 


—86— 

was  most  excruciating.  Surgeon  Wirth  appealed  to  the  Medical 
Director  in  charge  of  the  Confederate  hospitals  for  medicine 
and  chloroform,  and  was  informed  that  they  had  none,  but  he 
gave  Surgeon  Wirth  free  access  to  all  his  supplies,  and  he  helped 
himself  to  such  medicines  as  were  in  stock. 

During  all  the  time  Wirth  and  Doty  were  prisoners  they 
were  told  by  the  rebels  that  Rosecrans'  army  had  been  com 
pletely  annihilated,  and  of  course  they  had  no  good  reason  for 
disputing  it,  and  as  may  be  well  imagined,  they  were  overjoyed 
when  Bragg's  army  commenced  retreating  and  they  were  left 
with  the  wounded  of  our  army. 

When  Bosecrans'  army  entered  Murfreesboro,  the  first 
troops  to  discover  the  Surgeon  and  Hospital  Steward  was  the 
First  Ohio  Cavalry.  Major  Moore,  who  had  been  mortally 
wounded  by  a  shell,  was  taken  to  Murfreesboro  by  the  Confed 
erates,  and  his  body  was  found  in  a  cellar  and  sent  home  about 
the  same  time  Colonel  Millikin's  body  was  sent. 

After  the  charge  of  the  regiment,  December  31,  Major  Martin 
Buck,  the  senior  Major  present,  took  command  until  the  next 
day,  and  on  that  day  Major  Laughlin,  having  come  up  from 
Nashville,  assumed  command,  as  he  was  the  senior  officer  present. 
The  regiment  continued  at  the  front  during  the  fighting  of  the 
next  two  days,  but  only  participated  in  some  light  skirmishes, 
with  but  few  casualties. 


Battle  of  Stone  River. 


From  the  twenty -sixth  to  the  thirtieth  day  of  December, 
1862,  General  Roseerans  was  feeling  the  lines  of  the  enemy 
very  carefully,  maneuvering  for  position,  and  on  the  evening 
of  the  thirtieth  the  two  armies  were  in  close  proximity  to  each 
other. 

There  had  been  considerable  of  fighting  on  different  parts 
of  the  line,  but  no  general  engagement;  the  right,  under  Sher 
idan  and  Davis,  had  done  pretty  sharp  fighting  on  the  thirtieth, 
and  the  two  divisions  lost  about  three  hundred  men.  McCook 
commanded  the  right  wing,  Thomas  the  center,  and  Crittenden 
the  left  wing,  resting  on  Stone's  River,  and  McCook's  right  near 
the  Franklin  pike.  It  seems,  by  the  reports  of  both  Rosencrans 
and  Bragg,  that  their  plan  of  battle  was  identical,  that  is,  each 
decided  to  make  the  attack  from  their  left  flank. 

On  the  night  of  the  thirtieth  fires  were  built  for  a  long 
distance  to  the  right  of  McCook's  line,  to  make  the  impression 
that  the  Union  army  was  massing  on  the  right  to  cover  the 
intended  atack  on  the  left.  Vancleve  and  Wood,  who  held  the 
extreme  left  of  the  Union  line,  were  to  attack  the  enemy  and 
force  a  crossing  at  the  upper  and  lowrer  fords  of  Stone's  River, 
and  Thomas  was  to  advance  in  the  center  and  McCook  was  to 
"hold  the  enemy  on  the  right  if  attacked,  and  if  the  enemy  did 
not  attack  him,  he  was  to  attack  the  enemy."  The  principal 
part  of  the  ground  in  front  of  both  armies  was  open,  still  there 
were  some  strong  defensive  positions  along  both  battle  fronts. 
The  left  wing  of  Bragg's  army,  under  Hardee,  attacked  McCook 
early  on  the  morning  of  the  thirty-first,  thus  taking  the  initia 
tive,  putting  the  Union  army  on  the  defensive. 

The  enemy  attacked  furiously,  and  McCook's  right  was 
pressed  back,  for  some  distance,  after  a  very  stubborn  resist 
ance  and  great  slaughter  in  both  armies.  McCook  wras  very 
largely  outnumbered,  as  Hardee  commanded  at  least  three- 


—88— 

fifths  of  Bragg's  army.  Bragg's  army  continued  to  wheel  to 
the  right,  the  battle  extended  to  the  Union  left,  and  the  whole 
Confederate  army  was  soon  involved,  excepting  Breckenridge's 
division,  which  was  on  the  east  side  of  the  river. 

There  was  but  little  fighting  on  the  left  of  the  Union  army 
during  the  early  part  of  the  day,  and  by  10  o'clock  the  advance 
by  Bragg's  army  had  been  checked  both  on  the  right  wing  and 
center.  Bragg  then  commenced  the  transfer  of  Breckenridge's 
division  across  the  river  to  attack  Crittenden's  left,  and  there 
was  a  lull  from  the  center  to  the  right  of  the  Union  army. 
Breckenridge  attacked  our  left  and  the  assault  fell  on  Hazen 
near  the  railroad,  in  a  heavy  wood,  afterward  named  by  the 
Confederate  commander  as  the  "Round  Forest,"  and  the  fight 
ing  at  this  point  in  the  line  was  very  severe,  but  the  repeated 
attacks  were  repulsed,  and  our  left  persistently  held  the  "Round 
Forest"  to  the  end  of  the  battle.  The  losses  to  the  enemy  on  the 
left  by  their  repeated  assaults  was  very  heavy,  and  some  of  the 
regiments  engaged  w^ere  almost  annihilated. 

The  enemy  had  now  been  fully  checked  all  along  the  line, 
and  there  was  but  little  fighting  during  the  balance  of  the  day, 
both  armies  were  well  exhausted,  rested  on  their  arms  all  night 
within  rifle  shot  of  each  other,  waiting  the  dawn  of  the  New 
Year.  The  forenoon  of  that  New  Year's  day,  1863,  was  a  day 
of  great  anxiety  to  the  two  army  commanders,  as  each  hoped 
the  other  would  retreat,  and  there  was  little  fighting  up  to 
noon,  excepting  some  artillery  firing  and  maneuvering  by  both 
armies  for  position.  Breckenridge  withdrew  to  the  east  side 
of  the  river,  and  Beatty's  division  and  Grose's  brigade  of  the 
Union  army  crossed  the  river,  took  position  in  front  of  Breck 
enridge,  and  the  day  passed  without  any  general  engagement. 
During  the  morning  of  the  second  there  was  some  skirmishing 
and  artillery  firing,  and  at  noon  Breckenridge  massed  his  forces 
and  made  a  vigorous  attack  on  the  Union  left.  The  Union  line 
was  at  first  pushed  back  to  the  river,  but  Crittenden's  Chief  of 
Artillery,  massed  fifty-eight  guns,  opened  up  against  the  enemy, 
and  drove  him  back  with  great  slaughter.  There  was  no  fight 
ing  on  the  third,  and  during  the  night  Bragg  retreated.  The 
fourth  was  spent  in  burying  the  dead,  and  on  the  fifth  Rose- 
crans'  army  occupied  Murfreesboro.  When  General  Rosecrans 
left  Nashville  he  had  in  round  numbers  47,000  men,  and  he 
fought  the  battle  with  about  43,500,  consisting  of  38,000  infantry, 
3000  cavalry  and  2220  artillery.  His  losses  were  1533  killed,  7244 
wounded  and  2800  missing;  total  loss,  11,577,  an  aggregate  loss 
of  more  than  twenty  per  cent. 

Bragg  reported  his  strength  at  35,000,  while  Rosecrans 
estimated  Bragg's  army  at  00,000.  The  enemy's  losses  were 
reported  9000  killed  and  wounded,  and  1000  missing,  but  it  is 
fair  to  presume  that  his  losses  were  at  least  equal  to  that  of 


—89— 

the  Union  army. 

The  Union  army  held  the  field,  and  the  enemy  retreated 
to  Duck  River. 

Nashville,  December  26,  18G2,  1:40  A.  M. 
Brigadier-General  Stanley,  Chief  of  Cavalry: 

General:  Your  dispatch  is  just  received.  The  General's 
directions  are  that  your  right  wing  shall  move  along  the  Frank 
lin  pike,  your  left  along  the  Murfreesborough,  the  reserve  along 
the  Xolensville,  with  the  exception  of  the  Fourth  (U.  S.)  Cav 
alry,  which  will  accompany  the  General  on  the  Murfreesbor 
ough.  There  are  some  TOD  of  the  enemy  in  Franklin.  The  Gen 
eral  wishes  a  dash  made  at  them,  and  w^hen  driven  out,  he  wants 
the  cavalry  to  sweep  over  in  the  direction  of  Xolensville,  pick 
eting  the  Wilson  pike  leading  toward  Petersburg,  with  one  or 
two  regiments,  according  as  the  enemy  shall  prove  to  be  in 
greater  or  less  force  along  our  front. 

J.  P.  GARESCHE, 
Assistant  Adjutant-General  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

Extract  from  report  of  Assistant  Adjutant-General  J.  P. 
Garesche: 

Headquarters,  Department  of  the  Cumberland. 

Camp  near  Murfreesborough  Pike,  December  27,  1862. 
Major-General  Crittenden,  commanding  Left  Wing: 

Stanley  says  cavalry  acted  well;  dislodged  enemy  from 
Franklin  last  night;  took  some  prisoners,  among  them  commis 
sioned  officers.  Things  work  well  so  far.  Enemy  under  impres 
sion  our  advance  w^as  a  feint.  The  distance  from  Triune  to  Mur 
freesborough  being  seventeen  miles,  and  the  direction  of  Har- 
dee's  retreat  uncertain,  he  will  not  order  an  advance  to-night 
on  Murfreesborough. 

J.    P.    GARESCHE. 

Camp  near  Xolensville,  December  27,  1862. 
Colonel  Zahm  drove  the  enemy  from  Franklin  yesterday; 
established  a  strong  picket  at  Petersburg,  and  is  camped  to 
night  on  the  Wilson  pike.    I  shall  move  the  balance  of  my  com 
mand  to  Stewartsborough  to-morrow,  unless  otherwise  ordered. 

Very  respectfully, 

GEO.  H.  THOMAS, 
Major-General,  U.  S.  Volunteers,  Commanding. 

Xolensville,  December  27,  1862. 
Lieutenant-Colonel  J.  P.  Garesche: 

Colonel  Zahm  entered  Franklin  yesterday,  and  drove  their 
pickets  from  that  place,  killing  four.  He  has  gone  to-day  toward 


—90— 

Petersburg  to  observe.     Will  leave  his  pickets  there  to-night 
and  come  to  this  place  with  his  main  force. 

GEO.  H.  THOMAS. 

Headquarters,  Department  of  the  Cumberland, 
Camp  3^  miles  north  of  La  Vergne, 

December  28^  1862,  12:10  P.  M. 
Brigadier-General  Stanley,  Chief  of  Cavalry,  Triune: 

General:  The  General  commanding  desires  me  to  inform 
you  that  there  is  every  prospect  of  the  enemy's  fighting  a  battle 
between  Stewart's  Creek  and  Murfreesborough.  General  Mc- 
Cook  will  give  you  the  substance  of  the  information  we  have 
on  this  point.  Act  in  concert  with  him,  and  cover  his  movements. 

J.  P.  GARESCHE,  Chief  of  Staff. 

Wilkinson's  Cross  Eoads,  December  29,  1862. 
Major-General  McCook: 

General:  Our  cavalry  are  about  two  miles  beyond  this. 
Zahm  is  abreast  with  us;  he  has  been  fighting  some.  The  burn 
ing  going  on  seems  to  be  the  Nashville  pike  bridge  over  Stone 
River.  The  prisoners  and  negroes  say  the  rebels  are  in  line 
of  battle  from  the  Franklin  to  the  Nashville  pike.  They  have 
moved  all  their  camps.  I  will  arrange  to  bivouac  if  you  have 
no  orders. 

D.    S.    STANLEY,  Brigadier-General. 

Extract  from  report  of  Major-General  A.  D.  McCook: 

December  29,  1862. 
Colonel  Garesche,  Chief  of  Staff: 

Zahm  drove  the  rebels  in  within  sight  of  Murfreesborough, 
when  he  was  shelled  from  the  other  side  of  Stone  River.  How 
will  I  communicate  with  you  now,  as  the  courier  .line  is  with 
drawn?  Stanley  will  attend  to  the  roads  south. 

A.  McD.  McCOOK. 

Camp  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry, 
Near  Murfreesborough,  Tenn.,  January  6,  1863. 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  report  of 
the  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry: 

On  the  morning  of  January  1  I  was  ordered  to  take  com 
mand  of  the  regiment,  and  was  immediately  ordered  in  the  rear 
of  Stewart's  Creek  and  on  the  right,  on  picket  or  outpost  duty. 
In  the  evening  I  was  ordered  back  in  front  of  Stewart's  Creek 
and  on  the  right  to  stand  on  picket  for  the  night. 

On  the  morning  of  the  second  I  was  ordered  to  advance  my 


—91  — 

regiment  forward  on  the  right,  which  I  did,  and  found  the  enemy 
in  my  front  and  skirmished  with  them  until  dark. 

On  the  morning  of  the  third  I  was  ordered  to  march  my 
regiment  to  the  rear  of  Stewart's  Creek,  which  I  did.  In  the 
evening  I  was  ordered  to  join  my  command  with  the  Fourth 
Ohio  Cavalry  and  make  a  reconnoissance  on  our  left,  which  was 
done,  and  we  returned  to  camp  the  same  night. 

Remained  in  camp  on  the  fourth  until  evening;  was  ordered 
to  the  front  and  left  to  guard  the  railroad  bridge  for  the  night. 
On  the  morning  of  the  fifth  wrent  on  scout  beyond  Murfrees- 
borough  on  the  Shelbyville  pike  and  returned. 
Your  most  obedient, 

JAMES    LAUGHLIN, 
Major,  Commanding  First  O.  V.  C. 

Colonel  L.  Zahm,  commanding  Second  Cavalry  Brigade. 

Headquarters  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry, 
January  6,  1863. 

December  26  left  Nashville  for  Franklin;  arrived  at  Frank 
lin  at  3  P.  M.;  found  the  enemy  occupying  the  town;  drove  them 
from  it  and  proceeded  to  Wilson's  Creek  pike,  and  encamped 
for  the  night. 

December  27  left  camp  at  8  o'clock;  proceeded  towrard  Tri 
une;  struck  the  enemy's  pickets  within  5  miles  of  Triune;  drove 
in  their  pickets,  captured  six,  and  returned  to  the  camp  occupied 
the  previous  night. 

December  28  left  camp  at  8  o'clock  for  Triune,  where  we 
encamped. 

December  29  left  camp  at  9  o'clock  on  a  reconnoissance 
toward  Murfreesborough.  Struck  the  enemy's  scouts  when 
within  one  mile  of  Stewart's  creek,  when  active  skirmishing 
commenced  and  continued  until  sundown,  having  driven  the 
enemy's  cavalry  at  least  three  and  a  half  miles. 

December  30,  skirmished  with  the  enemy  all  day  on  the 
right  of  General  Johnson's  division,  driving  the  enemy's  cavalry 
wherever  they  made  their  appearance. 

December  31.  At  7  A.  M.  I  was  ordered  by  you  to  take  two 
companies  and  make  a  thorough  reconnoissance  up  the  creek 
in  the  woods  on  our  right.  After  throwing  out  skirmishers  into 
the  woods,  I  received  orders  from  you  to  withdraw  my  com 
mand  as  soon  as  possible,  for  the  enemy  were  advancing  in  force 
on  my  left.  I  immediately  withdrew  at  full  speed  and  passed 
the  enemy's  left  (infantry)  within  150  yards  under  heavy  fire 
slightly  wounding  one  man  and  two  horses.  After  passing  their 
flank  half  a  mile,  I  discovered  your  brigade  formed  in  line  of 
battle  in  the  cornfield  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  creek.  Being- 
unable  to  join  my  regiment  at  this  point,  I  proceeded  down  the 


—92— 

creek  and  crossed,  joining  my  brigade  on  the  right,  retiring 
slowly  in  column  of  fours.  After  retiring  half  a  mile,  we  were 
again  formed  in  line  of  battle,  and  remained  until  we  were  under 
heavy  fire  from  the  enemy's  artillery,  when  wre  were  compelled 
to  retire.  Here  the  brave  and  heroic  Major  D.  A.  B.  Moore  fell, 
mortally  wounded.  We  then  retired  across  a  cornfield,  the  enemy 
in  full  and  fast  pursuit,  w^ith  at  least  three  times  our  number, 
when  we  again  formed,  receiving  three  heavy  charges  from  the 
enemy's  cavalry,  but  repulsed  them  every  time  with  a  fire  from 
our  carbines.  Their  artillery  was  still  open  on  us.  The  enemy 
(cavalry  and  infantry)  immediately  appearing,  our  noble  com 
mander,  Colonel  Minor  Millikin,  ordered  our  regiment,  five  com 
panies,  to  charge  them.  Being  unable  to  hold  his  position  after 
the  charge,  he  ordered  the  regiment  to  retire,  when  he  received 
the  fatal  shot  that  killed  him  instantly.  About  this  time,  Second 
Lieutenant  Condit  was  killed,  and  our  Adjutant,  First  Lieutenant 
Wm.  Scott,  fell  seriously  wounded.  The  companies  then  returned 
to  the  pike  and  crossed  Stewart  Creek  on  the  pike.  I  found 
myself  in  command  and  repulsed  the  enemy,  who  had  pursued 
to  the  creek  and  taken  possession  of  our  wagon  train,  killing 
two  and  wrounding  four. 

January  1,  at  9  A.  M.,  Major  Laughlin  reported  for  duty 
and  took  command  of  the  regiment. 

Total  loss,  thirtv-one. 

VALENTINE    CUPP, 
Captain,  commanding  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry. 

Colonel  L.  Zahm,  commanding  Second  Cavalry  Brigade, 
First  Division,  14th  Army  Corps. 

Extract  from  report  of  Colonel  Zahm: 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Brigade, 

In  camp  near  Murfreesborough,  Tenn., 
January  6,  1863. 

I  herewith  have  the  honor  to  report  the  part  taken  and  the 
work  performed  by  my  brigade  since  our  departure  from  Nash 
ville  until  the  close  of  the  battle  before  Murfreesborough. 

I  left  Nashville  on  the  morning  of  the  twenty-sixth  ultimo, 
with  three  regiments  of  my  brigade,  viz.:  the  First,  Third  and 
Fourth  Ohio  Cavalry,  the  Fifth  Kentucky  remaining  at  Nash 
ville.  My  force  numbered  950  men.  When  within  two  miles 
of  Franklin,  drove  in  the  rebel  pickets,  skirmished  all  the  way 
down  to  Franklin,  drove  the  enemy  out,  and  pursued  him  some 
two  miles.  From  the  best  information  received  the  enemy  was 
900  strong  (all  cavalry),  part  of  Whartoir  s  brigade.  We  killed 
four,  wounded  several  and  took  ten  prisoners,  among  them  a 
Lieutenant  of  Bragg's  escort,  several  horses  and  mules,  and  de 
stroyed  their  camps,  with  some  tents  standing  thereon. 


—93— 

On  the  twenty-seventh  sent  the  First  Ohio  and  most  of  the 
Fourth  Ohio  under  the  command  of  Colonel  Millikin,  on  the 
Wilson  Creek  pike,  to  reconnoiter  toward  Triune.  The}7  pro 
ceeded  within  two  miles  of  Triune,  captured  six  of  the  rebel 
pickets,  when  the  enemy  opened  on  them  with  shells;  threw 
some  fifty  without  damaging  us  any. 

On  the  twenty-eighth  moved  with  the  command  to  Triune, 
without  anything  occurring  worth  mentioning. 

On  the  twenty-ninth  proceeded  toward  Murfreesborough, 
moving  between  the  Franklin  road  and  the  road  called  Bole 
Jack  road,  which  General  McCook's  corps  moved  on.  I  divided 
my  brigade  into  three  columns,  marching  parallel  with  one 
another  and  with  the  main  force,  the  right  (the  Fourth  Ohio), 
moving  on  the  Franklin  road,  the  Third  in  center,  and  the  First 
on  the  left,  the  columns  being  from  one  to  one  and  a  half  miles 
apart,  throwing  out  skirmishers,  connecting  one  column  with 
the  other,  and  connecting  on  the  left  with  the  main  column. 
We  thus  proceeded  for  five  miles,  when  the  center  column  en 
countered  the  enemy's  pickets,  which  they  drove  in,  the  different 
columns  steadily  advancing. 

Shortly  after,  both  the  right  and  the  left  encountered  pick 
ets,  driving  them  in  before  them.  After  proceeding  about  one 
mile  farther  we  came  upon  the  enemy's  cavalry  (Wharton's  bri 
gade),  engaged  them  for  three  hours,  sometimes  the  right  wing, 
then  the  left,  then  the  center,  receiving  several  charges,  which 
were  repulsed,  driving  the  enemy  some  two  miles,  when  the 
brigade  concentrated,  repelling  a  heavy  charge  from  the  enemy, 
driving  him  back  under  his  guns,  which  were  only  a  short  dis 
tance  from  us. 

Some  few  casualities  occurred  this  day.  The  officers  and 
men  behaved  admirably  during  the  whole  day. 

On  the  morning  of  the  thirtieth  was  ordered  to  proceed 
on  the  Franklin  road  toward  Murfreesborough,  to  push  the 
enemy  hard. 

I  proceeded  that  morning  with  my  command  and  the  Sec 
ond  East  Tennessee,  which  reported  to  me  via  that  road  to  the 
Franklin  road,  at  which  crossing  we  encountered  the  enemy's 
pickets  and  drove  them  in.  I  increased  the  number  of  skirmish 
ers,  especially  to  the  left,  skirmished  with  the  enemy  for  an 
hour  or  more. 

In  the  meantime,  I  had  ascertained,  likewise,  that  a  heavy 
force  of  the  enemy  was  encamped  some  little  distance  south 
of  the  Franklin  road,  and  east  of  where  my  column  halted.  I 
did  not  think  it  prudent  to  advance,  and  owring  to  the  bad  grounds 
(being  all  timber),  where  my  force  halted,  I  retired  to  my  camping- 
ground,  near  where  were  large  open  fields,  well  adapted  for 
cavalry  movements.  I  soon  formed  a  line  of  battle.  The  enemy 
made  his  appearance.  Skirmishers  engaged  him  pretty  briskly. 


—94— 

The  enemy  maneuvered  with  the  design  to  outflank  me,  but 
did  not  succeed. 

At  daybreak  of  the  morning  of  the  thirty-first  I  had  my 
command  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle  in  the  rear  of  my  camp,  sent 
out  two  squadrons  to  the  front  and  to  the  right  to  reconnoiter. 
Had  been  ^i  the  line  about  half  an  hour,  when  I  heard  heavy 
firing  —  cannon  and  musketry  —  to  my  left  and  a  little  to  the 
front.  Soon  after,  I  beheld  our  infantry  scattered  all  over  the 
field,  running  toward  my  line,  when  I  learned  that  General 
Johnson's  division  wras  repulsed.  At  about  the  same  time,  my 
skirmishers  engaged  the  enemy,  when  they  were  driven  in,  re 
porting  that  the  enemy  were  approaching  in  heavy  force.  To 
my  right  the  enemy's  cavalry  were  coming  in  long  columns, 
with  the  evident  design  to  outflank  us. 

I  retired  slowly  toward  the  main  body  of  our  army,  the 
enemy  pressing  hard  on  me;  kept  him  at  bay  with  my  skirmish 
ers.  I  retired  this  wrise  for  a  mile,  when  I  formed  a  line  of  battle 
with  the  First  and  Third,  when  the  enemy  charged  on  them  with 
their  cavalry,  but  were  repulsed  by  our  men.  The  first  shell 
that  landed  mortally  wounded  Major  Moore,  of  the  First  Ohio. 
I  formed  a  new  line,  received  the  enemy's  charge,  repulsed  them, 
and  made  many  of  the  rebels  bite  the  dust. 

When  we  arrived  on  the  open  ground,  General  McCook's 
aide  told  me  that  the  wrhole  of  General  McCook's  ammunition 
train  was  close  by  on  a  dirt  road  running  by  that  point,  and 
that  I  must  try  to  save  it.  I  soon  formed  my  command  in  line, 
when  the  enemy  made  his  appearance  in  a  position  occupying 
two-thirds  of  a  circle.  They  prepared  to  charge  upon  us,  like 
wise  commenced  throwing  shells.  The  First  had  been  ordered 
to  proceed  farther  on  to  form  and  to  receive  a  charge  from 
another  line  of  the  enemy's  cavalry.  The  First  charged  upon 
the  enemy;  did  not  succeed  in  driving  them  back.  On  returning 
from  said  charge,  the  gallant  Colonel  Millikin  and  one  Lieu 
tenant  were  killed,  and  another  Lieutenant  severely  wounded. 

LEWIS    ZAHM, 
Colonel,  Commanding  Second  Cavalry  Brigade. 

Extract  from  report  of  Brigadier-General  John  A.  Wharton, 
C.  S.  Army,  commanding  Cavalry  Brigade  at  Stone  River: 

Headquarters  Wharton's  Cavalry  Brigade, 

Shelbyville  Pike,  Tenn.,  January  22,  1803. 
About  three  hundred  of  the  enemy's  cavalry,  not  over  four 
hundred  yards  distant,  were  bearing  down  upon  the  battery 
with  a  speed  that  evinced  a  determination  to  take  it  at  all  haz 
ards.  A  few  men,  with  Colonel  Smith,  were  promptly  formed, 
and  the  battery  unlimbered  and  ordered  to  fire  upon  the  ap 
proaching  enemy.  Several  shells  w^ere  exploded  in  their  ranks 


—95— 

and  they  retired  in  confusion.  The  command  that  had  captured 
the  wagons,  thinking  that  they  had  driven  the  entire  force  of 
the  enemy's  cavalry  across  Overalls  Creek  and  apprehending 
danger  alone  from  that  quarter,  were  prepared  to  meet  it  only 
from  that  direction.  Besides,  many  were  scattered  along  the 
entire  length  of  the  wagon  train,  directing  its  movements  and 
guarding  the  many  prisoners  taken.  In  this  condition  they  were 
attacked  by  the  same  party  of  cavalry  from  the  direction  of  Mur- 
freesborough,  that  I  had  repulsed  with  the  artillery,  the  enemy's 
cavalry  that  we  had  driven  across  Overall's  Creek  being  in 
condition  likewise  to  attack  them  in  the  rear. 

In  this  engagement  the  enemy  suffered  severely,  losing  many 
officers  and  men,  both  killed  and  captured.  Among  the  former 
was  Colonel  Minor  Millikin,  who  was  killed  by  Private  John 
Bowers,  of  Company  K,  Texas  Rangers,  in  single  combat. 

Extract  from  reports  of  Colonel  John  M.  Harlan,  Tenth  Ken 
tucky  Infantry,  commanding  brigade: 

La  Yergne,  January  25,  1863. 

A  train  of  cars  were  attacked  one-half  mile  this  side  of 
Antioch  this  morning;  two  cars  were  burned;  fifty-six  pris 
oners  were  captured  and  paroled  by  the  enemy  —  a  cavalry  force 
under  command  of  Forrest.  The  force  at  "Mill  Creek  Abridge 
came  to  relieve  the  train  and  succeded  in  saving  the  locomotive 
and  several  cars.  This  force  is  estimated  at  about  two  thousand 
and  it  is  supposed  that  they  had  returned  toward  Franklin. 

(V.)    CUPP, 
Captain  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry. 

Department  of  the  Cumberland, 

Murfreesborough,  January  5,  1863. 
Major-General  Eosecrans: 

General:  I  occupy  Murfreesborough  with  General  Negley 
and  Rousseau's  divisions.  General  Stanley  has  followed  up  the 
enemy  with  his  cavalry  on  his  two  routes  of  retreat,  Shelbyville 
and  Manchester  pikes.  From  the  best  information  I  can  obtain, 
the  main  body  of  their  infantry  and  artillery  went  out  by  the 
Manchester  pike,  both  columns  well  covered  by  a  heavy  body 
of  cavalry.  As  yet,  I  have  not  heard  of  any  public  property, 
but  will  make  the  necessary  inquiries.  Colonel  Zahm  has  just 
sent  me  word  that  he  is  engaging  the  enemy's  rear  guard  on 
the  Shelbyville  pike,  about  five  miles  from  town.  They  have 
three  pieces  of  artillery.  I  have  ordered  a  brigade  of  infantry 
and  a  battery  of  artillerv  to  go  to  Zahm's  support. 

GEO.  H.  THOMAS. 

Extract  from  a  number  of  the  Richmond  Dispatch,  Jan 
uary,  1863: 


—96— 

General  Bragg  has  certainly  retreated  to  Shelbyville,  thirty 
miles  from  his  victory  at  Murfreesborough,  as  he  did  last  fall 
from  his  victory  at  Perryville.  On  this  occasion,  he  has  saved 
his  prisoners,  captured  guns,  stores,  et€.  But,  if  he  has  retired 
(that  is  the  fashionable  phrase  on  our  side,  as  "change  of  base" 
is  on  the  other)  to  Shelby ville  with  his  whole  army,  he  has  thrown 
East  Tennessee  entirely  open  to  the  Yankees.  There  is  a  very 
strong  position,  beginning  with  Shelbyville  on  the  left,  extend 
ing  across  the  railroad  running  from  Nashville  to  Chattanooga, 
at  or  near  its  junction  with  the  Shelbyville  road,  with  its  center 
at  a  place  called  Decherd's,  and  its  right  terminating  in  the 
Cumberland  Mountains,  the  whole  distance  being  twenty-five 
miles  from  left  to  right,  w^hich,  we  understand,  military  men 
thought  last  summer  ought  to  be  the  place  to  defend  East  Ten 
nessee.  It  may  be  that  Bragg  has  fallen  back  to  this  position. 
If  he  has,  all  is  right.  But  if  he  has  merely  gotten  out  of  the 
way,  with  the  design  to  go  to  re-enforce  the  army  facing  Grant, 
which  is  three  hundred  miles  off,  then  East  Tennessee  is  in 
great  danger,  if  Rosecrans  wishes  to  take  it.  And  East  Ten 
nessee  is  precisely  the  very  portion  of  the  Confederacy  which  it 
is  most  inconvenient  for  us  to  lose,  since  it  cuts  it  completely 
in  two. 


Maj.  Otm.   Kli    I/>n». 


After  the  Battle  of  Stone  River. 


From  January  1,  1863,  to  June  24,  1863. 

After  the  death  of  Colonel  Millikin,  the  command  of  the 
regiment  devolved  on  Major  James  Laughlin,  and  soon  after  the 
battle  of  Stone's  Eiver,  the  regiment  went  into  camp  at  Lavergne, 
Tenn.,  a  station  on  the  Nashville  and  Chattanooga  Kailroad, 
about  ten  miles  north  from  Murfreesborough.  Companies  B 
and  D  were  stationed  at  Stewart's  Creek,  about  midway  between 
Lavergne  and  Murfreesborough.  During  the  winter  and  spring 
months  of  1863,  the  service  of  the  regiment  was  very  arduous, 
as  the  First  was  the  only  cavalry  regiment  on  duty  between 
Nashville  and  Murfreesborough  to  guard  the  communication 
along  a  railroad  line  of  thirty  miles,  in  addition  to  guarding 
the  fords  along  Stone's  River  for  many  miles. 

One  brigade  of  infantry  was  stationed  at  Lavergne,  com 
manded  by  General  Ward,  of  Kentucky,  but  their  service  as 
compared  with  that  of  the  cavalry  w^as  very  light.  The  infantry 
was  only  called  out  when  a  reconnoissance  was  made  in  force 
or  when  a  large  wagon  train  was  sent  out  some  distance  to 
forage  for  two  or  three  days. 

Buchanan's  Mills,  Dr.  Charlton's  ford  and  Dobson's  on 
Stone's  River  are  all  names  familiar  to  the  members  of  the 
First  Ohio,  and  with  each  of  these  familiar  names  some  incident 
of  interest  can  be  recalled.  The  night  march  from  Lavergne 
through  dark  cedars  to  Buchanan's  Mills,  and  the  burning  of 
the  mills  at  midnight  can  be  recalled,  and  in  imagination  we 
can  see  the  bright  flames  leaping  high  above  the  old  mill,  light 
ing  up  the  dark  forest  along  the  banks  of  the  stream.  Another 
night  is  remembered,  when  a  company  of  the  Fourteenth  Ohio 
Infantry  and  a  platoon  of  Company  ^K,  First  O.  V.  C.  made 
a  night  march  to  the  river  for  the  purpose  of  capturing  a  squad 
of  rebel  cavalry  who  were  in  that  vicinity,  and  a  colored  man 


—98— 

had  come  into  our  camp  about  dark  and  reported  that  a  supper 
was  being  prepared  for  them  at  a  house  on  the  east  side  of 
the  river.  The  detachment  of  our  command  arrived  at  the  river 
about  eleven  o'clock,  and  cavalry  and  infantry  were  rowed  over 
in  a  rickety  boat  by  a  faithful  old  colored  man,  taking  six  at 
a  load.  Guided  by  this  old  darkey,  the  command  marched  to 
the  house  designated,  but  did  not  find  any  enemy,  as  they  had 
no  doubt  been  apprised  of  the  movement  of  our  men  by  some 
citizen  on  the  alert,  and  they  had  made  good  their  escape.  A 
fine  supper  had  been  prepared,  with  covers  for  about  twenty- 
five,  and  our  boys  proceeded  at  once  to  partake  of  the  good 
things  spread,  to  which  they  done  ample  justice.  The  only  thing 
they  contributed  to  the  supper  was  coffee,  of  which  they  had 
an  abundance,  and  which  was  made  under  the  direction  of  the 
good  lady  of  the  house.  There  might  have  been  a  few  crumbs 
left  when  the  repast  was  finished,  but  it  is  doubtful  whether 
or  not  twelve  baskets  could  have  been  gathered  from  the  table. 
It  was  a  hard  night's  march  and  devoid  of  results  from  a  mili 
tary  standpoint,  but  the  boys  thought  there  was  a  little  glory 
in  capturing  the  supper  prepared  for  the  enemy,  and  so  there 
was.  The  captain  in  command  thanked  the  lady  of  the  house 
in  a  neat  little  speech  for  her  hospitality  to  the  defenders  of 
the  old  flag,  and  became  quite  eloquent  as  he  warmed  up  to 
his  subject,  but  his  eloquence  fell  on  deaf  ears,  so  far  as  any 
outward  indications  appeared.  Quite  a  number  of  neighboring 
ladies  were  present,  and  all  were  treated  with  the  greatest  re 
spect  and  gallantry  by  the  chivalric  cavalrymen. 

We  were  kept  on  the  move  almost  continuously,  day  and 
night,  scouting  and  patroling  the  river,  and  the  many  miles 
traversed  over  the  by-roads  among  the  cedars  became  as  familiar 
as  our  neighboring  roads  near  our  homes  in  Ohio. 

During  the  months  of  April  and  May,  a  platoon,  and  some 
times  a  company  was  sent  out  each  morning,  leaving  camp  about 
three  o'clock,  so  as  to  reach  the  fords  along  Stone's  Eiver  about 
daybreak,  sometimes  striking  the  river  at  Buchanan's  Mills,  then 
patroling  up  the  river  past  Charlton's,  leaving  a  squad  at  each 
ford  to  watch  the  movements  of  the  enemy,  and  "report  if  any 
thing  unusual  was  discovered."  This  kind  of  service  was  very 
monotonous,  but  now  and  then  the  monotony  was  relieved  by 
a  little  skirmish.  The  roads  were  narrow,  and  the  woods  were 
very  thick.  Frequently  scouting  parties  were  fired  upon  by 
guerillas,  who  usually  made  their  escape  easily.  One  of  our 
outposts  was  at  Antioch  Church,  about  three  miles  from  La- 
vergne  on  the  railroad,  in  the  direction  of  Xashville.  The  home 
of  Dick  McCann,  the  notorious  bushwhacker  and  guerilla  leader, 
was  near  this  church,  and  he  made  a  number  of  raids,  capturing 
trains  in  this  vicinity  in  spite  of  the  vigilance  of  our  troops. 

At  one  time  he  piloted  a  large  force  of  rebel  cavalry  to  this 


point  on  the  railroad  and  captured  a  train  with  a  large  amount 
of  money  in  the  express  car.  Our  troops  at  Murfreesborough 
had  just  been  paid  off  and  the  boys  were  expressing  their  money 
home,  and  whether  or  not  the  rebels  were  aware  of  that  fact, 
they  got  a  rich  haul.  Colonel  Cupp,  Lieutenant  Leib  and  several 
other  soldiers  of  the  regiment  were  on  the  train  en  route  for 
Nashville,  all  of  whom  wrere  captured.  They  were  paroled  and 
returned  to  the  regiment  in  a  few  days,  and  reported  that  some 
of  the  rebel  cavalrymen  had  their  haversacks  full  of  greenbacks. 
We  were  kept  on  the  alert  all  the  time  watching  the  movements 
of  the  enemy,  and  scarcely  a  day  or  night  passed  without  some 
part  of  the  regiment  was  called  out  to  make  a  scout  to  ascertain 
whether  or  not  some  reported  movement  of  the  enemy  was  true 
or  was  only  a  "grape  vine/'  reported  by  some  frightened  con 
traband.  One  day  we  would  be  hurried  out  on  a  gallop  toward 
Triune  or  Eagleville,  on  the  right  flank;  perhaps  the  same  night 
we  would  be  called  out  to  reconnoitre  along  the  fords  of  Stone's 
Eiver,  on  the  left  flank,  to  check  some  movement  of  the  enemy 
reported  at  headquarters.  Thus  we  were  kept  continuously  on 
the  move,  while  the  main  body  of  the  army  was  lying  in  camp 
having  comparatively  little,  or  in  fact,  no  hard  service.  The 
cavalry  are  the  eyes  of  the  army,  so  to  speak,  and  when  two 
armies  are  lying  in  close  proximity  to  each  other,  as  were  the 
armies  of  Kosecrans  and  Bragg,  from  January  1  to  June  24,  1863, 
glaring  at  each  other  like  two  gladiators,  watching  for  any 
advantage  he  may  take  over  his  antagonist  from  some  weak 
place  in  his  lines,  by  some  movement  of  his  troops,  then  it  is 
that  the  commander  appreciates  the  good  service  of  his  cavalry, 
handled  by  daring  and  intelligent  young  officers,  for  on  their 
audacity  and  dash,  when  reconnoitering  the  enemy's  position 
to  get  information,  often  the  safety  of  the  w^hole  army  depends. 
These  two  astute  commanders  of  the  Union  and  rebel  armies 
seemed  to  be  equally  watchful  and  enterprising,  and  each  was 
determined  that  the  other  should  not  get  any  advantage  by 
movements  on  the  flanks  or  rear,  consequently  the  clashes  be 
tween  the  cavalry  of  the  two  armies  were  frequent  and  some 
times  lively.  During  the  winter  and  early  spring  months  there 
was  a  great  deal  of  rain,  and  this  continuous  service  in  mud, 
sleet  and  rain,  disabled  many  of  the  horses  by  "scratches" 
and  cracked  heels,  as  w^e  had  no  shelter  for  them  at  any  time, 
and  they  were  covered  with  mud  and  water  "night  and  day, 
and  it  was  impossible  to  keep  them  clean  and  dry,  so  that  many 
horses  w^ere  totally  disabled.  In  some  instances  the  disease 
was  so  bad  that  the  hoofs  would  almost  come  off,  and  it  was 
not  possible  to  move  horses  in  this  condition.  When  the  weather 
became  warm  and  the  roads  dried  up,  these  horses  were  soon 
cured,  and  the  troops  were  all  well  mounted,  adding  quite  a 
good  many  horses  pressed  into  the  service  from  the  surround- 


—100— 

ing  country.  I  think  it  is  safe  to  say  that  at  no  time  during^ 
our  service  were  so  many  horses  totally  disabled  as  during  the 
time  we  were  stationed  at  Levergne. 

Some  of  the  daring  exploits  of  small  scouting  parties,  often 
commanded  by  non-commissioned  officers,  would  have  done 
honor  to  an  officer  of  high  rank,  notably  the  affair  at  Dobson's 
Ford,  wrhich  appears  in  the  official  published  list  of  the  battles 
and  skirmishes  of  the  war.  A  patrol  was  sent  out  one  morning 
under  command  of  Sergeant  Chapin,  of  Company  K,  and  after 
patroling  up  the  river,  halted  at  Dobson's  to  watch  the  ford 
for  the  day.  The  widow  Dobson's  house  stood  on  the  east  bank 
of  the  river  near  the  ford,  and  the  patrol  was  stationed  on 
the  west  side,  directly  opposite  the  house. 

The  Dobson  family  consisted  of  the  widow  and  three  hand 
some  daughters,  all  bitter  rebels,  still  they  would  smile  sweetly 
on  the  gay  cavalry  boys  now  and  then.  Although  their  house 
was  known  to  be  the  favorite  rendezvous  of  the  bushwhackers 
and  rebel  cavalry,  still  our  boys  would  take  the  chance  of  vis 
iting  the  girls,  notwithstanding  it  was  always  attended  with 
danger,  and  taking  heed  that  "faint  heart  ne'er  won  fair  lady,^ 
they  would  cross  the  ford  to  talk  with  the  southern  beauties 
over  the  garden  wall. 

On  this  particular  morning,  as  usual,  a  couple  of  the  troopers 
crossed  the  ford  to  have  a  chat  with  the  girls,  whom  they  found 
in  an  unusually  friendly  mood,  and  gave  the  troopers  a  very 
cordial  invitation  to  go  over  and  eat  dinner,  as  they  would  have 
fried  chicken  and  many  other  tempting  dishes. 

The  boys  were  delighted  and  accepted  as  a  matter  of  course, 
but  when  they  joined  the  patrol  and  reported,  the  Sergeant  in 
command  said,  "Nay,  there  is  a  nigger  in  the  wood-pile;  those 
girls  are  entirely  too  friendly,  so  we  will  wait  and  watch  devel 
opments." 

The  pickets  were  placed  at  a  proper  distance  from  the  ford 
to  watch  for  any  scouting  party  of  the  enemy  that  might  appear 
on  the  opposite  bank  of  the  river. 

All  through  the  morning  the  girls  could  be  seen  flitting 
about  the  house  and  often  appearing  at  the  front  door  or  yard, 
watching  longingly  for  their  tardy  lovers  who  did  not  come, 
and  the  boys  were  swearing  through  their  teeth,  because  the 
Sergeant  had  seen  fit  to  exercise  his  authority  and  cut  short 
the  promised  pleasures  of  the  day.  All  day  they  watched,  but 
no  enemy  appeared,  and  as  the  patrol  usually  started  for  camp 
about  sun  down,  orders  were  given  to  ride  down  to  the  ford 
and  water  the  horses  before  taking  up  the  march. 

Just  as  the  platoon  rode  into  the  river  and  threw  the  reins 
down  on  their  horses'  necks  to  allow  them  to  drink,  bang!  bang! 
bang!  came  a  volley  from  the  high  bank  near  the  Dobson  house, 
shot  guns,  y augers,  and  revolvers,  all  joining  in  a  general  medley , 


—101— 

as  can  only  be  given  by  a  squad  of  bushwhackers,  armed  with 
all  kinds  of  weapons.  The  platoon  galloped  back  to  the  position 
they  had  occupied  during  the  day,  and  then  opened  up  on  the 
enemy  with  their  carbines,  and,  after  a  few  volleys,  routed  them 
from  their  ambuscade  and  took  possession  of  the  ford,  which 
they  held  until  satisfied  that  the  rebels  had  beat  a  hasty  retreat 
from  their  ambuscade.  The  bank  was  so  high  on  the  opposite 
side  of  the  river  that  the  first  volley  went  over  the  heads  of  our 
men,  and  not  a  man  was  touched,  but  as  it  was  a  complete  sur 
prise,  and,  under  the  circumstances,  rallying  as  they  did  and 
holding  the  position  with  a  little  squad  of  less  than  a  score 
of  men,  shows  what  discipline  will  do  under  the  most  trying 
crisis. 

It  was  the  intention  of  the  Dobson  family  to  induce  the  boys 
to  take  dinner,  and  at  the  proper  time,  when  they  were  in  the 
house,  a  signal  would  have  been  given,  and  this  band  of  bush 
whackers  would  have  pounced  down  upon  them,  capturing  their 
horses  and  equipments,  and  either  killing  or  wrounding  all  of 
the  men  before  the  detachment  on  the  other  side  of  the  river 
could  have  rallied  to  their  support.  But  the  scheme  failed, 
much  to  the  disgust  of  the  fair  southern  girls,  as  was  learned 
a  few  days  later  by  some  of  the  same  detachment,  who  crossed 
the  ford  to  reconnoiter  the  situation  and  ascertain  if  any  damage 
had  resulted  from  the  fusillade  of  their  carbines.  The  girls  were 
in  the  front  door  and  did  not  meet  the  boys  with  the  same  sweet 
smiles  as  of  old,  but  berated  them  in  very  severe  and  indignant 
language,  pointing  at  a  bullet  hole  just  above  the  door  made 
by  one  of  our  carbine  balls. 

The  troopers  retorted,  that  if  they  proposed  to  take  a  hand 
in  the  war  by  intrigueing  to  have  our  troops,  who  had  been  kind 
to  them  and  had  protected  their  property  and  protected  them 
as  ladies,  captured  and  murdered  by  bushwhackers,  they  must 
take  the  chances  of  war.  This  argument  seemed  to  have  the 
desired  effect,  and  we  were  never  after  troubled  by  bushwhackers 
at  Dobson's.  They  refused  to  give  any  information  as  to  the 
loss  of  the  rebels  in  the  skirmish,  but  it  was  afterwards  ascer 
tained  that  a  Lieutenant  Buchanan  and  several  of  the  band  that 
infested  the  fords  along  Stone's  Elver  were  wounded,  and 
Buchanan  was  afterwards  captured  at  his  home. 

This  is  only  one  of  many  similar  incidents  that  were  occur 
ring  almost  daily  in  the  cavalry  service,  testing  the  courage 
and  coolness  of  our  troopers  under  fire  very  often  against  great 
odds. 

During  the  months  of  May  and  June,  in  addition  to  the  reg 
ular  scouting,  patrol  and  picket  duty,  the  regiment  resumed 
mounted  drill,  and  devoted  much  of  the  time  to  remounting  and 
equipping  for  the  coming  campaign.  The  whole  cavalry  force 
was  reorganized,  and  by  the  middle  of  June  we  were  fully 


:  V  ':  :..;:-Wr  —102— 

equipped  and  ready  for  the  hard  campaign  soon  to  commence. 
The  regiment  remained  in  camp  at  Lavergne  until  June  18,  and 
then  joined  the  brigade  at  Murfreesborough,  the  Second  Brigade, 
Second  Cavalry  Division,  commanded  by  that  ideal  soldier,  Col 
onel  Eli  Long,  who,  before  the  close  of  the  war,  was  promoted 
to  a  Major-General  "for  gallant  and  conspicuous  service  on  the 
field. " 

The  Second  Cavalry  Division  was  now  commanded  by  Gen 
eral  Turchin,  and  General  David  S.  Stanley  was  Chief  of  the 
Cavalry. 

The  Third  and  Fourth  Ohio  Cavalry,  belonging  to  the  same 
brigade  as  the  First,  after  the  battle  of  Stone's  Kiver  were  en 
camped  near  Murfreesborough,  and  during  the  winter  they  were 
frequently  engaged  in  skirmishing  near  Liberty,  Lebanon  and 
Alexandria.  They  at  one  time  routed  John  Morgan's  command, 
taking  one  hundred  prisoners,  and  on  April  3,  at  Snow's  Hill, 
defeated  a  brigade  of  rebel  cavalry  arid  cut  the  railroad  in  the 
rear  of  Bragg's  army,  near  McMinnville,  Tenn. 


^vpc,VA?f%>^ 

-!}(CHJf        €5 

^fer^ 

1.  GEN.  WM.  S.  ROSECRANS.          \f  V^  y    3.    GEN.  BRAXTON  BRAGG,  C.  S.  A. 

2.  GEN.  GEO.  H.  THOMAS.  4.    GEN.  JAMES  LONGSTREET,  C.  S  A 


.,^\GV  /K  v-0;f  H  v  G 

^\  If  3;  »%„,„  o  =  I,  „»  If  0^56 

*»  igl!/  M  4J  ^>-r\>%1^7v--^^r~^^AnfiCT 


MOVEMENTS  IN  MCLEMORE'S  COVE. 


From  Murfreesborough  to  Chattanooga. 


June  24  to  September  22,  1863. 

CAVALRY    ORGANIZATION,    JUNE,    1863. 

CAVALRY    CORPS. 

Major-General  David  S.  Stanley,  Commanding. 

SECOND  CAVALRY   DIVISION. 
Brigadier-General  John  B.  Turchin,  Commanding. 

SECOND    BRIGADE. 

Colonel  Eli  Long. 

Second  Kentucky Colonel  Thomas  P.  Nicholas 

First  Ohio Colonel  Beroth  B.  Eggleston 

Third  Ohio Lieutenant-Colonel  Chas.  B.  Seidel 

Fourth  Ohio Lieutenant-Colonel  Oliver  P.  Robie 

Tenth  Ohio. Colonel  Chas.  Smith 

Stokes'  Chicago  Board  of  Trade 

Captain  James  H.  Stokes 

On  the  morning  of  June  24,  1863,  the  Army  of  the  Cumber 
land  struck  tents  and  moved  out  with  banners  flying  and  drums 
beating,  glad  to  break  the  monotony  of  camp  life  for  the  excite 
ment  and  dangers  of  an  active  campaign. 

This  army  was  w^ell  uniformed,  splendidly  armed,  and  it 
may  well  be  doubted  if  a  better  equipped  or  more  confident 
army  ever  struck  tents  at  the  sound  of  the  "general"  or  moved 
to  the  inspiring  strains  of  martial  music  with  a  prouder  step. 
"Reveille"  sounded  at  early  dawn;  an  hour  later  the  "general" 
and  "boots  and  saddles"  and  "to  horse"  followed  in  quick  suc 
cession,  and  at  six  o'clock  we  were  "booted  and  spurred," 
mounted  and  off  to  the  front. 


—104— 

The  Second  Cavalry  Division  took  the  Eeadyville  pike  east, 
passing  the  gallows  on  which  a  few  days  before  several  bush 
whackers  had  been  hanged  by  the  direction  of  General  Kose- 
crans.  A  short  time  after  we  moved  out  a  heavy  rainstorm  set 
in,  which  lasted  for  seventeen  days  in  succession,  and  during 
all  this  time  our  blankets  were  never  dried  out,  and  our  rations 
in  our  old  greasy  haversacks  wrere  a  conglomerated  mass  of 
coffee,  salt,  sugar,  sow-belly,  and  hard-tack.  We  moved  on  the 
extreme  left  of  the  army,  passed  through  Readyville  and,  on 
the  evening  of  the  first  day's  advance,  reached  Brady ville,  where 
our  advance  had  a  brisk  skirmish,  routed  a  detachment  of  rebel 
cavalry,  taking  a  few  prisoners,  and  got  into  camp  wet,  hungry, 
and  patriotic,  as  only  soldiers  can  be  who  fight  for  f  13  a  month 
and  no  questions  asked. 

I  will  now  copy  from  my  diary,  kept  daily  during  the  war, 
the  incidents  of  each  day,  which  may  not  be  of  interest  to  the 
general  reader,  but  which  will  be  of  absorbing  interest  to  every 
soldier  of  the  Second  Cavalry  Division  who  was  in  that  mem 
orable  campaign,  from  Murfreesboro  to  Chickamauga. 

June  25.  Move  at  daybreak,  march  five  miles  and  encounter 
a  brigade  of  rebel  cavalry,  taking  twenty  prisoners.  No  loss 
on  our  side.  Go  into  camp. 

June  26.  Advance  three  miles,  but  do  not  strike  the  enemy. 
Heavy  cannonading  on  the  right.  EeceiA7e  news  this  evening 
that  General  Thomas  has  taken  "Hoover's  Gap." 

June  27.  Moved  out  on  the  McMinnville  pike,  but  all  quiet 
in  front. 

A  heavy  cavalry  fight  on  the  right  at  Shelbyville.  Many 
rebels  were  crowded  off  bridges  and  drowned  in  Duck  Kiver, 
and  many  prisoners  brought  in  with  saber  cuts,  which  is  ample 
proof  of  a  hard  hand-to-hand  fight. 

June  28.  Strike  tents  at  3  A.  M.,  and  march  fifteen  miles 
to  Manchester,  which  is  evacuated  by  the  rebels  with  but  little 
resistance. 

Manchester  is  a  very  pretty  little  town  of  about  1,000  inhab 
itants,  situated  on  Duck  Kiver. 

June  29.  Kemain  here  all  day.  Rain  pouring  down  in  tor 
rents,  and,  just  as  we  get  snugly  ensconced  under  "dog  tents" 
and  "gum  blankets,"  with  a  prospect  of  a  little  sleep,  an  orderly 
passes  along  the  line  of  tents  at  7  P.  M.,  singing  out  the  unwel 
come  order,  "Strike  tents  and  be  ready  to  march  in  half  an  hour!" 
We  feel  much  more  inclined  to  strike  that  orderly  than  striking 
tents;  and,  with  a  few  adjectives  in  the  superlative  degree,  con 
signing  the  fellowr  who  issued  the  order  to  a  very  warm  climate, 
we  tumble  out  in  the  rain,  pack  up,  and  in  half  an  hour  we 
are  in  the  saddle. 

This  is  one  of  the  interesting  experiences  of  the  cavalry 
man  —  packing  up  all  his  worldly  effects,  dark  as  pitch,  rain- 


—105— 

ing  in  torrents,  no  light  —  not  even  so  much  as  a  coal  of  fire. 
First,  find  your  horse,  then  your  saddle,  bridle,  saddle-blanket, 
feed-sack,  spurs,  dog-tent,  blanket,  poncho,  haversack,  canteen, 
carbine,  revolver,  sabre  —  all  to  be  packed  up  according  to  the 
"rules  and  regulations."  Try  this,  and  if  you  do  not  admit  that 
a  soldier  who  can  practice  this  kind  of  gymnastics  for  three 
or  four  years  and  always  keep  his  temper,  and  still  "stand  by 
the  old  flag,"  is  not  an  angel  (barring  the  wings),  then  I  will 
set  up  a  canteen  of  apple  jack  for  the  crowd. 

We  took  the  road  leading  toward  Tullahoma  and  marched 
through  mud  and  rain  all  night.  It  seemed  as  if  the  whole  army 
was  on  this  road  and  spread  out  through  woods  and  fields,  vieing 
with  each  other  to  see  who  could  throw  the  most  mud.  I  am 
confident  that  every  comrade  will  agree  that  that  was  the  softest 
night's  march  we  had  ever  made  during  our  term  of  service. 

June  30.  We  are  now  but  a  few  miles  from  Tullahoma, 
and  a  battle  is  imminent  at  any  moment.  Our  company  on 
picket,  and  this  evening  we  have  a  brisk  skirmish  all  along 
the  lines. 

July  1.  One  of  the  boys  of  our  company  shot  and  wounded 
a  soldier,  in  front  of  our  lines,  this  morning,  who  proved  to  be 
a  deserter  from  the  rebel  army  at  Tullahoma,  but  who  the  sol 
dier  that  fired  the  shot  mistook  for  a  rebel  picket  slipping  up 
to  our  lines.  As  he  shouted  to  us  that  he  was  badly  wounded, 
three  of  us  moved  cautiously  down  through  the  woods,  picked 
him  up  and  carried  him  back  to  the  reserve.  He  was  an  old 
man,  dressed  in  the  usual  Confederate  gray,  but  he  was  not  armed 
and  had  nothing  about  his  person  to  indicate  that  he  was  a 
soldier,  except  that  an  old  haversack  hung  over  his  shoulder. 
He  was  badly  wounded  and,  on  being  interrogated,  declared 
emphatically  that  Tullahoma  was  evacuated  at  daybreak  that 
morning.  His  voice  was  so  earnest  and  his  face  so  impressive, 
that  we  could  not  doubt  his  statement.  He  also  said  that  his 
name  was  S.  H.  D.  Duncan,  and  that  he  was  then  trying  to 
make  his  way  to  his  home  in  Manchester,  Tenn.  Immediately 
on  receiving  the  news  of  the  evacuation  of  Tullahoma,  which 
I  knew,  if  true,  was  very  important  to  the  commanding  General, 
I  mounted  niy  horse  and  galloped  rapidly  back  to  General 
Thomas'  headquarters  and  gave  him  the  news  of  the  evacua 
tion  of  Tullahoma,  as  given  by  Duncan.  Thomas  at  once  called 
his  Adjutant-General,  Flint,  and  ordered  an  immediate  forward 
movement  of  the  army. 

We  were  on  picket  in  front  of  General  Reynold's  division, 
and  as  they  advanced  we  moved  out,  and,  as  will  be  well  remem 
bered,  rode  into  the  works  in  front  of  Tullahoma  without  firing 
a  shot.  We  all  supposed  that  the  man  Duncan  would  die  of 
his  wounds  in  a  few  hours,  but  he  recovered,  and  a  few  years 


—106— 

ago,  by  writing  to  the  postmaster  at  Manchester,  I  learned  his 
address,  and,  on  writing  and  receiving  an  answer,  learned  that 
he  had  always  suffered  from  the  wound  and  that  one  side  of 
his  body  was  paralyzed. 

On  entering  the  works  at  Tullahoma  we  found  that  the  reb 
els  had  abandoned  much  of  their  canip  equipage,  and  the  corn 
meal  wras  strewn  over  the  ground  so  thickly  that  it  looked  like 
snow.  We  followed  up  the  retreat  rapidly  toward  Elk  Kiver, 
and  overtook  their  rear  guard  at  Beaver  Fork,  and  here  our 
regiment  had  a  sharp  fight,  with  a  loss  of  several  men  wounded 
and  one  killed,  Jack  Hickman,  of  Company  H.  We  captured 
quite  a  number  of  prisoners,  and  on  the  third  a  detachment 
of  our  regiment  was  sent  to  the  rear  with  the  prisoners  and 
delivered  them  over  to  General  Beatty,  at  Manchester,  and  I 
still  have  in  my  possession  the  receipt  given  by  him  for  the 
safe  delivery  of  the  prisoners. 

July  4.  The  regiment  had  a  fight  to-day  and  drove  the 
rebels  at  every  point  on  the  line  and  took  a  number  of  pris 
oners.  Billy  Ball,  of  Company  F,  killed.  Arrive  at  Decherd, 
on  the  Nashville  and  Chattanooga  Railroad. 

July  6.  March  southwest  through  Winchester,  and  all  the 
cavalry  of  this  department,  consisting  of  twenty  regiments,  en 
camp  together.  Sergeant  Henry  E.  Bumgardner,  Company  B, 
drowned  in  crossing  Elk  River. 

July  7,  8,  9.  In  camp,  sending  out  foraging  expeditions 
every  day. 

July  10.  Move  camp  to  Salem,  and  on  the  eleventh  send 
a  large  foraging  party  into  Alabama. 

July  12.  Strike  tents,  and  the  whole  brigade  starts  on  a 
raid  through  Northern  Alabama,  and  arrive  at  Huntsville  at 
12  o'clock  on  the  thirteenth,  having  burned  a  railroad  bridge 
fifteen  miles  east  from  here  last  night. 

July  14  and  15.  Remain  in  camp  at  Huntsville;  large  for 
aging  and  raiding  parties  sent  out  and  bringing  in  large  num 
bers  of  mules  and  horses. 

July  16.  March  toward  Athens  and  camp  on  Pine  Creek, 
and  on  the  seventeenth  take  possession  of  Athens,  and  remain 
here  the  eighteenth  and  nineteenth,  and  on  the  twentieth  take 
up  our  march  southward  and  arrive  at  Elkton,  and  on  the  twen 
ty-first  reach  Pulaski,  Tenn. 

July  22.  The  brigade  had  a  lively  fight  out  on  the  picket 
line.  Remain  in  camp  here  until  the  twenty-fifth,  and  then  march 
to  Faetteville,  where  our  wagon  train  meets  us  for  the  first  time 
since  leaving  Decherd  on  the  sixth,  not  having  any  mail  for  three 
weeks,  but  now  we  all  get  letters  from  the  "girl  we  left  behind." 
We  remain  here  until  the  first  of  August,  and  during  our  stay 
about  6,000  persons  came  in  and  took  the  oath  of  allegiance 
to  save  their  mules,  and  then  wrent  immediately  home,  took  their 


—107— 

shot-guns  and  went  to  bushwhacking. 

We  have  now  confiscated  several  hundred  horses  and  mules, 
and  the  brigade  is  splendidly  mounted.  While  stationed  at 
Faetteville,  the  First  Ohio  published  a  newspaper  called  the 
Cavalier,  which  was  edited  by  William  Davis,  of  Company  M, 
and  A.  Thompson,  of  Company  D,  with  T.  C.  Stevenson  and 
Joe  Devreux,  of  Company  D,  publishers.  The  motto  of  the 
heading  reads:  "We  Go  Where  Rebs  Await  Us."  As  will  be 
remembered,  it  was  a  spicy  sheet,  and  some  poetic  cavalryman 
wrote  a  parody  on  Morgan's  mule,  the  first  verse  of  which 
ran  thus: 

"A  planter  came  to  camp  one  day, 

His  niggars  for  to  find; 
His  mules  had  also  gone  astray, 

And  stock  of  every  kind. 
The  planter  tried  to  get  them  back, 

And  thus  was  made  a  fool, 
For  every  boy  in  camp  he  met 

Cried;  'Mister,  here's  your  mule!'  " 

CHORUS — 

"Go  back,  go  back,  go  back  old  scamp, 

And  don't  be  made  a  fool; 
Your  niggars  they  are  all  in  camp, 
And  Turchins  got  your  mule. ' ' 

On  the  first  day  of  August  we  struck  tents  and  marched 
through  Salem  to  Winchester,  where  we  went  into  camp  on 
the  third.  We  remained  at  Winchester  until  the  nineteenth,  be 
ing  paid  off  and  the  whole  army  reviewed  and  inspected.  On  the 
morning  of  the  nineteenth  we  move  at  early  dawn  and  in  the 
evening  camp  at  the  foot  of  a  range  of  the  Cumberland  moun 
tains. 

August  20.  We  take  the  mountain  pass  at  daybreak  and 
pass  over  the  mountain  called  "The  Smoky  Range,"  and  descend 
into  the  valley  after  a  very  hard  day's  march.  We  re-crossed 
the  mountain  on  the  twenty-first  to  assist  our  wagon  train,  which 
we  found  badly  demoralized,  many  of  the  wagons  being  upset 
and  broken  to  atoms  on  the  rocks.  This  is  a  day  long  to  be 
remembered  as  the  wickedest  day  on  record,  as  the  swearing 
of  the  "mule  whackers"  would  rival  the  demons  of  Hades  and 
give  them  a  discount  of  fifty. 

August  22.  March  through  Sinking  Cove  and  through 
Stevenson  to  the  Tennessee  River,  and  on  the  twenty-third 
march  five  miles  up  the  river  toward  Bridgeport.  We  picket  the 
river  and  can  plainly  see  the  rebel  pickets  on  the  south  bank, 
and  Frank  Allen,  of  Company  K,  with  a  few  more  of  the  boys, 
take  a  skiff  and  row  across  to  pay  the  Johnnies  a  visit  and 
trade  coffee  for  "terbacker,"  while  two  of  the  Johnnies  come 
over  to  visit  the  "Yanks"  and  take  breakfast.  We  are  on  picket 


—108- 

duty  along  the  river  until  the  twenty-ninth,  when  the  First  Ohio, 
Third  Ohio,  and  Second  Kentucky  cross  the  river,  making  a 
successful  raid  on  Trenton,  Georgia,  capturing  many  prisoners 
and  a  large  quantity  of  stores.  On  the  night  of  the  twenty-eighth 
pontoons  are  thrown  across  the  river  a  few  miles  below  Steven 
son  and  on  the  morning  of  the  twenty-ninth  those  of  us  who 
are  on  picket  can  see  the  glistening  bayonets  of  our  infantry 
as  they  are  crossing  the  river  about  a  mile  below  us. 

About  this  time  the  rebel  pickets  across  the  river  rode  down 
to  water  their  horses,  when  our  boys  shouted  across  to  them 
and  insisted  that  they  should  come  over  and  take  breakfast, 
but  the  Johnnies,  taking  in  the  situation,  "stood  not  upon  the 
order  of  their  going,"  but  putting  spurs  to  their  horses  went 
up  the  mountain  pass  at  a  rate  of  speed  that  would  have  put 
to  shame  John  Gilpin. 

We  ford  the  river  September  2,  and  march  to  the  top  of 
Sand  Mountain,  and  on  the  third  descend  into  the  valley  between 
Sand  and  Lookout  mountains,  and  on  the  fourth  march  through 
a  beautiful  cove  and  camp  at  the  foot  of  Lookout. 

September  5.  We  take  the  mountain  pass  at  daybreak, 
and  as  the  company  which  I  had  the  honor  to  command  led  the 
advance  that  day,  the  boys  of  Company  M  will  well  remember 
that  we  had  a  lively  time.  My  instructions  from  General  Long 
were  that  when  we  "struck  the  enemy  to  fire,  and  then  charge 
him."  After  reaching  the  top  of  the  mountain  we  began  to 
see  signs  of  the  enemy,  and  about  noon  the  first  shot  was  fired 
by  the  rebel  pickets,  and  our  advance  under  Corporal  McMann 
raised  their  carbines,  bang!  bang!  and  away  we  go  at  a  sweeping 
gallop  for  a  mile  or  two  in  pursuit  of  the  rebel  pickets.  When 
we  reached  the  pass  down  the  mountain  we  found  our  way 
obstructed  by  large  pine  trees  cut  down  across  the  road  along 
the  sides  of  the  mountain,  and  also  by  immense  rocks  rolled 
down  from  the  ledges  hundreds  of  feet  above.  Dismounting, 
we  pushed  on,  the  retreating  enemy  banging  away  at  us  from 
the  rocks  below,  but  doing  but  little  damage.  We  drove  them 
down  the  mountain  into  the  valley,  Generals  Crook  and  Long 
being  up  with  the  skirmish  line.  As  our  horses  were  on  top  of 
the  mountain  further  pursuit  seemed  useless,  and  only  a  few 
companies  of  the  brigade  having  reached  the  valley,  we  were 
again  ordered  up  the  mountain  pass,  and  the  boys  will  bear 
testimony  that  we  did  not  make  the  ascent  as  rapidly  and  with 
as  much  enthusiasm  as  we  made  the  descent,  with  ball  and 
buckshot  whizzing  through  the  pine  brush  and  spattering  against 
the  rocks.  On  the  top  of  the  mountain  we  found  a  large  and 
well  cultivated  plantation  with  a  peach  orchard  of  about  ten 
acres.  We  rode  into  the  cornfields  to  feed  our  horses,  some 
of  the  more  inquisitive  of  the  boys  made  a  reconnoisance  and 
discovered  a  still-house  where  the  old  planter  was  engaged  in 


—109— 

the  very  laudable  business  of  manufacturing  peach  brandy.  We 
could  then  very  well  understand  why  the  rebel  cavalry  had 
made  such  stubborn  resistance  for  the  possession  of  the  top 
of  the  mountain,  for  where  was  the  soldier,  "Rebel"  or  "Yank," 
who  would  not  fight  for  territory  where  there  was  a  prospect 
of  rations,  forage  for  his  horse,  tobacco  or  peach  brandy?  It 
soon  became  evident  to  the  officers,  from  the  number  of  can 
teens  that  were  being  filled,  that  there  was  some  kind  of  liquid 
on  that  plantation  more  attractive  than  spring  water  or  sorghum 
molasses.  General  Long  sent  Captain  Scott,  of  the  First  Ohio, 
to  reconnoitre  the  position  of  the  enemy  and  order  every  soldier 
to  his  command  under  penalty  of  arrest.  "Scotty"  was  a  brave 
and  gallant  soldier,  but  he  was  not  averse  to  taking  a  nip  him 
self  for  his  stomach's  sake.  General  Long  soon  dispatched  an 
other  staff  officer  to  see  what  Scott  was  doing  and  found  him 
standing  on  a  barrel  swearing  roundly  at  the  boys  "not  to  waste 
any  of  the  brandy,"  wThile  two  or  three  fellows  were  indus 
triously  employed  boring  holes  in  the  barrels  with  an  inch  augur. 
As  some  of  the  boys  were  becoming  boisterous  and  unman 
ageable,  the  General  declared  that  the  best  thing  to  do  was 
to  move  out.  "To  horse"  was  sounded  and  the  brigade  started, 
and  I  think  I  am  safe  in  saying  that  fully  half  the  horses  were 
without  riders.  To  say  that  we  had  a  lively  time  going  down 
the  mountain  pass  that  dark  night  is  drawing  it  very  mild.  It 
seemed  as  if  the  very  Old  Mck  was  in  that  peach  brandy,  and 
I  am  sure  some  of  the  officers  will  agree  with  me  that  they 
would  rather  take  their  chances  in  a  fight  than  go  through 
the  experience  of  that  night  again.  But  we  all  got  to  the  foot 
of  the  mountain  by  morning,  and  those  that  could  not  ride  down 
or  walk  down,  just  fell  down. 

"WE  DRANK  FROM  THE  SAME  CANTEEN." 

"It  was  sometimes  water  and  sometimes  milk, 

Sometimes  apple-jack  fine  as  silk. 
But  wherever  the  tipple  has  been, 

We  shared  it  together,  in  bane  or  in  bliss, 
And  I  warm  to  you,  boys,  when  I  think  of  this, 

We  have  drank  from  the  same  canteen." 

CHORUS — 

"The  same  canteen,  my  soldier  friends, 

The  same  canteen — 
There's  never  a  bond  like  this — 
We  have  drank  from  the  same  canteen.  " 

September  6.  We  move  four  miles  up  the  valley  and  go 
into  camp,  and  remain  until  the  morning  of  the  eighth,  and 
march  to  the  top  of  Lookout. 

September  9.  Descend  the  mountain  on  the  east  and  strike 
the  enemy  in  the  evening  at  Alpine,  about  3  o'clock.  The  w^hole 
brigade,  with  artillery,  engaged,  and  have  a  sharp  fight  for  an 


—110- 
hour.  The  First  is  ordered  to  the  right,  and  Company  G,  under 
Captain  Frankenberger,  and  Company  M,  under  Lieutenant 
Curry,  move  forward  as  skirmishers,  and,  by  some  misunder 
standing,  the  balance  of  the  regiment  is  halted,  and  these  two 
companies  are  exposed  to  a  heavy  fire  from  the  enemy  for  twenty 
or  thirty  minutes.  Five  men  of  Company  M,  and  several  of 
Company  G  wounded.  Total  loss  in  the  First,  thirty.  We  soon 
drive  the  enemy  from  their  position,  and  learn  from  prisoners 
that  we  are  fighting  Wheeler's  cavalry. 

September  10.  The  brigade  made  a  reconnoissance  up  the 
valley  on  the  Chattanooga  road,  strike  the  enemy  in  the  even 
ing  and  have  a  running  fight,  drive  them  a  few  miles  and  return 
to  Alpine.  Lay  in  camp  all  day  of  the  eleventh,  and  on  the 
morning  of  the  twelfth  move  out  on  the  Lafayette  and  Chatta 
nooga  road;  have  a  skirmish,  take  a  few  prisoners  and  lay 
in  line  of  battle  all  night  with  horses  saddled. 

September  13.  This  is  Sabbath  morning  and  we  move 
early;  march  ten  miles  and  strike  the  rebel  cavalry,  drive  them 
and  run  into  a  brigade  of  infantry,  charge  them  and  take  twenty 
prisoners,  with  a  loss  of  three  killed  and  ten  wounded.  Learn 
from  prisoners  that  a  corps  of  the  rebel  army  is  camped  at 
Lafayette.  We  move  back  down  the  valley  to  Alpine,  our  men 
much  worn  out,  as  the  weather  is  very  warm  and  this  has  surely 
been  the  dustiest  day's  march  we  have  ever  had. 

The  Confederate  General,  A.  D.  Hill,  in  his  account  of  the 
battle  of  Chickamauga,  published  in  the  Century  Magazine,  April, 
1887,  says  that  he  was  encamped  at  Lafayette  on  that  day, 
with  his  division,  and  says  "that  when  the  attack  was 
made  the  boldness  of  the  attack  by  these  two  regiments 
of  cavalry,  the  First  and  Third  Ohio,  convinced  me  that  an 
infantry  column  was  not  far  off."  "General  Folk's  brigade  was 
hurried  dowrn  from  Pigeon  Mountain,  and  all  preparations  were 
made  for  a  great  battle." 

September  14.  Take  the  pass  and  march  to  the  top  of 
Lookout,  and  on  the  fifteenth  move  across  the  mountain  towards 
Neal's  Pass,  strike  rebel  bauds  and  charge  them,  Companies  G 
and  M  in  advance,  taking  many  prisoners. 

September  16.  Go  down  Doherty  Pass  into  McLamoore's 
Cove  after  forage.  We  can  see  heavy  clouds  of  dust  rising  to 
the  northeast  from  the  moving  armies  twenty-five  miles  distant. 

September  17.  Lay  in  camp  all  day,  both  armies  maneuver 
ing  for  position,  and  a  great  battle  is  momentarily  expected. 

September  18.  Make  a  reconnoissance  down  Xeal's  Pass 
and  return  to  camp. 

September  19.  Strike  tents  and  march  down  the  mountain 
into  McLaMoore's  Cove,  distance  of  twenty  miles.  My  com 
pany  on  picket  to-night,  close  to  the  enemy's  lines. 

September  20.     March  at  daybreak  and  form  a   junction 


— Ill— 

with  the  right  wing  of  our  army  near  Crawfish  Springs,  and 
form  our  line  of  battle  at  9  o'clock,  and  before  we  get  into  line 
the  rebel  batteries  are  shelling  us.  Our  brigade  engages  the 
enemy  immediately  and  soon  the  rattle  of  our  carbines  breaks 
the  stillness  of  this  calm  and  beautiful  Sabbath  morning.  The 
battle  rages  for  two  hours  with  dismounted  cavalry  and  our 
brave  boys  of  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  battery.  Our  lines 
were  being  rapidly  pressed  back,  and  by  some  blunder  or  mis 
understanding  in  an  order  the  First  Ohio  was  ordered  to  mount 
and  charge  a  line  of  rebel  infantry.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Cupp, 
commanding  the  regiment,  gave  the  command,  "draw  saber," 
and  led  his  regiment  forward  into  the  cornfield,  and  had  just 
formed  for  the  charge  when  the  blunder  was  discovered,  and 
the  order  countermanded.  Had  they  made  this  charge,  scarcely 
a  man  could  have  escaped,  as  a  solid  line  of  infantry  was  advanc 
ing.  Just  at  this  moment  Colonel  Cupp  was  killed  and  almost 
one  fifth  of  the  rank  and  file  w^ere  killed  and  wounded. 

The  brigade  fell  back  slowly  through  the  woods,  keeping 
up  a  heavy  fire  on  the  advancing  columns  of  Confederate  in 
fantry.  The  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery  remained  with 
the  rear  line  and  kept  up  a  continuous  fire  from  her  guns,  and 
sent  shot  and  shell  crashing  through  the  rebel  lines. 

The  brigade  fell  back  seven  or  eight  hundred  yards  to  Craw 
fish  Springs  and  formed  in  some  old  fields  and  awaited  with 
drawn  sabers  the  attack  from  the  enemy,  but  it  seemed  that 
they  were  not  in  condition  to  renew  the  attack,  and  skirmishers 
were  immediately  advanced  from  the  brigade  to  reconnoiter 
the  front,  and  moved  forward  without  any  resistance  from  the 
enemy  and  took  possession  of  the  field,  bringing  off  many  of 
our  wounded,  including  Colonel  Cupp. 

Our  Surgeons  established  a  hospital  in  the  brick  house  at 
Crawfish  Springs  and  left  several  nurses  when  we  moved  back 
in  the  woods,  and  here  Colonel  Cupp  died  about  4  o'clock  that 
evening. 

We  stood  in  line  of  battle  about  two  hours,  from  2  to  4 
o'clock.  During  all  this  time  the  thundering  of  Thomas'  artillery 
was  heard  on  the  left,  and  I  have  always  believed  that  this 
was  the  heaviest  artillery  firing  we  heard  during  the  war. 

In  this  battle  our  brigade  lost  145  men  out  of  900  in  line. 
Of  niy  old  Company  K,  Sergeant  J.  W.  Chapin  was  severely 
wounded,  and  was  left  on  the  field  and  reported  dead  for  three 
months.  Among  others  wounded  were  Sergeant  C.  S.  Irwin, 
John  Young,  Billy  Hiser,  and  Abe  Orr  killed.  My  OAvn  horse 
was  shot,  and  after  Sergeant  Irwin  was  put  into  an  ambulance, 
I  mounted  his  horse,  which  I  think  saved  me  from  falling  into 
the  hands  of  the  enemy.  I  remember  that  Irwin's  saddle  was 
covered  with  blood,  and  he  had  bled  so  profusely  that  the  blood 
run  down  both  his  horse's  fore  legs  and  down  over  the  hoofs, 


—112— 

and  he  remained  in  that  condition  several  days.  About  4  o'clock 
we  commenced  falling  back,  and  marched  until  about  2  o'clock 
in  the  morning.  It  was  a  cold,  frosty  night,  and  as  the  army 
fell  back  fences,  cotton  gins  and  other  buildings  were  burned 
and  kept  a  bright  light  along  the  route. 

We  laid  in  line  of  battle  the  balance  of  the  night,  and  early 
on  the  morning  of  the  twenty-first  we  wheeled  our  lines  and 
moved  out  cautiously  to  meet  the  advancing  lines  of  the  ent.'iny. 
After  marching  down  the  valley  about  two  miles  we  struck 
their  skirmishers  and  we  deployed  and  formed  in  line  of  battle. 
After  halting,  I  remember  of  looking  down  the  line  as  the  men 
sat  on  their  horses  at  an  "advance  carbine,"  all  intensely  watch 
ing  the  advancing  columns  of  the  enemy  that  were  plainly  in 
view  across  some  open  fields  with  colors  flying  and  bayonets 
glistening  in  the  bright  September  sun.  Many  faces  in  our 
line  were  pale,  but  no  sign  of  wavering  as  we  momentarily  ex 
pected  the  battle  to  open,  and  it  impressed  me  as  being  the 
grandest  scene  I  had  ever  looked  upon.  Now  and  then  a  puff 
of  white  smoke  would  rise  and  a  minnie  ball  would  come  zip 
through  the  branches  over  our  heads. 

An  incident  occurred  just  at  this  time  in  front  of  our  line 
that  touched  the  heart  of  many  a  grim  and  sun-bronzed  veteran. 
The  First  Ohio  was  formed  on  the  left  of  the  road  and  just  as 
we  moved  "front  into  line,"  a  battery  (perhaps  the  Chicago  Board 
of  Trade)  came  down  the  road  on  the  gallop  and  went  crashing 
through  the  brush  and  over  the  logs  on  the  right  of  the  road. 
Immediately  in  front  of  their  line  and  but  a  few  yards  distant 
was  a  little  pine  log  cabin  with  a  few  acres  cleared  around 
it.  Hearing  a  piercing  cry  as  if  coming  from  the  cabin,  and 
looking  in  that  direction,  we  saw  a  woman  running  from  the 
door  and  through  the  yard  with  a  child  in  her  arms  and  two 
or  three  other  small  children  clinging  to  her  dress.  The  mother 
and  children  were  all  screaming  most  pitifully.  In  front  of 
them  was  the  rebel  line,  in  the  rear  was  our  line.  Halting  for 
a  moment  at  the  rail  fence  around  the  yard,  she  looked  implor 
ingly  around,  and  after  lifting  the  children  over  the  fence,  and 
with  the  babe  in  her  arms  and  another  little  one  clinging  to 
her  hand,  she  started  through  the  little  cornfield  parallel  to 
our  line,  while  the  balls  from  the  skirmish  lines  of  the  enemy 
were  cutting  the  corn  blades  on  every  side.  But  she  seemed 
to  have  a  charmed  life  and  soon  disappeared  in  the  woods  on 
the  right,  and  a  fervent  "thank  God"  went  up  from  the  long 
line  of  blue,  and  not  one  of  these  old  veterans,  that  could  stand 
unmoved  amid  the  carnage  of  battle,  but  would  have  risked 
his  life  between  those  two  skirmish  lines  to  save  that  mother 
and  her  little  ones.  This  was  a  very  touching  incident  and  I, 
with  many  others,  no  doubt,  have  often  wondered  what  became 
of  the  mother  and  children. 


—113— 

After  a  sharp  skirmish,  the  firing  ceased,  and  we  lay  in  line 
of  battle  all  day.  In  the  evening  we  moved  out  and  felt  the 
line  in  front,  and  found  it  strong  and  in  very  close  proximity 
to  ours.  Our  skirmish  lines  were  so  near  together  that  our  boys 
got  up  a  conversation  with  the  Johnnies  about  dark,  one  reb 
singing  out,  "When's  you  all  going  dow^n  to  Atlanta?'7  and  an 
other  asking,  "Where  is  old  Granny  Burnsides  now?"  To  both 
of  these  questions  our  boys  were  not  able  to  give  a  very  satis 
factory  answer.  We  lay  in  line  all  night  holding  our  horses 
by  the  bridle  and  ready  to  mount  at  the  first  gun. 

On  the  morning  of  the  twenty-second  General  Long  came 
galloping  out  to  the  front  and  directed  our  Colonel  to  "Mount 
his  regiment  and  to  order  his  pickets  to  join  the  regiment  and 
fall  back  rapidly  up  the  Chattanooga  Valley."  We  were  soon 
in  the  saddle  moving  to  the  rear,  and  after  marching  two  or  three 
miles  the  rebel  skirmishers  began  firing  into  our  right  flank, 
and  a  battery  soon  opened  out  and  the  shells  came  falling  thick 
and  fast  into  our  ranks.  Companies  G  and  M  of  the  First  were 
ordered  by  General  Long  to  charge  into  the  woods  to  the  right 
and  check  the  advance.  Captain  Frankenberger  had  command 
of  Company  G,  and  I  was  in  command  of  Company  M,  and  just 
as  we  struck  the  woods  Captain  Frankenberger  said  to  me,  "Bill, 
Colonel  Long  never  expects  us  to  get  out  of  this,  but  I  do,  and 
as  soon  as  we  strike  the  advance  we  will  fire  a  volley  and  get 
out  of  here  most  devilish  quick."  Wre  moved  forward  very  cau 
tiously,  and  had  not  pentrated  the  pine  wroods  but  a  short  dis 
tance  when  the  rebel  skirmish  line  opened  fire  on  us,  which  we 
answered  with  a  volley  from  our  carbines,  then  moved  "twos 
left  about"  and  fell  back  rapidly  into  the  valley,  which  wre 
reached  to  find  that  the  command  was  almost  out  of  sight,  per 
haps  a  mile  distant.  Sergeant  Young  was  just  coming  in  with 
the  pickets,  and  joining  our  squadron,  we  all  moved  up  the 
valley  at  a  brisk  gallop. 

Just  as  we  overtook  the  command,  the  shells  commenced 
falling  thick  and  fast  from  a  rebel  battery  over  the  ridge  to 
the  right.  Our  division  dismounted,  and,  forming  line,  wre  moved 
up  the  ridge,  and  a  division  of  infantry,  that  had  been  sent  out 
from  Chattanooga  to  reinforce  us,  formed  on  our  left.  After  a 
brisk  skirmish  and  driving  the  rebel  line  back  some  distance,  we 
then  fell  back  to  our  horses,  and  mounting,  marched  up  the  Chat 
tanooga  Valley,  past  the  signal  station  at  Soinerville,  on  Look 
out  Mountain,  and  into  Chattanooga. 

The  first  indication  we  had  that  we  were  nearing  Chat 
tanooga  was  in  seeing  the  black  smoke  rising  from  many  burn 
ing  buildings  on  the  outskirts  of  the  city  that  were  in  the  range 
of  our  batteries  in  the  fortifications.  We  marched  through  the 
breastworks  and  into  Chattanooga  about  1  o'clock  P.  M.,  Tues 
day,  September  22,  and  as  we  have  always  understood,  the  last 


—114— 

troop  of  Bosecrans'  array  to  reach  Chattanooga  after  the  battle 
of  Chickamauga. 

Thousands  of  army  wagons,  ambulances,  and  mule  teams 
were  crowded  and  jammed  in  the  narrow  streets,  all  anxiously 
and  impatiently  awaiting  their  turn  to  cross  the  one  pontoon 
bridge  across  the  Tennessee  River.  After  halting  a  short  time, 
our  command  forded  the  river  just  within  the  city  limits,  to 
the  northeast. 

Thus  ended  the  Chickamauga  campaign,  beginning  at  Mur- 
freesboro,  June  24,  and  culminating  in  the  hard-fought  battle 
of  Chickamauga,  September  19  and  20,  1863,  being  one  of  the 
most  brilliant  campaigns  of  the  war,  and  General  Eosecrans 
could  truly  say,  as  did  Sherman  after  the  capture  of  Atlanta, 
"Chattanooga  is  ours,  and  fairly  won." 


MONUMENT  1sr.  O.  V.  C. 


Monument  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  at  Chtckamauga. 


The  ground  selected  for  locating  the  monument  of  the  First, 
Third  and  Fourth  Ohio  Cavalry  was  near  the  house  of  Widow 
Weather's,  but  it  was  afterwards  moved  further  north  and  east, 
and  the  monument  is  now  located  about  three  hundred  feet 
west  from  the  Widow  Glen's  house,  where  General  Rosecrans 
had  his  headquarters,  and  between  Dry  Valley  Road  and  the 
railroad  now  running  from  Chattanooga  to  Eome,  about  four 
hundred  yards  south  from  Bloody  Pond,  and  a  half  mile 
from  Battle  Station  on  the  Chattanooga  and  Kome  Kailroad, 
and  was  erected  by  the  State  of  Ohio  at  a  cost  of  $1500.  The 
photograph,  from  which  the  cut  of  the  monument  published 
in  this  history,  was  made,  was  taken  on  the  field  after  the  mon 
ument  was  erected,  the  front  facing  the  east  and  toward  the 
Widow  Glen's  house,  showing  the  pine  trees  in  the  rear,  and 
the  forest  across  Dry  Valley,  toward  the  west  and  south  of 
the  Vidito  house.  The  monument  is  about  eleven  feet  high,  and 
nine  feet  wide.  In  the  cut  published  is  shown  the  front  of 
the  monument,  and  on  the  other  side  the  following  inscription 
appears : 

FIRST  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 

Organized  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  August  17  to  October  5,  1861. 

Re-enlisted  January  4,  1864. 
Mustered  out  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  September  13,  1865. 

Fought  at  Glass'  Mills  on  Chickamauga  Creek,  five  and  one-half 
miles  due  S.  W.  from  this  point  from  10  A.  M.  to  1  P.  M., 
September  20,  1863.  Held  second  line  at  Crawfish  Springs 
until  4  P.  M.,  then  fell  back  by  road  in  rear  of  Lee  House, 
N.  W.  across  ridge  to  Chattanooga  Valley.  Colonel  Cupp 
mortally  wounded  12  M.  September  20;  died  at  Lee  House, 
4  P.  M. 


—116— 

OFFICERS    COMMANDING. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Valentine  Cupp,  Commanding 
Regiment. 

Captain  G.  F.  Conn Company  B 

Lieutenant  J.  W.  Kirkendall Company  D 

Lieutenant  A.  D.  Lutz Company  E 

Captain  Lafayette  Pickering Company  F 

Captain  J.  C.  Frankenberger Company  G 

Lieutenant  D.  A.  Roush Company  H 

Captain  J.  P.  Rea Company  I 

Captain  W.  H.  Woodlief Company  K 

Captain  J.  D.  Barker Company  L 

Lieutenant  W.  L.  Curry Company  M 

The  First,  Third  and  Fourth  are  the  only  monuments  of 
Ohio  cavalry  regiments  erected  on  the  Chickamauga  battle-field. 
Ohio  has  erected  on  the  battle-field  of  Chickamauga  fifty-five 
monuments,  as  follows: 

INFANTRY    REGIMENTS. 

1,  2,  6,  9,  10,  11,  13,  14,  15,  17,  18,  19,  21,  24,  26,  31,  33,  35, 
36,  40,  41,  49,  51,  52,  59,  64,  65,  69,  74,  89,  90,  92,  93,  94,  98,  99, 
101,  105,  113,  121,  124,  125,  regiments. 

CAVALRY    REGIMENTS. 
First,  Third  and  Fourth  Regiments. 

FIRST    BATTALION    OHIO    SHARP-SHOOTERS. 
ARTILLERY. 

Independent  Batteries  Ohio  Light  Artillery,  Sixth,  Eight 
eenth  and  Twentieth. 

Batteries  A,  B,  C,  F,  G  and  M,  First  Regiment,  Ohio  Light 
Artillery. 

Ohio  had  a  larger  representation  here  than  on  any  other 
battle-field  of  the  war,  and  more  soldiers  here  than  came  from 
any  other  state  in  the  Union  on  the  Union  side,  and  more  than 
came  from  any  state  on  the  Confederate  side,  excepting  Ten 
nessee  alone. 


Maj.  (",en.  C.eorge  Crook. 


Chickamauga  Campaign. 


June,  July,  August  and  September,  1863. 

When  General  Rosecrans'  army  advanced  from  Murfrees- 
boro  on  the  twenty-fourth  day  of  June,  1863,  Bragg  was  strongly 
entrenched  north  of  Duck  River,  his  line  extending  from  McMinn- 
ville  on  the  right  to  Columbia  on  his  left  flank.  Rosecraus  first 
made  a  feint  as  if  he  intended  attacking  Bragg's  left,  but  his 
objective  was  the  right  of  Bragg's  army.  The  enemy  was  driven 
through  Liberty  Gap  and  Hoover's  Gap  on  the  twenty-fourth, 
and  on  the  twenty-fifth  a  severe  battle  was  fought  at  Liberty 
Gap,  the  Union  troops  engaged  being  Johnson's  division,  and 
our  loss  was  two  hundred  and  thirty  killed  and  wounded,  but 
that  of  the  enemy  was  much  heavier,  as  they  made  the  assault 
against  a  very  strong  position  held  by  our  troops,  and  lost,  in 
killed  and  wounded,  eight  hundred  and  fifty.  On  the  twenty- 
sixth,  Thomas  made  steady  advance  towards  Manchester,  and 
had  some  sharp  fighting,  and  on  the  twenty-seventh  drove  the 
enemy  out  of  Manchester,  taking  a  number  of  prisoners.  On  the 
same  day  the  cavalry,  under  Stanley,  attacked  Wheeler's  cav 
alry  at  Shelbyville,  captured  a  battery,  with  five  hundred  pris 
oners,  drove  the  enemy  across  the  bridge  at  Duck  River,  and 
about  two  hundred  of  the  enemy  were  killed  or  driven  into  the 
river  and  drowned.  There  was  only  one  bridge,  and  as  there 
was  a  regular  stampede,  many  men  and  horses  were  forced  off 
the  bridge,  and  as  the  stream  was  deep  and  rapid,  both  men 
and  horses  were  drowned.  By  the  thirtieth  Rosecrans'  whole 
army  was  in  front  of  Tullahoma,  and  as  the  enemy  was  strongly 
fortified,  it  was  expected  that  he  would  give  battle,  but  on  the 
night  of  the  thirtieth  Bragg  evacuated  Tullahoma,  retreated 
rapidly  across  Elk  River,  with  our  army  in  hot  pursuit.  The 
cavalry  had  some  sharp  fighting  at  Elk  River,  but  the  stream  was 
at  high  flood,  as  it  had  been  raining  almost  continuously  since 
the  twenty-fourth,  and  the  waters  in  all  streams  were  so  high 
that  but  little  progress  could  be  made  after  Bragg  had  crossed 
Elk  River.  Rosecrans'  loss  in  the  nine  days'  campaign  was  about 


—118— 

one  hundred  killed  and  five  hundred  wounded.  We  took  one  thou 
sand  six  hundred  and  twenty  nine  prisoners,  eleven  pieces  of 
artillery,  and  while  Bragg's  loss  in  killed  is  not  known,  yet  it 
is  safe  to  say  that  his  loss,  in  killed  and  wounded,  was  one 
thousand,  as  he  lost  eight  hundred  and  fifty  at  Liberty  Gap.  A 
brief  rest  was  then  given  both  of  our  armies,  excepting  our  cav 
alry.  On  the  twelfth  of  July,  Stanley,  with  his  whole  cavalry 
force,  started  on  a  great  cavalry  raid  through  Northern  Alabama 
via  Huntsville.  This  expedition  was  gone  about  two  weeks  and 
brought  back  three  hundred  prisoners,  fifteen  hundred  horses 
and  mules,  twelve  hundred  cattle  and  sheep,  and  six  hundred 
negroes,  with  a  vast  amount  of  provisions.  As  Kosecrans  \vas 
getting  farther  away  from  his  base  of  supplies,  it  now  required 
about  one-fourth  of  his  effective  force  to  guard  his  communica 
tion  back  to  Louisville,  and  this  important  matter  gave  him 
great  concern  in  preparing  for  the  next  forward  movement  of 
his  army.  Chattanooga  was  his  objective,  and  his  army  com 
menced  the  movement  across  the  Cumberland  Mountains  August 
16.  By  the  fourth  of  September  our  army  was  all  across  the 
Tennessee  River,  and  they  began  to  advance  over  Sand  Moun 
tain.  Rosecrans  had  now  decided  to  move  on  Bragg's  communi 
cation  through  the  mountain  passes  to  the  south,  instead  of 
attacking  him  at  Chattanooga,  and  the  movement  was  com 
menced  at  once. 

The  cavalry  under  Stanley,  with  two  brigades  from  Mc- 
Cook's  corps  of  infantry,  crossed  the  Tennessee  River,  below 
Stevenson,  and  made  a  reconnoissance  toward  Lafayette,  Ga. 
On  the  eighth  Bragg  evacuated  Chattanooga  and  Rosecrans  took 
possession  of  that  stronghold  without  even  a  skirmish,  and  Gen 
eral  Crittenden's  troops  were  the  first  to  occupy  the  town. 
Rosecrans  was  led  to  believe  that  Bragg  was  retreating,  when 
in  fact  he  was  concentrating  his  army  for  the  purpose  of  strik 
ing  Rosecrans'  army  in  detail  as  they  emerged  from  the  moun 
tain  passes.  Rosecrans'  army  passed  over  Lookout  and  Sand 
Mountains  as  rapidly  as  possible,  and  on  the  ninth  Stanley's  cav 
alry  had  a  sharp  fight  at  Alpine  and  ascertained  that  Bragg 
was  not  retreating.  From  the  ninth  to  the  nineteenth  there 
was  continuous  maneuvering  by  both  armies  and  several  severe 
engagements.  Through  the  coves,  valleys  and  mountain  gaps 
troops  were  kept  on  the  march,  each  wiley  commander  striving 
for  the  mastery,  and  it  seems  that  each  commander  was  com 
pletely  deceived  as  to  the  designs  of  the  other.  Stanley's  cavalry 
made  a  reconnoissance  from  Alpine  toward  Lafayette  on  the 
thirteenth,  had  a  sharp  fight,  took  some  prisoners,  and  found 
that  Hill's  division  of  Longstreet's  corps  was  at  Lafayette,  and 
this  was  the  first  intimation  we  had  received  that  Longstreet's 
troops  had  arrived.  McCook,  with  Stanley's  cavalry,  ascended 
the  mountain  on  the  night  of  the  thirteenth  and  marched  along 


CRAWFISH   SPRING — THK  OLD   WHKEL 


—119— 

the  mountain  road  to  Stevens'  Gap,  where  they  descended  and 
Crook's  cavalry  division  was  stationed  at  Dougherty's  Gap. 
Bragg  having  failed  to  crush  Rosecrans'  army  in  "detail/7  de 
cided  to  give  battle  by  attacking  the  left  of  the  Union  army 
and  concentrated  his  army  for  that  purpose,  but  Rosecrans, 
anticipating  his  design,  moved  several  divisions  to  his  left  dur 
ing  the  night  of  the  eighteenth  and  on  the  morning  of  the  nine 
teenth  General  Thomas  confronted  Bragg's  right  ready  for  bat 
tle.  The  fight  opened  on  our  extreme  left  and  the  battle  was 
soon  raging  from  left  to  right.  The  battle  opened  at  7:30  near 
Jay's  Mills  between  Croxton's  brigade  of  the  Union  army  and 
Forest's  cavalry,  dismounted,  and  raged  with  great  fury  all 
day  and  into  the  night,  and  the  two  armies  surged  back  and 
forth  many  times  on  different  parts  of  the  line,  with  varying 
success,  and  when  the  battle  ended  on  the  night  of  the  nine 
teenth  Rosecrans  held  the  roads  and  passes  between  Bragg 
and  Chattanooga,  and  the  slaughter  in  both  armies  had  been 
fearful.  The  night  of  the  nineteenth  was  one  of  great  anxiety 
to  the  commanders  and  a  busy  night  for  the  troops  moving 
into  position  for  the  great  struggle  which  the  soldiers  of  both 
armies  felt  assured  would  take  place  on  the  twentieth  for  the 
possession  of  the  Lafayette  Road.  Many  changes  were  made  in 
the  formation  of  the  lines  and  the  troops  from  the  right  of  the 
Union  line  were  shifted  to  the  left  and  near  the  center  of  the 
Union  army. 

The  battle  opened  on  the  morning  of  the  twentieth,  about 
9:30  o'clock,  by  Breckenridge's  division  attacking  Baird,  and 
Beatty's  brigade  of  the  Union  army  and  Helm's  brigade  of  the 
Confederate  army  were  so  shattered  that  they  were  both  com 
pelled  to  withdraw  from  the  field.  The  fighting  on  the  Union 
left  was  terrific,  as  Breckenridge  was  desperate  in  his  effort  to 
turn  and  envelope  the  left  flank  of  Rosecrans'  army.  From  early 
morn  of  that  bright  September  Sabbath  day  until  dark,  shot  and 
shell  were  hissing  and  screaming  through  the  pine  forests  along 
the  Chickamauga  and  mowing  great  swathes  among  the  ranks 
of  the  blue  and  the  gray.  The  battle  lines  swayed  back  and 
forth,  now  in  the  thick  woods  and  again  across  the  open  fields, 
with  wounded,  dead  and  dying  of  both  armies  mingled  together, 
and  when  darkness  hovered  over  the  field  of  blood  and  carnage, 
both  armies  were  exhausted  and  there  had  been  but  little  change 
in  the  lines  excepting  on  the  right  of  the  Union  army.  It  is 
not  possible  in  the  meagre  space  that  can  be  used  in  a  regi 
mental  history  to  enter  into  the  details  of  any  great  battle,  and 
in  writing  of  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  the  author  can  only 
skeletonize,  and  give  the  strength  of  the  opposing  armies  with 
losses.  As  it  is  well  known  to  every  reader,  the  Union  army 
was  pierced  in  the  center  by  Long-street's  forces,  and  the  Union 
right  was  swept  from  the  field  back  through  McFarland's  Gap, 


—120— 

and  Rosecrans,  with  a  number  of  prominent  corps  and  division 
commanders,  did  not  halt  until  they  reached  Chattanooga,  leav 
ing  General  Thomas  to  fight  the  whole  Confederate  army.  From 
noon  until  dark,  with  five  divisions,  the  Bock  of  Chickamauga 
held  his  lines  and  beat  back  the  fierce  assaults  of  the  Confeder 
ates  for  six  long  hours,  and  then  withdrew  his  troops  in  good 
order,  thus  saving  our  army  from  total  defeat.  Van  Horn, 
in  his  history  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  uses  the  follow 
ing  language  regarding  the  crisis  in  the  battle  when  Steedman's 
division  of  Granger's  corps  arrived  on  the  field: 

"The  noise  of  the  conflict  had  penetrated  the  murky  cloud 
which  overhung  the  bloody  field,  and  reached  General  Granger 
far  to  the  left  and  rear,  suggested  the  need  of  his  troops  where 
the  battle  was  so  hotly  raging.  Accordingly,  he  had  moved 
forward  rapidly,  in  disregard  of  the  enemy's  effort  to  arrest  his 
progress,  and  at  the  moment  of  greatest  need  reported  to  General 
Thomas  with  two  brigades.  As  the  enemy  moved  down  the 
northern  slope  of  the  ridge  toward  the  rear  of  Brannan  and 
Wood,  Whittaker's  and  Mitchell's  brigades  of  Steedman's  divis 
ion,  with  a  fury  born  of  the  impending  peril,  charged  the  foe 
and  drove  him  over  the  ridge,  and  then  formed  a  line  of  battle 
from  Brannan's  right  to  the  hill  above  Viditos,  in  front  of 
Longstreet's  left  flank.  In  gaining  this  position  there  was  heavy 
loss,  but  if  the  issue  of  battle  has  ever  given  compensation  for 
the  loss  of  valuable  lives,  it  was  this  action,  for  the  opportune 
aid  of  these  two  brigades  saved  the  army  from  defeat  and  rout." 

General  H.  V.  Boynton,  in  his  history  of  the  battle  of  Chick 
amauga,  gives  the  strength  of  the  two  armies  and  losses  as 
follows : 

"The  battle  of  Chickamauga,  aside  from  its  sanguinary 
features,  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable  of  the  whole  war, 
inasmuch  as  neither  army  was  victorious  and  each  withdrew 
from  the  field.  The  pen  of  the  critic  has  been  busy  with  this 
memorable  engagement  for  many  years,  but  it  is  not  the  prov 
ince  of  the  writer  to  say  who  was  or  is  right,  or  wTho  wrong;  it 
is  sufficient  to  know  that,  however  the  battle  was  conducted, 
General  Rosecrans  obtained  his  object,  the  occupation  and  reten 
tion  of  Cha_ttanooga. 

"The  losses  sustained  by  both  armies  in  this  conflict  were 
simply  appalling.  Each  commander  claimed  he  fought  superior 
numbers,  and  in  the  absence  of  official  reports  dependence  is 
had  upon  the  estimates  of  officers  who  were  in  position  to  know. 
General  Rosecrans  had  in  action  thirty  brigades  of  infantry,  five 
of  cavalry,  one  of  mounted  infantry  and  thirty-three  batteries, 
aggregating  50,160  officers  and  enlisted  men.  His  casualties 
'  were  1,656  killed,  including  General  Lytle,  9,749  wounded,  among 
them  Generals  King,  Starkweather  and  Whittakor,  and  4,774 
missing,  a  total  of  16,179.  General  Bragg  had  on  the  field  thirty- 


—121— 

five  brigades  of  infantry,  ten  of  cavalry  and  about  thirty  bat 
teries,  probably  all  told,  65,000.  He  lost  in  general  officers,  Bri 
gade  Generals  Deshler,  Helm,  Preston  and  Smith,  killed;  Major- 
General  Hood  and  Brigade  Generals  Adams,  Benning,  Brown, 
Bunn,  Clayton,  Cleburne,  Gregg  and  McNair,  wounded;  2,389 
officers  and  enlisted  men  killed,  13,412  wounded  and  2,000  miss 
ing,  a  total  of  17,801,  and  a  combined  total  of  33,980. 

"All  things  considered,  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  for  the 
forces  engaged,  was  the  hardest  fought  and  the  bloodiest  battle 
of  the  Rebellion.  Hindman,  who  fought  our  right  at  Horseshoe 
Ridge,  says  in  his  official  report  that  he  had  'never  known  Federal 
troops  to  fight  so  well/  and  that  'he  never  saw  Confederate  sol 
diers  fight  better.7 

"To  the  enemy  the  results  of  the  engagement  proved  a  vic 
tory  barren  of  any  lasting  benefits,  and  produced  no  adequate 
results  to  the  immense  drain  on  the  resources  of  his  army.  In 
a  number  of  places  Bragg's  official  report  shows  that  his  army 
was  so  crippled  that  he  was  not  able  to  strengthen  one  portion 
of  his  line,  when  needed,  with  troops  from  another  part  of  the 
field,  and  after  the  conflict  was  over  his  array  wras  so  cut  up 
that  it  was  impossible  for  him  to  followT  up  his  apparent  success 
and  secure  possession  of  the  objective  point  of  the  campaign  - 
Chattanooga.  This  great  gateway  of  the  mountains  remaining 
in  the  possession  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  after  Bragg 
had  paid  the  heavy  price  he  did  at  Chickamauga,  proves  that 
this  battle  was  a  victory  only  in  name,  and  a  careful  examination 
of  the  results  and  their  costs  will  show  how  exceedingly  small 
it  was  to  the  enemy.'7 

Headquarters  Fourteenth  Army  Corps, 

Crumpton's  Creek,  July  1,  1863. 
Major-General  Reynolds,  Commanding  Fourth  Division: 

Orders  have  been  given  to  General  Brannan  to  send  Sted- 
man's  brigade  forwrard  to  reconnoiter  as  near  Tullahoma  as 
possible.  The  General  directs  that  you  support  his  left  with 
your  two  regiments  and  what  cavalry  you  have  at  your  disposal. 
It  is  believed  from  pretty  good  authority  that  the  last  of  the 
rebels  left  Tullahoma  last  night.  You  will  be  prepared  to  move 
should  this  information  prove  authentic. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

GEO.  E.  FLYNT, 
Assistant  Adjutant-General  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

The  above  order  was  issued  on  the  information  furnished 
by  Company  K,  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry.  On  the  morning 
of  the  first  a  man  by  the  name  of  Duncan  was  shot  on  the  picket 
line  in  front  of  Company  K  and  badly  w^ounded,  and  he  stated 
that  Tullahoma  was  evacuated.  This  information  was  immedi- 


—122— 

ately  transmitted  to  General  Thomas  by  Lieutenant  Curry  and 
the  above  order  was  issued  at  once,  and  Company  K  led  the 
advance  of  Reynolds'  division  into  Tullahonia. 

Extracts  from  report  of  D.  S.  Stanley,  Chief  of  Cavalry: 

Camp  near  Winchester,  July  8,  1863. 

We  arrived  at  this  place  at  1  P.  M.  and  found  that  the  small 
force  under  General  Turchin's  command  had  been  repulsed  in 
their  attempt  to  cross  in  the  forenoon,  and  immediately  meas 
ures  were  taken  to  force  the  passage.  This  was  effected  with 
little  opposition,  a  fortunate  circumstance,  as  the  current  was 
swift  and  almost  swam  a  horse.  Colonel  Long's  small  brigade 
crossed  first,  and  was  soon  engaged  in  a  very  heavy  skirmish 
with  the  enemy's  cavalry,  driving  them  in  the  direction  of 
Decherd. 

This  skirmish  was  disastrous  to  the  enemy,  one  of  his  Col 
onels  being  killed  and  one  mortally  wounded,  who  fell  into 
our  hands,  besides  twenty  killed  and  many  wounded  left  on  the 
field. 

Camp  of  First  Ohio  Cavalry, 
Near  Winchester,  Tenn.,  July  9,  1863. 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  report  the  operations  of  the  four 
companies,  B,  D,  H  and  K,  detached  from  the  brigade  on  the 
thirtieth  of  June.  I  was  ordered  to  report  to  General  Brannan 
on  the  Winchester  road,  and  from  him  ordered  to  report  to 
General  Crook  for  picket  duty.  The  General  ordered  me  to 
call  in  my  pickets  and  take  position  on  the  right  of  his  advance. 
My  position  on  the  march  placed  me  in  a  dense  thicket.  We 
had  more  or  less  skirmishing  all  the  way  to  Elk  Kiver.  Late 
in  the  afternoon  of  July  2,  the  enemy  fired  on  my  extreme  right 
from  the  brush.  The  three  companies  were  immediately  fronted 
into  line,  commanded  respectively,  Captain  Conn,  of  Company 
B,  Captain  Erwin,  of  Company  D,  and  Lieutenant  Ixoush,  of 
Company  H,  and  commenced  firing  immediately,  which  lasted 
for  about  fifteen  or  twenty  minutes,  before  the  enemy's  firing 
ceased.  It  is  with  regret  that  I  have  to  announce  the  death 
of  Private  Jackson  Hickman,  of  Company  H,  who  was  killed 
instantly  while  gallantly  and  faithfully  performing  his  duty. 

I  had  two  horses  killed  and  ten  men  wounded. 

JAMES  N.  SCOTT, 
Major,  Commanding  Detachment  First  O.  V.  C. 

Report  of  Major-General  David  S.  Stanley,  U.  S.  Army: 

Winchester,  July  22,  1863. 

General:  I  arrived  here  this  morning.  Long's  brigade  is 
at  Pulaski.  Long  will  go  to  Lawrenceburg  and  further  if  I 


THE  NATIONAL  PARK  AND  ITS  APPROACHES. 


—123— 

can  hear  anything  from  Biffie,  and  attack  him.  I  brought  away 
in  all  about  300  contrabands,  collected  about  500  cattle,  and  the 
same  number  of  horses  and  mules.  A  force  of  10,000  could  be 
subsisted  in  the  Huntsville  country  —  plenty  of  corn,  mutton 
and  beef,  and  if  we  don't  eat,  the  rebels  will. 
Major-General  W.  S.  Rosecrans. 

Extract  from  report  of  Major-General  D.  S.  Stanley: 
Gamp  five  miles  from  Winston's, 

September  3,  1863,  7  P.  M. 

General:  Crook's  at  Winston's,  south  of  Davis.  Wheeler 
is  said  to  be  at  Lebanon,  which  is  twenty-four  miles  from  this 
place;  Eawlingsville  is  twelve  miles  from.  here.  We  found  the 
march  too  long  to  go  through  to-day.  As  soon  as  I  get  the  cav 
alry  well  together,  I  will  move  Wheeler. 

Headquarters  Twentieth  Army  Corps, 

Near  Winston's,  September  7,   1863. 

General:  General  Sheridan  is  encamped  at  the  Narrows, 
on  the  Trenton  road,  about  fourteen  miles  from  here.  General 
Stanley  starts  early  to-morrow.  From  all  we  can  learn  it  seems 
quite  likely  that  we  may  remain  hereabouts  until  his  return 
develops  the  truth  as  to  the  numbers  and  position  of  the  enemy. 
General  Rosecrans  thinks  General  Johnston  has  been  quite 
largely  re-enforced.  A  forage  party  from  the  First  Division 
was  attacked  this  morning;  -result  not  vet  ascertained. 

G.  P.  THRUSTON,  Chief  of  Staff. 

Extract  from  report  of  General  Crook: 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Division, 
Camp  Big  Will's  Valley,  Ala.,  September  8,  1863. 

Major:  In  accordance  with  orders  received  from  the  Major- 
General  commanding  cavalry  corps,  on  the  morning  of  the  fifth 
of  September  I  marched  from  camp  at  Winston's  with  two  regi 
ments  (First  and  Third  Ohio)  of  the  Second  Brigade  of  this 
division,  and  proceeded  up  the  mountain  at  Winston's  Gap  and 
then  moved  forward  across  the  mountain  toward  Broouitown 
Valley. 

From  information  gained  from  citizens  and  residents,  it 
appeared  that  a  body  of  the  enemy's  cavalry,  supposed  to  be 
three  companies,  had  crossed  the  mountain  that  evening  in  the 
direction  of  Winston's  Gap,  for  the  purpose  of  blockading  the 
road  up  the  mountain,  but  upon  meeting  with  our  pickets,  or 
learning  of  their  whereabouts,  returned  upon  the  road  in  the 
direction  of  Broomtown  Valley,  with  the  intention  of  blockad 
ing  the  road  leading  down  the  mountain  into  the  valley. 

When  within  three  miles  of  the  top  and  five  miles  from 
the  valley,  our  advance  guard  was  fired  on  by  the  enemy's  pickets. 


—124— 

The  advance,  under  Lieutenant  Curry  of  the  First  Ohio  Cav 
alry,  charged  the  enemy  gallantly  and  drove  them  back  to  the 
pass.  Here  we  found  the  road  down  the  mountain  obstructed 
by  rolling  large  rocks  from  the  ledges  above,  and  by  trees  felled 
across  the  pass  down  the  mountain.  I  ordered  one  hundred 
to  be  dismounted  and  proceed  to  the  foot  of  the  mountain,  it 
being  impracticable  for  horses  on  account  of  fallen  timber. 

Extract  from  report  of  Assistant  Adjutant-General  G.  P. 
Thurston : 

September  8,  1863,  8  P.  M. 
Major-General  P.  H.  Sheridan,  Commanding  Third  Division: 

Eight  deserters  from  the  Fourth  Georgia  Cavalry  came  into 
our  lines  to-day,  having  left  Wharton's  division  last  night  near 
Alpine. 

General  Stanley  starts  in  the  morning  with  about  two-thirds 
of  his  effective  force.  He  expects  to  meet  Wheeler's  force  the 
first  or  second  day  and  thinks  they  will  probably  fight  him. 
We  sent  two  brigades  to  Alpine  and  a  third  on  the  mountain 
for  the  purpose  of  protecting  their  rear.  They  will  be  gone 
four  days  for  the  purpose  of  supporting  Stanley  and  covering 
his  return. 

Henderson's  Gap,  near  Dorsey's  Tanyard, 

September  9,  1863,  6:30  P.  M. 

General:  I  received  your  dispatch  directing  me  to  make  a 
reconnoissance  to  Summerville,  and  another  by  the  route  Gen 
eral  Crook  crossed  the  mountain.  At  the  time  I  received  the 
dispatch  we  were  near  the  barricade  the  enemy  had  thrown 
across  the  gap.  We  here  first  struck  their  pickets,  and  con 
tinued  to  fight  them  back  through  Alpine,  where  they  took  the 
Home  road,  some  going  on  the  Blue  Pond  road.  We  took  about 
a  dozen  prisoners.  I  send  you  the  dispatches  taken  from  one 
of  Wheeler's  couriers.  I  do  not  understand  their  import,  except 
ing  that  he  is  concentrating  at  Lafayette.  The  labor  getting 
down  the  mountain  to-day  and  the  fight  brought  us  to  night-fall. 
I  occupy  Alpine.  I  have  rumors  that  Bragg  is  retreating  south 
of  the  Ostanaula;  I  have  no  definite  information.  The  enemy 
fought  stubbornly  from  the  foot  of  the  mountain.  The  country  is 
well  adapted  to  their  mode  of  warfare.  We  have  had  two  men 
killed  and  seven  wounded. 

D.  S.  STANLEY,  Chief  of  Cavalry. 

Extract  from  dispatch  of  Brigadier-General  J.  A.  Garfield: 
Headquarters  Department  of  the  Cumberland, 

Chattanooga,  September  11, 1863,  10:45  P.  M. 
Major-General  Stanley,  Chief  of  Cavalry: 

It  appears  that  the  enemy  has  been  concentrating  a  very 


—125— 

large  force  of  infantry  in  the  vicinity  of  Lafayette.  If  he  intends 
to  make  a  stand,  it  will  be  necessary  for  you  to  close  up  your 
force  toward  McCook,  so  as  to  cover  his  left  flank  and  operate 
on  the  enemy's  right.  It  is  now  of  the  utmost  importance  that 
the  General  commanding  should  be  informed  as  soon  as  possible 
of  the  force  and  position  of  the  enemy.  Take  measures  to  ascer 
tain  this  as  soon  as  possible. 

Headquarters  Cavalry, 
Alpine,  Ga.,  September  12,  1863,  3  P.  M. 
Brigadier-General  J.  A.  Garfield,  Chief  of  Staff: 

I  sent  Crook  to-day,  with  the  entire  force  of  cavalry,  to  drive 
into  Lafayette  and  see  what  they  have  at  that  place.  I  shall 
hear  from  him  in  a  couple  of  hours.  My  belief  is  that  the  rebels 
will  not  fight  at  Lafayette,  but  at  Ilesaca. 

D.  S.  STANLEY,  Major-General. 

Henderson's  Gap,  Ala., 
September  13,  1863,  8  P.  M. 

General:  The  reconnoissance  sent  to  Lafayette  to  deter 
mine  the  position  of  the  enemy  returned  this  evening.  General 
Crook  went  within  three  miles  of  there  this  A.  M.,  and  charged 
and  drove  their  cavalry  through  their  infantry,  and  captured 
about  twenty  of  their  infantry  pickets  belonging  to  the  Thir 
teenth  Louisiana.  They  say  they  belong  to  Breckenridge's  divi 
sion  and  that  all  of  Johnston's  army  except  one  division,  which 
has  been  sent  to  Charleston,  had  re-enforced  Bragg.  As  soon 
as  he  struck  their  infantry  pickets,  they  opened  upon  him  with 
artillery,  and  he  immediately  fell  back,  having  accomplished 
the  object  for  which  he  was  sent. 

D.   S.   STANLEY. 

Extract  from  report  of  Major-General  McCook: 

Near  Alpine,  September  13,  1863,  8:15  A.  M. 

General  Crook  sends  word,  from  the  information  he  has, 
that  the  enemy  have  evacuated  Lafayette  with  their  infantry. 
There  were  immense  clouds  of  dust  seen  in  the  direction  of 
Lafayette  yesterday. 

Extract  from  report  of  Assistant  Adjutant-General  G.  P. 
Thruston : 

September  14,  1863. 
General  P.  H.  Sheridan,  Commanding  Third  Division: 

Crook  went  within  three  miles  of  Lafayette,  drove  in  infantry 
pickets,  captured  eighteen  infantry  (Louisiana  Tigers);  they  say 
the  rebels  are  going  to  fight  us.  Crook  says  a  large  force  of  the 
enemy  is  going  toward  Dirt  Town. 


—126— 

Headquarters  Chief  of  Cavalry, 

Department  of  the  Cumberland, 
Valley  Head,  September  15,  1863,  10  P.  M. 
Brigadier-General  Garfield,  Chief  of  Staff: 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  General  Crook  arrived 
at  Dougherty's  Gap  at  12  M.,  driving  a  small  scouting  party 
before  him.  He  is  encamped  upon  the  mountain,  but  has  to  go 
down  into  the  valley  for  forage  and  water.  Has  no  information 
of  any  rebels  being  near  him,  but  will  send  an  expedition  down 
the  cove  to-morrow.  The  gap  is  clear.  Columns  of  dust  could 
be  seen  in  the  valley  moving  toward  Rome. 

EOBT.  M.  MITCHELL, 

Brigadier-General. 

Headquarters  Chief  of  Cavalry, 
Rodgers  House,  near  Blue  Bird  Gap, 
September  19,  1803,  3:30  A.  M. 

Brigadier-General  Crook,  Commanding  Second  Cavalry  Division: 
General:  The  General  commanding  directs  that  immedi 
ately  on  receipt  of  the  enclosed  order  you  move  with  your  com 
mand  to  Stevens'  Gap.  If  you  can  get  your  artillery  through 
Dougherty's  Gap,  come  the  Valley  road  and  send  your  train 
via  mountain  route;  if  not,  come  the  mountain  route.  Before 
coming  down  the  mountain  at  Stevens'  Gap,  supply  your  com 
mand  with  three  days'  rations.  Move  with  all  possible  dispatch. 

WILLIAM    H.    SINCLAIR. 

Headquarters  Chief  of  Cavalry, 
Crawfish  Springs,  September  20,  1863,  9:35  A.  M. 
General  Garfield,  Chief  of  Staff: 

General:  General  Mitchell  directs  me  to  say  that  General 
Crook  is  within  two  miles  of  here  with  four  regiments  of  cav 
alry  —  First,  Third  and  Fourth  Ohio,  and  Second  Kentucky  Cav 
alry  —  and  five  pieces  of  Stokes'  battery. 

Respectfully  yours, 

WM.    H.    SINCLAIR. 

Headquarters  Chief  of  Cavalry, 
Department  of  the  Cumberland, 
Crawfish  Springs,  Ga.,  September  20,  1863. 

Brigadier-General  Jas.  A.  Garfield,  Chief  of  Staff,  Department 
of  the  Cumberland: 

General  Crook  has  arrived  and  we  are  warmly  engaged  at 
the  fords.  They  are  trying  to  force  a  passage  since  I  wrote  you 
last  in  regard  to  the  fight  this  morning.  General  Crook  says, 


—127— 

when  he  left  Stevens'  Gap,  Colonel  Post  had  no  orders  to  leave 
the  gap. 

ROBT.  B.  MITCHELL. 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Division, 

Near  McCulloclrs  Cross-roads, 
September  21,  1863,  6:30  P.  M. 
Major  William  H.  Sinclair,  Assistant  Adjutant-General: 

Major:  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  the  officer  com 
manding  the  pickets  reports  the  enemy  in  front,  at  the  junction 
of  the  Crawfish  Spring  and  Chattanooga  roads,  to  consist  of 
infantry,  cavalry  and  artillery.  The  cavalry,  supposed  to  con 
sist  of  one  brigade,  is  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle.  The  infantry 
is  estimated  as  one  division  and  probably  a  detachment. 

GEOEGE    CROOK. 

Headquarters  Chief  of  Cavalry, 
Rock  Creek  Ford,  September,  21,  1863,  8  P.  M. 
General  Garfield: 

General:  I  have  been  in  line  of  battle  all  day,  but  have 
nothing  but  skirmishing  along  my  front.  I  enclose  reports  of 
this  evening  from  General  Crook.  We  will  be  wide  awake.  You 
can  draw  your  own  inference  from  the  report  of  Crook. 

ROBT.    B.    MITCHELL. 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Division, 
September  21,  1863. 
Brigadier-General  Mitchell,  Commanding  Cavalry: 

General :  A  messenger  from  the  front  reports  a  heavy  body 
of  rebel  cavalry  moving  up  the  road  in  this  direction  three  and 
one-half  miles  out,  and  men  escaped  from  the  hospital  this  morn 
ing  report  infantry  moving  up  the  road  we  came  up  yesterday. 

GEORGE    CROOK. 

Extract  from  letter  from  W.  S.  Rosecrans,  Major-General, 
to  Brigadier-General  Lorenzo  Thomas,  Adjutant-General,  U.  S. 
Army: 

September  30,  1863. 

As  to  the  cavalry,  the  accompanying  reports  are  so  full 
that  I  need  only  add  that,  as  an  arm  of  the  service,  it  has  been 
equal  to  its  duty  on  all  occasions,  and  on  the  eighteenth,  nine 
teenth  and  twentieth  of  September  it  behaved  with  conspicuous 
gallantry,  covering  our  shattered  right  and  protected  our  trains 
in  the  valley  of  Chattanooga  Creek  on  the  twentieth. 

It  was  to  provide  for  the  security  of  these  trains,  which  had 
been  sent  to  that  valley  on  the  eighteenth,  and  that  they  should 
be  moved  into  Chattanooga  after  our  right  was  driven  back 


—128— 

on  the  twentieth,  that  I  directed  special  attention,  and  it  is 
greatly  due  to  the  behavior  of  the  cavalry  on  that  day  that  we 
lost  none  of  our  wagons,  and  that  many  of  our  ambulances, 
and  some  of  our  artillery  and  caissons  came  safely  into  place. 

The  losses  of  the  cavalry  appear  in  the  accompanying  report, 
43  killed,  132  wounded  and  283  missing,  making  a  total  of  439, 
instead  of  500,  as  conjecturally  stated  in  my  official  report. 

I  cannot  forbear  calling  the  special  attention  of  the  General 
in  Chief  and  the  War  Department  to  the  conspicuous  gallantry 
and  laborious  service  of  this  arm.  Exposed  in  all  weather, 
almost  always  moving,  even  in  winter,  without  tents  or  wagons, 
operating  in  a  country  poorly  supplied  with  forage,  combating, 
for  the  most  part,  very  superior  numbers,  from  the  feeble  begin 
nings  of  one  year  ago,  w^hen  its  operations  were  mostly  within 
the  infantry  lines,  it  has  become  master  of  the  field  and  hesitates 
not  to  attack  the  enemy  whenever  it  finds  him.  This  great 
change,  due  chiefly  to  the  joint  efforts  of  both  officers  and  men, 
has  been  greatly  promoted  by  giving  them  arms  in  which  they 
had  confidence,  and  by  the  adoption  of  the  determined  use  of 
the  sabre. 

Extract  from  report  of  General  George  Crook,  September 
29,  1863: 

Arrived  at  Crawfish  Springs  on  the  morning  of  the  twentieth. 
At  this  point  I  found  General  Mitchell,  who  ordered  me  to  take 
post  at  once  in  front  of  the  fords  of  the  Chickamauga  and  hold 
that  point  at  all  hazards.  The  only  point  I  could  occupy  was  a 
thick,  rocky  road  woods  with  heavy  underbrush.  The  enemy 
was  already  across  the  river,  occupying  a  very  strong  position. 
About  11  o'clock  I  was  attacked  by  Hindman's  division  of  in 
fantry,  a  battalion  of  sharpshooters,  and  a  large  body  of  cavalry. 
They  drove  us  back  steadily,  contesting  every  inch  of  the  ground, 
about  two  hundred  yards,  where  we  held  our  ground.  At  this 
time  I  received  an  order  from  General  Mitchell  to  fall  back 
to  the  hospital,  one  and  one-half  miles  distant.  Our  entire  force 
consisted  of  Colonel  Long's  brigade,  nine  hundred  strong.  The 
entire  command,  both  officers  and  men,  behaved  very  gallantly. 
Among  the  list  of  casualties  was  Lieutenant-Colonel  Cupp,  First 
Ohio  Cavalry. 

Officers  wounded:  Lieutenant-Colonel  Valentine  Cupp,  First 
Ohio  Cavalry;  First  Lieutenant  George  W.  Griffiths,  Second 
Kentucky  Cavalry;  First  Lieutenant  Edward  B.  Ayres,  Second 
Kentucky  Cavalry;  Captain  Charles  A.  Zachary,  Second  Ken 
tucky  Cavalry;  First  Lieutenant  John  Calder,  Second  Kentucky 
Cavalry;  First  Lieutenant  Bird  P.  Brooks,  Second  Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

Officers  missing:  First  Lieutenant  Richard  W.  Neff,  Fourth 
Ohio  Cavalry;  Second  Lieutenant  Greenleaf  Cilley,  Fourth  Ohio 


—129— 

Cavalry;  First  Liuetenant  Charles  D.  Henry,  Fourth  Ohio  Cav 
alry. 

From  this  point,  we  joined  the  remainder  of  the  cavalry 
force  and  fell  back  to  McCulloch's  Cross-roads  and  moved  to 
Chattanooga. 

Return  of  casualities  in  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  com 
manded  by  Major-General  W.  S.  Rosecrans,  at  the  battle  of 
Chickamauga,  Ga.,  September  19  and  20,  1863,  Second  Cavalry 
Brigade,  Colonel  Eli  Long: 

Killed:    Officers,  two;   men,  seventeen. 

Wounded:   Officers,  five;   men,  seventy-four. 

Missed  and  captured:   Officers,  two;   men,  thirty-six. 

Aggregate:   One  hundred  and  thirty-six. 

Total  strength  of  the  brigade :  Nine  hundred  men. 

(Received  6:30  P.  M.) 

Near  Washington,  September  30,  1863,  10  A.  M. 
Major  W.  H.  Sinclair,  Assistant  Adjutant-General,  Commanding 

Cavalry : 

Major:  The  enemy  are  endeavoring  to  cross  at  Cotton  Port 
Ford,  three  miles  from  Washington.  They  are  in  very  heavy 
force.  I  am  fighting  them. 

GEORGE   CROOK. 

Extract  from  report  of  Brigadier-General  Robert  B.  Mitchell, 
U.  S.  Army,  Chief  of  Cavalry: 

Headquarters  Chief  of  Cavalry, 

Island  Ferry,  October  3,  1863. 

September  9.  At  daylight  the  command,  First  Division, 
and  Second  Brigade,  Second  Division,  moved  across  Lookout 
Mountain  in  the  direction  of  Henderson's  Gap,  General  Crook's 
command  having  the  advance.  As  they  neared  the  gap,  the 
advance  struck  the  enemy's  pickets,  which  were  easily  driven 
back  down  the  gap.  The  gap  was  found  to  have  been  obstructed 
by  them  by  felling  timber  across  the  road,  which  is  a  narrow 
pass,  and  rolling  large  bowlders  of  rock  into  it.  It  took  about 
an  hour  to  clear  out  the  gap,  when  the  command  moved  into 
Broomtown  Valley. 

General  Crook's  command  soon  engaged  the  enemy  and  a 
severe  skirmish  ensued,  the  enemy  resisting  stubbornly,  having 
occupied  the  timber  skirting  some  large  fields.  However,  as 
soon  as  Colonel  McCook's  command  came  up,  by  sending  strong 
parties  on  their  flanks,  they  were  forced  to  retire,  fighting  us, 
howrever,  from  the  time  we  struck  them  in  the  valley  until  we 
drove  them  through  Alpine,  some  retreating  on  the  Rome  road, 
but  most  of  them  on  the  road  to  Summerville.  For  the  details 
of  the  engagement,  I  refer  you  to  the  reports  of  the  division, 
brigade  and  regimental  commanders.  The  command,  after  pur- 


—130— 

suing  until  dark,  bivouacked  at  night  in  the  line  of  battle  in 
the  vicinity  of  Alpine,  standing  to  horse  at  3  A.  M.  in  the  morn 
ing. 

September  20.  Command  was  engaged  all  day  in  guarding 
fords  on  Chickamauga  Creek.  General  Crook,  with  his  com 
mand,  reported  about  10  A.  M.  from  Dougherty's  Gap.  The 
enemy  attacked  the  forces  at  the  various  fords  in  strong  force, 
and,  after  severe  fighting,  succeeded  in  effecting  a  crossing,  but 
gained  but  little  ground  afterward,  for  they  were  stubbornly 
resisted  at  every  step,  and  finally  gave  up  the  attempt  to  get 
in  on  our  right  through  the  cavalry.  About  3  P.  M.  I  received 
verbal  orders  from  an  orderly  from  General  McCook  to  fall  back, 
as  our  right  had  been  turned.  Not  deeming  an  order  of  so 
important  nature  as  that,  coming  in  such  a  manner,  valid,  I 
did  not  move,  as  I  had  been  ordered  in  the  morning  to  hold 
Crawfish  Springs  at  all  hazards,  but  sent  staff  officers  to  ascer 
tain  the  position  of  affairs  and,  if  possible,  communicate  with 
either  General  McCook  or  Rosecrans.  From  them,  I  learned 
that  our  right  had  been  driven  around,  and  that  everything  on 
the  right  was  moving  towrard  Chattanooga  up  Chattanooga  Val 
ley.  I  therefore,  after  moving  out  all  trains  and  loading  into 
ambulances  all  w^ounded  able  to  ride  from  the  vicinity  of  my 
position,  about  5  P.  M.  commenced  falling  back  up  Chattanooga 
Valley,  bringing  off  on  my  retreat  two  pieces  of  artillery  which 
had  been  abandoned  by  General  McCook's  troops  of  General 
McCook's  corps,  and  collecting  about  a  regiment  of  stragglers 
from  the  same  command.  The  command  bivouacked  on  Chat 
tanooga  road  during  the  night. 

September  21.  The  whole  command  stood  in  line  of  battle 
all  day  in  Chattanooga  Valley,  writh  frequent  skirmishing.  The 
enemy's  cavalry  was  in  sight  all  day,  but  no  severe  attack  was 
made. 

September  22.  In  accordance  with  orders  from  department 
headquarters,  at  daylight,  whole  force,  with  the  exception  of 
one  brigade,  which  was  left  to  keep  up  show  in  front,  moved 
into  Chattanooga.  The  brigade  left  at  the  front,  fell  back  about 
10  A.  M.,  fighting  hard  as  they  came. 

I  cannot  close  this  report  without  calling  to  the  attention 
of  the  General  commanding,  the  gallantry  and  daring  of  the 
cavalry  command  during  the  two  days'  battle,  as  well  as  the 
following  tw^o  days  on  our  retreat  to  Chattanooga,  each  regiment, 
brigade  and  division  trying  to  outstrip  each  other  in  deeds 
of  daring. 

Brigadier-General  Crook,  commanding  Second  Division,  de 
serves  the  gratitude  of  the  country  for  the  gallant  manner  in 
which  he  discharged  his  duty  throughout  the  entire  advance, 
as  w^ell  as  on  the  battle-field  of  Chickamauga. 

I  must,  in  conclusion,  say  that  there  was  never  work  more 


—131— 

opportunely  done  on  the  battle-field  than  the  work  of  the  cavalry 
on  the  twentieth  of  September  at  Cchickamauga. 

EGBERT    B.    MITCHELL, 
Brigadier-General  and  Chief  of  Cavalry. 

Extract  from  letter  from  C.  A.  Dana  to  Hon.  E.  M.  Stanton, 
Secretary  of  War: 

All  our  reports  show  that  Wheeler  broke  up  railroad,  de 
stroyed  bridges  between  Wartrace  and  Murfreesborough.  At 
M(urfreesborough)  sacked  the  tow^n,  but  did  nothing  to  forti 
fications. 

Gn  seventh,  Mitchell,  with  main  cavalry  force,  Crook  hav 
ing  joined  him,  overtook  them  at  Shelbyville  and  (Farm- 
ington),  and  put  them  to  flight,  killing  one  hundred  and  cap 
turing  twro  hundred.  Butterfield,  who  came  up  during  this  ac 
tion  with  Lowe's  cavalry  and  a  regiment  of  Granger's  infantry 
from  Wartrace,  reports  that  Mitchell  will  probably  capture  and 
destroy  all  Wheeler's  forces. 

Chattanooga,  October  8,  1863,  10  A.  M. 

CIRCULAK. 

Murfreesborough,  Tenn.,  November  20,  1863. 
Soldiers  of  the  Cavalry  Command:  In  parting  with  you, 
your  late  commander  takes  occasion  to  express  his  regrets  that 
the  changes  of  service  should  separate  his  fortune  from  you. 
For  a  year  we  have  served  together  most  pleasantly,  and  I  am 
happy  to  congratulate  the  cavalry  upon  their  achievements  in 
that  time.  My  poor  efforts  to  render  you  efficient  have  been 
zealously  seconded  by  both  officers  and  men.  As  to  our  suc 
cess,  the  testimony  of  our  enemies  is  the  more  flattering  to  us, 
it  being  forced  from  them.  They  now  admit  you  are  dangerous 
and  have  left  material  proof  of  it  upon  many  a  field.  Though 
separated  from  you,  I  will  serve  in  the  same  army  with  you, 
and  shall  always  watch  your  course  w^ith  confident  pride.  I 
leave  you,  commanded  by  brave  and  experienced  officers.  Give 
to  them  the  same  confidence  and  cheerful  obedience  you  have 
given  me  and  your  success  and  glory  is  assured. 

D.  S.  STANLEY. 

Chattanooga,  November  28,  1863,  7  P.  M. 
Arriving  here,  I  find  the  results  of  Colonel  Long's  cavalry 
expedition  were  much  more  important  than  was  reported  at 
King-gold.  He  burned  eighty  wagons,  including  Bragg's  head 
quarters  train,  of  which  he  brought  in  the  mules;  tore  up  the 
railroad  between  Cleveland  and  Charleston  and  for  ten  miles 
south  of  Cleveland,  and  captured  two  hundred  and  fifty  pris 
oners;  would  have  burned  Hiwasse  bridge  but  for  the  cannon 
rebels  had  there. 

C.    A.    DANA. 


132— 

Hon.  E.  M.  Stanton,  Secretary  of  War. 

Headquarters  Department  and  Army  of  the  Tennessee, 
Bridgeport,  Ala.,  December  19,  1863. 

Accordingly  at  Philadelphia,  during  the  night  of  the  sec 
ond  of  December,  I  sent  my  aid,  Captain  Audenried,  forward  to 
Colonel  Long,  commanding  the  brigade  of  cavalry,  to  explain 
to  him  how  all-important  it  was  that  General  Burnside  should 
have  notice  within  twenty-four  hours  of  our  approach,  and  order 
ing  him  to  select  the  best  material  of  his  command,  to  start  at 
once,  ford  the  Little  Tennessee,  and  push  into  Knoxville,  at 
whatever  cost  of  life  and  horseflesh.  The  distance  to  be  traveled 
was  about  forty  miles,  and  the  road  villainous.  Before  day 
they  were  off.  Colonel  Long  arrived  at  Knoxville  with  his  cav 
alry,  and  all  was  well  then. 

W.    T.    SHERMAN. 

Extract  from  report  of  Major-General  U.  S.  Grant: 

In  Field,  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  December  23,  1863. 
By  3  o'clock  of  the  same  day,  Colonel  Long,  with  his  bri 
gade  of  cavalry,  of  Thomas'  army,  crossed  to  the  south  side 
of  the  Tennessee  and  to  the  mouth  of  South  Chickamauga  Creek 
and  made  a  raid  on  the  enemy's  lines  of  communications.  He 
burned  Tyner's  Station,  with  many  stores,  cut  the  railroad  at 
Cleveland,  captured  near  a  hundred  wagons  and  over  two  hun 
dred  prisoners.  His  own  loss  was  small. 

U.  S.  GRANT, 
Major-General  U.  S.  Army, 

Report  of  Colonel  Eli  Long,  Fourth  Ohio  Cavalry,  command 
ing  Second  Cavalry  Brigade: 

Headquarters  Second  Brigade,  Second  Cavalry  Division, 
Calhoun,  Tenn.,  December  28,  1863. 

General :  I  have  the  honor  to  f orwrard,  for  the  information 
of  the  Major-General  commanding  the  department,  report  of 
attack  made  this  A.  M.  upon  this  place  by  the  rebel  General 
Wheeler.  The  attack  was  made  about  10  o'clock  by  a  force 
of  from  2100  to  2500  cavalry  and  mounted  infantry,  led  by  Gen 
eral  Wheeler  in  person.  Their  object  was  evidently  the  capture 
of  the  supply  train,  which  arrived  here  last  evening  under  charge 
of  forces  commanded  by  Colonel  Laiboldt. 

Colonel  L(aiboldt)  encamped  on  the  Charleston  side  of  the 
river  and  his  skirmishers  were  at  work  with  the  enemy  before 
I  was  apprised  of  their  approach.  I  immediately  mounted  the 
small  command  which  remained  in  camp  not  on  duty  (about  150 
men),  moved  across  the  bridge  and  found  the  infantry  pretty 
sharply  engaged,  the  enemy  occupying  position  in  the  wood. 
The  latter  shortly  after  gave  way  and  I  then  started  rapidly 


after  them.  Discovering  a  small  portion  of  their  force  now 
cut  off  on  the  right,  I  ordered  a  saber  charge,  and  followed  a 
retreating  column  of  several  hundred  which  had  taken  out 
the  Ohatata  road,  running  up  the  Hiwassee. 

Our  rapid  pursuit  and  vigorous  use  of  the  saber  completely 
demoralized  this  force,  which  was  thrown  into  the  greatest  con 
fusion,  and  scattered  in  every  direction,  their  men  throwing 
away  large  numbers  of  arms,  accoutrements,  etc.  Several  of 
the  enemy  (number  not  known)  were  killed  and  wounded,  and 
we  captured  121  prisoners,  including  5  commissioned  officers. 
Drove  the  remainder  until  I  had  arrived  at  a  creek,  which  was 
scarcely  fordable,  and  deemed  it  prudent  to  follow  no  further. 
The  main  rebel  column  had  fled  out  the  Dalton  road.  I  sent 
a  small  force  out  that  road,  who  followed  some  five  miles,  and 
the  enemy  is  still  retreating  towards  Cleveland. 

Very  respectfuly,  your  obedient  servant, 

ELI    LONG, 
Colonel  Commanding  Second  Cavalry  Brigade. 

Itinerary  of  the  Second  Brigade,  Second  Cavalry  Division, 
commanded  by  Colonel  Eli  Long,  Fourth  Ohio  Cavalry,  for  Sep 
tember,  1863: 

September  3.  Crossed  Sand  Mountain  and  arrived  in  Will's 
Valley.  Eemained  in  camp  here  until  September  8,  when  the 
brigade,  with  one  section  of  Stokes7  battery,  crossed  Lookout 
Mountain  and  engaged  four  regiments  of  rebel  cavalry  at  Alpine, 
in  Broomtown  Valley,  driving  them  from  the  field.  Loss:  Killed, 
four;  wounded,  eight. 

September  13.  Marched  on  reconnoissance  towards  La 
fayette  in  conjunction  with  Campbell's  brigade,  First  Cavalry 
Division.  Found  Bragg's  main  army  intrenched  at  that  place. 
Falling  back,  re-ascended  Lookout  Mountain  and  proceeded  to 
Dougherty's  Gap. 

September  19.  Marched  through  Kape's  Gap  into  McLe- 
more's  Cove. 

September  20.  Participated  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga, 
having  position  on  the  extreme  right  of  the  army  at  Crawfish 
Spring.  The  brigade  encountered  Hindman's  infantry  division 
and  a  small  force  of  cavalry,  and  was  forced  back,  after  a  severe 
fight,  with  a  loss  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-two  men  killed, 
wounded  and  missing;  seven  officers  wounded,  and  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  V.  Cupp,  First  Ohio,  and  First  Lieutenant  E.  W.  Neff, 
Fourth  Ohio,  killed. 

September  22.  Fell  back  with  the  army  to  Chattanooga 
and  recrossed  the  Tennessee  Kiver  to  the  north  side. 


Raid  of  the  Rebel  Cavalry    Through    Tennessee  in    October, 
1863,  Under  Command  of  General  Wheeler. 


The  day  we  entered  Chattanooga  after  the  battle  of  Chick- 
amauga,  I  find  the  following  entry  in  my  journal: 

September  22,  1863.  Reconnoitre  in  front  and  find  the  en 
emy  advancing  in  force,  also  flanking  us  on  the  left.  Fall  back 
toward  Chattanooga  and  have  a  running  fight  for  five  or  six  miles, 
our  regiment  covering  the  retreat,  the  enemy  pressing  us  hotly 
in  the  rear  with  both  infantry  and  cavalry  and  pouring  shells 
into  our  column  from  the  ridge  on  the  right  flank.  A  heavy  force 
of  the  enemy  having  been  thrown  across  the  valley  in  front, 
we  could  not  see  the  signal  flag  from  the  top  of  Lookout  Moun 
tain,  as  it  was  afterwards  proved  to  us,  signaling  for  reinforce 
ments,  and  after  a  sharp  fight  we  formed  a  junction  with  the 
right  wing  of  our  army,  which  had  fallen  back  on  Chattanooga, 
and  was  now  fortifying  for  a  desperate  struggle.  As  we  came 
in  sight  of  Chattanooga  we  seen  the  black  smoke  curling  up 
from  many  burning  buildings  on  the  outskirts  of  the  city,  to 
clear  them  from  the  range  of  the  batteries  being  trained  on  the 
advancing  columns  of  the  enemy.  Thousands  of  men  were  ply 
ing  the  spade,  the  pick  and  the  axe  on  the  breast-works,  pre 
paring  for  the  attack.  General  officers,  followed  by  their  escorts, 
were  riding  rapidly  along  the  lines,  giving  stern  and  hurried 
orders,  while  messengers  were  dashing  in  all  directions  under 
the  spur,  carrying  dispatches.  Thousands  of  army  wagons,  with 
mule  teams  and  ambulances,  were  crowded  along  the  streets, 
all  heading  toward  the  one  pontoon  bridge  across  the  Tennessee 
River,  and  a  constant  stream  of  wagons  were  hurrying  to  the 
north  bank  of  the  river  under  directions  of  the  officers  of  trans 
portation.  No  pen  picture  can  give  but  a  faint  idea  of  the  reality 
of  such  a  scene  as  this;  to  be  fully  realized,  you  must  be  an 
eye-witness.  Here  all  is  excitement,  and  in  many  instances 
confusion.  The  moaning  of  the  wounded  can  be  heard  on  all 
sides  as  the  ambulances  are  driven  rapidly  over  the  stony  streets, 
and  mingles  with  the  curses  of  the  "mule  whackers,"  as  they 


—135  — 

recklessly  and  persistently  urge  their  teams  toward  the  bridge. 
Such  are  the  scenes  in  the  rear  of  the  army,  while  in  the  front 
the  boys  are  standing  to  their  guns,  steadily  and  anxiously 
awaiting  the  onset  of  the  enemy.  Eosecrans  has  been  over 
whelmed  by  the  combined  forces  of  Bragg  and  Johnson,  largely 
reinforced  by  Longstreet  from  the  army  at  Eichmond,  while  our 
long-promised  reinforcements  have  not  yet  arrived.  After  a 
brief  halt,  our  division  was  ordered  to  ford  the  river  at  the 
northern  limits  of  the  city.  As  we  got  just  fairly  started  across 
this  long  and  very  crooked  ford,  the  rebel  batteries  were  turned 
on  our  lines  and  the  shells  fell  thick  and  fast  in  our  columns. 
We  went  into  camp  about  dark  opposite  Chattanooga. 

September  23.  Bivouacked  along  the  river  bank  all  day; 
cannonading  on  the  right  this  evening,  and  our  lines  advanced  a 
short  distance.  Our  army  w^as  busily  at  work  strengthening 
the  fortifications  and  burning  buildings  in  range  of  the  guns. 

September  24.  Still  in  camp.  Our  wagon  trains  have  all 
crossed  the  river.  This  is  the  first  time  we  have  ever  seen  our 
wagon  train  since  September  2.  An  order  issued  by  General 
Kosecrans  for  our  Quartermasters  to  be  in  readiness  to  burn 
all  baggage,  except  rations  and  ammunition,  if  he  is  compelled 
to  evacuate  Chattanooga.  We  take  a  farewell  look  at  our  valises 
containing  our  dress  suits  and  love-letters.  To-night  at  eleven 
o'clock  the  rebels  made  a  dash  on  our  lines  and  a  desperate 
effort  to  carry  the  works  by  storm,  and  made  five  charges  on 
the  lines,  but  were  repulsed  each  time  with  heavy  loss;  the 
assault  made  on  Crittenden's  lines. 

September  25.  Go  fifteen  miles  up  the  river  in  command 
of  a  foraging  expedition.  All  quiet  in  front. 

September  26.  Marched  up  the  river  toward  Washington, 
twenty-five  miles,  picketing  and  patrolling  the  river  on  the  look 
out  for  the  enemy,  as  our  scouts  report  their  cavalry  concen 
trating  for  the  purpose  of  crossing  the  river  and  making  a  raid 
in  our  rear  to  cut  the  railroads.  Our  division  is  now  commanded 
by  General  Geo.  B.  Crook,  one  of  the  best  cavalry  officers  in 
our  army,  General  Stanley  having  been  taken  sick  a  day  or 
two  before  the  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

September  27.  March  early  this  morning;  w^e  are  now  get 
ting  up  in  Eastern  Tennessee,  and  there  are  many  Union  people 
here.  In  many  places  the  stars  and  stripes  were  floating  from 
dwelling  houses;  fine  country  and  plenty  of  corn;  encamped 
on  Eichard  Creek. 

September  28.  March  through  Washington,  a  small  vil 
lage  about  fifty  miles  northeast  of  Chattanooga.  Four  com 
panies  detached  and  sent  to  Cotton  Port  to  picket  the  river, 
under  command  of  Major  Scott.  Encamped  on  Clear  Creek, 
four  miles  from  Washington. 

September  29.     Lay  in  camp  all  day.     An  old  citizen  came 


—136— 

into  camp  to-day,  professing  to  be  a  Union  man,  but  excited 
some  suspicion  by  his  actions,  and  we  learned  from  some  colored 
men  after  he  left  camp  that  he  is  a  rebel  spy.  Send  a  detach 
ment  to  capture  him,  but  fail. 

September  30.  The  rebels,  under  General  Wheeler,  crossed 
the  river  in  large  force  last  night;  surrounded  our  pickets  at 
Cotton  Port  and  under  a  flag  of  truce  demand  their  surrender. 
Our  boys  made  a  desperate  dash  through  the  lines,  losing  eight 
boys  out  of  Company  K  and  several  of  Company  B.  Rebel  bat 
tery  opened  up  and  General  Crook  rapidly  concentrated  his 
division  and  moved  down  the  river  ten  miles.  The  enemy  is 
now  across  the  river  in  strong  force,  and  the  indications  are 
that  we  will  have  a  lively  time.  Several  staff  officers  captured 
to-day  while  carrying  orders,  including  Captain  Scott  and  Lieu 
tenant  Lieb.  Loss  in  our  regiment,  twenty  men.  Kained  very 
hard  to-night. 

October  1.  Take  the  pass  up  Kacoon  Mountain  in  hot  pur 
suit  of  the  rebel  column.  They  are  some  distance  in  advance, 
as  we  have  been  delayed  twenty-four  hours  in  concentrating  our 
division,  which  is  scattered  along  the  river  patroling  and  picket 
ing.  Reach  the  top  of  the  mountain  about  dark.  Eaining  in 
torrents. 

October  2.  Descend  the  mountain  into  Sequatchie  Valley 
and  our  regiment  made  a  reconnoissance  down  toward  Pike- 
ville  and  learned  that  the  enemy  passed  down  the  valley  about 
five  thousand  strong.  Take  Robinson's  pass  up  the  Cumber 
land  Mountains  at  dark  and  arrive  at  the  top  about  one  o'clock 
to-night.  This  is  the  most  difficult  mountain  pass  we  have 
ascended  during  this  campaign. 

October  3.  March  at  four  o'clock  this  morning.  Move 
across  and  down  the  mountain  and  strike  the  enemy  in  the 
valley  about  four  o'clock  in  the  evening  and  drive  them  about 
three  miles  until  the  darkness  prevented  our  further  advance. 
Killed  and  wounded  a  large  number  of  the  enemy.  We  left 
Chattanooga  on  the  twenty-sixth  ult.  with  five  days'  rations. 
This  is  the  seventh  day  out,  rations  all  exhausted,  and  to-day 
as  we  halted  on  the  mountain  the  boys  cut  down  many  chestnut 
trees  with  their  hatchets  to  get  the  chestnuts  to  eat.  To  fight 
Wheeler's  old  and  tried  veterans  on  empty  stomachs,  and  then 
to  bivouac  for  a  few  short  hours'  rest  this  frosty  night  supper- 
less,  with  no  prospect  of  breakfast,  but  with  the  assurance  that 
we  will  have  a  running  fight  all  day  to-morrow  is  not  a  very 
cheering  reflection.  But  it  is  thirteen  dollars  a  month  and  plenty 
of  ammunition,  so  say  your  prayers,  boys,  turn  in,  and  no  grum 
bling. 

October  4.  In  the  saddle  at  day-break,  with  a  breakfast  of 
hard,  sour  apples,  we  move  on  with  the  determination  that  if 
there  is  anything  to  eat  in  this  valley  we  will  surround  some 


—137— 

of  it  before  night,  if  we  have  to  ride  over  Wheeler's  whole  divi 
sion.  A  number  of  our  teamsters  came  into  our  lines  this  morn 
ing,  having  made  their  escape  from  a  wagon  train  that  the  rebels 
attacked  at  Sequatchie  Valley,  killing  the  mules  and  burning 
the  wagons.  We  heard  the  explosion  of  the  shells  on  the  even 
ing  of  the  second  and  supposed  a  battle  was  in  progress  at 
Chattanooga.  We  strike  the  rebels  about  noon  and  charge  them 
about  four  miles,  taking  many  prisoners.  Drive  them  through 
McMinnville  on  the  gallop,  and  recapture  some  of  our  prisoners. 
Have  a  sharp  artillery  fight  this  evening  just  at  dark,  using 
grape  and  cannister.  Halted  in  an  old  camp  near  McMinnville 
that  had  been  evacuated  some  weeks,  and  scraped  up  some  old 
crackers,  blue  with  mould,  and  found  them  to  taste  delicious. 
We  are  getting  about  desperate  enough  to  eat  mule,  if  we  had 
time  to  cook  one.  Distance,  twenty  miles.  Rather  a  lively  Sun 
day,  but  we  have  had  a  field  day  of  it,  driving  the  rebels  at 
every  point  they  made  a  stand. 

October  5.  Take  the  pike  for  Murfreesboro  and  march 
rapidly,  and  arrive  at  Murfreesboro  about  four  o'clock;  find 
the  town  surrounded  and  all  the  troops  and  citizens  in  the  for 
tifications;  we  form  and  move  out,  and  after  a  little  skirmish 
the  enemy's  lines  fall  back  and  they  are  soon  in  full  retreat. 
The  troops  and  citizens  are  very  much  rejoiced  and  the  com 
missary  departments  are  thrown  open,  our  famishing  troopers 
given  the  freedom  of  the  city,  and  many  of  the  boys  are  up 
nearly  all  night  cooking  and  eating.  If  we  had  not  pressed  the 
enemy  hard  all  day,  the  city  would  have  been  captured  and  all 
our  rations  and  quartermaster  stores  would  have  been  destroyed. 
The  raid  on  the  part  of  the  enemy  so  far  has  been  a  failure, 
as  they  have  done  but  little  damage  to  the  railroad,  and  soon 
they  will  be  compelled  to  retreat  from  Tennessee  as  rapidly  as 
their  horses  can  carry  them.  In  the  old  veteran,  Geo.  Crook, 
the  rebel  chieftain  Wheeler  has  found  a  "foeman  worthy  of  his 
steel." 

October  6.  Move  out  on  the  Shelbyville  pike  about  ten 
miles,  and  go  into  camp  and  let  the  men  rest  all  the  afternoon, 
as  they  are  very  much  exhausted  by  hard  service.  We  left  Mur 
freesboro  wTith  full  stomachs  and  full  haversacks,  and  I  think 
to-morrow  we  wTill  give  the  Johnnies  a  lively  racket. 

October  7.  "Boots  and  saddles"  sounded  early,  and  we  are 
soon  in  the  saddle,  eager  for  the  fray  that  we  knew  would  soon 
be  on.  We  rode  into  Shelbyville  and  found  that  beautiful  little 
city  completely  sacked,  all  the  business  houses  robbed  and  the 
citizens  terrorized.  We  move  out  on  the  Pulaski  pike,  and  after 
marching  about  three  miles  strike  a  division  of  the  enemy  and 
immediately  charge  them,  killing  and  wounding  many,  and 
taking  hundreds  of  prisoners.  We  have  a  running  fight  all 
day,  and  for  fifteen  miles  it  is  a  stampede,  with  dead  and  wounded 


—138— 

strewn  thickly  the  whole  distance.  In  the  evening,  about  dusk, 
the  enemy  throw  up  barricades  in  the  streets  of  the  village  of 
Farmiugton,  and  prepare  for  one  last  desperate  stand.  They 
opened  on  our  advance  line  with  grape  and  cannister,  and  it 
seemed  that  our  lines  could  not  stand  this  raking  fire,  but  two 
or  three  regiments  are  dismounted,  and  we  move  into  the  cedar 
wood  skirting  the  village,  while  the  balance  of  the  division, 
mounted,  made  a  flank  to  the  right,  and  with  a  shout  all  along 
the  line,  we  dash  forward  on  double  quick,  wThile  grape  and 
cannister  are  hurled  through  the  thicket  like  hail.  In  fifteen 
or  twenty  minutes  we  carried  the  barricades,  capturing  a  battery 
of  six  guns,  with  mules  hitched  to  the  caissons,  and  seven  hun 
dred  prisoners.  This  has  been  another  field  day  for  our  divi 
sions.  The  enemy  is  now  making  a  desperate  effort  to  escape 
and  only  fight  when  they  are  compelled  to  do  so.  General  Crook 
is  adding  another  star  to  his  straps.  Colonel  Minty,  command 
ing  the  First  Brigade,  having  failed  to  reach  a  certain  point 
on  the  field,  as  ordered  to-day,  thereby  foiling  General  Crook's 
plans,  when  he  reported  this  evening,  he  w^as  promptly  put  under 
arrest  by  Crook.  The  old  regular  is  not  to  be  trifled  with.  Our 
regiment  bivouacked  in  the  village,  tired  and  hungry,  but  cheered 
by  the  thought  that  this  has  been  a  brilliant  victory. 

October  8.  In  the  saddle  at  dawn  and  march  through  the 
villages  of  Lewisburg  and  Connellsville  and  on  to  Pulaska,  where 
we  arrive  about  sun-down,  just  in  time  to  see  the  rebel  rear  guard 
dash  out  on  the  gallop  without  firing  a  shot.  The  enemy,  no 
doubt,  marched  all  night  in  order  to  escape  us,  and  we  have 
had  no  fighting  to-day.  Distance,  thirty  miles.  On  picket  to 
night;  men  completely  exhausted  with  this  hard  service  and 
many  horses  abandoned.  We  cannot  stand  this  many  days 
longer. 

October  9.  Did  not  close  an  eye  last  night  and  are  mounted 
and  on  the  move  by  daybreak.  Push  the  rebel  rear  guard  all 
day;  have  several  skirmishes,  killing  and  wounding  several,  and 
taking  many  prisoners.  We  charged  the  enemy  about  four  miles 
this  evening,  and  those  not  captured  crossed  the  Tennessee  Kiver 
at  Lamb's  Ferry.  Wheeler's  raid  has  been  a  failure,  as  he  did 
but  little  damage  to  the  railroad  and  his  command  is  badly 
demoralized.  His  loss  in  killed,  wounded  and  prisoners  is  up 
ward  of  two  thousand,  with  a  battery,  several  hundred  stand 
of  small  arms  and  many  horses.  We  go  into  camp  at  Kogers- 
ville,  four  miles  from  the  river.  We  hope  to  get  a  few  days' 
much  needed  rest,  as  both  men  and  horses  are  very  much  jaded. 
Hundreds  of  camp-fires  are  burning  to-night,  and  our  camp  is 
ringing  with  shout  and  song,  the  boys  all  feel  happy  over  our 
grand  victory.  Wheeler  will  not  trouble  us  any  more  this  fall. 


—  139— 

Headquarters  Chief  of  Cavalry, 
Department  of  Cumberland, 

Rogersville,  October  10,  1863. 

Sir:  The  enemy  succeded  in  crossing  the  Tennessee  Kiver 
a  short  distance  above  Lamb's  Ferry.  Crook  fought  them  at 
Farmington  the  seventh,  and  has  captured  five  pieces  of  artillery 
and  about  seven  hundred  prisoners,  and  their  losses,  including 
killed,  deserters,  stragglers,  will  amount  to  two  thousand  men. 
My  horses  are  terribly  jaded.  The  enemy  crossed  the  river  at 
a  ford  unknown  before  and  cut  their  way  down  the  banks,  In 
order  to  make  a  crossing.  Your  order  in  regard  to  Confederate 
soldiers  has  been  carried  out,  and  thirty-eight  men  have  dis 
appeared.  Colonel  Minty  was  arrested  by  General  Crook  and 
sent  to  the  rear  for  failing  to  move  with  his  command  at  the 
proper  time,  and  not  being  in  time  for  the  battle  at  Farmington. 
We  have  marched,  in  six  days,  two  hundred  and  forty-seven 
miles.  Two  days,  the  second  out,  and  yesterday,  the  First  Divi 
sion  marched  fifty  miles.  During  the  last  day's  march  Wheeler's 
retreat  was  a  rout  and  his  command  were  running  all  day  for 
the  river,  every  man  for  himself,  and  hats,  canteens,  coats,  guns 
and  broken-down  horses  were  strewn  along  the  whole  road. 

WTe  have  captured  and  burned  $52,000  worth  of  cotton  be 
longing  to  the  Confederates  States  army. 

Respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

D.  S.  STANLEY, 
Brigadier-General,  Chief  of  Cavalry. 

Headquarters  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Army  Corps, 

Stevenson,  Ala.,  October  17,  1863. 
Brigadier-General  George  Crook,  Commanding  Cavalry,  Flint 

River : 

General:  I  am  directed  by  the  Major-General  commanding 
to  inform  you  that  Roddey's  cavalry  is  still  on  the  north  side 
of  the  Tennessee  River,  and  that  he  is  in  your  vicinity.  A  mail 
to  General  Bragg,  captured  to-day  from  a  staff  officer  of  Major- 
General  Wheeler,  indicates  this,  and  we  know  that  a  rebel  force 
has  moved  down  the  south  side  of  the  river  to  aid  that  force 
in  crossing.  The  General  desires  that  you  will  push  out  in  every 
direction,  and,  if  you  can  ascertain  his  whereabouts,  strike  and 
destroy  him.  He  has  in  his  command  about  1,000  men  and  is 
without  artillery.  From  the  rebel  mail,  we  learn  the  full  par 
ticulars  of  your  fight  at  Farmington,  and  it  is  highly  creditable 
to  you  and  your  command. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

H.  W.  PERKINS, 
Assistant  Adjutant-General. 


—140— 

Headquarters    Second    Cavalry    Division, 
Maysville,  Ala.,  November  5,  1863. 

Major:  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that,  on  the"  twenty- 
third  of  September  I  was  ordered  by  the  commanding  General 
of  the  department  to  proceed  to  Washington,  Tenn.,  with  my 
command,  numbering  about  two  thousand  effective  men,  for 
the  purpose  of  guarding  the  fords  along  the  Tennessee  River 
for  a  distance  of  some  fifty  miles.  The  roads  leading  to  the  dif 
ferent  fords  and  ferries  were  in  many  cases  five  miles  apart. 
Between  these  points  there  wTere  practicable  fords  almost  every 
half  mile.  It  was  impossible  to  patrol  along  the  bank  of  the 
river  between  these  roads,  and  to  go  from  one  to  the  other 
required  us,  in  many  instances,  to  make  a  detour  of  ten  and 
even  fifteen  miles.  It  was  at  one  of  these  intermediate  points 
that  the  enemy,  dismounting  his  men,  crossed  and  established 
himself  on  the  north  bank  of  the  river,  writh  a  force  far  superior 
to  mine,  commanded  by  Major-General  Wheeler.  I  immediately 
informed  General  Rosecrans  of  the  fact,  who  ordered  me  to 
gather  all  the  cavalry  and  mounted  men  and  pursue  the  enemy, 
who  had  crossed  the  river  for  the  purpose  of  making  a  raid  in 
the  rear  of  our  lines.  Learning  the  enemy  wTas  crossing  WTalden's 
Ridge  opposite  Smith's  Cross-roads,  I  collected  together  the  First 
and  Second  Brigades  of  my  division,  commanded  respectively 
by  Colonels  Minty  and  Long,  and  Captain  Stokes'  Board  of  Trade 
Battery,  and  ascended  the  mountain  some  five  miles  south  of 
Smith's  Cross-roads,  directing  Colonel  Miller,  commanding  bri 
gade  of  mounted  infantry,  to  join  me  on  top  of  the  mountain 
that  night;  but  he  did  not  join  me  until  next  morning,  when 
I  resumed  the  march,  entering  the  Sequatchie  Valley  at  Pitt's 
Cross-roads.  Learned  there  that  the  enemy  had  divided  his  force, 
one  portion  under  General  Wharton  ascending  the  Cumberland 
Mountains  at  Pikeville,  while  the  remainder,  under  General 
W^heeler,  had  passed  down  the  valley  and  would  ascend  the 
mountain  at  Dunlap,  concentrating  at  some  point  beyond  the 
Cumberland  Mountains  and  then  move  on  McMinnville.  I  also 
found  here  that  the  enemy  had  fourteen  hours  the  start  of  me. 
I  took  the  intermediate  Road,  Robinson's  Trace,  and,  although 
the  mountain  was  very  bad  to  ascend  at  this  place,  I  succeeded 
in  getting  up  my  entire  command  that  night.  Next  morning, 
after  marching  some  ten  miles,  I  struck  Wharton's  trail  where 
he  came  into  the  Robinson  Trace.  I  did  not  meet  any  of  his 
force,  except  some  stragglers,  until  I  arrived  at  the  descent  of 
the  mountain,  where  he  had  left  some  sharpshooters  to  oppose 
my  advance.  I  dismounted  part  of  the  Fourth  Michigan,  it  being 
in  the  advance,  and  drove  them  before  me,  they  leaving  five  of 
their  dead  and  one  wounded  on  the  field.  After  descending  the 
mountain,  I  found  the  country  rocky  and  brushy,  no  place  for 


—141— 

cavalry  to  operate.  As  soon  as  I  could  get  my  infantry  down 
the  mountain,  I  dismounted  them,  sending  them  so  as  to  com 
pletely  surround  their  force,  holding  my  cavalry  as  a  support. 
In  this  way  I  had  Colonel  Crews'  Texas  Brigade  completely 
surrounded,  in  a  space  not  over  ten  acres,  my  men  under  cover 
and  his  exposed.  My  men  poured  several  volleys  into  them, 
but  by  this  time  it  had  become  so  dark  we  could  not  tell  friend 
from  foe.  Under  cover  of  darkness,  they  broke  through  my  lines, 
my  men  not  firing  for  fear  of  shooting  each  other.  The  light 
lasted  for  a  couple  of  hours  after  night,  the  remainder  of  Mar 
tin's  division  coming  to  Crews'  support. 

My  loss  was  forty-six  killed  and  wounded.  The  enemy's 
loss  is  not  definitely  known.  We  found  some  ten  of  their  dead 
close  by  the  road,  and  a  good  many  of  their  wounded  scattered 
along  the  road  in  houses.  I  pushed  on  after  them  early  next 
morning,  and  could  not  ascertain  their  loss.  I  left  instructions 
with  the  citizens  to  collect  them  and  give  them  all  proper  atten 
tion.  I  saw  nothing  of  the  enemy  until  within  a  couple  of  miles 
of  McMinnville,  where  some  of  his  scouts  fired  into  us. 

On  arriving  at  McMinnville,  I  found  that  the  garrison  had 
surrendered  without  making  any  resistance.  The  enemy  sacked 
the  place,  destroying  a  great  deal  of  public  and  private  prop 
erty,  and  left  in  the  direction  of  Murfreesborough.  I  was  also 
informed  by  an  intelligent  Union  man  that  he  counted  four  thou 
sand  of  the  enemy,  and  saw  enough  more  that  he  was  unable  to 
count  to  make  up  fully  six  thousand. 

After  leaving  McMinnville,  I  became  satisfied,  from  the  time 
occupied  by  his  force  in  passing  a  given  point,  he  had  between 
five  and  six  thousand  men,  my  own  force  at  this  time  numbering 
about  three  thousand  five  hundred  effective  men.  I  had  not 
marched  more  than  two  miles  upon  the  Murfreesborough  road 
until  I  came  upon  his  rear  guard,  posted  in  the  edge  of  a  woods, 
who  commenced  skirmishing  with  my  advance.  Being  satisfied 
that  the  guard  intended  to  detain  us  so  that  the  main  body  could 
march  unmolested,  I  ordered  Colonel  Long  to  send  a  regiment 
ahead  to  make  a  saber  charge.  The  Second  Kentucky,  Colonel 
Nicholas  commanding,  with  Colonel  Long  at  their  head,  made 
a  most  gallant  charge  of  some  five  miles,  breaking  through  his 
lines,  killing  and  wounding  several  of  his  men,  capturing  eleven 
prisoners  and  driving  the  remainder  into  the  main  column,  com 
pelling  him  to  turn  round  and  give  me  fight. 

When  I  arrived  with  the  main  column,  I  found  the  enemy 
drawn  up  in  line  of  battle  in  the  edge  of  a  woods,  a  large  field 
between  us,  with  high  fences  intervening.  I  dismounted  my 
infantry,  and  with  my  artillery  drove  them  out  of  the  w^oods, 
he  forming  in  another  thick  jungle  a  short  distance  in  the  rear. 
The  fight  lasted  for  two  hours,  until  after  dark,  when  I  camped 
in  the  field.  Here  again,  I  was  unable  to  ascertain  the  number 


—142— 

of  his  killed  and  wounded,  but  left  instructions  for  the  citizens 
to  collect  them.  I  learned  that  it  was  the  intention  of  the  enemy 
to  take  Murfreesborough  and  then  go  to  La  Vergne,  destroying 
the  railroad  between  these  two  points,  and  that  he  had  sent 
squads  of  men,  who  were  familiar  with  the  country,  to  destroy 
telegraphic  communication  between  Murfreesborough  and  Nash 
ville,  which  they  succeeded  in  doing.  I  tried  to  get  a  dispatch 
through  to  the  commanding  officer  at  Murfreesborough  to  hold 
out  until  I  could  get  there,  but  the  courier  could  not  get  through. 

At  Eeadyville,  I  crossed  over  on  to  the  Liberty  pike,  so  as 
to  get  between  them  and  La  Yergne,  and  also  to  prevent  them 
from  ambushing  me  on  the  road.  By  this  move,  I  drove  them 
off  in  the  direction  of  Shelbyville.  I  found  every  person  at  Mur 
freesborough  in  great  consternation,  and  overjoyed  to  see  us. 
The}'  were  momentarily  expecting  an  attack  from  the  enemy, 
and  felt  that  their  force  was  too  weak  to  repel  him.  I  found  here 
an  officer  of  the  Engineer  Department  who  was  very  kind  and 
energetic,  giving  me  all  the  assistance  in  his  power.  Through 
the  want  of  proper  attention  to  duty  on  the  part  of  the  Assistant 
Quartermaster  and  Commissary  of  Subsistence,  I  was  unable  to 
procure  anything  for  my  men  and  horses  until  nearly  morning 
(although  I  had  marched  forty-one  miles  that  day  and  my  men 
had  had  no  rations  for  five  days),  greatly  retarding  my  march. 
The  next  night  I  camped  two  miles  beyond  Guy's  Gap. 

From  this  point  I  sent  my  scouts  in  different  directions, 
who  brought  prisoners  from  the  enemy's  camp.  General 
Mitchell,  with  the  First  Cavalry  Division,  came  up  wTith  us  here. 

Next  morning  I  was  ordered  by  him  to  march  on  the  road 
to  Farrnington,  south  of  Duck  River.  About  three  miles  from 
Shelbyville  I  found  Davidson's  division  encamped  on  Duck  River, 
some  two  miles  north  of  the  road.  The  brigade  of  mounted  in 
fantry  being  in  the  advance,  and  seeing  the  enemy's  ranks  in 
confusion,  I  ordered  them  to  charge  on  horseback.  They  drove 
the  enemy  a  short  distance  into  a  cedar  thicket,  and  I  then  dis 
mounted  them.  At  the  same  time,  I  ordered  Colonel  Long's  bri 
gade  to  the  front,  and,  headed  by  Colonel  Long,  it  made  a  most 
gallant  saber  charge,  driving  the  enemy  three  miles,  killing  and 
capturing  a  great  many  rebels.  The  enemy  made  another  stand 
in  a  cedar  thicket,  where  it  was  impossible  for  the  cavalry  to 
operate  in.  I  sent  the  mounted  infantry  to  the  front  as  soon 
as  possible,  when  they  dislodged  the  enemy,  who  again  made 
a  stand  on  the  main  road,  and  were  driven  from  this  point,  fall 
ing  back  toward  Farmington,  skirmishing  as  they  retreated. 

About  three-fourths  of  a  mile  from  Farmington  I  found  him 
posted  in  force  in  a  dense  cedar  thicket.  T  at  once  dismounted 
my  infantry,  deploying  them  on  each  side  of  the  road.  When 
I  attacked  Davidson's  division  in  the  morning,  breaking  through 
it,  part  of  his  column  went  to  the  right.  Fearing  that  it  would 


—143— 

turn  my  flank,  I  sent  back  instructions  to  Colonel  Minty,  whose 
position  was  in  the  rear  of  the  column,  to  move  to  the  right 
and  anticipate  them. 

I  supposed  that  Colonel  Minty  had  carried  out  my  instruc 
tions,  but  when  I  arrived  at  Farmington,  I  learned  from  one 
of  my  staff  that  Colonel  Minty  was  not  with  me.  The  absence 
of  Colonel  Minty  and  some  five  hundred  men  left  at  Murfrees- 
borough,  having  been  dismounted  during  the  march,  left  me  but 
about  one  thousand  five  hundred  effective  men. 

Finding  the  enemy  vastly  superior  to  me,  I  left  one  regi 
ment  of  cavalry  to  protect  my  rear,  holding  the  other  two  regi 
ments  as  a  support  to  the  infantry,  the  country  being  imprac 
ticable  for  the  cavalry  to  operate  in.  The  enemy's  battery  was 
posted  in  the  cedar  thickets  some  four  hundred  yards  distant 
from  me,  pouring  into  me  a  heavy  fire  of  grape,  cannister  and 
shell,  and  made  one  or  two  charges  on  my  men,  at  the  same 
time  attempting  to  turn  both  of  my  flanks.  At  this  critical 
moment  I  ordered  Captain  Stokes  forward  with  his  battery  to 
operate  upon  the  enemy.  He  could  only  find  position  for  one 
piece,  w^hich  was  in  full  view^  of  their  battery,  and  not  over  three 
hundred  and  fifty  yards  distant.  They  turned  their  fire  from 
the  infantry  on  to  Captain  Stokes'  battery,  mowing  down  his 
horses  and  men.  The  captain  sighted  his  own  piece,  and  in  three 
shots  he  disabled  one  of  their  pieces,  blowing  up  a  caisson,  and 
throwing  their  ranks  into  confusion. 

At  this  moment  my  infantry,  making  a  charge,  broke 
through  the  enemy's  line,  scattering  them  to  the  right  and  left, 
capturing  four  guns,  some  wagons  and  several  prisoners.  The 
enemy  then  being  in  an  open  country,  I  ordered  Colonel  Long 
to  the  front  to  make  a  saber  charge,  but  they  had  the  roads 
barricaded  so  as  to  render  it  impossible.  It  now  getting  dark, 
I  went  into  camp  near  Farmington. 

Had  Colonel  Minty,  with  his  brigade,  been  there  at  the  time 
the  enemy  broke,  I  should  have  thrown  him  on  the  left  flank, 
and,  as  things  turned  out  since,  I  wrould  have  captured  a  large 
portion  of  his  command,  together  with  all  his  artillery  and 
transportation.  I  learned  here  that  I  fought  General  Wheeler 
with  his  entire  command.  That  night,  after  the  fighting 
had  ceased,  Colonel  Minty,  with  his  brigade,  came  up, 
stating  that  he  had  no  orders  to  march  with  me.  From  this, 
together  with  a  disposition  manifested  during  the  whole  expedi 
tion  to  frustrate  my  designs  in  a  covert  manner,  I  deprived  him 
of  his  command  and  sent  him  to  the  rear.  I  sent  my  scouts  out 
in  different  directions  that  night,  and  learned  that  a  large  por 
tion  of  the  enemy  had  gone  toward  Pulaski.  Being  satisfied  that 
they  were  making  for  the  Tennessee  Eiver,  and  that  the  portion 
cut  off  would  join  them  by  other  roads,  I  the  next  morning 
pursued  them  on  the  Pulaski  road,  reaching  that  point  at  night, 


—144— 

I  found  to-day  that  their  retreat,  instead  of  a  march,  was  a  rout. 
Their  rear  guard  left  Pulaski  as  I  came  in  sight  of  the  town. 

On  this  day's  march  I  found  that  the  night  before  a  portion 
of  those  cut  off  came  into  the  road  ahead  of  us  at  Lewisburg. 
On  the  march  next  day,  another  portion  came  into  the  road  six 
miles  south  of  Pulaski.  I  found  that  their  men  were  deserting 
and  scattering  over  the  country,  and  learned  of  a  great  many 
wounded  being  left  along  the  road  and  through  the  country. 

The  enemy  left  some  two  or  three  regiments  at  Sugar  Creek, 
a  strong  position,  to  oppose  my  advance;  but  instead  of  fighting 
them  at  long  range,  as  they  expected,  I  ordered  a  saber  charge. 
The  Fifth  Iowa,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Patrick  commanding,  being 
in  the  advance,  made  a  most  gallant  charge,  breaking  through 
their  lines,  killing  ten,  Avounding  nine  and  capturing  some  sev 
enty  prisoners,  and  scattering  the  remainder  to  the  mountains. 

From  this  on  I  met  with  only  a  few  stragglers  on  the  road. 
When  within  eight  miles  of  the  river,  although  my  horses  were 
very  tired,  I  galloped  most  of  the  way  to  the  river,  and  there 
found  that  the  enemy  had  crossed  at  a  ford  but  little  known  of, 
and  just  above  Elk  River,  where  twelve  could  cross  abreast.  I 
went  into  camp  at  Rogersville,  General  Mitchell,  with  the  First 
Division,  coming  up  that  night;  and  from  that  point  I  was  or 
dered,  with  the  remainder  of  the  cavalry,  to  Stevenson,  via 
Huntsville. 

On  arriving  at  Huntsville,  General  Mitchell,  learning  that 
the  rebel  General  Eoddy  was  passing  in  the  direction  of  Win 
chester,  went  in  pursuit  of  him,  but  he  escaped  toward  Athens. 
I  was  then  ordered  to  Winchester,  and  thence  to  this  place.  I 
have  since  learned  that  General  Lee,  with  five  thousand  men, 
reached  Courtland  the  same  day  that  Wheeler  crossed  the  river. 
Roddy,  with  about  eighteen  hundred  men,  had  crossed  to  the 
north  bank  of  the  river  at  Guntersville,  both  he  and  Lee  being 
ordered  to  join  Wheeler,  but  the  latter  was  driven  out  of  the 
state  and  across  the  river  before  a  junction  could  be  effected. 
I  have  since  learned  that,  at  Farmington,  the  enemy  left  on 
the  field  eighty-six  of  their  dead  and  one  hundred  and  thirty- 
seven  wounded,  while  many  of  their  wounded  were  taken  up 
by  citizens  through  the  country,  of  which  I  have  no  account. 

The  loss  of  the  enemy  from  the  time  they  crossed  the  river 
near  Washington  until  they  recrossed  near  Elk  River,  judging 
from  the  difference  in  the  length  of  time  their  column  (consumed) 
in  coming  in  and  going  out,  and  other  satisfactory  evidence,  I 
am  fully  satisfied  is  not  less  than  two  thousand  men.  One  entire 
regiment,  the  Fourth  Alabama,  deserted  and  scattered  through 
the  mountains. 

My  loss,  during  the  entire  trip,  was  fourteen  killed  and 
ninety-seven  wounded.  I  regret  to  report  the  death  of  the  gal 
lant  Colonel  Monroe,  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Twenty-third 


—145— 

Illinois,  who  fell  while  bravely  leading  on  his  regiment  at  the 
battle  of  Farmington. 

It  is  hard  to  distinguish  individual  cases  of  bravery  and 
gallantry,  when  all,  both  officers  and  men,  did  so  nobly.  Not 
withstanding  the  fatigue  and  severe  hardships  under  which  the 
men  suffered  —  having  but  three  days'  rations  in  twenty  days, 
many  of  them  nearly  naked  and  several  times  exposed  to  a  cold, 
drenching  rain  —  yet  they  never  complained,  but  were  always 
cheerful  and  ever  ready  to  perform  all  duties  required  of  them. 

I  am,  sir,  your  obedient  servant, 

GEORGE    CROOK, 
Brigadier-General  Commanding. 

Major  W.  H.  Sinclair,  Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

Extract  from  report  of  General  R.  B.  Mitchell,  Chief  of 
Cavalry: 

Decherd,  Tenn.,  October  20,  1863. 

I  think  the  record  of  cavalry  service  during  the  entire  war 
cannot  show  a  more  severe  campaign  than  the  one  my  command 
has  just  closed.  There  was  scarcely  an  hour  during  the  whole 
pursuit  that  the  horses  were  unsaddled;  for  days  and  nights 
together  the  men  were  in  their  saddles,  almost  constantly  on 
the  march,  and  some  days  making  as  high  as  fifty-three  and 
fifty-seven  miles.  Take  again  into  consideration  the  fact  that 
a  greater  part  of  the  time  the  troops  were  out  of  rations,  and 
our  hasty  movements  giving  them  little  or  no  time  to  forage 
on  the  country;  that  the  nights  were  very  cold,  the  men  without 
overcoats,  and  I  think  the  campaign  challenges  comparison  with 
any  service  performed  during  the  war.  Yet,  with  all  the  severe 
duty  and  hardships  necessarily  devolving  upon  the  men,  they 
made  not  a  murmur,  but,  on  the  contrary,  seemed  only  anxious 
to  do  everything  in  their  power  to  accomplish  the  object  for 
w^hich  they  had  started,  viz.:  to  overtake  and,  if  possible,  de 
stroy  the  enemy's  cavalry,  and  whenever  we  did  succeed  in 
reaching  them,  they  proved  that  they  were  ready  and  com 
petent  to  do  this.  I  only  regret  that  the  precipitancy  of  their 
movements  after  the  engagement  at  Farmington  prevented  us 
from  again  overtaking  their  main  body,  though  on  the  last  day 
of  their  fight  General  Crook  captured  their  rear  guard.  The 
damage  done  the  cavalry  from  the  time  of  their  crossing  the 
Tennessee  River  cannot  be  definitely  stated.  We  pursued  them 
so  closely  and  vigorously  that  they  had  but  little  time  to  destroy 
our  communications,  and  the  results  of  their  raid,  I  think,  may 
be  summed  up  so  that  when  General  Wheeler  strikes  his  balance 
sheet  the  debits  and  credits  will  be  on  the  wrong  side  of  the 
sheet  to  give  him  a  very  large  profit.  We  captured  six  pieces 
of  artillery,  and,  including  killed,  wounded,  prisoners  and  de 
serters,  I  think  thev  recrossed  the  Tennessee  River  with  between 


—146— 

two  and  three  thousand  less  men  than  they  started  out  with. 

My  command  is,  of  course,  very  badly  used  up.  Hard 
marches,  scarcity  of  shoes  (although  each  man  carried  two  at 
starting),  and  miserable,  worthless  saddles,  that  should  never 
have  been  bought  by  the  Government  or  put  on  a  horse's  back 
after  they  were  bought,  have  ruined  many  of  the  horses. 

It  is  positively  necessary  that  a  large  number  of  horses  be 
had  before  the  command  can  be  again  in  working  condition. 
My  thanks  are  due  to  division  and  brigade  commanders  for  the 
interesting  energy  and  zeal  they  evinced  during  the  entire 
pursuit. 

The  troops  of  their  command  did  all  that  is  possible  for 
troops  to  do  to  second  the  endeavors  of  their  commanders,  and 
when  I  thank  them,  as  I  do,  for  the  fatigues  and  gallant  fighting 
which  they  did,  I  do  it  in  all  earnestness  and  sincerity,  realizing 
and  appreciating  their  labors  and  sufferings.  A  simple  mention 
of  their  marches,  of  their  fighting  at  Anderson's  Cross-roads, 
at  McMinnville  and  Farmington,  is  as  proud  a  record  as  any 
body  of  troops  need  crave. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

EGBERT  B.  MITCHELL, 
Brigadier-General  Commanding. 

Loss,  Second  Division:    Gne  hundred  and  ten. 

CONGRATULATORY  ORDER  OF  MAJOR  GENERAL  WM. 
S.  ROSECRANS,  U.  S.  ARMY,  COMMANDING  DE 
PARTMENT  OF  THE  CUMBERLAND. 

Special  Field  Orders  No.  279. 
Headquarters  Department  Cumberland, 

Chattanooga,  Term.,  October  19,  1863. 
XIV.  The  brilliant  pursuit  of  the  enemy's  cavalry  under 
Wheeler  by  the  cavalry  command  of  this  army,  especially 
Crook's  division  and  Stokes'  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery, 
which  were  foremost  in  the  fight,  deserve  honorable  mention. 
The  general  commanding  thanks  the  cavalry,  and  particularly 
General  Crook,  with  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  his  division,  and 
of  Stokes'  battery,  for  their  valuable  services  in  this  pursuit  of 
the  enemy,  which  resulted  in  driving  him  in  confusion  across 
the  Tennessee  River.  He  compliments  them  for  inaugurating 
the  new  practice  of  coming  to  close  quarters  without  delay. 
By  command  of  Major-General  Rosecrans, 

H.  M.  CIST, 
Lieutenant  and  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

Extract  from  report  of  General  G.  H.  Thomas: 

This  pursuit  is  unsurpassed  for  its  energy  and  bravery  and 
endurance  of  the  officers  and  men  engaged  in  it,  and  prevented 


—147— 

the  execution  of  an  extensive  plan  of  destruction  of  our  com 
munications,  and  plunder,  rapine  and  murder  throughout  Middle 
Tennessee  and  Northern  Alabama,  in  which  Koddy  and  Lee 
were  to  cooperate  with  Wheeler. 


Campaign  of  Missionary  Ridge,  Knoxville,  North  Carolina, 
Calhoun,  Dalton.— Re-enlistment  of  the  Veterans,  October, 
November,  December,  186 3,  January,  February  and  March, 
1864. 


The  brigade  marched  from  Rogersville  on  the  llth  day  of 
October  via  Pulaski,  Fayetteville,  Winchester,  New  Market,  and 
Maysville,  and  reached  Paint  Rock  on  the  Memphis  and  Charles 
ton  Railroad,  twenty-five  miles  west  of  Stevenson,  Ala.,  October 
19th.  Roddy  had  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  to  the  north  about 
the  time  we  had  driven  Wheeler  across  the  river  and  was  mov 
ing  toward  Decherd,  and  on  the  march  from  Rogersville,  Crook's 
division  captured  some  of  his  scouting  parties  with  a  little  skir 
mishing.  General  Lee,  with  a  brigade  of  rebel  cavalry,  had  also 
arrived  in  the  vicinity  of  Florence,  just  at  the  time  our  forces 
had  sent  Wheeler  whirling  across  the  river.  Both  Lee  and 
Roddy  were  to  join  Wheeler  and  assist  in  the  destruction  of  the 
Railroad  between  Nashville  and  Chattanooga,  but  when  they 
learned  of  the  defeat  of  their  chief,  Lee  did  not  cross  the  river  and 
Roddy  re-crossed  to  the  south  side  as  rapidly  as  possible.  Arriv 
ing  at  Paint  Creek,  Ala.,  Crook's  division  settled  down  for  a  little 
rest  so  much  needed  by  both  men  and  horses,  as  the  division  had 
been  on  the  move  with  scarcely  a  day's  rest  from  June  24th,  the 
date  that  Rosecrans'  army  made  the  advance  on  the  Chicka- 
mauga  Campaign.  During  that  time  the  regiment  had  marched 
nearly  if  not  quite  1200  miles  and  had  participated  in  more  than 
twenty  fights  and  skirmishes.  Our  horses  were  very  much  in 
need  of  shoeing  and  were  in  a  general  run-down  and  jaded  con 
dition,  after  the  hard  six  months'  campaign.  On  the  22nd,  a 
scouting  party  of  the  First  captured  the  notorious  guerilla, 
Captain  Gurley,  who  murdered  General  Robert  McCook  near 
Winchester,  Tenn.,  in  August,  1862.  Our  wagon  train,  which 
we  had  not  seen  since  we  left  Chattanooga,  September  22nd, 
reached  us  on  the  twenty-sixth,  much  to  the  delight  of  all,  and 
especially  the  officers,  as  their  baggage  was  in  the  wagons  and 


—149— 

they  had  not  changed  underwear  for  a  month.  Scouting  parties 
were  sent  out  every  day,  and  this  with  outpost  and  picket  duty 
kept  the  company  busy  and  the  commanding  officer  seemed  to 
feel  so  confident  that  we  would  spend  the  winter  at  Paint  Rock 
that  the  men  were  ordered  to  put  up  winter-quarters  and  a  great 
many  little  huts  and  cabins  were  erected  with  fire-places,  mud 
chimneys  and  good  roofs  of  boards  or  any  kind  of  material  that 
would  shed  the  water. 

This  wras  an  innovation  for  the  regiment,  as  we  had  never- 
had  anything  of  the  kind  before,  and  the  boys  began  to  congratu 
late  themselves  that  they  were  going  to  have  a  quiet  winter 
campaign.  But  alas!  "the  best  laid  schemes  of  mice  and  men 
gang  aft  aglee." 

On  the  evening  of  the  seventeenth  of  November  the  brigade 
received  marching  orders  and  on  the  morning  of  the  eighteenth 
were  in  the  saddle  early  and  off  for  the  front,  leaving  the  wagon- 
train,  unserviceable  horses  and  dismounted  men  at  Paint  Rock. 
The  command  marched  by  Stevenson  to  Bridgeport  and  crossed 
the  river  on  a  pontoon  and  went  into  camp  near  Brown's  Ferry, 
on  the  night  of  the  twenty-second,  marched  up  the  river  along  the 
side  of  the  mountain  toward  Chattanooga  and  the  enemies'  camp 
fires  were  in  plain  view  on  the  mountain.  The  brigade  crossed 
to  the  north  side  of  the  river  at  Brown's  Ferry  and  camped  op 
posite  to  Chattanooga.  By  order  of  General  Thomas  the  brigade 
crossed  the  river  again  to  the  south  side  above  Chattanooga, 
and  marched  toward  Cleveland  and  struck  the  railroad  a  few 
miles  above  Chattanooga,  commenced  the  destruction  of  tele 
graph  wires  and  railroad  track  at  once.  Having  succeeded  in 
securing  a  copy  of  Colonel  Long's  report  of  the  raid  on  the 
Georgia  Eailroad  and  also  the  march  to  Knoxville  in  advance 
of  Sherman's  army  and  the  raid  over  the  Tillico  and  Unaka 
Mountains  into  North  Carolina,  the  report  is  herewith  inserted. 
This  report  covers  the  time  from  November  17th,  1863,  to  Janu 
ary  2nd,  1864,  and  no  better  history  of  the  service  of  the  regi 
ment  could  be  written  than  to  publish  the  report  in  full. 

The  battle  of  Chattanooga  which  includes  Orchard  Knob, 
Lookout  Mountain  and  Missionary  Ridge,  was  fought  November 
23rd,  24th  and  25th,  1863.  Our  losses,  as  given  by  General 
Boynton,  were:  Killed,  859;  wounded,  5,289;  total,  6.148. 

CONFEDERATE  LOSSES. 

The  report  of  the  Confederate  losses  in  these  battles  are 
very  meagre,  but  the  following  losses  wrere  reported,  but  no 
doubt  fall  far  short  of  the  real  losses:  Killed,  91;  wounded  and 
missing,  1,635. 


—150— 

REPORT  OF  COLONEL  ELI  LONG,  FOURTH  OHIO  CAVAL 
RY,  COMMANDING  SECOND  BRIGADE,  SECOND  CAV 
ALRY  DIVISION  OF  RAID  ON  THE  EAST  TENNESSEE 
AND  GEORGIA  RAILROAD,  AND  INCLUDING  OPE 
RATIONS,  NOVEMBER  IT,  1863,  TO  JANUARY  2,  1864. 

Headquarters  Second  Brigade,  Second  Cavalry  Division. 

Calhoun,  Tenn.,  January  19,  1864. 

General:  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  detailed  account  as 
follows  of  the  operations  of  my  brigade  since  marching  from 
Woodville,  Ala.,  pursuant  to  orders  received  on  the  night  of 
November  17, 1863.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Kitchell,  Ninety-eighth 
Illinois  Mounted  Infantry,  and  Major  Gray,  Fourth  Michigan 
Cavalry,  having  reported  to  me  for  orders,  with  detachments  of 
their  regiments,  I  marched  on  the  morning  of  the  eighteenth 
with  a  command  of  about  one  thousand  strong.  Reaching 
Bridgeport  on  the  evening  of  the  nineteenth,  I  crossed  the  river 
next  morning  near  Kelly's  Ford.  On  the  twenty-second,  Major 
Dobb  joined  me  with  a  battalion  of  the  Fourth  Ohio  Volunteer 
Cavalry  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  Jordan  reported  with  a  part  of 
the  Seventeenth  Indiana  Mounted  Infantry  and  Fourth  Michi 
gan  Cavalry,  increasing  my  command  to  fifteen  hundred  men. 
Marched  that  evening  to  Brown's  Ferry  and  crossed  the  Tennes 
see  River  to  north  side,  opposite  Chattanooga. 

On  the  twenty-fourth,  receiving  orders  from  Major-General 
Thomas  to  march  to  Cleveland,  IVnn.,  and  destroy,  as  far  as  pos 
sible,  the  enemy's  lines  of  communication  in  that  directional 
crossed  by  pontoons  above  Chattanooga  and  struck  the  Chatta 
nooga  and  Cleveland  dirt  road,  running  along  the  railroad.  A 
few  miles  east  of  Chattanooga  I  cut  the  telegraph  wires  and  at 
Tyner's  Station,  burned  two  rebel  caissons.  At  other  points  be 
tween  this  and  Cleveland,  the  telegraph  was  severed  and  the 
railroad  was  destroyed  in  frequent  places  by  burning  and  tear 
ing  up  the  track. 

On  the  night  of  the  twenty-fourth  I  bivouacked  thirteen 
miles  from  Chattanooga  and  sent  a  party  forward  to  Ootewah, 
who  found  and  destroyed  some  four  thousand  pounds  of  flour. 
On  the  following  day,  I  burned  two  freight  cars,  together  with 
one  hundred  cars  of  tan  bark,  belonging  to  the  Confederate 
States  of  America.  Nearing  Cleveland,  rebel  pickets  were  en 
countered  and  driven  in.  The  advance  regiment  (First  Ohio), 
then  charged  into  the  town  and  drove  out  Colonel  Woodward 
with  the  Second  Kentucky  (rebel)  Cavalry  Regiment.  Next 
morning  I  sent  a  detachment  under  Colonel  Seidel,  Third  Ohio 
Volunteer  Cavalry,  on  the  East  Tennessee  and  Georgia  Railroad 
with  directions  to  go,  if  possible,  to  Hiwassee  River  and  ascer 
tain  the  enemy's  strength  at  Charleston;  also,  to  tear  up  the  rail 
road.  Major  Patten,  with  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  was  sent  down 


—151— 

the  Dalton  road  and  Major  Dobb,  with  the  Fourth  Ohio,  back  on 
the  road  we  came,  each  party  being  directed  to  damage  the  rail 
road.  Colonel  Seidel  went  as  far  as  Charleston  and  found 
Kelly's  Brigade  stationed  at  Calhoun,  with  artillery,  and  drove 
the  cavalry  across  the  river,  losing  one  man  wounded.  Major 
Patten  destroyed  ten  miles  of  the  Dalton  track  and  consider 
able  damage  was  done  on  the  other  road.  In  Cleveland  I  found 
a  considerable  lot  of  rockets  and  shells,  large  quantities  of  corn 
and  several  bales  of  new  grain  sacks.  Destroyed  all  that  was 
not  appropriated  to  the  use  of  my  command.  Burned  several 
railroad  cars  found  here;  also,  the  large  copper  rolling  mill, 
the  only  one  of  the  kind,  in  the  Confederacy. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  twenty-seventh  I  was  attacked 
by  General  Kelly  with  a  brigade  of  cavalry  and  a  section  of  two 
pieces  of  artillery.  Started  my  command  out  on  the  Harrison 
road,  sending  forward  the  prisoners  under  charge  of  the  Fourth 
Michigan  Cavalry.  Retired  slowly,  the  enemy  pressing  us 
closely  and  shelling  vigorously.  A  strong  line  of  skirmishers 
was  kept  up,  till  we  had  passed  Candy's  Creek,  keeping  in  rear 
of  my  column  and  holding  him  in  check,  when  the  enemy  retired. 
My  loss  during  the  action  was  two  killed,  fourteen  wounded  and 
twelve  missing.  Most  of  the  latter  have  since  joined.  The  en 
emy's  loss  was  not  fully  known,  but  he  suffered  in  killed  and 
wounded  more  severely  than  we.  I  moved  on,  via  Harrison,  to 
Chattanooga  and  reported  in  person  at  the  headquarters  of  the 
Major-General  commanding.  During  this  trip  I  captured  two 
hundred  and  thirty-three  prisoners,  including  a  number  of  of- 
cers,  also  eighty-five  wagons  and  eleven  ambulances,  wThich,  to 
gether  with  their  contents  were  burned.  Among  this  number 
of  wagons  was  the  train  of  General  Wright's  Brigade. 

On  the  twenty-ninth  of  November,  I  again  marched  for 
Cleveland,  pursuant  to  orders  received  at  Chattanooga  and  re 
ported  to  Major-General  Sherman.  From  there  took  the  road 
to  Benton,  sending  my  ammunition  wagons  with  the  infantry 
column  on  Charleston  road,  striking  the  Federal  road,  I  came 
upon  a  drove  of  about  three  hundred  hogs,  belonging  to  the  Con 
federate  Government.  Moved  on  to  (Benton)  with  the  main 
column,  sending  the  Fourth  Michigan  on  reconnaissance  to 
mouth  of  Ocoee  River  and  the  Fourth  Ohio  down  the  Federal 
Road.  The  latter  party  captured  another  drove  of  about  five 
hundred  hogs. 

December  1, 1  marched  to  Columbus,  on  the  Hiwassee  River; 
then,  returning  to  Benton,  detached  the  Fourth  Michigan  and 
Fourth  Ohio  to  go  back  to  Cleveland  with  captured  hogs,  and 
prisoners  taken  on  the  twenty-ninth  and  thirtieth.  One  regi 
ment  was  sent  to  secure  the  boats  at  the  mouth  of  the  Ocoee  and 
float  them  down  to  Charleston  and,  with  the  remainder  of  the 
command,  I  proceeded  to  Charleston.  Orders  from  General 


—152— 

Sherman  directed  me  to  move  on  immediately  to  Athens  and  I 
reached  there  some  two  hours  after  midnight.  From  Athens  I 
sent  back  one  hundred  and  fifty  men  under  charge  of  Captain 
Wade,  Ninety-eighth  Illinois  Mounted  Infantry,  to  garrison  the 
town  of  Calhoun  and  hold  the  bridge  at  that  place;  also  twenty- 
five  men  to  be  joined  by  twenty-five  others  from  the  two  regi 
ments  then  at  Cleveland,  to  take  the  captured  hogs  to  Chatta 
nooga.  Detachments  of  the  Third  U.  S.  Cavalry  and  Fifth  Ohio 
Cavalry  reported  to  me  for  orders  and  I  marched  for  London  in 
advance  of  General  Sherman's  forces.  Near  London  my  ad 
vance  regiment,  Third  Ohio,  was  met  by  a  force  of  rebel  cavalry, 
routed  them  and  took  about  thirty  prisoners,  losing  one  killed 
and  two  w^ounded.  General  Vaughan  with  a  force  of  infantry 
and  some  artillery  occupied  the  fortifications  about  the  town 
and  opened  upon  my  column  with  shell.  Not  being  able  to  dis 
lodge  the  enemy  any  other  way,  I  determined  to  charge  the 
walls.  I  dismounted  my  command  and  moved  forward  in  line, 
but,  on  approaching  his  position,  I  found  him  stronger  than  an 
ticipated,  the  confronting  force  being  fully  equal,  if  not  superior 
to  my  own  in  numbers,  besides  the  advantage  of  position  being 
greatly  in  their  favor.  I  then  fell  back  and,  after  reporting  to 
General  Sherman,  bivouacked  about  a  mile  from  London.  Dur 
ing  the  night  Vaughan  destroyed  his  stores,  took  up  his  pontoons 
and,  after  running  into  the  river  four  locomotives  and  forty-four 
cars,  evacuated  the  place.  On  the  third  of  December,  being  or 
dered  to  move  forward  to  Knoxville,  and  open  communication 
with  General  Burnside  that  night,  if  possible,  I  crossed  the  Ten 
nessee  Elver  and  marched  via  Maryville.  Traveling  from 
(Maryville)  I  could  get  no  information  as  to  the  position  of  the 
forces  or  condition  of  affairs  at  Knoxville.  All  reports  that 
could  be  obtained  indicated  that  the  town  was  completely  sur 
rounded  by  Longstreet,  but  near  2  A.  M.  I  struck  Colonel  Wal- 
ferd's  pickets  some  two  miles  from  (Knoxville)  and  camped 
within  his  lines.  Reported  to  General  Burnside  the  following 
day. 

On  the  night  of  the  sixth,  pursuant  to  orders  from  General 
Sherman,  I  marched  to  Maryville  and  was  here  joined  by  the  two 
regiments  that  had  been  sent  back  from  Maryville  to  Cleveland. 
From  this  point,  I  was  directed  to  start  in  pursuit  of  a  train  of 
some  three  hundred  wagons,  which  had  been  cut  off  at  London, 
when  we  marched  on  that  place  and  was  now  making  its  way 
into  North  Carolina.  Crossed  Little  Tennessee  River  at  Motley's 
Ford  and  after  crossing  Tillico  and  Unaka  Mountains  and  Long 
Ridge,  following  up  the  Hiwassee,  I  arrived  at  Murphy,  N.  C., 
on  the  ninth  of  December.  Met  no  force  of  the  enemy,  except 
a  few  of  Morgan's  men  and  a  company  of  home  guards  stationed 
at  Murphy.  My  advance  guard  had  a  slight  skirmish  with  these 


—153— 

and  drove  them  from  the  place.    Marched  six  miles  from  Murphy 
and  camped. 

Up  to  this  time,  since  leaving  Chattanooga,  I  had  taken 
ninety-five  prisoners,  including  seven  officers,  also  a  few  horses 
and  mules.  Found  the  road  from  Maryville  to  Murphy  for  the 
most  part  good.  After  leaving  Tillico  Plains  the  route  lies 
through  a  mountainous  country,  but  the  road  over  the  moun 
tains  is  well  engineered  and  practicable  for  wagons.  The 
country  is  very  poor,  the  fields  poorly  cultivated  and  grain  and 
forage  more  scarce  than  any  locality  previously  visited  during 
my  entire  trip.  It  is  well  watered,  however,  by"  frequent  creeks 
and  mountain  streams.  Frequent  incursions  have  been  made 
in  there  by  rebel  cavalry  and  but  fewT  cattle  of  any  kind,  horses 
or  mules,  were  found. 

From  the  best  information  I  could  obtain  along  the  route, 
it  appeared  that  the  rebel  train  was  some  five  or  six  days'  march 
ahead  of  me  and  traveling  with  apprehension  of  pursuit,  so  that 
it  was  evident  that  it  would  be  impossible  to  catch  it  My 
horses  were  all  jaded  with  hard  marching  and  many  of  them 
had  already  given  out,  leaving  a  number  of  men  dismounted, 
and  from  the  scarcity  of  horses  in  the  country,  I  could  not  sup- 
ply  their  place.  Therefore,  after  sending  a  force  ten  miles  fur 
ther  into  the  country,  to  get  all  possible  information,  I  deter 
mined  to  halt  The  reports  of  the  expedition  confirmed  previ 
ous  intelligence.  After  remaining  in  camp  one  day  to  rest  my 
horses,  I  started  back  on  the  eleventh  of  December  and  at  Tillico 
infantry  awraiting  my  return. 
Plains  found  General  McL.  Smith  encamped  with  his  division  of 

Through  him,  received  instructions  from  General  Sherman 
to  rest  my  horses  as  long  as  necessary  and  then  proceed  to  Chat 
tanooga  via  Charleston.  Kemained  in  camp  until  the  morning 
of  the  fourteenth,  Major  Smith's  battalion,  Fifth  Ohio  Volunteer 
Cavalry,  being  meanwhile  relieved  and  ordered  to  Athens.  Ar 
riving  at  Calhoun  on  the  fifteenth,  had  orders  requiring  me  to 
remain  at  that  place,  guarding  the  railroad  and  river  as  a  line 
looking  toward  Georgia.  The  detachment  of  Third  U.  S.  Cav 
alry  was  relieved  from  duty  with  my  brigade  and  the  Fifth  Ohio 
Volunteer  Cavalry,  Colonel  Heath,  temporarily  attached.  I  at 
once  prepared  to  establish  a  line  of  couriers  to  London  and 
Kingston,  communicating  with  General  Elliott,  chief  of  cavalry, 
and  the  Fifth  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry  was  assigned  to  the  duty. 
With  the  Fourth  Michigan,  I  opened  a  line  of  communication  to 
Chattanooga.  The  Third  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  was  sent  to 
Columbus  on  the  Hiwassee,  to  guard  the  river  there  and  the 
adjacent  fords.  On  the  twenty-second,  the  courier  post  at 
Cleveland  was  attacked  by  sixty  rebel  cavalry  and  driven  out, 
with  the  loss  of  a  few  horses  and  arms  and  one  man  wounded. 


—154— 

The  rebels  retired  shortly  after,  leaving  two  wounded,  and  the 
couriers  resumed  their  post. 

On  the  morning  of  the  twenty-eighth,  a  wagon  train  which 
had  arrived  at  Charleston  the  evening  before  under  escort  of 
convalescents,  etc.,  of  General  Sheridan's  command  and  com 
manded  by  Colonel  Laiboldt,  was  attacked  by  General  Wheeler 
with  about  fifteen  hundred  rebel  cavalry.  As  soon  as  I  was 
made  aware  of  the  attack,  I  mounted  the  small  portion  of  my 
command  not  on  duty  (less  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  men),  and 
as  soon  as  the  train  had  crossed  the  bridges,  moved  over  the 
river.  Colonel  Laiboldt  was  now  sharply  engaged  and  soon  had 
the  enemy's  lines  wavering.  I  then  drew  sabres  and  charged, 
driving  before  me  a  force  of  some  four  or  five  hundred,  pursued 
them  to  Chatata  Creek,  capturing  one  hundred  and  twenty-one 
prisoners,  including  five  officers  and  many  stand  of  arms.  The 
enemy  lost  several  killed  and  quite  a  number  wounded,  among 
the  latter  twro  colonels.  The  main  rebel  column  retreated  out 
the  Dalton  road.  A  detachment  of  my  command  followed  them 
some  five  miles  and  left  them  in  full  retreat. 

December  30th,  the  Fifth  Ohio,  by  orders,  was  relieved  from 
duty  with  me,  and  their  removal  (caused  the  abandonment)  of 
the  courier  line  to  Kingston,  as  my  command  was  too  small 
to  renew  it.  On  the  3rd  inst.,  Captain  Beebe  reported  to  me 
with  a  section  of  his  battery,  the  Tenth  Wisconsin,  and  remains 
here  on  duty.  On  the  sixth,  the  Fourth  Michigan  returned  to 
this  camp,  the  courier  line  from  Cleveland  to  Chattanooga  hav 
ing  been  witlidrawn,  and  I  then  established  a  line  from  Calhoun 
to  the  Tennessee  Elver  at  Cotton  Port,  connecting  with  line  at 
Washington. 

A  great  many  of  my  horses  were  unshod  when  we  started 
from  Alabama,  as  some  of  the  regiment  had  not  been  able  to 
get  any  horseshoes  since  WTheeler's  raid  into  Middle  Tennessee, 
and  there  were  no  extra  shoes  in  the  command  nor  could  any  be 
obtained  at  Bridgeport  or  Chattanooga  or  anywhere  on  the 
whole  march.  More  than  one-half  the  horses  of  my  command 
were  old  and  not  yet.  recovered  from  the  hard  marching  after 
Wheeler.  During  the  three  days  I  was  encamped  in  the  vicinity 
of  Kelly's  Ford,  it  was  with  the  utmost  difficulty  I  could  get  half 
rations  of  forage  for  my  animals  and  during  the  two  days  that 
I  lay  at  Chattanooga  I  could  not  draw  a  grain.  On  coming  to 
Chattanooga  the  second  time,  I  was  there  thirty-six  hours  and 
got  one  feed  of  corn.  On  the  march  to  North  Carolina,  after 
inarching  thirty  miles,  I  had  to  encamp  in  the  mountains  with 
out  any  forage  whatever.  Between  the  time  we  left  Alabama, 
November  18th,  and  the  time  we  arrived  here,  December  15th, 
we  traveled  (i.  e.  the  main  column)  four  hundred  and  sixty-three 
miles,  and  the  day  we  arrived  in  Knoxville,  we  had  marched  on 
that  and  the  two  previous  days  one  hundred  and  fifteen  miles. 
I  have  been  thus  explicit  in  order  to  explain  to  the  commanding 


— 155 — 

general  the  reason  why  my  command  decreased  with  such  ex 
traordinary  rapidity  from  dismounted  men. 

I  would  respectfully  present  to  the  favorable  notice  of  the 
Major-General  commanding,  for  good  conduct  under  all  circum 
stances  and  unremitting  attention  to  their  duties,  all  of  my  staff, 
viz.:  Captain  Win.  E.  Crane,  Fourth  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry, 
Acting  Assistant  Adjutant-General,  Lieutenat  Wm.  II.  Scott, 
First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry,  Acting  Ordnance  Officer  and  In 
spector,  Lieutenant  C.  J.  Norton,  Second  Kentucky  Cavalry 
Aide,  Lieutenant  II.  H.  Siverd,  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry, 
Acting  Provost  Marshal,  Lieutenant  J.  B.  Hay  den,  Fourth  Ohio 
Volunteer  Cavalry,  Acting  Quartermaster  and  Commissary  of 
Subsistence  and  Assistant  Surgeon  John  Cannon,  First  Ohio 
Volunteer  Cavalry,  Acting  Brigade  Surgeon,  also  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Seidel,  Third  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry,  whose  regiment 
wras  in  advance  approaching  London,  for  the  gallant  manner  in 
which  they  drove  the  rebels  on  that  occasion,  also  Major  T.  J. 
Patten,  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry,  whose  regiment,  being 
advance,  was  led  by  himself  in  person  in  fine  style  in  the  fight 
with  Wheeler  at  this  point,  and  also  for  good  conduct  on  that 
occasion,  Captains  Woodlief  and  Erwin  and  Lieutenants  Hall, 
Koush,  Uiggs  and  Brison  of  that  regiment.  The  men  all  did  as 
well  as  they  could. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

ELI  LONG, 

Colonel  Commanding  Second  Brigade,  Second  Cavalry 
Division. 

Brigadier-General  William  D.  Whipple,  Assistant  Adju 
tant-General. 

From  the  first  to  the  fifteenth  of  March  the  regiment  lay 
in  camp  at  Calhoun,  resuming  routine,  camp  duty  with  picket 
guard  and  scouting.  On  the  fifteenth  the  detachment  was  or 
dered  to  Kinggold,  Ga.,  and  went  into  camp  near  General  Baird' s 
infantry  divfsion,  and  here  Colonel  Long  was  given  leave  of 
absence  for  a  month.  On  the  fifth  of  April  the  detachment  had 
a  lively  skirmish  with  the  rebel  cavalry  and  were  kept  contin 
uously  on  duty  up  to  the  sixteenth  of  April,  and  on  that  day 
they  started  for  Nashville  to  join  the  regiment  of  veterans  and 
recruits  now  being  mounted,  marching  through  Chattanooga, 
Stevenson,  Decherd,  Winchester,  Farmington,  Columbia,  Frank 
lin,  and,  arriving  at  Nashville,  the  regiment  w^as  again  reunited, 
and  about  this  date  Lieutenant  J.  A.  6.  Yeoman,  of  Company  A, 
reported  with  about  forty  recruits. 

This  was  a  campaign  of  continuous  hard  service  and  the 
First  Ohio  was  particularly  distinguished,  especially  in  the  fight 
at  Calhoun,  December  16,  and  Colonel  Long  in  his  report  men 
tions  ten  officers  of  the  realment  for  meritorious  conduct.  For 


—  156— 

the  numbers  engaged,  there  was  no  more  brilliant  charge  by 
cavalry  during  the  war,  and  it  was  a  hand  to  hand  combat  from 
the  start  to  finish  with  sabers,  revolvers  and  clubbed  guns,  and 
in  addition  to  the  killed  and  wounded,  many  of  whom  were 
sabered,  the  regiment  took  almost  as  many  prisoners  as  they 
had  soldiers  engaged  in  the  fight.  Soon  after  this  fight,  Colonel 
Eggleston,  who  had  been  home  on  recruiting  service,  joined  the 
regiment,  and  as  a  large  majority  of  the  men  were  dismounted, 
they  were  marched  back  to  Paint  Rock,  Ala.,  and  thence  to 
Pulaski,  Tenn.  On  the  cold  New  Year's  day,  1864,  that  part 
of  the  regiment  on  the  march  to  Pulaski  to  re-enlist,  was  on 
the  road  and  marched  through  Athens,  Ala.,  to  Prospect,  Tenn., 
and  the  weather  was  so  intensely  cold  that  the  brigade  was 
scattered  out  along  the  road  for  many  miles  and  no  effort  was 
made  to  keep  the  men  in  ranks.  Many  of  the  men  had  their 
ears,  hands  or  feet  frozen,  and  it  will  always  be  remembered 
as  the  coldest  day's  march  we  ever  had,  and  that  night  we 
camped  near  Elk  River.  The  next  day  the  whole  command  was 
ferried  across  Elk  River  by  a  rickety  old  boat,  run  by  a  rope 
and  pulley,  and  one  load  of  men  and  horses  was  upset  and  nar 
rowly  escaped  drowning.  The  brigade  went  into  camp  at 
Pulaski,  Tenn.,  January  3,  and  on  the  fourth  about  three  hun 
dred  men  of  the  regiment  re-enlisted  for  three  years  more  or 
during  the  w^ar. 

The  requirements  of  this  service  were  that  the  soldier  had 
"served  for  two  years  or  more  in  the  same  company  and  regi- 
inent,"  and  he  was  then  eligible  to  re-enlist  as  a  veteran.  The 
inducements  were  a  thirty  days'  furlough  and  a  bounty  of  |300. 
About  one  hundred  of  the  detachment  of  the  regiment  stationed 
at  Calhoun,  with  the  balance  of  the  brigade,  re-enlisted  in  Feb 
ruary,  making  the  total  number  of  the  re-enlistments  about  four 
hundred.  Whitelaw  Reid,  in  his  aOhio  in  the  War,"  writes  of 
these  veteran  enlistments  as  follows: 

"The  Ohio  regiments  in  the  field  had  dwindled  from  a  thou 
sand  to  an  average  of  from  two  to  four  hundred  each.  They 
had  been  decimated  in  battle,  had  languished  in  hospitals,  had 
borne  the  manifold  sufferings  of  the  camp  and  the  march,  had 
gone  through  a  Red  Sea  of  troubles,  and  even  yet  were  far  from 
the  sight  of  the  promised  land.  They  had  left  families,  unpro 
tected,  behind  them;  they  felt  that  others  at  home  should  be 
in  the  ranks  besides  them;  they  saw,  as  yet,  little  reward  for 
all  their  toils,  privations  and  wounds. 

"With  such  a  past  and  such  prospects  to  contemplate,  they 
heard  the  demand  of  the  Generals  for  more  troops.  Their  own 
terms  of  enlistment  were  expiring;  and  long  before  the  great 
campaign  to  which  they  were  then  looking  forward  should  be 
ended,  many  of  them  would  have  the  right  to  turn  their  faces 
homeward.  But,  with  a  patriotism  to  which  the  history  of  the 


—157— 

war  furnishes  no  equal  display,  they  turned  from  this  alluring 
prospect,  resolved  that  the  vacant  places  by  the  loved  firesides 
should  remain  vacant  still,  perhaps  for  the  war,  perhaps  for 
ever,  and  pledged  themselves  to  the  Government  once  more  as 
its  soldiers  to  the  end.  Over  twenty  thousand  veterans,  the 
thin  remnant  of  nearly  eighty  regiments  of  Ohio  soldiers,  re- 
enlisted  for  the  war  within  a  few  weeks  after  the  subject  was 
first  proposed  to  them.  It  wras  the  most  inspiring  act  since  the 
uprising  after  Sumter." 

The  brigade  remained  in  camp  at  Pulaski  until  the  thir 
teenth  of  January,  and  on  that  day  started  on  the  march  for 
Nashville  in  great  spirit  at  the  prospect  of  going  home  to  see 
their  loved  ones  so  anxiously  awaiting  their  coming.  Arrived 
at  Nashville  on  the  sixteenth  and  remained  there  making  out 
muster  and  pay  rolls  until  the  twenty-ninth,  then  took  the  train 
for  Louisville,  reaching  there  on  the  thirtieth,  where  we  were 
paid  oif.  Left  the  same  evening  for  Cincinnati  and  on  to  Colum 
bus,  w^here  we  arrived  on  the  evening  of  February  1. 

On  the  second  and  third  the  men  were  all  given  thirty  days' 
furlough  and  went  to  their  homes  with  orders  to  report  at  Camp 
Chase,  March  4.  During  their  stay  the  boys  were  feasted  and 
feted  continuously,  and  the  citizens  vied  with  each  other  in  hon 
oring  these  boys,  who  had  been  for  more  than  two  years  battling 
for  the  Union.  Again  quoting  from  Keid's  history,  he  says: 

"They  rekindled  the  fires  of  a  glowing  patriotism  through 
out  the  state.  They  fanned  the  work  of  recruiting  to  a  flame. 
They  shamed  out  the  sullen  spirit  of  opposition  to  the  losses 
and  inconveniences  of  the  war  which  had  culminated  in  the 
Vallandigham  movement.  They  secured  the  devotion  anew  of 
the  State,  and  all  that  it  contained,  to  the  great  struggle.  And 
for  themselves,  they  found  how  warm  was  the  popular  grati 
tude,  how  tender  the  care  of  the  soldier,  how  lavish  the  generous 
regards  of  those  from  whose  homes  they  had  been  beating  back 
the  horrors  of  war.  They  were  the  honored  guests  of  the  State, 
were  feasted  at  every  table,  were  toasted  at  every  assemblage, 
were  pointed  out  to  the  little  children  wherever  they  passed  as 
the  men  who  were  saving  the  Nation,  were  showered  with  the 
smiles  of  beauty  and  the  blessings  of  age." 

The  detachment  of  the  regiment  that  remained  at  Calhoun, 
Tenn.,  and  did  not  re-enlist,  seen  some  hard  service  during  the 
months  of  February,  March  and  April,  1864. 

Colonel  Long  was  in  command  of  this  detachment  of  the 
brigade,  and  the  commander  of  any  army  in  which  he  served 
never  allowed  his  command  to  remain  idle  very  long,  if  there 
was  any  service  required  of  the  cavalry.  They  assisted  in  build 
ing  a  bridge  across  the  Hiawassee  Eiver  and  constructed  two 
ferries  and  were  out  on  a  number  of  reconnoitering  expeditions, 
capturing  many  prisoners. 


—158— 

On  the  twenty-second  of  February  the  mounted  men  of  the 
brigade,  and  a  detachment  of  mounted  infantry  under  com 
mand  of  Colonel  Long,  in  all  about  six  hundred  men,  were  or 
dered  out  on  an  expedition  to  the  left  of  our  army  and  right 
rear  of  Bragg's  army.  On  the  twenty-third  the  command  struck 
the  enemy  and  drove  them  back  to  within  about  three  miles 
of  Dalton,  driving  a  Mississippi  infantry  regiment  out  of  their 
camp,  capturing  a  number  of  prisoners.  On  the  twenty-fourth 
the  brigade  again  attacked  the  rebels,  both  infantry  and  cavalry, 
driving  them  back  toward  Dalton,  and,  dismounting  his  men, 
Colonel  Long  pushed  a  brigade  of  infantry  back  into  their  camps, 
wrhere  they  took  position  in  some  log  huts,  built  for  winter  quar 
ters,  and  opened  up  such  a  strong  fusillade,  and  his  force  being 
so  small,  Colonel  Long  fell  back  to  the  infantry  supports. 

On  the  twenty-fifth  the  brigade  again  attacked  the  rebel 
line,  in  connection  with  Colonel  Gross'  brigade  of  the  Fourth 
Army  Corps,  and  again  drove  the  enemy  back  and  held  his  posi 
tion  until  dark.  The  fighting  on  the  twenty-third,  twenty-fourth 
and  twenty-fifth  was  all  between  Varnell's  Station  and  Dalton, 
and  on  the  twenty-sixth  he  again  drove  the  rebel  cavalry  about 
two  and  one-half  miles  back  from  the  Lee  House  toward  Tun 
nel  Hill. 

This  expedition  was  only  intended  as  a  reconnoissance  to 
develop  the  enemy's  position,  but  it  was  a  very  important  dem 
onstration,  and  Colonel  Long  was  mentioned  by  the  commanding 
General  and  very  highly  commended  for  his  spirited  and  aggres 
sive  attack  on  the  right  flank  of  the  rebel  army.  The  total  cas 
ualties  in  both  cavalry  and  infantry  was  about  twelve  killed 
and  ninety  wounded,  including  Captain  Wood,  of  the  Third  Ohio 
Cavalry;  also  nine  horses  were  killed  and  a  number  wounded. 
Colonel  Long  reported  that  he  had  no  means  of  ascertaining 
the  enemy's  loss,  but  they  left  eight  of  their  dead  on  the  field 
and  he  brought  in  twenty-three  prisoners.  A  number  of  dis 
patches  herewith  published  give  a  good  history  of  the  expedition 
in  brief. 

Headquarters  Second  Brigade,  Second  Cavalry  Division,  Hen 
derson's  House,  five  miles  from  Dalton  on  railroad, 

February  24,  1864,  6:30  P.  M. 

Sir:  I  have  just  returned  from  another  recounoissance 
toward  Dalton.  Ran  into  a  large  infantry  cantonment  three 
miles  or  less  from  Daltou  and  ran  out  again.  I  had  several  men 
wounded.  Who  is  intended  to  command,  Colonel  Grose  or  my 
self?  Please  give  some  directions  about  it.  I  don't  think  they 
have  all  left  Dalton  as  much  as  I  did. 

ELI    LOXG, 

Colonel  Commanding  Second  Brigade. 
Major  W.  H.  Sinclair,  Assistant  Adjutant-General. 


—159— 

February  24,  1864,  2  P.  M. 

Sir:  I  have  just  driven  in,  with  one  squadron,  the  infantry 
pickets  on  the  dirt  and  railroad,  three  miles  from  Dalton,  and 
am  now  in  line  with  pickets  skirmishing  in  front.  Their  cavalry 
ran  into  their  infantry  support,  which  they  seem  to  have  on 
all  of  the  roads.  I  am  now  five  miles  from  Dalton,  and  do  not 
think  it  prudent  to  go  any  farther  until  I  hear  further  from  you 
and  the  result  of  your  reconnoissance. 

ELI    LONG, 
Colonel  Commanding. 
Major  W.  H.  Sinclair. 

At  Cross-roads  of  Benton  and  Dalton  Eoad  and  VarnelPs  Sta 
tion  and  King's  Lower  Bridge  Road,  six  miles  southeast  of 
VarnelPs  Station  and  nine  and  one-half  miles  from  Dalton, 

February  24,  1864,  1:25  P.  M. 

At  11:30  this  A.  M.  I  attacked  and  drove  out  of  their  camp 
at  least  a  regiment  of  rebel  infantry,  three  and  one-half  miles 
this  side  of  Dalton.  They  had  winter  quarters  (log  huts),  and 
as  they  were  completely  surprised,  they  had  no  time  to  move 
any  plunder  out  of  their  huts,  and  from  their  appearance  and 
the  small  amount  of  plunder  in  them,  I  believe  they  were  pre 
paring  to  leave.  The  cars  were  whistling  furiously  while  the 
skirmish  was  going  on.  I  have  not  force  enough  to  cope  single- 
handed  with  all  of  their  cavalry,  but  I  think  you  may  advance 
with  safety,  if  you  can  still  keep  your  supports,  Palmer's  troops, 
etc.,  within  supporting  distance.  I  believe  they  are  leaving  the 
place,  and  they  should  not  be  allowed  to  do  (so)  undisturbed.  I 
shall  be  compelled  to  go  somewhere  to  get  some  forage.  Please 
let  me  hear  from  you  as  fully  in  detail  as  you  can.  I  shall  either 
wait  here  or  move  upon  the  road  to  VarnelPs  Station  until  I 
hear  from  you. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

ELI    LONG, 
Colonel  Commanding. 
Major  W.  H.  Sinclair. 

Headquarters  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Fourth  Army  Corps, 
Widow  Burke's  Farm, 

February  24,  1864,  8  P.  M. 

Major:  Colonel  Long  had  the  advance,  drove  their  cavalry 
two  miles,  when  he  met  what  citizens  said  was  Stewart's  divi 
sion  in  sight  of  and  at  the  railroad.  I  advanced  the  infantry 
to  his  support,  checked  and  held  the  enemy  back  at  a  mile  from 
the  railroad,  until  night,  when  we  withdrew  to  here,  leaving 
Colonel  Long  and  one  regiment  of  infantry  to  our  front. 

V.  GROSE, 
Colonel  Commanding. 
Major  Sinclair,  Assistant  Adjutant-General. 


—160— 

Chattanooga,  February  24,  1864,  4  A.  M. 
Major-General  U.  S.  Grant: 

Colonel  Long  went  within  three  and  one-half  miles  of  Dai- 
ton,  and  drove  a  regiment  of  infantry  out  of  winter  quarters. 
Our  main  force  encamped  within  three  miles  of  Tunnel  Hill 
last  night,  and  will  be  on  the  road  to  Dalton  to-morrow  night. 

GEO.  H.  THOMAS. 

DEMONSTRATION    ON    DALTON. 

Extract  from  report  by  Brigadier-General  Charles  Cruft, 
commanding  First  Division,  First  Army  Corps: 

February  22-27,  1864. 

February  24.  Colonel  Long  took  the  advance  about  3:30 
P.  M.,  supported  by  Colonel  Grose,  and  they  drove  the  enemy's 
cavalry  two  miles  before  them,  when  they  came  upon  a  large 
infantry  force  of  the  infantry  near  Glaize's  house  in  position 
on  the  railroad  below  Buzzard  Roost  Gap,  and  about  three  miles 
from  Dalton.  After  considerable  musketry  and  the  use  of  the 
section  of  artillery,  the  enemy,  with  quite  a  spirited  skirmish, 
were  driven  back  under  cover  of  their  rifle  pits  and  held  at  the 
railway  until  night-fall,  when  our  troops  fell  back,  say  two  miles, 
and  bivouacked. 

In  this  engagement  the  casualties  fell  principally  on  Colonel 
Long's  command,  who  is  reported  to  have  charged  the  enemy 
in  splendid  style. 

Colonel  Eli  Long,  commanding  Second  Brigade ,  Second 
Division  of  Cavalry,  with  his  command,  covered  the  exposed 
flank  of  the  division  during  the  entire  march,  and  conformed 
his  movements  to  those  of  the  division.  Though  acting  under 
independent  orders  from  department  headquarters,  he  at  all 
times  co-operated  with  me,  and  by  the  bravery  with  which  he 
rushed  his  column  and  the  care  which  he  took  to  communicate 
all  the  intelligence  which  he  could  obtain,  contributed  largely 
to  attaining  the  objects  of  the  reconnoissance. 

Extract  from  report  of  Colonel  William  Grose: 

Headquarters  Third  Brigade,   First  Division,   Fourth 
Army  Corps, 

Blue  Springs,  Tenn.,  February  29,  1864. 

Sir:  In  this  form,  we  pressed  the  enemy  to  within  three 
hundred  yards  of  the  railroad,  the  command  of  Colonel  Long 
driving  the  rebel  infantry  out  of  their  camp  immediately  in 
front  for  some  time,  when  lines  of  the  enemy's  infantry  com 
menced  an  advance  upon  us.  A  few  well  directed  rounds  from 
the  section  of.  artillery,  with  the  aid  of  a  heavy  skirmish  line, 
brought  them  to  halt  and  put  them  under  cover. 


—161— 

Extract  from  report  of  Colonel  Louis  H.  Walters,  Eighty- 
fourth  Illinois  Infantry: 

Headquarters  Eighty-fourth  Illinois  Infantry, 

February  29,  1864. 

Lieutenant:  Colonel  Long's  cavalry  having  been  sent 
around  our  left  to  gain  the  enemy's  rear,  soon  commenced  skirm 
ishing  with  them  also,  and  in  a  few  minutes  the  enemy  were 
in  retreat. 

L.   H.  WALTERS, 

Colonel  Commanding. 

Lieutenant  J.  McC.  Preston,  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant- 
General. 

Headquarters  Second  Brigade,  Second  Division  Cavalry, 
Near  Lee's  House,  Ga.,  February  27,  1864. 

General:     I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  report: 

I  left  Calhoun,  Tenn.,  Monday,  February  22,  1864,  in  com 
mand  of  six  hundred  men,  three  hundred  and  fifty  mounted  in 
fantry  and  two  hundred  and  fifty  cavalry,  and  inarched  out  on 
the  Spring  Place  road. 

I  left  my  encampment  near  Waterhouse's  Tuesday  morn 
ing,  February  23,  at  7  A.  M.,  and  marched  toward  Dalton.  My 
advance  guard  drove  in  the  enemy's  vedettes  when  within  four 
miles  of  Dalton.  I  immediately  pushed  on  my  column  rapidly 
and  attacked  a  regiment  of  rebel  infantry,  which  was  encamped 
within  three  miles  of  Dalton,  driving  them  from  their  camp  and 
capturing  twelve  prisoners  belonging  to  a  Mississippi  regiment. 
The  enemy  then  formed  and  I  withdrew  my  command  to  Rus 
sell's  Mills,  distance  of  four  miles  east  of  Varnell's  Station,  and 
encamped  for  the  night. 

I  left  my  encampment  at  Russell's  Mills  at  6  A.  M.,  Febru 
ary  24,  and  reached  VarnelPs  about  seven,  where  I  halted  until 
about  10  A.  M.,  in  the  meantime  sending  small  forces  on  the  dif 
ferent  roads  leading  from  Varnell's.  They  met  no  enemy  and 
I  pushed  on  toward  Dalton,  marching  on  a  road  running  parallel 
to  the  Cleveland  and  Dalton  railroad.  WThen  within  five  miles 
of  Dalton,  I  met  with  the  enemy's  pickets.  My  advance  squad 
ron  drove  them  to  within  three  miles  of  Dalton.  I  remained  in 
my  position,  when  I  was  joined  by  Colonel  Grose,  commanding 
a  brigade  of  the  First  Division,  Fourth  Army  Corps.  Soon  after 
the  arrival  of  Colonel  Grose,  I  dismounted  my  command  and  ad 
vanced  in  line  against  the  enemy,  driving  their  skirmishers 
about  one  mile  in  the  direction  of  their  camp,  but  there  I  was 
compelled  to  fall  back,  being  attacked  by  a  brigade  of  rebel  in 
fantry  who  were  firing  at  my  men  from  behind  log  huts.  I  fell 
back  to  the  line  of  Colonel  Grose,  and  soon  afterwardsf  as  it  was 
nearly  dark)  retired  about  two  miles  to  the  rear,  where  I  en 
camped  for  the  night. 


162— 

The  next  morning,  February  25,  I  took  position  on  the  left 
of  our  infantry  lines  and  advanced  as  they  did.  I  moved  up 
about  half  a  mile,  when  my  men  Became  engaged  with  the  en 
emy.  I  was  then  joined  by  one  hundred  men  of  the  Fourth 
Michigan  Cavalry.  I  pressed  on  against  the  enemy  until  I  had 
gotten  a  short  distance  in  front  of  the  advance  of  the  left  of  our 
infantry  lines.  I  then  halted  and  remained  in  my  position  dur 
ing  the  remainder  of  the  day. 

On  the  morning  of  the  twenty-sixth,  I  moved  to  Lee's  House, 
where  our  infantry  was  encamped,  and  remained  there  until 
about  1  P.  M.,  at  which  time  our  pickets  were  fired  upon  by  the 
enemy's  cavalry,  when  I  marched  out  and  drove  the  eoiemy  off. 
I  followed  them  about  two  and  one-half  miles  in  the  direction 
of  Tunnel  Hill. 

I  had  no  means  of  ascertaining  the  injury  done  the  enemy, 
but  it  was  reported  that  eight  bodies  were  left  on  the  field.  I 
took  twenty-three  prisoners.  » 

ELI  LONG, 

Colonel  Commanding  Second  Brigade,   Second  Divi 
sion  €avalry. 

Brigadier-General  Whippel,  Assistant  Adjutant-General. 


V 


Remounting  and  Drilling  after  Re-enlisting  as  Veterans,  March,. 
April  and  May,  1864. 


The  thirty  days'  veteran  furlough  having  expired,  the  regi 
ment  left  Carnp  Chase  for  the  front  on  the  evening  of  March 
8, 1864,  for  Cincinnati,  and  by  boat  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  then  by 
the  L.  and  N.  Kailroad,  arriving  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  on  the 
evening  of  the  eleventh. 

The  regiment  remained  in  barracks  until  the  eighteenth, 
and  then  went  into  camp  out  on  the  Charlotte  Pike.  A  large 
number  of  recruits  had  enlisted  in  the  regiment  during  the  vet 
eran  furlough  and  the  regular  routine  of  drill  and  guard  duty 
was  inaugurated  with  strict  discipline,  much  to  the  disgust  of 
both  veterans  and  recruits.  Dismounted  drill,  manual  of  car 
bine,  pistol  and  saber,  kept  up  continuously  until  April  18th, 
just  one  month,  and  at  this  date  the  regiment  received  their 
horses,  much  to  the  delight  of  men  and  officers.  When  the 
horses  arrived,  the  companies  were  colored,  three  of  bay,  two 
of  sorrel,  one  of  black,  one  of  iron  gray,  one  of  white,  one  of 
brown,  one  of  dun,  and  light  sorrel,  this  wTas  a  new  departure, 
and  added  much  to  the  appearance  of  the  regiment.  New  sad 
dles  and  equipments  were  issued  and  by  the  twenty-first  the 
regiment  was  ready  for  the  field.  Mounted  drill  was  the  order, 
the  work  of  bringing  the  horses  down  to  steady  drill  was  com 
menced,  but  before  this  was  accomplished,  some  of  the  recruits 
were  hurled  to  the  ground  from  wild  and  vicious  horses  and 
severely  injured.  After  a  few  days'  mounted  drill  with  sabers, 
the  carbine  was  brought  into  use,  and  at  first  the  test  of  firing 
would  be  by  fours,  then  by  platoons,  and  next  in  company  front. 
A  horse  will  become  accustomed  to  firing  about  as  quick  as  a 
man,  and  after  a  few  drills  the  majority  of  horses  will  quiet 
down  so  that  they  can  be  easily  handled,  although  they  may  be 
excited  and  nerved  up  to  a  high  tension.  Some  horses  will 
never  become  accustomed  to  firing,  but  will  be  more  excited  and 
frightened  each  drill,  and  such  horses  will  usually  rear  or  squat, 
and  in  some  cases  will  fall  flat  every  time  a  volley  is  fired.  It 
was  not  unusual  in  first  breaking  horses,  when  the  company 


—164— 

fired  a  volley,  to  see  a  half  dozen  running  away,  and  the  excited 
trooper  would  sink  his  spurs  into  the  sides  of  his  frightened 
horse  in  his  frantic  efforts  to  stick  to  his  saddle,  and  this  would 
only  tend  to  increase  the  speed  of  the  flying  charger  and  the 
result  usually  was,  that  the  trooper  landed  on  the  ground  in  the 
first  heat. 

There  were  many  laughable  incidents  of  this  kind  happen 
ing  every  day  during  our  drills  at  Nashville.  On  the  third  day 
of  May  the  regiment  took  up  the  line  of  inarch  for  the  front  and 
joined  the  balance  of  the  brigade  under  command  of  Colonel 
Long  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  on  the  fourth,  and  went  into  camp. 
The  regiment  remained  in  camp  at  Columbia,  doing  guard  and 
picket  duty,  and  drilling  three  or  four  times  each  day,  until  the 
twenty-second  of  May.  The  regiment  and  brigade  were  better 
mounted,  better  armed  and  equipped,  and  better  drilled  than 
ever  before,  and  when  the  order  was  received  to  march  to  the 
front,  it  was  greeted  with  a  shout  of  joy  as  every  good  soldier 
was  ready  and  anxious  to  take  the  field.  The  brigade  left  Co 
lumbia  on  the  Pulaski  Pike  on  the  morning  of  the  twenty-second 
in  high  spirits,  as  it  was  a  beautiful  day,  and  all  realized  that 
we  were  again  off  for  the  front.  The  brigade  marched  through 
Pulaski  and  Athens,  and  arrived  at  Decatur,  Ala.,  on  the 
twenty- sixth,  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  on  a  pontoon  bridge, 
and  joined  the  Seventeenth  Army  Corps,  also  on  the  inarch  from 
Memphis,  Tenn,,  to  join  Sherman's  Army.  The  regiment 
reached  Decatur  about  noon,  and  went  into  camp  near  the  town, 
which  had  a  garrison  of  two  or  three  regiments,  and  the  Ninth 
Ohio  Cavalry  was  stationed  here.  About  three  o'clock  P.  M. 
there  was  an  alarm  at  the  outpost  and  the  First  was  called  to 
horse  and  ordered  to  make  a  reconnoissance  to  the  west  toward 
Courtlandi  Reaching  the  pickets  of  the  Ninth  Ohio  Cavalry,  it 
was  learned  that  there  had  been  some  picket  firing,  and  the  regi 
ment  moved  rapidly  out  on  the  Courtland  road,  and  soon  struck 
the  enemy's  cavalry,  driving  them  pell-mell,  capturing  twenty 
prisoners,  several  wagons,  twenty-five  mules,  and  Corporal 
Samuel  Darrah,  of  Company  K.,  capturing  the  flag  of  the  Seventh 
Alabama  Cavalry  of  Roddy's  brigade.  After  driving  the  enemy 
about  three  miles  the  regiment  returned  to  camp  at  Decatur. 

On  the  morning  of  the  twenty-seventh  the  brigade  moved 
out  on  the  Courtland  road,  and  struck  Roddy's  Cavalry  four  or 
five  miles  from  Decatur.  After  a  sharp  skirmish  the  brigade 
routed  them  and  drove  them  back  slowly  all  day,  reaching  Court- 
land,  twenty-five  miles  distant,  about  9  P.  M.  Our  recollections 
of  Courtlaud  were  not  very  pleasant,  as  about  twenty-five  men 
of  Companies  E  and  K  had  been  taken  prisoners  there  July  25, 
1802.  An  old  planter  by  the  name  of  Bynum  had  piloted  the 
Confederate  Cavalry  under  General  Armstrong  into  the  camp 
on  that  occasion,  and  the  boys  of  Companies  E  and  K  deter- 


—165— 

mined  to  even  up  on  the  old  man,  as  he  had  made  great  pretense 
of  being  loyal  when  we  were  camped  on  his  grounds  in  1862. 
Company  K  marched  up  to  his  house  the  night  we  entered  Court- 
land,  and  soon  relieved  him  of  many  surplus  hams  with  corn 
and  other  forage,  and  then  bivouacked  on  the  identical  ground 
they  were  encamped  on  in  1862.  The  colored  folks  recognized 
the  boys  of  the  regiment,  and  were  soon  busy  assisting  the  boys 
to  the  best  the  plantation  afforded,  and  danced  in  great  glee. 
The  old  planter  was  in  a  great  rage  and  complained  to  General 
Long  the  next  morning,  and  Lieutenant  Curry,  who  had  been 
prominent  in  the  foraging  expedition,  as  he  had  been  taken 
prisoner  here,  was  summoned  before  the  General,  and  after  an 
explanation  of  Bynum's  treachery  in  assisting  in  the  capture  of 
the  detachment  of  the  regiment  in  1862,  Bynum  was  dismissed 
very  curtly  with  an  admonition  to  go  and  "sin  no  more.77  B.  F. 
Lucas,  of  Company  K,  was  killed  here  in  1862  and  buried  near 
the  camp,  and  some  of  the  boys  made  a  search  for  his  grave,  but 
it  could  not  be  found  as  the  hogs  had  rooted  up  the  ground  and 
the  head-board  that  marked  his  lonely  grave  had  been  knocked 
down  by  the  stock  or  carried  away.  On  the  morning  of  the 
twenty-eighth  the  brigade  moved  south  on  the  Moulton  road 
over  the  same  route  that  about  twenty-five  of  us  unhappy  pris 
oners  had  been  taken  two  years  before,  and  the  same  brigade  of 
cavalry,  commanded  by  Roddy,  was  on  our  flanks  and  making 
an  effort  to  obstruct  our  march.  The  regiment  passed  through 
Moulton  and  the  Old  Court  House  where  we  had  been  confined 
as  prisoners  of  war  had  been  converted  into  a  hospital  and  a 
number  of  sick  Confederate  soldiers  were  sitting  under  the  trees 
and  about  the  doors.  This  scene  brought  back  vividly  to  mem 
ory  the  hot  July  clays  of  1862  when  we  were  prisoners  of  war 
and  the  hard  night  march  toward  Tupola,  Miss.,  and  the  threat 
of  the  Confederate  officer  in  command,  "that  a  prisoner  who  fell 
out  of  ranks  under  any  pretense  should  be  cut  down."  But  the 
fortunes  of  war  had  changed  the  situation  and  we  were  now 
masters  of  the  field.  We  took  a  grim  and  justified  satisfaction 
in  scowling  at  the  citizens  of  this  town  who  had  greeted  us  with 
jeers  and  insults  tw^o  years  before.  The  brigade  wheeled  to  the 
east  at  Moulton,  and  marched  out  about  five  miles  on  the  Dan 
ville  Pike  and  bivouacked.  Roddy's  command  made  a  few  little 
dashes  on  the  pickets  in  the  evening,  and  the  order  was  given 
to  unsaddle,  feed,  water  and  groom  the  horses  and  then  saddle 
again  for  the  night,  as  General  Long  anticipated  an  attack  early 
in  the  morning.  About  daybreak  Sunday  morning  the  twenty- 
ninth,  Roddy's  brigade  attacked  our  pickets  dismounted,  on  two 
sides  of  the  camp,  and  the  attack  was  so  impetuous  that  our 
pickets  were  driven  in  before  the  brigade  could  be  formed  to 
resist  the  attack  and  the  men  were  ordered  to  mount  without 
gathering  uj? their  blankets  or  cooking  utensils.  The  road  ran 


—166— 

east  and  west  and  the  First  was  camped  on  the  south  side  of 
the  road  in  a  piece  of  woods,  and  on  the  north  side  of  the  road 
was  an  open  field  in  which  the  regiment  formed,  facing  the  west. 
The  regiment  had  just  swung  into  line,  when  it  was  fairly  day 
light,  and  looking  across  a  narrow  skirt  of  woods  in  our  front, 
a  rebel  battery  was  in  plain  view  coming  into  position  on  a 
piece  of  open  ground  about  half  a  mile  away.  In  about  two 
minutes  the  battery  opened  up  on  our  line  with  shells,  and  the 
gunners  could  be  plainly  seen  in  their  shirt  sleeves.  A  shell 
came  screaming  over  our  heads  and  could  be  distinctly  seen  be 
fore  it  reached  our  line  and  tore  through  Company  H,  cutting 
down  men  and  horses  and  the  leg  of  Charley  Welches  horse,  the 
regimental  saddler,  was  torn  off,  and  also  took  Charley's  boot 
heel.  The  First  was  ordered  to  dismount  and  move  to  the  front 
across  the  narrow  strip  of  wood,  which  movement  was  executed 
on  the  double-quick,  and  the  horses  were  sent  to  the  rear.  When 
the  regiment  had  crossed  the  wood,  and  reached  the  fence  along 
the  line  of  some  old  fields,  the  rebel  skirmishers  were  jumping 
from  tree  to  tree  in  an  old  deadening  and  were  banging  away 
pretty  lively.  Our  whole  line  laid  down  behind  the  fence  and 
opened  up  with  their  carbines  which  soon  checked  the  rebel  ad 
vance  in  our  immediate  front.  The  shells  were  flying,  knocking 
up  the  dirt  in  front  of  our  line  and  the  rebels  were  pressing  our 
left  flank  by  a  strong  dismounted  column  from  the  woods  south 
of  the  road,  and  ooasr  line  was  pushed  back  a  short  distance  on 
the  left  and  the  indications  were  that  our  left  would  be  turned. 
At  this  critical  moment  a  shout  was  heard  on  our  right  and  a 
regiment  mounted  which  proved  to  be  the  Third  Ohio  Cavalry 
charging  the  battery.  This  movement  relieved  our  line  and  the 
dismounted  men  of  the  brigade  dashed  forward  with  a  yell,  driv 
ing  the  rebels  rapidly,  capturing  a  number  of  prisoners,  and 
Koddy's  whole  command  soon  beat  a  hasty  retreat. 

As  the  regiment  was  lying  behind  the  fence  when  the  fight 
opened,  a  shell  from  the  rebel  battery  struck  the  ground  about 
a  hundred  feet  in  front  of  the  line  and  made  a  recochet,  bounced 
up  against  the  fence,  and  a  recruit  in  Company  K  by  the  name 
of  Strickler  or  McCormick,  reached  through  the  fence  and  picked 
the  shell  up,  exclaiming  with  much  delight,  "Here  it  is,  boys." 
There  was  a  lively  stampede  by  the  old  veterans,  as  they  expected 
the  shell  to  explode,  but  fortunately  the  fuse  had  gone  out  and 
no  harm  was  done.  It  is  safe  to  say  that  this  recruit  never  picked 
up  another  shell  during  the  service  after  he  fully  realized  the 
peril  he  was  in.  Another  recruit  was  struck  on  the  shoulder 
by  a  spent  ball,  which  whirled  him  around,  and  he  imagined 
the  ball  had  gone  clear  through  his  shoulder,  and  it  was  some 
moments  before  he  could  be  convinced  that  he  was  not  seriously 
wounded.  We  had  a  large  number  of  recruits  and  they  stood 
up  like  veterans  in  this,  their  first  hot  fight. 


—167— 

Having  driven  the  enemy  in  a  regular  stampede,  taking 
thirty-five  prisoners,  the  brigade  fell  back  to  our  camp,  gathered 
up  quite  a  number  of  the  enemy's  wounded,  in-eluding  two 
officers.  Our  loss  was  about  twenty  killed  and  wounded,  in 
cluding  Hanibal  George,  of  Company  K,  a  recruit,  killed,  who 
had  only  been  under  fire  once  before,  and  John  Click,  of  Com 
pany  F,  killed.  The  loss  of  the  enemy  must  have  been  much 
larger,  as  they  made  the  assault  and  our  troops  were  protected 
by  woods  and  fences.  The  new  recruits  -thought  it  was  a  pretty 
lively  scrap  before  breakfast  Sunday  morning,  an-d  so  it  was. 
After  getting  breakfast  we  moved  east  again  to  join  the  Seven 
teenth  Army  Corps,  passing  through  a  very  rough,  destitute 
country,  and  struck  the  rear  of  the  wagon  train  of  that  corps 
at  Summerville  on  the  evening  of  the  same  day.  We  were  so 
delayed  by  their  train  that  we  did  not  go  into  camp  until  two 
o'clock  in  the  morning,  the  prisoners  marching  all  that  distance 
on  foot.  Among  the  prisoners  was  a  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  an 
Alabama  regiment,  a  very  jovial,  good-natured  gentleman,  and 
he  related  the  following  incident,  much  to  the  amusement  of 
the  guards:  He  said  that  Roddy  called  his  regimental  com 
manders  together  before  daybreak  Sunday  morning,  and  after 
laying  before  them  his  plan  of  attack,  said  he  "now  had  the 
First  Ohio  just  where  he  wanted  them  and  that  he  proposed  to 
capture  the  whole  regiment"  "But,"  said  the  Colonel,  "instead 
of  Roddy  having  the  First  Ohio  just  where  he  wants  them,  it 
rather  strikes  me  that  regiment  has  got  me  just  where  I  do 
not  want  to  be." 

Tiie  brigade  marched  with  the  Seventeenth  Corps  over 
Raccoon  Mountain  through  "Valley  Pass"  and  through  Warren- 
ton,  then  up  Sand  Mountain  and  down  "Rhodes'  Pass"  near 
Van  Buren. 

On  the  second  day  of  June  we  went  into  camp  in  "Will's 
Valley,"  unsaddling  the  first  time  for  four  days. 

June  third,  crossed  Lookout  Mountain,  and  near  the  foot 
of  the  mountain  was  large  iron  works  at  a  place  called  Blue 
Pond.  A  squadron  of  the  First  Ohio,  I  and  K,  had  the  ad 
vance,  and  on  making  inquiry  of  some  citizen,  were  informed 
that  the  rebel  cavalry  were  going  to  "make  a  stand  at  Blue 
Pond."  Thereupon  the  advance  moved  very  carefully.  We  also 
found  hand  bills,  printed  on  browrn  paper,  tacked  to  the  trees 
along  the  road,  headed,  "Attention,  Raid  Repelers,"  and  then 
followed  a  high-sounding  appeal  to  the  citizens  to  assemble  at 
Blue  Pond  "to  repel  the  Yankee  Vandals."  As  we  approached 
Blue  Pond — a  city  of  magnificent  distances — a  cross-road  with 
grocery  and  post-office,  sure  enough  there  were  the  "repelers" 
drawn  up  in  line,  and  they  gave  us  one  volley  from  their  shot 
guns  and  rifles,  then  wheeled,  and  away  they  went  on  mules 
and  farm  horses.  The  squadron  dashed  forward  under  the  spur, 


—168— 

and  after  a  chase  of  about  a  mile  we  were  gaining  so  rapidly 
on  them  that  they  began  to  take  to  the  woods,  some  of  them 
leaving  horses  and  mules  in  the  road,  and  taking  across  the 
fields,  and  the  squadron  captured  sixteen  prisoners,  and  the 
repelers  were  no  more  forever. 

As  we  had  expected  a  fight  and  the  affair  turned  out  so 
ridiculous,  it  was  a  by-word  during  the  Atlanta  campaign,  that 
the  Johnnies  would  make  a  stand  at  Blue  Pond. 

The  same  day  we  passed  through  Cedar  Bluff,  where  we 
captured  some  Confederate  uniforms  and  other  stores. 

ATLANTA    CAMPAIGN. 

June,  July  and  August,  1864. 

The  following  troops  composed  the  Second  Cavalry  Division 
on  the  Atlanta  campaign: 

SECOND    DIVISION. 

Brigadier-General  Kenner  Garrard. 
First  Brigade. 

Colonel  Eobert  H.  G.  Minty. 
Fourth  Michigan ....  Lieutenant-Colonel  Josiah  B.  Park 

Seventh  Pennsylvania Colonel  William  B.  Sipes 

Fourth  United  States Captain  James  B.  Mclntyre 

Second  Brigade. 

Colonel  Eli  Long. 

First  Ohio Colonel  Beroth  B.  Eggleston 

Third  Ohio ....  Lieutenant-Colonel  Horace  N.  Howland 
Fourth  Ohio Lieutenant-Colonel  Oliver  P.  Robie 

Third  Brigade  (Mounted  Infantry). 

Colonel  John  T.  Wilder. 
Ninety-eighth  Illinois 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Edward  Kitchell 

One  Hundred  and  Twenty-third  Illinois 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Jonathan  Biggs 

Seventeenth  Indiana.. Lieutenant-Colonel  Henry  Jordan 
Seventy-second  Indiana Colonel  Abram  O.  Miller 

Artillery. 

Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery 

Lieutenant  George  I.  Robinson 

Total  strength  Second  Division  (K.  Garrard),  10,293,  April, 
1864. 

Total  strength  Cavalry  Corps,  32,485,  April,  1864. 

We  reached  Rome,  Ga.,  on  the  fourth  of  June,  where  we 


—169— 

struck  the  right  of  Sherman's  ariny.  On  the  sixth  we  marched 
to  Kingston,  arrived  at  Alatoona  on  the  eighth,  and  the  brigade 
was  assigned  to  picket  and  out-post  duty  at  once  in  front  of 
Johnston's  army. 

This  was  a  poor  and  barren  country  and  forage  was  very 
scarce;  this  soon  began  to  tell  very  seriously  on  our  mounts, 
and  we  were  compelled  to  graze  and  feed  sparingly  of  wheat, 
which  was  just  ripening. 

We  held  our  camp  near  Alatoona  until  the  fifteenth  and 
had  some  skirmishing  daily.  On  the  afternoon  of  the  fifteenth 
the  brigade  advanced  on  the  extreme  left  of  the  army  and  made 
an  attack,  dismounted,  on  the  enemy's  lines  at  Noon  Day  Creek, 
driving  them  back  more  than  a  mile  and  into  their  works,  and 
here  we  had  a  severe  engagement,  losing  about  twenty  men, 
killed  and  wounded.  The  enemy  held  the  works,  and  after  about 
one  hour  the  brigade  fell  back  and  mounted  in  some  old  fields. 
Here  a  rebel  battery  got  range  on  our  lines  and  the  shells  came 
rattling  down  very  uncomfortably,  killing  and  wounding  several 
men  of  the  regiment,  and  we  wrere  soon  ordered  back  into  the 
woods  and  erected  barricades  of  rails  and  logs.  Among  the 
killed  wras  Jerry  Griffith,  Company  K,  and  Jacob  Hendershot, 
Company  H,  and  among  the  wounded  was  Captain  Pickering, 
Company  F,  John  Shultz,  Company  K,  Henry  H.  Myers,  Com 
pany  G,  killed,  and  Jarratt  Johnson,  Company  H,  leg  torn  off  by 
a  shell.  Just  as  Johnson  was  wounded,  the  regiment  was  or 
dered  to  fall  back  into  the  woods,  and  when  he  saw  the  movement 
of  the  regiment  he  was  lying  down  against  a  high  paling  fence 
in  rear  of  our  line,  he  immediately  grasped  the  fence  and  com 
menced  hopping  and  pulling  his  mangled  limb  along  on  the 
ground.  He  plead  with  his  comrades  not  to  leave  him,  but 
under  the  strict  orders  then  in  force,  no  officer  or  soldier  in  the 
ranks  was  allowed  to  fall  out  to  care  for  a  w^ounded  soldier, 
as  General  Sherman  had  said,  in  issuing  this  order:  "First  whip 
the  enemy,  and  then  your  wounded  are  safe."  After  we  fell  back 
into  the  woods  a  detail  from  Company  H  went  back  and  carried 
Johnson  to  the  ambulance.  His  leg  was  amputated,  and  he 
now  lives  at  New^  Market,  Ohio. 

We  lay  in  line  of  battle  all  night,  holding  our  horses,  and 
on  the  afternoon  of  the  sixteenth  moved  to  the  right,  had  some 
skirmishing  dismounted,  throwing  up  barricades  again.  We 
unsaddled,  but  as  there  was  heavy  cannonading  still  upon  our 
right,  we  were  ordered  to  saddle  and  stood  to  horse  during  most 
of  the  night. 

We  lay  in  our  breast-works  all  day  of  the  seventeenth,  with 
some  skirmishing  in  our  front  and  a  continuous  artillery  duel 
between  a  battery  just  at  our  right  and  a  rebel  battery  in  our 
front,  at  a  range  of  about  two  miles,  and  the  shells  were  drop 
ping  around  uncomfortably  near  us  all  day. 


—170— 

We  lay  in  line  all  day  of  the  eighteenth  and  had  some  skirm 
ishing.  Heavy  fighting  on  the  right  and  the  rebel  batteries  on 
Kenesaw  Mountain  pounded  away  steadily  all  day  and  on  into 
the  night.  It  was  a  grand  sight  after  night  to  see  the  shells 
exploding,  the  guns  flashing  and  the  signal  rockets  from  both 
armies. 

On  the  nineteenth  our  whole  division  moved  to  the  front 
and  attacked  the  enemy,  driving  them  into  their  works  across 
Noon  Day  Creek.  We  held  our  position  and  lay  in  line  all 
night.  In  the  morning  again  attacked  the  enemy  and  had  a 
severe  fight,  and  our  loss  on  the  twentieth  and  twenty-first  in 
the  division  was  sixty-five.  Attacked  the  enemy  again  on  the 
twenty-second  and  drove  them  back  with  considerable  loss. 

The  First  was  on  picket  duty  on  the  twenty-third,  and  in 
the  afternoon  the  whole  division  moved  up  and  our  pickets  were 
advanced  by  order  of  General  Garrard,  with  orders  to  watch 
the  movements  of  the  enemy  very  closely,  as  their  pickets  were 
in  plain  view.  In  a  short  time  there  seemed  to  be  an  unusual 
commotion  along  the  rebel  line  as  mounted  men  were  dashing 
back  and  forth,  and  the  General  was  informed  of  the  move 
ment.  In  a  few  moments  a  dismounted  column  emerged  from 
a  piece  of  woods  in  our  front  on  double-quick  in  column  of 
fours,  marching  parallel  to  our  line,  until  a  regiment  or  two  was 
in  sight,  then  wheeled  into  line  and  with  a  yell  charged  down 
the  hill  toward  a  little  creek  about  half  way  between  the  two 
lines.  Our  whole  division  was  lying  in  line  dismounted,  and 
at  the  command  they  raised  up,  rushed  forward  with  a  yell, 
opened  up  with  their  carbines,  and  the  volleys  were  deafening 
for  a  fewr  minutes.  By  this  time  the  rebel  line  had  reached 
the  creek  and  was  well  sheltered  by  timber,  but  volley  after 
volley  was  poured  into  them.  At  this  time  the  Seventeenth 
Army  Corps  was  advancing  on  our  right,  but  they  had  not  yet 
struck  the  rebel  line.  General  Frank  Blair,  commander  of  the 
Seventeenth  Corps,  was  on  the  left  of  his  line,  and  he  ordered 
up  a  battery,  and,  under  his  direction,  they  opened  up  on  the 
enemy.  Company  K,  of  the  First,  was  on  picket  and  were  just 
falling  back  to  the  main  line  when  the  battery  came  up,  and 
the  company,  being  right  in  front  of  the  battery,  was  ordered 
to  lie  down,  and  the  battery  fired  over  them  for  several  minutes. 
It  was  a  perilous  position,  as  they  were  firing  very  rapidly  and 
there  was  great  danger  of  the  shells  exploding  soon  after  leaving 
the  guns.  When  the  boys  would  look  back  over  their  shoulders 
and  see  the  red  flames  belching  forth  from  the  mouths  of  the 
guns,  they  would  then  hug  the  ground  a  little  closer.  The  rebel 
advance  was  soon  checked,  and  we  lay  in  line  all  night.  The 
next  day  the  rebels  asked  for  an  armistice  to  allow  them  to 
bury  their  dead  and  care  for  the  wounded.  Loss  in  the  division, 
fortv  killed  and  wounded. 


—171— 

From  the  twenty-fourth  of  June  until  the  evening  of  the  sec 
ond  of  July  we  lay  on  the  extreme  left  of  the  army  and  were  on 
picket  or  skirmishing-  continuously.  During  all  of  this  time, 
day  and  night,  the  batteries  from  both  armies  were  pounding 
away.  The  Battle  of  Kennesaw  Mountain  was  fought  June 
27th,  and  in  fact  the  firing  was  so  heavy  that  it  seemed  the 
whole  earth  was  in  a  tremble  all  the  time.  About  nine  o'clock 
P.  M.  of  the  second,  we  moved  to  the  right  and  had  a  tedious 
night  march,  winding  around  among  the  breastworks  —  long  to 
be  remembered  by  the  regiment.  At  daybreak  of  the  third  we 
found  ourselves  direct  west  from  Kennesaw,  but  instead  of  the 
white  puffs  of  smoke  rising  up  from  near  the  lone  tree  on  top  of 
the  mountain  from  the  rebel  battery  as  usual,  we  only  saw  the 
bare  mountain,  gleaming  in  the  hot  sunshine  that  quiet  Sunday 
morning,  for  Johnson's  army  had  evacuated  and  were  crossing 
the  Chattahoochie. 

Headquarters  Cavalry  Division,  July  5,  1864. 
Captain  Dayton,  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant-General: 

Captain:  I  have  to  report  for  the  information  of  the  Major- 
General  commanding  that  my  command  is  camped  on  the  Wil- 
leyo  Creek  near  Roswell  Factory.  My  advance  is  at  the  Fac 
tory.  I  will  destroy  all  buildings.  The  bridge  at  this  point 
over  the  river  is  burnt  by  the  rebels.  The  ford  is  passable;  so 
reported  by  citizens.  I  sent  a  regiment  to  the  paper-mills,  burnt 
the  paper-mills,  flouring-mills  and  machine-shops.  The  citizens 
report  the  banks  of  the  river  high  at  Powers'  Ferry  and  bat 
teries  in  position  on  south  bank.  They  had  a  pontoon  bridge 

K.    GARRARD, 

at  Pace's  Ferry,  a  few  miles  below,  wrhere  a  portion  of  their 
army  crossed. 

Brigadier-General,  Commanding  Division. 

July  6,  1864. 

There  were  some  fine  factories  here,  one  woolen  factory, 
capacity  30,000  yards  a  month,  and  has  furnished  up  to  within 
a  few  weeks  15,000  yards  per  month  to  the  rebel  Government, 
the  Government  furnishing  men  and  material.  Capacity  of  cot 
ton-factory,  216  looms,  191,086  yards  per  month,  and  51,£66 
pounds  of  thread,  and  4,229  pounds  of  cotton  rope.  This  was 
worked  exclusively  for  the  rebel  Government.  The  other  cotton- 
factory,  one  mile  and  a  half  from  town,  I  have  no  data  concern 
ing.  There  was  six  months'  supply  of  cotton  hand,  over  the 
woolen  factory  the  French  flag  was  flying,  but  seeing  no  Federal 
flag  above  it,  I  had  the  building  burned. 

The  machinery  of  the  cotton-factory  cost,  before  the  war, 
§400,000.  The  superintendent  estimates  that  it  alone  was  worth, 
with  its  material,  etc.,  when  burnt,  over  a  million  of  our  money. 

K,  GARRARD. 


—172— 

Chattahooche,  July  7,  1864. 
General  Garrard,  Roswell,  Ga. : 

General:  Your  report  is  received  and  is  most  acceptable. 
I  had  no  idea  that  the  factories  at  Roswell  remained  in  opera 
tion,  but  supposed  the  machinery  had  all  been  removed.  Their 
utter  destruction  is  right  and  meets  my  entire  approval,  and  to 
make  the  matter  complete  you  will  arrest  the  owners  and  em 
ployes  and  send  them,  under  guard,  charged  with  treason,  to 
Marietta,  and  I  will  see  to  any  man  in  America  hoisting  the 
French  flag  and  then  devoting  his  labor  and  capital  in  supplying 
armies  in  open  hostility  to  our  government,  and  claiming  the 
benefit  of  his  neutral  flag.  Should  you,  under  the  impulse  of 
anger,  natural  at  contemplating  such  perfidy,  hang  the  wretch, 
I  approve  the  act  beforehand 

I  do  wish  to  inspire  all  cavalry  with  my  conviction  that 
caution  and  prudence  should  be  but  a  very  small  element  in 

their  characters 

I  am,  with  respect,  yours  truly, 

W.  T.  SHERMAN, 
Major-General  Commanding. 

We  moved  into  Marietta  on  the  fourth.  On  the  fifth  we 
marched  to  the  left  and  burned  a  large  paper  mill,  and  on  the 
sixth  burned  a  large  cotton  factory  at  Roswell,  employing  eight 
hundred  hands.  The  manager  raised  the  French  flag  and 
claimed  protection,  but  the  game  would  not  work  and  the  torch 
was  applied.  The  enemy  burned  the  bridge  across  the  Chatta- 
hoochie  at  this  point  and  our  army  could  not  cross  until  the 
bridge  was  rebuilt. 

The  Army  of  the  Tennesse  moved  up  to  Roswell  and 
in  a  few  days  erected  a  bridge  out  of  round  poles  and 
logs,  and  on  the  tenth  some  of  the  infantry  commenced  cross 
ing  the  river.  Their  immense  wagon  trains  were  left  on  the 
north  side  of  the  river  and  as  we  were  on  the  extreme  left  flank, 
their  trains  were  in  great  peril  and  we  were  kept  constantly  on 
the  alert  watching  the  movements  of  the  enemy  to  keep  their 
cavalry  at  a  safe  distance  from  the  trains. 

From  the  sixth  to  the  twenty-sixth  of  July  we  were  en 
camped  in  the  vicinity  of  Roswell,  scouting,  foraging  and  guard 
ing  the  fords  along  the  river,  and  had  a  number  of  skirmishes 
with  the  enemy's  cavalry.  On  the  twenty-sixth  the  brigade 
moved  down  the  river  and  crossed,  and  on  the  twenty-eighth  and 
twenty-ninth,  thirtieth  and  thirty-first  we  were  at  Marietta,  and 
on  the  first  of  August  we  marched  to  Buekhead,  so  named  on 
account  of  five  roads  branching  off  from  this  point.  There  was 
no  town  here,  but.  a  miserable  country,  and  about  three  and  a 
half  miles  northeast  from  Atlanta. 


—173— 

On  the  twenty-seventh  two  brigades  of  the  Second  Cavalry 
division  made  a  raid  toward  Covington  and  Stone  Mountain  and 
had  a  severe  engagement  at  Flat  Kock,  in  which  the  regiment 
did  not  participate,  as  it  was  on  the  march  from  Koswell  down 
the  river. 

The  brigade  was  in  camp  at  Buckhead  from  August  1st  to 
the  eighteenth,  but  made  a  number  of  scouts  and  were  on  out 
post  duty  almost  all  the  time,  watching  the  movements  of  the 
enemy  on  the  left  flank;  on  the  ninth  advanced  to  Decatur  and 
attacked  the  enemy,  driving  them  about  two  miles,  capturing  a 
number  of  prisoners. 

Again  on  the  fifteenth  the  brigade  made  a  reconnoissance 
and  developed  the  enemy  in  strong  force  and  had  a  severe  en 
gagement  again,  driving  them  from  the  field. 


Kilpatrick's  Raid  Around  Atlanta. 


On  the  evening  of  the  seventeenth  the  Brigade  was  ordered 
to  report  to  General  Kilpatrick  on  the  extreme  right  of  our 
army  at  Sandtown  by  daylight  the  next  morning.  After  draw 
ing  five  days'  rations,  we  w^ere  saddled  and  mounted  by  mid 
night,  marched  down  the  Chattahoochie  in  rear  of  our  army 
and  reached  Sandtown  early  in  the  morning  of  the  eighteenth. 
We  went  into  bivouac,  watered,  fed  and  groomed  our  horses 
and  were  ordered  to  take  all  the  rest  we  could  possibly  get  dur 
ing  the  day.  The  weather  was  very  hot,  the  flies  and  insects 
were  swarming  and  the  surroundings  were  anything  but  invit 
ing  for  a  good  day's  rest.  The  night  march  had  been  tedious 
and  tiresome  and  from  sheer  exhaustion  the  men  slept  some,  not 
withstanding  heat,  dust  and  insects.  About  five  o'clock  P.  M. 
we  were  ordered  to  feed  and  water  our  horses  and  get  supper, 
and  be  ready  to  saddle  in  an  hour.  By  sundown  we  were  again 
in  the  saddle  and  our  Brigade  was  formed  in  an  open  field.  An 
order  was  read,  stating  that  we  had  been  "selected  as  the  last 
hope  of  the  commanding  General  to  cut  the  enemy's  communica 
tion,  and  wre  must  go  forth  with  the  determination  to  do  or  die." 

General  Stoneman  and  General  Ed.  McCook  with  two  di 
visions  of  cavalry,  numbering  nine  thousand  men,  General  Mc 
Cook  from  the  right  and  General  Stoneman  from  the  left  flank, 
had  made  the  attempt  late  in  July  to  cut  the  railroad  south  of 
Atlanta,  but  had  failed  to  do  the  work  effectively.  McCook  de 
stroyed  a  mile  or  two  of  the  West  Point  "Railroad  and  reached 
Lovejoy's  Station,  but  was  compelled  by  an  overwhelming  force 
of  the  enemy  surrounding  his  division  to  fall  back  to  our  lines 
again.  General  Stoneman  was  driven  back  and  he,  with  about 
one  thousand  of  his  command,  was  captured. 

Kilpatrick's  command  was  composed  of  the  First  Brigade 


Maj.  Gen.  Jndson  Kilpatrick. 


•"ir>l  Ohio  Cavalry   \vatrrinn   in   ( 'liattanoo^a   Valley,    'I'eini. 


—  175— 

and  Second  Brigade  of  the  Second  Division,   commanded  by 

Colonel  Minty  and  Colonel  Long,  respectively: 

First  Brigade,  Fourth  U.  S.  Cavalry 273 

Seventh  Pennsylvania  Cavalry 393 

Fourth  Michigan  Cavalry 250 

Headquarters 73 

Second  Brigade 

First  Ohio  Cavalry 346 

Third  Ohio  Cavalry 477 

Fourth  Ohio  Cavalry 479 

Headquarters 81 

Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery 90 


Total 2,398 

Third  Division,  Colonel  Murray  commanding,  2,400,  mak 
ing  a  total  of  4,798  men,  with  eight  pieces  of  artillery,  and  Gen 
eral  Kilpatrick  in  command  of  the  corps.     Every  officer  and 
soldier  in  the  command  realized  that  the  proposed  expedition 
was  very  perilous  and  the  chances  were  that  many  of  us  would 
either  be  killed  or  wounded  or  what  seemed  worse,  land  in  a 
rebel  prison.     After  the  order  was  read  the  order  was  given 
for  the  pack  train  to  fall  out  and  all  troopers  whose  horses  were 
lame  or  exhausted  should  go  to  the  rear,  and  some  troopers  may 
have  dropped  out,  whose  horses  were  not  very  lame.     In  a  few 
minutes  and  just  as  the  sun  was  dropping  behind  the  mountain, 
the  command  was  given  "right,  forward,  fours  right",  and  we 
were  off  on  what  proved  to  be  one  of  the  hardest  cavalry  raids 
during  our  four  years'  service.     Soon  after  dusk  we  struck  the 
enemy's  pickets,  which  proved  to  be  the  advance  of  Boss'  and 
Ferguson's  brigades  of  cavalry,  and  a  brisk  skirmish  was  kept 
up  all  night  and  during  a  greater  part  of  the  time  we  were  dis 
mounted,  as  the  enemy  would  throw  up  barricades  at  every  good 
position  at  bridges  or  along  the  edge  of  a  wood  and  they  gave 
us  so  much  trouble  that  instead  of  reaching  the  West  Point  Kail- 
road  at  midnight,  as  was  intended,  we  did  not  strike  it  until  just 
at  daybreak  of  the  nineteenth.     The  regiment,  under  orders 
from  Colonel  Long,  dismounted,  commenced  tearing  up  and  de 
stroying  the  railroad  track  and  succeeded  in  tearing  up  about 
a  mile  of  the  track  near  and  southwest  of  Fairburn.     Cavalry, 
when  they  became  accustomed  to  this  kind  of  work,  would  tear 
up  a  track  very  rapidly.     When  the  order  is  given  to  dismount, 
number  one,  two  and  three  dismount,  and  number  four  always 
holds  horses,  remains  mounted  and  leads  the  other  three  horses. 
Number  two  hands  his  reins  to  number  four,  number  two  ties 
his  rein  to  the  bit  of  number  three  and  number  one  to  rein  of 
number  two.     The  men  then  form  along  one  side  of  the  track 
in  close  order  and  at  command  grasp  the  rails  and  ties  and  turn 
the  track  over,  and  sometimes  a  half  mile  of  track  is  turned  be- 


—176— 

fore  a  joint  is  broken,  the  men  move  along  rapidly  and  many 
rods  of  the  track  will  be  standing  up  on  edge.  If  there  is  time 
the  rails  are  then  torn  loose  from  the  ties  by  picks  and  axes, 
carried  for  that  purpose,  the  ties  are  piled  up  and  the  rail  -i  on 
top  of  them  and  then  the  ties  are  fired  and,  thus  the 
rails  are  heated  and  bent  out  of  shape  by  being  twisted 
around  trees  or  telegraph  poles,  are  left  there  to  cool, 
and  no  doubt  some  of  them  are  there  yet  to  mark  the  trail 
of  the  cavalry  raiders.  The  regiment  destroyed  about  half 
a  mile  of  the  track,  when  the  brigade  was  attacked  by  the  cav 
alry  and  artillery  of  the  enemy  in  both  the  rear  and  left  ihuik. 
We  were  ordered  to  mount,  and  the  regiment  galloped  forward 
to  join  the  brigade  which  had  crossed  the  track  and  had  the 
advance.  The  brigade  formed  a  line  of  battle  facing  toward 
the  left  and  just  as  we  began  to  advance  a  battery  galloped  into 
position  on  a  little  knoll  to  the  right  of  our  line.  The  line  was 
advancing  at  a  walk  when  an  officer  came  dashing  down  from 
the  battery,  who  proved  to  be  the  dashing  dare-devil,  Kitpatrick, 
and  he  ordered  the  line  forward  at  a  gallop  across  the  field.  He 
was  mounted  on  an  Arabian  horse  and  looked  the  ideal  cavalry 
man  as  he  dashed  forward  in  front  of  our  line,  his  horse  clearing 
a  wide  ditch  running  across  the  field  and  ini?o  which  several 
horses  fell,  as  they  were  urged  to  jump  it  by  their  riders.  The 
brigade  dashed  into  the  woods  and  soon  routed  the  enemy,  tak 
ing  a  number  of  prisoners.  During  all  this  time  Kilpatrick's 
headquarters  band,  mounted  on  white  horses,  was  enlivening  the 
scene  by  playing  some  patriotic  airs.  We  soon  fell  back  to  the 
road  and  the  column  again  moved  towards  Jonesborough,  the 
Second  Brigade  having  the  advance.  We  struck  the  enemy  in 
a  short  time  and  attacked  them  at  once,  pushing  them  back 
slowly,  but  steadilly,  all  day.  The  country  was  thickly  wooded 
and  a  very  bad  place  for  cavalry  to  operate.  The  enemy  would 
throw  up  barricades  at  every  favorable  position,  such  as  woods, 
streams  or  ravines,  firing  on  the  advance  from  ambuscades,  the 
progress  of  the  column  was  much  retarded,  and  the  enemy  made 
every  effort  to  keep  our  column  back  from  the  railroad  until  re- 
enforcements  could  be  moved  down  from  Atlanta.  About  noon 
the  advance  halted  and  dismounted  in  a  thick  piece  of  woods  to 
let  the  horses  rest,  and  eat  a  hard-tack  raw  pork  sandwich.  The 
men  were  all  sitting  or  lying  down  when  all  at  once  the  rebels 
fired  a  volley  and  charged  the  advance  guard,  driving  them  back 
on  the  reserve  before  we  could  mount.  Colonel  Long  ordered 
the  First  forward  dismounted  and  on  double-quick.  A  part  of 
the  regiment  was  on  the  right  of  the  road  and  advanced  across 
a  little  field  in  which  there  was  a  melon  patch  and  it  was  amus 
ing  to  see  the  boys  grab  for  the  melons  regardless  of  the  balls 
that  were  knocking  up  the  dust  on  all  sides.  As  it  wn ;«  vory 
hot  and  the  men  were  almost  famished  after  the  long  run,  the 


—177— 

melons  were  very  refreshing  after  the  rebel  rear  guard  was 
routed.  The  rebel  force  was  pushed  back  steadily  until  we 
reached  Flint  River  and  on  the  east  side  of  this  stream  they 
had  thrown  up  works,  dug  rifle-pits  and  had  a  strong  position. 
As  soon  as  our  advance  appeared  a  rebel  battery  opened  up  and 
the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery  was  put  in  position  and 
after  a  lively  artillery  duel  the  rebel  battery  Avas  silenced. 

The  First  and  Second  Brigades  of  the  Second  Division  w^ere 
dismounted  and  advanced  some  distance  in  the  woods  on  the 
w^est  side  of  the  stream  where  we  halted  and  both  of  our  bat 
teries,  with  eight  guns,  were  put  in  position  on  a  hill  in  our  rear 
and  at  a  signal  they  opened  up  by  volleys  for  several  rounds  and 
as  soon  as  the  batteries  ceased  firing  the  two  brigades  rushed 
forward  with  a  yell  and  the  rebel  line  left  their  works  and  rifle- 
pits  and  fell  back  rapidly  towrard  Jonesborough.  When  the 
bridge  was  reached  the  plank  had  been  torn  up  and  there  was 
nothing  left  but  the  stringers  on  which  the  First  and  Third  Ohio 
and  Fourth  Michigan  crossed.  As  we  crossed  Kilpatrick  him 
self  came  up,  and  was  ordering  the  men  to  jump  into  the  stream 
after  the  plank  to  repair  the  bridge.  The  dismounted  men 
moved  forward,  the  First  having  the  right  of  the  line,  and 
reached  Jonesborough  about  sundown.  The  bridge  across  the 
stream  was  soon  repaired  and  the  artillery,  mounted  men  and 
led  horses  were  closed  up  by  the  time  we  reached  the  town.  We 
had  some  skirmishing  in  the  outskirts  of  the  town  and  to  the 
south  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  town  a  strong  force  of  rebel 
cavalry  was  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle  in  plain  view,  and  the 
officers  could  be  seen  dashing  to  and  fro  forming  the  lines.  Our 
lines  were  straightened  up  and  moving  forward,  the  rear  guard 
dismounted,  opened  up  fire  on  our  skirmishes  from  houses  and 
buildings  and  a  brisk  fire  was  kept  up  from  a  brick  church.  A 
section  of  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery  came  dashing 
down  the  street  up  to  the  skirmish  line  unlimbered  and  sent  a 
few  shells  into  the  church,  making  the  bricks  and  mortar  fly, 
and  the  church  was  evacuated  in  short  order.  The  sound  of 
the  guns  and  scream  of  the  shells  was  sweet  music  to  the  ears 
of  the  skirmishers,  and  they  moved  forward  with  a  shout  and 
the  bang!  bang!  of  their  sharp-ringing  carbines  swelled  the 
chorus  as  the  mayor  and  a  few  citizens  appeared  in  the  main 
street  with  a  white  flag  to  surrender  the  town  and  claim  protec 
tion  for  the  citizens.  The  line  advanced  rapidly  through  the 
town,  the  rebels  fell  back  along  the  railroad  and  we  soon  had 
undisputed  possession.  The  shells  from  the  artillery  had  fired 
the  cotton  bales,  used  as  barricades  around  the  railroad  build 
ings,  and  soon  both  cotton  and  buildings  were  blazing  and  the 
water-tank  at  the  station  had  been  shivered  by  a  shell,  our  men 
took  possession  of  the  telegraph  office  and  it  was  reported  that 
an  old  operator  in  our  command  caught  a  dispatch  stating  that 
reinforcements  were  on  the  way  from  Atlanta,  which  was  very 


important  news  to  Kilpatrick.     Jonesborough  is  about  twenty 
five  miles  south  from  Atlanta  and  a  considerable  amount  of 
clothing  and  commissary  stores  were  found,  with  whiskey  and 
other  necessary  munition  of  war.     All  of  these  supplies  that  \ve 
did  not  need  for  immediate  use  were  burned  and  destroyed. 

As  Hood's  whole  army  was  now  between  us  and  Sherman's 
army,  it  was  not  particularly  desirable  for  less  than  five  thou 
sand  cavalrymen  to  remain  in  this  position  very  long,  and  the 
destruction  of  the  railroad,  which  ran  through  the  main  street 
of  the  town,  was  commenced  at  once;  the  ties  were  soon  piled 
up  in  heaps  at  a  distance  from  each  other  of  a  little  less  than 
the  length  of  the  rails,  then  the  rails  were  placed  with  one  end 
on  each  bunch  of  ties,  next  a  pile  of  ties  was  built  up  on  top 
and  at  the  middle  of  the  rails,  and  then  fired.  When  the  rails 
became  hot,  the  weight  of  the  ties  would  bend  the  rails  and 
render  them  useless.  Tearing  up  the  track  and  destroying  the 
rails  and  ties  was  done  principally  by  the  Third  Division,  as 
they  had  not  been  engaged  in  the  fight  wrhen  we  entered  the 
town.  The  Second  Brigade  formed  a  line  of  battle  south  of  the 
town  and  across  the  railroad,  the  First  Brigade  was  formed 
facing  Atlanta,  and  skirmishing  was  kept  up  all  night.  It  was 
a  wild  night  and  a  most  graphic  scene,  the  sky  lit  up  with  burn 
ing  timbers,  buildings  and  cotton  bales,  the  continuous  bang 
of  carbines,  the  galloping  of  staff  officers  and  orderlies  up  and 
down  the  streets,  carrying  orders  or  dispatches,  the  terrified  citi 
zens,  peering  out  of  their  windows,  the  constant  marching  of 
troops  changing  position,  Kilpatrick's  headquarters  band  dis 
coursing  national  airs,  with  the  shouts  of  the  men  —  all  made 
up  a  weird  scene  never  to  be  forgotten  by  the  troopers  who  were 
on  that  raid. 

By  midnight  about  two  miles  of  the  road  had  been  effect 
ually  destroyed,  and  in  attempting  to  move  farther  south  along 
the  road,  a  strong  force  of  infantry  was  found  posted  behind 
barricades,  with  timber  cut  in  front.  This  position  could  not 
have  been  taken  without  a  hard  fight  and  heavy  loss,  and  Kil 
patrick  then  determined  to  withdraw  from  Jonesborough,  make 
a  detour  to  the  east  and  strike  the  road  again  farther  south. 
The  movement  was  commenced  about  two  o'clock  in  the  morn 
ing  of  the  twentieth  by  Kilpatrick's  division  and  Minty's  brigade 
of  the  Second  Division  marching  on  the  McDonough  road  to 
the  east,  and  the  Second  Brigade,  under  Colonel  Long,  remaining 
in  the  barricades  to  hold  the  infantry  in  check.  The  Second 
Brigade  withdrew  just  as  the  first  streaks  of  dawn  began  to 
appear  in  the  east,  and  they  were  followed  up  closely  by  the 
enemy,  both  cavalry  and  infantry,  the  First  Ohio  holding  the 
rear.  After  we  had  marched  about  five  miles,  the  advance  regi 
ments  halted  to  feed  their  horses,  and  the  enemy  made  an  impet 
uous  attack  on  the  First,  and  one  battalion  was  dismounted, 


—179- 

throwing  up  barricades  hurriedly  of  logs  and  rails,  and  prepared 
to  give  the  enemy  a  warm  reception.  They  attacked  the  barri 
cades,  and  as  their  line  was  much  longer,  the  battalion  was 
outflanked  on  both  sides,  and  the  balls  were  soon  whizzing  from 
the  flanks  and,  as  the  Johnnies  would  say,  they  took  us  "end 
ways."  At  this  critical  moment  the  officer  in  command  of  the 
battalion  ran  to  the  rear  in  a  most  disgraceful  manner,  and  the 
line  officers  took  up  the  fight  independent,  held  the  line  against 
the  attack  until  ordered  by  Colonel  Long,  w^ho  had  rode  back 
to  the  rear,  to  fall  back  to  the  new  line  formed  by  the  brigade. 
Colonel  Long  complimented  the  line  officers  of  the  battalion 
very  highly  on  the  tenacity  with  which  they  held  the  enemy, 
among  whom  were  Captain  Kirkendall,  Rea,  Woodlief,  Yeoman, 
Curry  and  others. 

The  brigade  fell  back  slowly  by  alternate  regiments  and 
Vale,  in  his  history  of  Minty's  Cavalry,  says  it  was  one  of  the 
prettiest  cavalry  fights  he  ever  saw,  as  Minty's  brigade  was 
not  engaged,  and  all  they  had  to  do  was  to  look  on  and  enjoy 
the  fun. 

As  soon  as  the  enemy  were  repulsed,  we  were  ordered  to 
the  front  on  the  gallop  three  or  four  miles  toward  Lovejoy  Sta 
tion,  where  we  found  that  Minty's  brigade,  on  striking  the  rail 
road,  had  been  attacked  by  a  heavy  force  of  cavalry  and  Rey 
nold's  division  of  infantry.     The  infantry  line  was  concealed 
in  a  cut,  and  as  the  Seventh  Pennsylvania  and  Fourth  U.  S. 
Cavalry  dismounted,  drove  their  skirmish  line  in  and  w^ere  within 
twenty  or  thirty  rods  of  the  railroad,  the  infantry  line  raised 
up  and  delivered  a  very  destructive  volley,  anl,  rushing  from 
the  cut,  drove  the  line  of  Minty's  brigade  back  in  considerable 
confusion.    Just  at  this  opportune  moment,  the  Second  Brigade 
arrived  on  the  field  with  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery. 
The  brigade  was  dismounted,  formed  a  line  of  battle,  and  by 
this  time  many  of  the  dismounted  men  of  the  First  Brigade  came 
rushing  back  through  our  line  and  it  was  not  safe  to  fire,  as  it 
would  endanger  the  lives  of  our  own  men,  although  the  balls 
from  the  rebel  infantry  wrere  whizzing  on  all  sides.    The  officers 
of  the  Second  Brigade  made  every  effort  to  keep  their  men 
from  firing,  and  when  the  First  Brigade  had  passed  to  the  rear, 
the  rebel  line  was  almost  upon  us,  but  when  our  troops  did 
open  up,  the  rebel  line  was  repulsed  and  driven  back  with  heavy 
slaughter.    The  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery  was  up  on  the 
front  line  and  did  excellent  execution,  and  the  rebel  infantry 
fell  back  into  the  railroad  cut.    During  this  fight  the  lines  were 
so  close  together  that  the  officers  of  the  Second  Brigade  used 
their  revolvers  with  good  execution.     Our  ammunition  in  the 
First  was  exhausted  and  a  detail  was  sent  back  to  the  ammuni 
tion  wagons  and  got  a  supply  in  boxes  and  the  boxes  were  broken 
open  by  stones,  the  cartridges  were  distributed  in  a  few  moments, 


—ISO- 
much  to  the  delight  of  the  troopers.  The  brigade  held  this  line 
for  an  hour,  and  during  this  time  staff  officers  were  busily  en 
gaged  forming  the  led  horses  in  columns  of  fours  facing  the 
rear.  One  of  the  guns  of  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery 
was  disabled  in  a  cornfield  just  to  the  left  of  the  First,  and  it 
was  hauled  to  the  rear  by  some  troopers  of  the  Second  Brigade 
(I  think  of  the  Third  Ohio). 

When  the  Second  Brigade  had  driven  the  rebel  line  back 
and  the  firing  had  about  ceased,  Colonel  Long  was  ordered  to 
withdraw  his  brigade  and  fall  back  to  the  led  horses  a  few 
hundred  yards  in  the  rear.  We  now  began  to  realize  that  we 
were  surrounded,  and  the  chances  began  to  look  desperate,  as 
our  ammunition  had  already  been  pretty  well  exhausted,  and 
we  must  cut  our  way  through  the  lines.  The  distance  between 
the  two  lines  of  the  enemy  could  not  have  been  more  than 
three-fourths  of  a  mile  and  the  situation  was  about  as  follows, 
quoting  from  an  article  written  by  an  officer*  of  the  First  U. 
S.  Cavalry: 

"In  the  rear  of  the  Union  troops  were  two  brigades  of  Cle- 
burne's  infantry,  Ross'  and  Ferguson's  brigades  of  cavalry,  and 
about  a  thousand  state  troops,  which  had  been  sent  up  from 
below  Lovejoy  Station;  closing  in  on  the  right  were  the  remain 
ing  brigades  of  Cleburne's  infantry.  Martin's  and  Jackson's 
divisions  of  cavalry  were  in  rear  of  the  left.  A  brigade  of  in 
fantry  and  six  pieces  of  artillery  had  been  sent  up  from  Macon, 
and  were  at  Lovejoy  Station.  Reynolds'  infantry,  as  before 
stated,  was  along  the  railroad  in  front.  There  were  also  twelve 
pieces  of  artillery  which  had  been  sent  down  from  Atlanta.  It 
thus  seems  that  there  were  surrounding  the  Union  troops  five 
brigades  of  infantry,  eighteen  pieces  of  artillery,  six  brigades  of 
cavalry;  in  all,  a  force  of  twelve  thousand  men  of  the  three  arms. 
As  before  stated,  Kilpatrick  had  the  Second  and  Third  Divisions, 
with  four  pieces  of  artillery;  in  all,  four  thousand  seven  hundred 
and  ninety-eight  cavalrymen  and  seven  guns.  Finding  himself 
completely  surrounded  by  such  an  overwhelming  force,  he  called 
his  division  commanders  together  and  instructed  them  to  cut 
their  way  out,  designating  as  the  point  to  strike  an  old  deserted 
plantation.  We  see  that  up  to  this  point,  although  his  command 
was  composed  exclusively  of  cavalrymen  and  field  artillery,  the 
cavalry  had  been  fighting  almost  entirely  as  infantry;  but  now 
his  troopers  were  to  be  accorded  the  privilege  of  a  cavalry  charge 
in  its  true  sense,  and  their  sabers,  which  had  been  allowed  to 
rust  in  their  scabbards  during  the  expedition,  were  to  be  brought 
into  requisition. 

"Kilpatrick,  a  cavalry  general,  remembering  the  mistakes 
which  had  been  made  on  a  former  expedition  for  the  same  pur 
pose,  instead  of  scattering  his  troops,  massed  them." 

*I,ieutenant  W.  S.  Scott. 


—181— 

The  Second  Division  formed  on  the  right  of  the  road  and 
the  Third  Division  on  the  left  of  the  road,  facing  toward  McDon- 
ough,  while  the  artillery,  ambulances  filled  with  wounded,  and 
ammunition  wagons  were  formed  in  the  road,  with  orders  to 
follow  up  the  charging  columns  as  closely  as  possible.  The 
troops  w^ere  all  formed  in  columns  with  the  proper  intervals, 
as  it  was  thought  best  to  strike  the  rebel  line  and  pierce  it  in 
several  places  rather  than  charge  in  line,  as  it  was  a  long  distance 
to  charge,  and  in  some  places  the  ground  was  cut  up  by  ditches 
and  wash-outs,  with  two  or  three  fences  between  our  forces 
and  the  rebel  lines.  During  the  time  the  troops  were  forming, 
the  surgeons  and  ambulance  corps  were  busy  gathering  up  the 
wounded  and  caring  for  them  as  best  they  could. 

The  rebels  had  formed  two  or  three  lines  with  infantry 
behind  barricades  of  fence  rails  and  logs,  as  it  seems  they  had 
anticipated  a  charge,  and  they  were  not  disappointed  in  their 
expectations.  When  our  troops  were  forming,  two  batteries 
opened  up  on  our  lines  from  the  front  and  the  infantry  was  clos 
ing  up  from  our  now  rear  from  the  railroad.  When  all  was 
ready  every  eye  was  turned  intently  toward  the  line  of  the  bar 
ricades  in  front,  from  whence  shells  were  now  coming  thick  and 
fast,  and  through  this  line  and  over  these  barricades  we  must 
cut  our  way  out  or  surrender  and  perhaps  starve  in  Anderson- 
ville!  Draw  saber!  and  forty-five  hundred  sabers  ring  out  as 
they  are  drawn  from  their  scabbards,  the  reins  are  tightened, 
the  horses  are  excited,  with  nostrils  extended  as  if  they  "snuffed 
the  battle  afar  off.7' 

It  was  a  glorious  sight,  with  horses  stamping,  and  champ 
ing  the  bits  as  if  eager  for  the  fray,  standards  and  guidons 
flung  to  the  breeze,  with  the  dashing  here  and  there  of  staff 
officers  carrying  orders,  the  serious  faces  of  the  commanders, 
the  stern,  quick  commands  of  the  officers  as  the  squadrons  are 
forming.  Many  of  the  boys  who  witnessed  and  participated  in 
that  wild  charge,  but  whose  hair  is  now  silvered  with  gray, 
can  feel  the  flush  of  youth  again  mount  to  their  cheeks  and  the 
blood  course  more  rapidly  through  their  veins  as  they  go  back 
in  memory  to  the  day  we  charged  with  Kilpatrick,  August  20, 
1864! 

The  command  "Forward!"  is  given,  the  bugles  rang  out 
"Trot!"  "Gallop!"  "Charge!"  in  quick  succession  and  the  columns 
swept  forward  under  the  spur  with  a  yell,  scaling  fences,  jump 
ing  ditches  in  that  wild  and  reckless  charge,  the  shells  from 
the  batteries  were  sweeping  the  lines,  while  troopers  and  horses 
were  falling  on  every  side.  The  First  Brigade  struck  the  rebel 
line  at  and  just  to  the  right  of  the  road,  and  Long's  brigade 
struck  farther  to  the  right,  and  Captain  W.  H.  Scott,  of  the 
First  Ohio,  fell  mortally  wounded  in  front  of  one  of  the  guns 
of  a  rebel  battery.  When  our  columns  struck  the  barricades, 


—182— 

the  rebels  retreated  in  great  confusion,  but  a  Lieutenant,  com 
manding  a  section  of  artillery,  who  gave  his  name  as  Young, 
was  mortally  wounded  just  in  front  of  where  Captain  Scott  fell, 
as  he  was  attempting  to  fire  one  of  his  pieces  after  all  of  his 
men  had  deserted  their  posts,  and  all  regretted  that  the  life  of 
this  young  and  brave  officer,  who  fell  at  his  post  of  duty,  could 
not  have  been  spared.  Both  brigades  urged  their  horses  over 
the  barricades,  cutting  right  and  left.  Many  of  the  prisoners 
had  saber  cuts  on  their  hands,  arms  and  heads,  and  it  is  esti 
mated  that  from  six  to  eight  hundred  prisoners  were  sabered. 
Infantry,  cavalry,  led  horses  and  artillery  were  fleeing  in  con 
fusion,  and  at  one  time  we  had  at  least  one  thousand  prisoners, 
but  they  nearly  all  escaped  in  our  rapid  march  that  dark  night. 
A  three-gun  battery  was  captured,  with  horses,  and  many  horses 
belonging  to  the  cavalry,  who  were  dismounted  and  in  the  bar 
ricades,  were  captured. 

A  dispatch  from  Atlanta  sent  to  the  Memphis  Appeal  and 
published  a  few  days  after  the  fight  is  herewith  published: 

"The  newspapers  have  lately  been  full  of  accounts  of  how 
Martin's  division  of  cavalry  was  run  over  by  the  Yankees  at 
Lovejoy  on  the  twentieth  ultimo.  The  writer  was  on  the  field 
on  that  occasion  and  in  justice  to  the  much  abused  cavalry  states 
the  facts  in  the  matter:  Martin's  division,  supporting  the  bat 
tery,  was  formed  on  the  McDonough  road.  Ross'  and  Fergu 
son's  commands  on  foot  were  in  front  and  on  each  side  of  the 
battery,  behind  rail  breastworks.  A  brigade  of  Cleburne's  in 
fantry  was  on  the  left  of  the  road  in  three  lines,  the  last  one 
in  a  piece  of  woods.  About  one  hundred  yards  in  rear  of  the 
position  of  the  battery,  on  the  right  of  the  road  (east  side)  the 
state  troops  were  formed  in  line.  When  the  Yankees  charged 
they  came  in  a  solid  column,  ten  or  twelve  lines  deep,  running 
their  horses  and  yelling  like  devils.  They  didn't  stop  to  fight 
or  attempt  to  keep  any  kind  of  order  or  formation,  but  each 
fellow  for  himself  rushed  on  swinging  his  saber  over  his  head. 
They  rode  right  over  Ross'  and  Ferguson's  men  in  the  center, 
and  over  and  through  Cleburne's  lines  one  after  another  on  the 
left.  Cleburne's  first  line,  they  say,  tried  to  use  their  bayonets, 
but  the  Yankees  cut  them  to  pieces.  After  the  Yankees  had 
cut  through  all  the  other  forces  and  captured  the  battery,  Mar 
tin,  seeing  the  field  was  lost,  retreated  in  good  order  to  the  east 
and  joined  Cleburne's  main  body,  and  aided  in  the  final  defeat  of 
the  enemy  on  the  McDonough  road  that  evening,  and  pursued 
them  to  and  through  McDonough  that  night,  recapturing  nearly 
five  hundred  of  our  men  which  they  took  in  the  charge.  The 
effort  to  arouse  the  people  against  Martin  and  his  brave  divi 
sion  is  more  disgraceful  and  demoralizing  than  the  Yankees' 
charge  itself^  and  should  be  frowned  upon  by  all  who  wTish  well 
to  our  cause." 


—183— 

After  this  long  charge  over  broken  ground,  ditches,  fences 
and  woods,  the  regiments  and  brigades  were  considerably  broken 
up,  as  many  horses  had  been  shot,  troopers  wounded  or  killed, 
and  some  horses  falling  in  a  ditch  that  we  crossed  wrere  with 
great  difficulty  extricated,  so  that  many  of  the  men  were  dis 
mounted.  Before  the  Second  Brigade  could  get  in  position,  as 
Colonel  Long  had  been  ordered  to  cover  the  retreat,  the  First 
Brigade  and  the  Third  Division  having  moved  out  on  the  McDon- 
ough  road,  Long's  brigade  was  furiously  attacked  by  Pat  Cle- 
burne's  division  of  infantry  and  a  battery  of  artillery,  and  this 
fight  lasted  about  one  hour,  with  a  part  of  the  brigade  dis 
mounted.  In  this  assault  Colonel  Long  was  severely  wounded, 
but  rode  his  horse  to  the  rear,  being  supported  on  either  side 
by  two  mounted  orderlies  from  his  escort.  The  First  was  form 
ing  on  some  high  ground  just  as  Colonel  Long  rode  to  the  rear, 
pale  and  bleeding,  and  as  he  passed  by  the  regiment  he  smiled 
and  bowed  and  was  given  a  rousing  cheer  by  the  boys.  The 
Third  Ohio  was  still  fighting  dismounted  and  the  brigade  was 
falling  back  by  alternate  regiments,  and  just  at  this  moment 
the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery  came  galloping  back, 
dashed  through  a  gate  and  into  the  dooryard  of  a  plantation 
house  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  road  from  where  the  First 
were  forming.  On  the  long  porch  in  front  of  this  house  there 
were  twelve  or  fifteen  women  and  children  all  running  back 
and  forth  screaming,  and  the  women  wringing  their  hands,  while 
some  were  crying,  others  were  praying. 

The  battery  opened  up  at  once,  and  the  rebel  battery  in  our 
rear  soon  got  range  and  sent  the  shells  thick  and  fast,  and  at 
least  one  of  which  struck  the  roof  of  the  house,  thus  adding 
to  the  terror  of  the  women  and  children.  While  our  battery 
was  firing  rapidly  one  of  the  guns  burst,  seriously  wounding 
two  of  the  gunners.  There  wras  not  a  grim  veteran  of  our  com 
mand  whose  heart  was  so  hardened  by  the  every  day  scenes  of 
carnage  that  it  did  not  go  out  in  sympathy  for  those  mothers 
with  their  children,  and  who  would  not  have  freely  risked  his 
own  life  to  have  saved  them,  but  no  aid  could  be  rendered  those 
helpless  ones,  as  no  soldier  could  be  spared  from  his  post  of  duty. 
The  enemy  were  crowding  the  rear  guard  and  making  a  des 
perate  effort  by  shot  and  shell  to  create  a  panic  and  stampede 
in  our  brigade.  Never  were  the  words  of  General  Sherman  more 
truthfully  demonstrated,  that  "War  is  cruelty  and  you  cannot 
refine  it,"  than  by  this  incident.  Lieutenant  Bennett,  who  com 
manded  the  section  of  the  battery  in  this  fight,  informed  the 
writer  the  next  day  that  all  of  the  women  and  children  escaped 
injury,  which  he  considered  almost  a  miracle  under  the  circum 
stances,  as  the  shells  tore  up  the  ground  on  all  sides  of  the  house^ 
Bennett  added  that  he  did  not  care  to  have  another  such  experi 
ence,  as  he  expected  every  moment  that  a  shell  from  the  rebel 


—184— 

battery  would  burst  on  the  porch  or  in  the  house,  mangling  or 
killing  both  women  and  children.  The  bursting  of  the  gun  near 
this  house  has  a  sequel  in  which  every  soldier  of  the  command 
will  be  interested.  In  the  charge  near  Love  joy  Station  the  horse 
of  A.  A.  Hill,  of  Company  K,  was  killed,  and,  in  falling,  HilPs 
leg  was  caught  under  his  body.  After  he  was  extricated  from 
this  dangerous  position,  stunned  and  dazed,  instead  of  throwing 
up  his  hands  and  surrendering,  he  followed  up  the  charging 
column  on  foot,  throwing"  his  saber  down,  but  clinging  to  his 
carbine  and  cartridge  box.  The  ground  was  soft  and  in  some 
places  muddy,  and  he  next  discarded  his  cavalry  boots,  and  as 
he  had  lost  his  hat  in  the  charge,  he  was  now  in  light  marching 
order.  When  the  regiment  was  forming  after  the  charge  Hill 
was  counted  missing,  George  Pearl  killed  and  William  Hiser 
seriously  wounded,  all  of  of  Company  K.  But  about  the  time 
the  company  was  all  accounted  for,  Hill  came  up  on  the  left 
of  the  company  a  little  blown,  but  ready  for  duty,  captured 
one  of  the  horses  of  a  rebel  battery,  and  was  in  line  before  the 
company  was  ready  to  move. 

In  Setember,  1890,  Hill  visited  the  battlefields  around  Chat 
tanooga  and  Atlanta  and  also  Joiiesboro  and  Lovejoy  Station. 
He  passed  over  the  ground  where  the  brigade  made  the  charge, 
and  with  the  assistance  of  a  prominent  official  of  Jonesboro. 
located  the  house  on  the  McDonough  road  where  the  gun  of  the 
battery  burst.  An  old  gentleman  by  the  name  of  Foster,  about 
seventy-five  years  of  age,  was  living  in  the  house,  and  he  had 
still  retained  a  piece  of  the  gun,  weighing  about  forty  pounds, 
which  he  presented  to  Mr.  Hill.  He  brought  it  home,  had  it 
photographed  with  his  saber,  and  the  picture  is  herewith  pub 
lished.  After  Colonel  Long  was  wounded,  the  command  of  the 
brigade  devolved  on  Colonel  Eggleston  of  the  First,  and  after 
the  brigade  fell  back  from  the  position  occupied  on  the  high 
ground  at  the  plantation  house,  above  referred  to,  the  rebels  fol 
lowed  up  and  we  had  some  skirmishing  during  the  afternoon, 
but  the  rebels  seemed  to  have  had  all  the  fight  they  wanted,  and 
they  did  not  press  the  rear  guard.  The  command  was  soon 
mounted  and  moving  out  on  the  McDonough  road  before  night. 
Both  men  and  horses  were  tired  out  and  exhausted,  and  after 
the  excitement  of  two  days  and  nights  of  almost  continuous 
fighting,  there  was  a  complete  collapse  when  the  firing  ceased, 
and  the  men  had  lost  so  much  sleep  that  they  seemed  perfectly 
indifferent  to  all  surroundings. 

We  marched  on  all  night,  but  it  was  utterly  impossible  to 
march  in  any  kind  of  order  or  to  keep  out  an  advance  guard,  as 
men  and  officers  would  go  to  sleep.  In  some  instances  the 
horses  would  halt  along  the  road  in  fence  corners  and  the  riders 
would  either  unconsciously  dismount  or  fall  off  and  sleep  until 
dragged  out  by  the  rear  guard  and  compelled  to  mount  and 


—185— 

move  on  with  the  column.  Many  of  them  lost  their  hats,  and 
no  doubt  others  were  taken  prisoners  by  the  enemy,  and  the 
column  moved  on  silently,  horses  exhausted,  half  of  the  men  and 
officers  asleep,  and  the  night  as  dark  as  pitch.  About  two  or 
three  o'clock  in  the  morning  on  the  twenty-first,  the  column 
halted,  and  at  the  point  where  the  second  brigade  halted  there 
was  thick  woods.  We  were  ordered  to  unsaddle,  as  we  had  not 
unsaddled  since  leaving  Sandtown  on  the  evening  of  the  eigh 
teenth,  and  as  soon  as  the  saddles  were  removed  the  men  tum 
bled  down  among  the  trees  on  the  wet  ground  at  their  horses' 
heads  and  were  soon  sound  asleep.  We  halted  there  until  about 
six  o'clock,  about  three  hours,  and  then  saddled,  moving  on 
about  half  a  mile  we  found  ourselves  on  the  banks  of  a  stream 
called  Cotton  Indian  Creek  at  high  flood,  the  banks  full  to  over 
flowing  and  no  bridge.  We  had  to  swim  our  horses  across  this 
stream,  and  as  the  banks  were  steep  there  w^as  a  deep  cut  on 
either  side  of  the  stream,  leading  to  the  ford,  and  it  was  not 
possible  to  get  up  the  bank  only  at  one  point,  so  that  the  process 
of  crossing  the  stream  w^as  tedious.  Picket  ropes  were  stretched 
across  the  stream  and  General  Kilpatrick  and  his  division  and 
brigade  commanders  were  on  the  bank  superintending  the  cross 
ing.  Men,  horses  and  mules  were  floundering  around  in  the 
stream,  and  as  it  was  no  doubt  the  first  attempt  of  some  of  the 
horses  to  swim,  and  in  some  instances  the  men  would  get  fright 
ened,  pull  on  the  reins,  and  as  a  result  many  of  the  riders  were 
unhorsed,  and  they  were  saved  by  the  ropes.  A  number  of  sol 
diers  were  drowned  and  at  least  one  of  the  First,  Emanuel  Jones 
of  Company  K.  His  horse  had  been  killed  in  the  charge  the 
day  before  and  he  was  mounted  on  a  small  mule  which  became 
unmanageable,  and  he  was  thrown  from  its  back  and  his  saber 
and  carbine  carried  him  down  in  a  moment.  Forty  or  fifty 
horses  and  a  number  of  mules  were  lost,  and  the  dismounted  gun 
hauled  in  an  ammunition  wagon  was  abandoned,  but  the  am 
bulances,  carrying  nearly  one  hundred  wounded,  were  all  safely 
crossed.  Having  crossed  this  stream  we  were  not  ag'ain 
troubled  by  the  enemy ;  they  did  not  follow  us  up,  as  they  were 
in  no  better  condition  for  fighting  than  our  own  forces.  Guns 
and  ammunition  were  soaked  with  water,  as  every  man  in  the 
command  was  wet  above  the  waist  after  fording  the  creek. 
After  wre  had  marched  a  short  distance  the  sun  came  out  and 
the  command  halted  to  pour  the  water  out  of  their  boots,  and 
it  was  very  amusing  to  see  three  or  four  thousand  troopers  en 
gaged  in  this  work  "for  a  few  minutes.  The  command  marched 
on  all  day  and  about  dark  reached  Lithonia  on  the  Augusta 
railroad,  and  went  into  bivouac  for  the  night,  rejoicing  to  have 
the  opportunity  for  a  much-needed  rest,  as  we  had  now  been 
out  three  days  and  nights,  had  only  unsaddled  once  and  had  not 
had  more  than  two  hours  sleep,  excepting  what  we  had  snatched 


—186— 

in  the  saddle.  The  next  day  the  command  marched  through 
Lattimer  and  Decatur  and  reached  our  old  camp  at  Buckhead 
about  sundown  of  the  twenty-second,  having  marched  comp 
letely  around  Hood's  army  in  five  days.  During  that  time  we 
destroyed  three  miles  of  railroad  track,  two  locomotives  and  a 
large  number  of  cars,  with  a  number  of  railroad  buildings,  and 
ware-houses  with  supplies.  The  loss  in  the  division  was  two 
hundred  and  sixteen  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  about  equally 
distributed  between  the  two  brigades,  but  one  authority  gives 
the  losses  in  Longs'  brigade  at  ten  per  cent.,  which  would  make 
the  loss  in  that  brigade  about  one  hundred  and  thirty-eight. 
The  enemy's  loss  was  severe,  but  of  course  could  not  be  ascer 
tained  definitely,  yet  it  was  no  doubt  equal  to  ours.  While  at 
one  time  we  had  several  hundred  prisoners  it  was  not  possible 
to  keep  them  with  such  rapid  marching,  and  less  than  one  hun 
dred  were  turned  over  by  the  Provost  officer  on  reaching  our 
lines,  many  of  whom  had  saber  wounds.  We  also  captured  a 
three  gun  battery  and  three  battle-flags.  This  was  without 
doubt  the  five  hardest  days  and  nights  consecutive  service  per 
formed  by  the  regiment  during  the  war.  The  evening  we 
reached  Buckhead  we  received  the  news  that  Colonel  Long  had 
been  promoted  to  a  brigadier-general  and  the  troopers  of  the 
brigade  gave  vent  to  their  enthusiasm  by  many  rousing  cheers. 

The  greatest  loss  to  the  First  on  that  raid  was  Captain  Wil 
liam  H.  Scott,  the  brave  and  gallant  Irish  boy  who  fell  in  front 
of  the  enemy's  batteries,  shouting,  "Take  the  guns."  No  braver 
soldier  nor  truer  patriot  everd  drew  his  sword  in  defence  of  the 
flag,  and  he  was  "mourned  as  the  brave  mourn  for  the  brave." 

A  few  years  ago,  December,  1890,  General  Long  wrote  a 
letter  correcting  some  glaring  errors  in  an  article  written  by 
a  cavalry  officer,  and  purporting  to  be  a  history  of  the  Kilpatrick 
Eaid.  This  article  charged  that  General  Long  had  disobeyed 
orders,  when  the  facts  are,  first,  General  Long  never  received 
the  order  as  stated,  and  second,  the  officer  who  claimed  to  have 
sent  the  order  did  not  have  any  authority  to  give  orders  to 
Long,  as  General  Kilpatrick  was  in  command.  I  herewith  copy 
a  few  extracts  from  General  Long's  letter,  as  follows: 

"The  expression,  Second  Division,  is  used  more  than  once 
in  the  article.  Properly  speaking,  there  wras  no  such  thing  in 
the  command.  There  were  two  brigades  of  that,  the  Second  Divi 
sion,  with  the  expedition,  and  the  circumstances  wrould  have 
had  to  be  peculiar,  while  General  Kilpatrick  was  present,  to 
have  authorized  or  warranted  the  commander  of  one  of  these 
brigades  to  give  an  order  to  the  other;  it  was  not  done.  I  have 
no  recollection  of  said  orders  being  received  by  me,  and  of  course, 
of  any  disobedience  on  my  part  or  that  of  my  command,  and 
therefore  deny  the  statement  'in  toto.'  To  disobey  an  order  is 
something  I  am  not  conscious  of  having  done  during  the  war." 


<0 

£ 


—187— 

"If  there  was  any  confusion  or  disobedience  on  the  part  of 
the  Second  Brigade  or  its  commander,  it  is  somewhat  singular 
that  something  should  not  have  been  done  or  said  about  it  at 
or  about  the  time  it  occurred,  and  that  it  should  be  discovered 
and  commented  upon  only  some  twenty-six  years  afterward. 
As  to  confusion,  considering  the  time,  circumstances  and  oppor 
tunities,  I  had  a  good,  well-drilled  brigade,  and  during  this 
retreat,  fought  it  when  the  nature  of  the  ground  would  permit, 
as  I  have  never  seen  done  before  or  since,  by  bugle  commands 
or  signals,  retiring  alternately  one  and  then  another  portion 
of  the  line,  and  to  me,  and  to  probably  most  of  the  men  of  the 
brigade,  who  have  seen  or  heard  of  it,  it  is  humiliating  to  have 
a  charge  or  accusation  of  this  character  brought  against  it  at 
this  late  day." 

The  following  letters  from  General  Sherman  and  General 
Thomas,  recommending  Colonel  Long  for  promotion  to  Brigadier- 
General,  shows  in  what  high  esteem  he  was  held  by  those  two 
great  commanders,  and  his  commission  as  Brigadier-General  was 
signed  and  forwarded  by  the  Secretary  of  War  the  very  day 
we  started  on  the  Kilpatrick  Raid. 

Headquarters  Military  Division  of  the  Mississippi, 
In  the  Field,  near  Atlanta,  Ga.,  August  16,  1864. 
Hon.  E.  M.  Stanton,  Secretary  of  War,  Washington,  D.  C. : 

I  need  a  good  cavalry  brigadier  very  much,  and  recommend 
Colonel  Eli  Long,  Fourth  Ohio  Cavalry,  now  here,  and  who  mer 
ited  promotion  for  good  service  the  time  I  went  to  Knoxville. 
He  is  a  junior  Colonel  now,  and  the  cavalry  is  not  commanded 
to  my  satisfaction. 

W.  T.  SHERMAN, 
Major-General,  Commanding. 

Headquarters  Department  of  the  Cumberland, 

August  16,  1864. 

Major-General  Sherman,  Commanding  Military  Division  of  the 
Mississippi: 

General:  I  do  not  know  how  to  overcome  the  difficulty  of 
finding  a  commander  for  the  division  now  commanded  by  Gar- 
rard,  unless  you  could  have  Colonel  Long  promoted.  I  regard 
Long  as  a  very  efficient  officer,  who,  by  his  services  during  this 
war,  has  dearly  earned  his  promotion,  not  only  for  gallantry, 
but  on  account  of  his  administrative  ability  and  experience. 

GEO.  H.  THOMAS, 

Major-General  U.  S.  Vol.,  Commanding. 


—188— 

Washington,  August  18,  1864. 

Major-General  Sherman: 

The  appointment  of  Colonel  Long  as  Brigadier  has  been 
made,  and  will  be  forwarded  to  you  by  mail  immediately. 

E.  M.  STANTON, 

Secretary  of  War. 

No  newspaper  writer  can  add  to  the  fame  of  the  command 
to  which  he  belonged  by  giving  them  high  sounding  names  after 
the  war,  such  as  "Fighting  Brigade,"  "Saber  Brigade/7  "Light 
ning  Brigade,"  "Bayonet  Brigade,"  etc. ;  neither  can  he  detract 
from  the  fair  fame  of  such  a  brilliant  officer  as  General  Eli 
Long,  who  won  his  stars  at  the  front,  was  severly  wounded  at 
least  a  half  dozen  times,  by  any  carping  criticism,  born  of  jeal 
ousy  during  the  war.  After  the  battle  of  Stone's  Kiver  the  First 
Ohio  was  frequently  called  the  "Charging  First,"  for  the  reason 
that  during  that  battle,  in  a  charge  made  by  the  regiment,  the 
Colonel,  Major  and  a  Lieutenant  were  killed  and  the  Adjutant 
was  severely  wounded,  and  the  regiment  fairly  won  some  dis 
tinction  on  that  account.  But  they  did  not  parade  the  regi 
ment  in  the  newspapers  as  the  "Charging  First,"  for  it  was  con 
sidered  in  bad  taste,  and  is  so  considered  now  by  good  soldiers. 

We  remained  in  camp  at  Buckhead  until  the  twenty-fifth 
of  August,  and  when  Sherman's  army  commenced  the  great  flank 
movement  to  the  right,  the  brigade  moved  down  the  Chatta- 
hoochie  to  Sandtown,  and  encamped  there  on  the  twenty-sixth. 
The  next  morning  we  moved  to  the  front  and  took  position  on 
the  left  of  the  Twenty-third  Army  Corps  and  extreme  left  of  our 
army.  We  continued  to  advance  on  the  left  and  had  more  or 
less  skirmishing  every  day  up  to  the  second  of  September.  At 
lanta  was  evacuated  on  the  night  of  the  first,  and  General  Slocum 
marched  into  the  city  with  the  Twentieth  Army  Corps  on  the 
morning  of  the  second.  From  the  second  up  to  the  eighth  the 
brigade  watched  the  left  flank  of  the  army  as  it  retired  to  Atlanta 
and  on  the  fourth  the  regiment  made  a  reconnoissance  to  the  east 
on  Cotton  Indian  Creek  near  Flat  Eock  Shoals,  took  a  number 
of  prisoners  and  learned  that  there  was  a  heavy  cavalry  force  of 
the  enemy  at  McDonough.  Marched  to  Cross  Keys  on  the  tenth, 
across  roads  about  fifteen  miles  northeast  of  Atlanta,  and  went 
into  camp.  We  remained  in  camp  near  Cross  Keys  through  the 
month  of  September,  doing  picket  duty,  scouting  and  recruiting 
up  our  horses,  as  the  hard  summer's  campaign,  with  scarcity 
of  forage,  had  cut  the  horses  down  in  flesh  and  rendered  many 
of  them  unfit  for  service.  During  the  month  there  were  some 
changes  in  the  regiment,  as  the  non-veterans  started  for  home 
to  be  mustered  out  on  the  twenty-first.  Captain  Erwin  and 
Captain  WToodlief  resigned  September  30,  and  some  of  the  officers 


—189— 

got  leave  of  absence.  Lieutenant  Curry  was  detailed  as  Quar 
termaster  September  12,  so  that  our  numbers  were  not  only 
materially  reduced,  but  there  were  a  number  of  changes  in  com 
pany  commanders.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Pattin  was  still  in  com 
mand  of  the  regiment,  and  Colonel  Eggleston  in  command  of 
the  brigade.  We  left  our  camp  at  Cross  Keys  on  the  second  of 
October,  crossed  the  Chattahoochie  on  a  pontoon,  as  the  floods 
had  swrept  all  the  bridges  off,  and  the  pontoon  was  thrown  across 
for/ the  Twenty-third.  A.  C.  Hood  wras  making  his  flank  move 
ment  by  the  right  of  our  army  and  had  already  struck  the  rail 
road  in  our  rear,  and  the  day  we  arrived  at  Marietta,  the  fifth, 
the  battle  of  Alatoona  was  fought.  General  French's  division 
of  the  rebel  army  attacked  a  brigade  at  Alatoona  Pass,  com 
manded  by  General  Corse,  and  wras  repulsed  with  heavy  loss. 

On  the  day  of  the  fight  at  Alatoona  the  regiment  bivouacked 
at  the  foot  of  Kenesaw  Mountain  and  the  writer,  in  company 
with  two  or  three  other  officers  of  the  regiment,  rode  to  the 
summit  of  the  mountain.  General  Sherman,  with  some  mem 
bers  of  his  staff,  was  on  top  of  the  mountain  wTith  the  signal 
corps.  We  could  plainly  hear  the  roar  of  the  guns  at  Alatoona, 
fifteen  miles  away,  where  the  battle  was  raging,  and  the  smoke 
could  be  plainly  seen  with  a  field  glass,  and  under  the  eye  of 
General  Sherman,  who  w^as  very  restless  and  nervous,  the  signal 
officer  was  busily  signaling  and  finally  caught  the  signal  that 
General  Corse  was  in  command. .  Then  General  Sherman  sent 
the  dispatch,  "Hold  the  fort,  for  I  am  coming,"  which  furnished 
the  theme  for  the  Sabbath  School  song,  sung  by  every  child  in 
our  land,  "Hold  the  Fort." 

The  division  moved  toward  Newr  Hope  Church  on  the  left 
flank  of  the  army,  now  faced  toward  Chattanooga,  and  during 
this  retrograde  movement  and  until  Hood's  army  was  out  of 
our  reach  and  marched  toward  Northern  Alabama,  we  were 
continuously  skirmishing  with  both  cavalry  and  infantry  and 
had  some  sharp  fights.  On  the  seventh  the  division  had  a  fight 
at  New  Hope  Church  with  Armstrong's  division  of  cavalry  and 
drove  him  back  some  distance  and  almost  to  Dallas.  On  the 
twelfth  the  division,  having  crossed  the  river  at  Rome,  attacked 
Armstrong's  division  and  drove  them  back  toward  Cedar  Bluff 
about  four  miles,  with  considerable  loss  to  the  enemy.  The  divi 
sion  then  fell  back  toward  Rome  and  bivouacked  for  the  night. 
On  the  morning  of  the  thirteenth  the  enemy's  scouts  appeared 
on  the  hills  just  east  of  Rome  and  in  plain  view,  and  the  division 
crossing  the  Ostenaula  River  moved  to  the  attack  at  once  with 
the  Second  Brigade  in  advance  and  the  First  Ohio,  dismounted, 
as  skirmishers.  The  enemy  was  rapidly  driven  back,  but  soon 
opened  up  with  artillery.  This  did  not  check  our  line,  the  boys 
moved  forward  with  great  enthusiasm,  as  their  blood  was  up 
and  they  were  anxious  for  the  fray.  They  swept  everything 


—190— 

before  them  with  a  whirl,  capturing  two  pieces  of  artillery, 
one  battle  flag  of  a  Texas  regiment,  about  one  hundred  pris 
oners,  and  the  enemy  was  soon  routed  and  in  full  retreat.  Gen 
eral  Garrard's  report  of  this  fight  is  herewith  attached  and  gives 
a  good  account  of  the  engagement. 

Extract  from  report  of  Brigadier-General  Garrard,  Xash- 
ville,  Tenn.,  11,  16,  '64: 

(Volume  39,  Part  I,  Page  727.) 

On  the  thirteenth  the  enemy's  cavalry  appeared  on  the  hills 
west  of  Rome.  The  division  crossed  the  Etowah  and  then  the 
Ostenaula,  and  drove  the  enemy  away  and  five  miles  down  the 
road  toward  Coosaville.  On  the  thirteenth  received  orders  to 
find  out  if  the  enemy  had  taken  up  his  pontoon  bridge,  and  if 
so,  on  which  side  of  the  river.  The  Twenty-third  Corps  was 
ordered  to  support  me.  After  advancing  some  four  miles  struck 
the  enemy.  The  First  Ohio  was  dismounted  as  skirmishers,  and 
the  Third  Ohio  was  sent  out  on  the  flanks  mounted,  and  the 
Third  Brigade,  Miller's,  was  at  once  dismounted  and  brought 
up  in  line,  two  regiments  on  each  side  of  the  road. 

The  enemy,  after  a  little  skirmishing,  fell  back,  but  our 
advance  continued.  Soon  after  the  enemy  opened  artillery.  We 
were  moving  through  the  woods,  and  could  not  see  his  position, 
but  continued  to  advance,  the  Third  Brigade  and  First  Ohio  in 
line  on  both  sides  of  the  road  dismounted,  the  First  Brigade 
mounted  in  column  of  fours  in  the  road,  the  head  of  column  on 
line  with  the  dismounted  men  and  two  companies  of  the  Third 
Ohio  mounted  on  each  flank.  When  within  long  rifle  range 
of  their  position,  the  woods  ended,  and  large  open  corn-fields 
lay  between  us  and  the  enemy,  who  had  formed  line  beyond  a 
creek  on  a  ridge  in  the  edge  of  some  timber.  Just  as  the  line 
was  about  to  emerge  from  the  woods,  the  charge  was  ordered. 
The  enemy  stood  firing  his  artillery  up  to  the  last  moment,  and 
the  cannoneers  used  their  pistols  in  defense  of  their  pieces.  The 
artillery,  two  pieces,  was  captured  just  as  it  was  limbered  up. 
The  enemy  was  routed  and  pursued  on  several  different  roads. 
Their  killed,  wounded  and  captured,  which  fell  into  our  hands, 
was  over  seventy,  but  every  pursuing  party  reported  large  num 
bers  left  wounded  and  killed  on  the  roads  and  in  the  woods. 
The  main  body  was  pursued  on  the  Coosaville  road  fourteen  miles 
below  Rome,  and  full  and  complete  information  was  gained  in 
regard  to  the  pontoon  bridge.  The  rebel  cavalry  was  Allen's 
division  of  Wheeler's  corps.  One  of  the  brigades  was  the  Texas 
brigade.  A  set  of  colors  of  one  of  the  Texas  regiments  was  cap 
tured.  The  loss  on  our  side  was  fourteen  killed  and  wounded, 
and  between  thirty  and  forty  horses.  The  enemy  was  completely 
routed,  and  I  learned  afterward  it  was  more  than  three  days 
before  this  rebel  division  of  cavalry  could  be  collected  together. 


—191— 

On  the  seventeenth  we  marched  through  Snake  Creek 
Gap,  which  was  blockaded  by  large  trees  cut  by  the 
enemy,  and  our  march  was  very  slow  and  tedious.  Marched 
down  Broomtown  Valley  through  Villanow  and  to  Sub- 
lignia  at  the  head  of  Dirtown  Valley,  arriving  about 
midnight.  On  the  nineteenth  we  marched  down  Dirtown 
Valley  and  through  the  pass  of  Taylor's  Ridge,  passed  down 
South  Carolina  Valley,  and  on  the  evening  of  the  eighteenth 
camped  at  Chattanooga  Creek.  The  division  was  on  the  march 
continuously,  watching  the  enemy  and  attacking  his  flanks  and 
rear  guard  almost  every  day.  On  the  twentieth  the  division 
crossed  Little  Eiver  and  had  some  skirmishing  and  followed 
the  enemy's  rear  guard,  Wheeler's  cavalry,  until  dark.  In  this 
fight  the  ammunition  of  the  First  was  about  all  exhausted,  and 
as  the  ammunition  wagons  did  not  have  cartridges  of  the  right 
caliber,  the  regiment  was  detailed  for  courier  duty  at  General 
Sherman's  headquarters  through  Gaylesville  to  Rome.  The 
headquarters  of  the  regiment  was  at  Coosaville  until  the  thir 
tieth,  and  that  day  we  marched  to  Rome,  and  Sherman's  whole 
army  was  moving  back  toward  Atlanta,  leaving  Hood  to  be 
taken  care  of  by  General  Thomas. 


Atlanta  Campaign. 


Summer  of  1864.     Battles  and  Losses. 

The  summer  of  1864  was  the  great  battle  summer  of  the 
war.  While  Grant  was  battling  his  way  through  the  "Wilder 
ness,"  Sherman  was  driving  the  Confederate  army,  commanded 
by  General  Joe  Johnston,  steadily  through  the  mountain  passes 
of  Northern  Georgia.  The  campaign  is  generally  called  the 
"One  hundred  days  under  fire  from  Chattanooga  to  Atlanta," 
but  the  facts  are  that  the  campaign  opened  May  5  and  closed 
with  the  taking  of  Atlanta,  September  1,  about  one  hundred 
and  twenty  days.  It  is  literally  true  that  from  the  firing  of 
the  first  gun,  May  5,  to  the  taking  of  Atlanta,  there  was  fight 
ing  on  some  part  of  the  line  every  hour.  Fighting  was  the 
regular  daily  business  of  Sherman's  army,  and  the  soldiers  were 
aroused  from  the  bivouac  each  morning  to  get  a  hurried  break 
fast  of  coffee  and  hardtack,  and  the  cavalrymen  to  feed,  groom 
and  water  their  horses,  with  the  full  expectation  of  attacking 
the  enemy  at  any  moment,  and  they  were  rarely  disappointed. 

It  is  very  surprising  how  quickly  young  men  will  adapt 
themselves  to  the  hardships  and  perils  of  war,  and  so  soon  be 
come  accustomed  to  active  warfare,  that  the  average  soldier 
goes  about  it  the  same  as  the  citizen  follows  his  usual  vocation. 

The  veteran  fully  realizes  that  in  every  battle  the  chances 
are  against  him,  but  he  goes  on,  never  shirking  from  duty,  hoping 
for  the  best,  and  it  is  rarely  the  case  that  a  soldier  will  acknowl 
edge,  when  a  battle  opens,  that  he  believes  he  will  be  killed. 

When  Sherman's  army  commenced  the  advance,  May  5, 1864, 
he  had,  in  round  numbers,  100,000  men  present  for  duty. 


U.  (ien.  Jos.  Wheeler, 
C.  S.  A. 


I<t.  Gen.  N.  B.  Forrest, 
C.  S.  A. 


Piece  of  the   gun,  of  the  Chicago  Hoard  of  Trade  Buttery,  thai  exploded,  August  20th, 
1S(>4,  near  J^ovejoy,  Ga.— See  page  18:5. 


—193— 

ARMY    OF    THE    CUMBERLAND. 

Major-General  Thomas. 

Infantry 54,568 

Artillery 2,377 

Cavalry 3,828 


Total 60,773 

Field  guns 130 

ARMY    OF    THE    TENNESSEE. 

Major-General  McPherson. 

Infantry 22,437 

Artillery 1,404 

Cavalry 624 


Total 24,465 

Field  guns 96 

ARMY    OF    OHIO. 
Major-General  Schofield. 

Infantry 11,183 

Artillery 679 

Cavalry 1,697 


Total 13,559 

Field  guns 28 

Grand  total 98,797 

Field  guns 254 

Soon  after  the  campaign  began  two  more  divisions  of  cavalry 
joined  Sherman's  army:  General  Stoneman,  4,000;  General  Gar- 
rard,  4,500. 

General  Sherman  in  making  an  estimate  of  the  number  of 
men  and  horses  to  be  supplied  by  his  one  line  of  railroad  from 
Louisville  to  Chattanooga,  estimated  horses  and  mules  at  35,000, 
and  that  it  would  require  one  hundred  and  thirty  cars  of  ten 
tons  each  to  reach  Chattanooga  daily  to  supply  his  army.  He 
did  not  calculate  to  transport  any  hay,  and  only  five  pounds 
of  oats  or  corn  per  day  for  each  animal,  and  expected  the  cavalry 
to  subsist  their  horses  on  grass  and  wheat  for  rough  forage, 
and  beef  cattle  were  to  be  driven  on  the  hoof.  To  transport  these 
supplies  it  required  one  hundred  locomotives  and  one  thousand 
freight  cars.  Before  the  army  moved,  orders  were  issued  requir 
ing  men  and  officers  to  carry  their  clothing  and  five  days7  rations, 
only  one  wagon  and  one  ambulance  was  allowed  to  each  regi- 


—  194— 

ment,  and  the  officers  of  each  company  one  pack  mule.  Only 
one  tent  was  allowed  each  headquarters,  and  officers  and  men 
carried  their  own  shelter  tents.  A  shelter  tent,  or  dog  tent,  as 
they  were  usually  called,  was  composed  of  two  pieces  of  muslin 
or  tent  cloth,  about  four  by  six  feet,  and  on  one  edge  of  this 
cloth  was  a  row  of  buttons,  and  on  the  opposite  side  was  a  row 
of  button  holes.  Each  soldier  carried  a  half  tent  and  two  bunked 
together.  The  two  pieces  of  cloth  were  buttoned  together 
and  then  stretched  over  a  fence-rail  or  stick  for  a  ridge  pole, 
driving  down  about  three  stakes  on  each  side,  and  the  tent  was 
pitched  ready  for  sleeping.  By  the  time  two  cavalrymen  put 
their  saddles,  bridles,  carbines,  sabers,  revolvers,  haversacks 
and  canteens  under  this  shelter,  there  was  not  an  over  abundance 
of  room  for  two  soldiers,  and  the  six-footer  usually  slept  with 
his  feet  out  in  the  rain.  It  is  safe  to  say  that  no  army  during 
the  war  was  stripped  down  to  fighting  weight  and  put  in  better 
condition  for  hard  campaigning  and  rapid  marching  than  was 
Sherman's  army  when  they  started  on  the  Atlanta  campaign. 
The  army  moved  May  5  and  drove  the  enemy  back  steadily  from 
Dalton  on  to  Kesaca,  and  on  the  fifteenth  the  opening  battle 
of  that  great  campaign  was  fought  at  Kesaca.  Our  loss  in  that 
battle  was  six  hundred  killed  and  about  thirty-four  hundred 
wounded.  Johnson  retreated  on  the  night  of  the  fifteenth  and 
did  not  halt  until  he  reached  Cassville,  near  Alatoona  Pass, 
a  very  strong  position.  Instead  of  attacking  Johnston's  army 
at  Alatoona,  which  was  a  very  strong  position,  Sherman  moved 
his  whole  army  to  the  right  toward  Dallas  in  order  to  flank 
Johnston's  position  and  compelled  him  to  evacuate  the  Pass. 
Johnston  anticipated  Sherman,  and  near  Dallas  our  army,  in 
moving  by  the  flank,  struck  the  Confederates,  May  25,  and  fight 
ing  ensued  from  that  date  to  June  1,  with  heavy  loss  to  both 
armies.  June  4  Johnston  evacuated  Alatoona  Pass  and  fell 
back  to  Kenesaw  Mountain,  and  Sherman's  army  moved  forward 
to  Big  Shanty.  The  casualties  in  our  army  during  the  month 
of  May  was:  Killed  and  missing,  1,863;  wounded,  7,436;  total, 
9,299. 

According  to  the  reports  of  the  Confederate  army  Johnston 
had  64,465  men  in  line  during  the  fighting  about  Dallas  and 
New  Hope  Church,  and  his  loss  in  the  month  of  May  was:  Killed, 
721;  wounded,  4,672;  missing,  3,245;  total,  8,638. 

By  the  fourteenth  of  June  Sherman's  army  was  in  position 
in  front  of  Johnston's  fortified  army  with  a  battle  line  ten  miles 
long,  and  there  was  continuous  skirmishing  all  along  the  battle 
front,  around  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Little  Kenesaw  and  Pine 
Mountain. 

On  the  fourteenth  Sherman  was  riding  along  his  lines  tak 
ing  observation  and,  noticing  a  rebel  battery  on  Pine  Mountain 
with  a  group  of  what  he  supposed  to  be  a  General  and  his  staff 


—195— 

observing  our  lines  with  glasses,  he  directed  General  Howard  to 
have  a  battery  fire  three  volleys  at  the  group  and  disperse  them. 
General  Polk  was  killed  by  a  shell  fired  at  this  time,  and  our 
army  learned  of  his  death  that  afternoon,  as  one  of  our  signal 
officers  had  deciphered  their  "key"  and  caught  the  signal  sent 
from  Pine  Mountain  to  Marietta,  "Send  an  ambulance  for  Gen 
eral  Polk's  body."  It  rained  in  torrents  from  the  fourteenth 
to  about  the  twenty -fifth,  but  in  spite  of  the  storms,  fighting 
was  continued  incessantly  all  the  time,  our  army  moving  for 
ward  steadily,  fortifying  daily,  and  Sherman  estimated  at  that 
time  that  Johnston  had  fifty  miles  of  "connected  trenches  with 
abatis  and  finished  batteries." 

Every  soldier  in  Sherman's  army  well  remembers  the  great 
artillery  duels  that  were  of  daily  occurrence  along  the  line,  and 
of  the  rebel  battery  on  the  summit  of  Kenesaw,  that  kept  boom 
ing  away  day  and  night  for  about  three  weeks,  and  how  the 
white  smoke  puffed  up  near  the  "Lone  Tree,"  then  hear  the 
screaming  of  the  shells  and  next  the  report  of  the  guns,  and  how 
we  would,  with  watch  in  hand,  calculate  the  distance.  June 
27  Sherman  attacked  Johnston's  fortified  army  around  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  but  our  army  was  repulsed  with  heavy  loss,  as  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland  lost  upward  of  two  thousand  killed 
and  wounded,  and  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  about  five  hun 
dred.  Johnston  admits  his  loss  in  killed  and  wounded  at  eight 
hundred  and  eight.  The  fighting  was  desperate  from  nine  o'clock 
to  eleven  A.  M.,  and  up  to  that  time  it  was  the  hardest  fought 
battle  of  the  campaign.  Sherman  decided  to  make  another  flank 
to  the  right  to  compel  Johnston  to  evacuate  Kenesaw.  The 
movement  was  commenced  on  the  night  of  July  2,  but  Johnston 
anticipated  the  move  and  evacuated  Kenesaw  the  same  night 
and  fell  back  to  his  next  line  on  the  Chattahoochie  Eiver,  where 
he  had  strong  fortifications.  The  battle  had  been  almost  con 
tinuous  from  June  10  to  July  3,  and  our  losses  during  the  month 
of  Junew^ere:  Killed  and  missing,  1,790;  wounded,  5,740;  total, 
7,530.  Confederate  losses  for  June:  Killed,  wounded  and  pris 
oners,  5,948.  On  the  fourth  Thomas  attacked  Johnston  in  his 
works  and  a  hard  battle  ensued,  and  there  was  more  or  less 
fighting  every  day  up  to  the  ninth,  and  that  day  Schofield  crossed 
the  river  at  Soap's  Creek  and  Garrard's  cavalry  crossed  at  Kos- 
well,  and  that  night  Johnston  evacuated  his  works  on  tne  wrest 
side  of  the  river,  crossed  the  river  and  burned  the  railroad  bridge. 
Sherman's  main  army  crossed  the  Chattahoochie  on  the  seven 
teenth,  and  the  general  movement  against  Atlanta  commenced, 
and  our  army  closed  in  on  Atlanta  from  the  north  and  north 
east  by  way  of  Decatur.  On  the  eighteenth  Johnston  was  re 
moved  from  command  of  the  Confederate  army  and  Hood  was 
given  command.  On  the  twentieth  Hood  left  his  works  and 
made  a  sudden  and  impetuous  attack  on  Thomas'  army,  and 


196— 

the  blow  was  principally  against  Hooker's  corps,  the  Twentieth. 
The  fighting  was  very  severe  and  in  some  places  hand  to  hand, 
but  in  two  hours  the  enemy  were  driven  back  into  their  works 
with  heavy  loss. 

Hooker's  loss  was  about  fifteen  hundred  killed  and  wounded, 
and  Hood's  loss  was  estimated  at  four  thousand.  On  the  twenty- 
second  was  fought  what  is  generally  called  the  battle  of  Atlanta. 
Hood  again  sallied  out  of  his  works  and  attacked  the  left  and 
left  rear  of  Sherman's  army,  commanded  by  General  McPherson. 
The  battle  raged  from  noon  until  night,  and  the  losses  in  both 
armies  were  very  heavy.  General  McPherson  was  killed  about 
11  A.  M.  and  General  John  A.  Logan  at  once  assumed  command 
of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  which  he  handled  with  great  skill 
and  courage  throughout  the  battle.  General  Logan  reported 
the  total  loss  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  at  3,521.  Hood's 
loss  was:  Killed,  3,220;  prisoners,  1,017;  wounded  prisoners, 
1,000;  total,  5,237. 

The  losses  of  the  enemy  as  reported  above  were  those  that 
fell  into  our  hands,  and  Logan  estimated  that  at  least  four  thou 
sand  wounded  were  kept  within  the  rebel  lines.  General  O.  O. 
Howard  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Ten 
nessee  July  24. 

The  cavalry  divisions  of  Stoneman  and  Garrard  were  sent 
to  the  rear  of  Hood's  army  to  make  a  break  in  the  railroad  about 
Jonesboro,  and  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  was  ordered  to  swing 
around  to  the  extreme  right  of  our  army  and  all  of  these  move 
ments  commenced  on  the  twenty-seventh.  On  the  twenty-eighth 
Hood  again  sallied  out  of  his  trenches  and  attacked  our  right 
flank.  The  brunt  of  the  battle  fell  on  the  Fifteenth  Corps,  com 
manded  by  Logan.  Hood's  army,  the  corps  of  Lee  and  Hardee, 
made  six  successive  charges  and  each  time  were  repulsed  w^ith 
great  loss. 

The  loss  of  the  Fifteenth  Corps  was  five  hundred  and  sev 
enty-two  killed  and  wounded.  Logan  reported  that  his  command 
buried  five  hundred  and  sixty-five  rebels  and  captured  one  hun 
dred  and  seventy-three  prisoners,  and  he  estimated  the  rebel  loss 
at  about  six  thousand,  all  told,  as  they  were  literally  slaughtered, 
our  army  being  protected  by  barricades. 

The  campaign  during  July  had  been  one  of  constant  fight 
ing,  and  the  losses  in  both  armies  were  heavy.  As  shown  by 
reports  of  the  Confederate  army,  Johnston's  and  Hood's  losses 
were:  Killed,  1,341;  wounded,  7,500;  missing,  1,550. 

In  Sherman's  army  the  losses  were:  Killed  and  missing, 
3,944;  wounded,  5,965;  total,  9,909. 

The  month  of  August  opened  with  Sherman's  army  closely 
investing  Atlanta,  and  the  cavalry  expedition  under  Stoneman 
had  met  defeat,  lost  many  prisoners,  and  General  Stonemau 
himself  had  been  captured  with  seven  or  ei^ht  hundred  men 


—197— 

near  Clinton,  Ga.  There  was  some  hard  lighting  on  the  right 
toward  West  Point  on  the  fifth,  sixth  and  seventh,  mostly  by 
the  Twenty-third  Corps,  under  Sehofield,  and  a  continuous  artil 
lery  battle  was  kept  up  against  the  fortifications,  and  into 
Atlanta  shells  were  tossed  daily.  Thus  the  two  armies  kept 
pounding  away  until  the  eighteenth,  and  on  that  date  Kilpatrick 
was  dispatched  with  three  divisions  of  cavalry  to  make  a  raid 
in  the  rear  of  Hood's  army.  He  made  a  successful  raid,  made 
a  complete  circuit  of  Hood's  army,  destroyed  several  miles  of 
railroad  track,  and  reached  our  lines  safely  again  on  the  twenty- 
second.  On  the  night  of  the  twenty-fifth  Sherman  commenced 
his  great  flank  movement  to  the  right.  There  was  considerable 
of  fighting  during  the  movement,  but  the  only  hard  battle 
fought  was  at  Jonesboro  on  the  evening  of  September  1.  The 
Fourteenth  Corps  drove  the  rebels  back  and  captured  in  their 
fortifications  Govan's  brigade  with  ten  pieces  of  artillery. 

Hood  blowed  up  his  magazines  and  evacuated  Atlanta  on 
the  night  of  September  1,  and  "Atlanta  was  ours  and  fairly 
won."  The  losses  in  our  army  during  the  months  of  August 
and  September  were:  Killed  and  missing,  1,408;  wounded,  3,731; 
total,  5,139. 

Hood's  army:  Killed,  482;  wounded,  3,223;  prisoners,  3,738; 
total,  7,443. 

Johnston  and  Hood,  in  reporting  their  losses  in  the  Atlanta 
campaign,  only  reported  the  killed  and  wounded,  while  Sherman 
reported  killed,  wounded  and  missing  in  his  army.  Sherman's 
army  captured  and  sent  north  during  that  campaign  12,938 
Confederate  soldiers,  and  in  compiling  Confederate  losses  these 
prisoners  have  been  added  to  the  Confederate  reports  of  their 
losses,  stating  as  near  as  possible  the  number  captured  in  each 
battle. 

Total  loss  in  the  Atlanta  campaign:  Union  Army:  Killed, 
4,423;  wounded,  22,822;  missing,  4,442;  total,  31,687.  Confed 
erate  army:  Killed,  3,044;  wounded,  18,952;  prisoners,  12,983; 
total,  34,979. 

Extract  from  report  of  Major-General  Geo.  H.  Thomas,  U. 
S.  Army,  commanding  Army  of  the  Cumberland: 

Headquarters  Army  of  the  Cumberland, 
In  the  Field,  near  Dallas,  Ga.,  June  5, 1864. 

Colonel:  General  Garrard,  commanding  Second  Cavalry 
Division,  informed  me  that  he  was  camped  on  Pumpkin  Vine 
Creek,  about  three  miles  from  Dallas,  and  that,  in  moving  on 
that  place,  and  when  within  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  it,  he  was 
attacked  by  what  was  reported  by  prisoners  to  be  Bate's  divi 
sion,  the  advance  of  Ilardee's  corps.  Garrard  repulsed  this 
force  and  drove  it  back  toward  Dallas. 


—198— 

Extract  from  report  of  Major-General  Frank  P.  Blair,  Jr., 
U.  S.  Army,  commanding  Seventeenth  Army  Corps: 

Rome,  Ga.,  June  5,  1864. 

General:  I  marched  with  the  Third  and  Fourth  Divisions, 
commanded  respectively  by  Brigadier-Generals  Leggett  and 
Crocker,  on  the  twenty-fifth  ultimo,  in  the  direction  of  Decatur, 
reaching  that  place  on  the  twenty-sixth,  where  I  was  joined  by 
Colonel  Long  with  his  brigade  of  cavalry,  twenty-five  hundred 
strong.  As  Roddy  was  reported  to  be  encamped  near  Court- 
land,  fifteen  miles  distant,  I  ordered  Colonel  Long  to  move  on 
him  with  his  brigade  on  the  morning  of  the  twenty-seventh.  In 
order  to  give  the  enemy  the  impression  that  this  corps  was  mov 
ing  in  that  direction  I  sent  one  brigade  of  infantry,  which  I 
obtained  from  the  garrison  of  Decatur,  to  support  him,  with 
instructions  to  display  the  infantry  to  any  force  they  might  meet. 
This  was  done  successfully,  and  Roddy's  command,  after  a  brief 
skirmish,  fell  rapidly  back,  abandoning  his  camps.  Colonel  Long 
then,  under  my  instructions,  moved  in  the  direction  of  Moulton, 
which  place  he  reached  without  molestation.  On  the  morning 
of  the  twenty-ninth  he  was  attacked  in  camp  by  Roddy's  whole 
force  with  four  pieces  of  artillery.  After  a  sharp  fight  the  enemy 
was  routed  and  driven  from  the  field,  leaving  his  dead,  wounded 
and  a  number  of  prisoners  in  our  hands.  For  particulars  I  refer 
you  to  the  enclosed  copy  of  Colonel  Long's  official  report.  I  desire 
to  call  your  attention  to  the  very  handsome  manner  in  which 
Colonel  Long  carried  out  his  instructions  and  fought  his  com 
mand,  by  which  I  am  satisfied  that  our  march  was  relieved  from 
any  molestation  and  Roddy's  projected  raid  on  our  communica 
tions  at  Athens  and  Pulaski  postponed,  if  not  prevented. 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Division,  Cross-roads,  Ala- 
bama-Lovegood  and  Marietta  Roads, 

June  10,  1864. 

General:  My  headquarters  are  where  they  were  last  night. 
This  morning  I  sent  Long's  brigade  down  on  the  Marietta  and 
Lovegood's  bridge  road  and  secured  the  intersection  of  that  road 
with  the  Big  Shanty  and  Roswell  Factory  road,  which  is  the 
main  road  leading  from  Big  Shanty  east.  I  sent  a  part  of  Long's 
brigade,  nine  hundred  men,  down  the  Big  Shanty  road  to  come 
in  on  the  flank  of  the  enemy,  but  neither  Minty  or  Long  could 
make  any  headway,  though  they  both  charged  and  took  a  line 
of  rail  breast  works.  General  Wheeler  and  three  divisions  of 
cavalry  are  said  by  prisoners  to  be  in  my  front,  and  two  bat 
teries.  I  have  prisoners  from  Iverson's,  Allen's,  Williams'  and 
Ferguson's  brigades,  and  from  Martin's  division.  The  fight  to 
day  was  at  Doctor  McAfee's.  I  send  you  a  sketch,  which  please 
show  to  General  Sherman  and  also  this  letter,  and  say  to  him 


-199— 


that  the  rebel  cavalry  is  still  here.  Do  you  want  me  to  try  to 
hold  both  the  Alabama  road  and  the  Big  Shanty  road,  or  shall 
I  move  down  the  Marietta  road  and  hold  only  the  Big  Shanty 
road?  The  roads  are  over  two  miles  apart,  and  I  may  not,  if 
attacked  in  force,  be  able  to  hold  both.  The  Big  Shanty  guards 
your  flank  and,  if  I  lose  it  and  hold  only  the  Alabama  road, 
it  would  put  the  enemy  between  us.  Brush  Mountain  is  about 
twelve  miles  from  the  Kenesaw,  and  in  this  space  are  three 
good  roads  to  Marietta. 

K.    GARRARD, 
Commanding  Division. 
Major-General  McPherson. 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Division,  in  the  Field,  near  Kene 
saw  Mountain,  Ga., 

June  21,  1864. 
Respectfully  forwarded. 

Colonel  Long  had  one  regiment  on  picket  guarding  the 
crossing  of  Noonday  Creek  on  the  Bell's  Ferry  road,  and  two 
regiments  dismounted  to  meet  any  emergency.  The  fight  lasted 
until  after  dark.  From  all  information  received  it  is  just  to 
conclude  that  the  loss  of  the  enemy  was  very  severe,  and  that 
two  divisions  attacked  me,  supported  by  other  troops. 

K.  GARRARD. 

Headquarters  Second  Brigade,  Second  Division  Cavalry, 
Near  Roswell,  Ga.,  July  12,  1864 

Captain:  Please  find  annexed  a  report  of  the  operations 
of  the  Second  Brigade,  Second  Cavalry  Division,  since  leaving 
Decatur,  Ala.,  on  the  twenty-sixth  of  May,  and  up  to  the  present 
month,  which  I  have  the  honor  to  forward  for  the  information 
of  the  Brigadier-General  commanding  corps: 

Leaving  Decatur,  I  proceeded  on  the  Courtland  road  toward 
Courtland,  Ala.,  and  soon  found  the  enemy,  a  portion  of  General 
Roddy's  cavalry  command.  Attacking  them  at  once,  they  were 
thrown  into  a  hasty  retreat,  and  we  captured  twelve  prisoners 
and  two  stands  of  colors,  besides  wragons,  horses,  mules,  arms. 

Next  day  Roddy's  entire  command  was  met  near  Courtland, 
and,  after  an  engagement  of  half  an  hour,  I  drove  him  through 
the  town,  taking  three  prisoners  and  killing  Major  Williams. 
We  had  one  man  wounded.  On  the  twenty-eighth  we  had  no 
fighting,  but  surprised  and  captured  six  of  Roddy's  men. 

May  29,  near  Moulton,  Ala.,  I  Avas  attacked  at  4  A.  M.  by 
General  Roddy  with  four  pieces  of  artillery.  After  a  severe 
engagement,  lasting  two  hours,  the  enemy  was  completely  re 
pulsed  on  all  sides,  and  compelled  to  retreat  in  great  disorder 
toward  Moulton,  leaving  his  dead  and  some  wounded  on  the 
field.  Roddy's  loss  was  twelve  to  fifteen  killed;  the  number 


—200— 

of  his  wounded  not  known.  We  took  thirty-six  prisoners,  includ 
ing  one  Lieutenant-Colonel  and  two  Lieutenants.  Our  own  cas 
ualties  were  three  killed  and  fourteen  wounded.  Marched  that 
morning  at  eight  o'clock,  passing  through  Sonierville,  Ala.,  and 
on  the  thirtieth  of  May  overtook  the  Seventeenth  Army  Corps, 
Major-General  Blair.  Remained  with  this  command  until  the 
sixth  of  June,  when  we  arrived  at  Kingston,  Ga.  Crossing  Ra 
coon  and  Sand  Mountains  was  very  severe  upon  our  horses, 
although  the  roads  by  this  route  were  generally  good  and  water 
abundant. 

Crossed  Lookout  Mountain  on  the  third  of  June  and  marched 
toward  Rome,  Ga.,  surprising  and  capturing  sixteen  rebel  sol 
diers  and  one  Lieutenant-Colonel.  June  G  marched  from  Rome 
to  Kingston,  and  on  the  following  day  to  Etowah  Bridge,  thence 
toward  Marietta.  June  11,  while  encamped  ten  miles  from  Mari 
etta,  I  sent  out  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  on  a  reconnoissance 
toward  that  town.  They  met  a  force  of  the  enemy  and  drove 
them  some  four  miles.  Our  loss  here  was  twelve  wounded  and 
two  missing.  The  enemy  had  several  wounded  and  wre  took 
one  prisoner.  Remained  in  camp  at  Noonday  Creek,  having 
frequent  skirmishing  with  the  rebel  pickets,  until  the  fifteenth, 
when  I  received  marching  orders.  At  2  P.  M.  I  attacked  Gen 
eral  Wheeler's  cavalry  command,  and  fought  him  for  about  an 
hour,  but  was  at  length  compelled  to  fall  back,  Wheeler  being 
well  fortified  and  intrenched  beyond  our  power  to  drive  him 
out.  In  this  engagement  we  lost  two  killed,  sixteen  wounded, 
and  two  inissmg.  Rebel  loss  unknown.  On  the  sixteenth  of 
June  I  moved  toward  the  front  and  encamped  near  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  remaining  here  until  the  nineteenth,  when,  upon 
orders  received,  I  moved  my  command  and  drove  the  enemy  to 
Noonday  Creek.  The  enemy  made  a  stand  on  the  opposite  bank 
of  the  creek  and  fought  stubbornly  for  several  hours.  June  23, 
crossed  Noonday  Creek,  and  was  attacked  by  the  enemy  some 
five  miles  from  Marietta.  The  attack  was  handsomely  repelled, 
and  the  enemy  driven  back,  with  a  loss  of  one  killed  and  several 
wounded. 

Since  leaving  Decatur,  the  brigade  has  inarched  (the  main 
column)  two  hundred  and  fifteen  miles,  much  of  this  distance 
being  mountainous  country .  Besides  horses,  mules,  wagons  and 
arms  taken,  we  captured  a  total  of  five  officers  and  fifty-four  men, 
and  lost,  in  killed,  five;  wounded,  forty-five;  missing,  six. 

ELI    LONG, 
Colonel,  Commanding  Brigade. 

Captain  J.  E.  Jacobs,  Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

Headquarters  Second  Brigade,  Second  Cavalry  Division, 

Near  Roswell,  Ga.,  July  14,  1804. 
Sir:     I  have  the  honor  to  forward,  for  the  information  of 


901 

*-Vy  -L 

the  division  commander,  the  following  report,  showing  the 
movements  and  operations  of  the  Second  Brigade  from  the  first 
of  the  present  month  to  date: 

Being  encamped  near  Noonday  Creek,  north  of  Marietta, 
I  remained  there  until  the  evening  of  the  third,  then  inarching  to 
Big  Shanty.  On  the  following  day  I  received  orders  to  follow 
the  enemy,  who  w^as  retreating,  and,  marching  via  Marietta,  I 
pursued  him  some  four  miles  southeast  of  that  town.  At  3  A.  M. 
of  the  fourth  I  again  had  marching  orders,  and  on  moving  out 
of  camp  found  the  rebels  in  considerable  force  a  short  distance 
in  front  of  the  pickets,  with  strong  breast-works  throwrn  up. 
This  was  found  to  be  Wheeler's  cavalry  re-enforced,  as  nearly 
as  could  be  ascertained,  by  a  division  of  infantry.  Fighting  im 
mediately  ensued  and  was  continued  at  intervals  throughout 
the  day  with  heavy  skirmishing,  in  which  my  loss  was  but  one 
killed  and  seventeen  wounded,  the  men  being  protected  by  rail 
breast-works  hastily  thrown  up.  We  took  two  prisoners.  Not 
being  able  to  dislodge  the  enemy  or  effect  any  decided  result, 
the  command  returned  in  the  evening  to  camp.  On  the  fifth  I 
marched  to  within  one  mile  and  a  half  of  Chattahoochie  River, 
near  the  town  of  Roswell.  July  9,  upon  orders  received,  I  sent 
the  Fourth  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry,  at  3  A.  M.,  to  McAfee's 
bridge,  across  the  Chattahoochee,  eight  miles  above  Roswell, 
with  instructions  to  hold  it  and  prevent  the  enemy  from  cross 
ing  or  destroying  it.  The  other  regiments  of  my  brigade  were 
held  as  a  reserve,  saddled  and  in  readiness  to  move  at  the  shortest 
notice.  The  enemy  held  the  further  end  of  the  bridge  and  skir 
mishing  with  them  was  continued  until  evening,  when  they 
fell  back. 

ELI    LONG, 

Colonel,  Commanding  Brigade. 

Captain  R.  P.  Kennedy,  Assistant  Adjutant-General,  Sec 
ond  Cavalry  Division. 

Headquarters  Cavalry  Division, 

July  19,  1864,  10  P.  M. 

General:  I  have  to  report  that,  owing  to  the  appearance 
of  the  enemy  in  this  vicinity  last  evening,  I  sent  a  regiment  to 
the  Peach  Tree  road,  one  to  McAfee's  bridge,  and  ordered  Colonel 
Long  with  his  two  regiments  up.  They  met  strong  opposition 
just  outside  of  my  pickets  and  had  heavy  skirmishing  to  within 
a  mile  of  the  depot.  I  then  moved  up  Long  and  we  went  into  the 
town.  We  fought  two  brigades.  We  captured  one  set  of  colors, 
which  they  dropped  in  their  hasty  retreat.  The  depot,  containing 
large  amounts  of  quartermaster  and  commissary  stores,  was 
burned;  also  about  two  hundred  bales  of  cotton;  also  the  rail 
road  as  fast  as  we  advanced.  We  had  to  use  artillery  to  drive 


—202— 

them  out  of  the  houses.  I  could  only  spare  five  regiments  for 
this  duty,  and  I  am  to  guard  such  an  extended  flank  it  will  be 
impossible  for  me  to  do  anything  else.  I  would  suggest  the 
destruction  of  McAfee's  bridge  and  that  my  line  be  contracted. 

K.    GARRARD. 

Headquarters  Department  of  the  Cumberland, 

Near  Atlanta,  Ga.,  July  25,  1864. 

Brigadier-General  Garrard,  commanding  Second  Cavalry 
Division,  has  just  returned  from  a  raid  upon  the  Georgia  Rail 
road,  having  lost  two  men  and  brought  in  two  hundred  prisoners 
and  a  fair  lot  of  fresh  horses  and  negroes.  He  destroyed  the  rail 
road  bridge  across  the  branches  of  the  Ocmulgee  and  the  depots 
at  Conyers,  Covington  and  Social  Circle. 

By  command  of  Major-General  Thomas: 

WM.  WHIPPLE, 
Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

In  the  Field,  near  Atlanta,  Ga.,  July  24,  1864,  2  P.  M. 
General  Garrard,  Decatur: 

General:  I  am  rejoiced  to  hear  that  you  are  back  safe  and 
successful.  I  will  give  you  time  to  rest  and  then  we  must  make 
quick  work  with  Atlanta.  I  await  your  report  with  impatience, 
and  in  the  meantime  tender  you  assurance  of  my  great  consid 
eration. 

Your  friend, 

W.  T.  SHERMAN. 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Division, 

Decatur,  July  24,  1864. 

General :  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  y our  instructions 
have  been  carried  out.  Results,  three  road  bridges  and  one 
railroad  bridge,  five  hundred  and  fifty-five  feet  in  length,  over 
the  Yellow  River,  and  one  road  and  one  railroad  bridge,  two 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  length,  over  the  Ulcofauhachee,  were 
burned,  six  miles  of  railroad  track  between  the  rivers  were  well 
destroyed,  the  depot  and  considerable  quantity  of  quartermaster 
and  commissary  stores  at  Covington  were  burned,  one  train  and 
locomotive  captured  at  Conyers  and  burnt.  One  train-platform 
was  burnt  at  Covington,  and  a  small  train,  baggage,  at  station 
near  the  Ulcofauhachee,  captured  and  burned.  Over  two  thou 
sand  bales  of  cotton  were  burnt.  A  large  new  hospital  at  Cov 
ington,  for  the  accommodation  of  ten  thousand  patients  of  this 
army  and  the  Army  of  the  Virginia,  composed  of  over  thirty 
buildings,  besides  the  offices,  just  finished,  were  burnt.  In  the 
town  of  Oxford,  two  miles  north  of  Coving-ton,  and  in  Covington, 
were  over  one  thousand  sick  and  wounded  iu  buildings  used  for 
hospitals.  The  convalescents  able  to  walk  scattered  through 
the  woods  while  the  fire  was  going  on  in  town,  and  I  did  not  have 


—203— 

time  to  hunt  them  up  before  dark.    Those  in  hospitals,  together 
with  their  surgeons,  were  not  disturbed. 

From  the  two  other  brigades  I  have  received  one  hundred 
and  forty  prisoners  and  eleven  officers  and  about  two  hundred 
negroes.  I  cannot  mention  too  highly  the  zeal  and  promptness 
of  my  whole  command,  and  to  their  good  conduct  and  earnest 
ness  I  am  indebted  for  this  success.  Since  leaving  Marietta, 
this  division  has  been  so  constantly  in  motion  that  it  is  now  very 
much  out  of  condition.  I  would  be  pleased  to  have  a  few  days' 
quiet  to  shoe  horses  and  repair  equipments.  I  was  absent  from 
Decatur  less  than  three  days  and  as  a  division  marched  over 
ninety  miles. 

K.    GAEEAED. 

General  Sherman,  commanding  army. 

Extract  from  W.  T.  Sherman's  report: 

Near  Atlanta,  July  20,  1804,  Midnight. 
General  Garrard,  commanding  Cavalry  Division: 

General:  Take  the  road  by  Lattimar's,  touching  the  rail 
road  at  or  beyond  Lithonia,  and  thence  substantially  along  the 
railroad,  destroying  it  effectually  all  the  way,  especially  the 
Yellow  Elver  bridge  this  side  of  Covington,  as  well  as  the  road 
bridge  over  the  Yellow  Eiver,  after  you  have  passed.  From 
Covington  send  detachments  to  destroy  the  rail  and  road  bridges 
east  of  Covington  over  the  Ulcofauhachee.  Try  and  capture 
and  destroy  some  locomotives  and  cars,  and  the  depots  and  stores 
at  Covington,  but  of  private  property  only  take  what  is  neces 
sary  for  your  own  use,  except  horses  and  mules,  of  which  you  will 
take  all  that  are  fit  for  service,  exercising,  of  course,  some  judg 
ment  as  to  the  animals  belonging  to  the  poor  and  needy. 

It  is  a  matter  of  vital  importance  and  must  be  attempted 
with  great  vigor.  The  importance  of  it  will  justify  the  loss  of  a 
quarter  of  your  command.  Be  prepared  with  axes,  hatchets, 
and  bars  to  tear  up  sections  of  track  and  make  bonfires.  When 
the  rails  are  red  hot  they  must  be  twisted.  Burning  will  do 
for  the  bridges  and  culverts,  but  not  for  ordinary  track.  Let 
the  work  be  well  done. 

August  18.  No  changes  on  the  part  of  the  enemy  discov 
ered  to-day.  Two  P.  M.  received  the  following  dispatch  from 
General  Thomas,  dated  August  18,  as  follows: 

For  the  purpose  of  aiding  General  Kilpatrick  in  his  opera 
tions  on  the  Macon  railroad  as  much  as  possible,  I  desire  you 
to  concentrate  on  your  left  flank  as  large  a  force  as  you  can, 
without  weakening  your  lines  too  much  (by  daylight  to-morrow 
morning,  nineteenth),  and  make  a  strong  demonstration  and 
attract  the  enemy  toward  you  as  much  as  possible,  and  endeavor 
to  hold  him  opposite  you  during  the  day.  It  is  hoped  that  Gen 
eral  Kilpatrick  will  be  able  to  reach  the  Macon  road  at  Jones- 


—204— 

boro  between  12  M.  and  2  P.  M.  to-morrow,  the  nineteenth, 
and  if  he  can  have  from  that  time  until  10  P.  M.  to  work  unin 
terruptedly,  he  ought  to  be  able  to  destroy  so  much  of  the  road 
as  to  make  it  impossible  to  operate  it  for  at  least  ten  days,  by 
which  time  it  is  supposed  Hood  will  be  starved  out.  Similar 
instructions  have  been  given  to  General  Garrard,  who  will  oper 
ate  on  the  enemy's  flank,  still  farther  to  your  left.  It  is  also 
desirable  for  you  to  make  a  similar  demonstration  on  the  morn 
ing  of  the  twentieth,  to  enable  General  Kilpatrick  to  withdraw. 

August  20.  Ferguson's  brigade  of  cavalry,  which  was  on 
their  right,  left  at  daylight  yesterday  morning  in  pursuit  of  Fil- 
patrick.  One  P.  M.  received  from  General  Garrard,  command 
ing  cavalry  division,  two  papers  taken  from  two  scouts  captured 
by  some  of  his  troops  near  Decatur.  These  papers  were  orders 
from  Hood's  chief  of  scouts,  ordering  them  to  be  siire  and  find 
out  where  our  left  flank  rests,  where  the  flank  joins  the  main 
line,  and  what  troops  are  on  our  left  flank,  and  to  be  sure  and 
send  in  this  information  and  let  it  be  reliable. 

August  22.  Nothing  unusual  or  of  importance  occurred  dur 
ing  the  day.  We  are  closely  watching  the  movements  of  the 
enemy  and  for  the  effects  of  General  Kilpatrick's  raid.  Very 
little  artillery  firing  to-day.  Usual  picket  firing.  Two  or  three 
men  wounded.  Five  P.  M.,  General  Kilpatrick  returned  from 
his  raid.  He  destroyed  four  miles  of  the  Atlanta  and  Macon 
Eailroad  completely,  and  ten  miles  at  intervals.  He  had  hard 
fighting;  found  the  enemy's  infantry  and  cavalry  on  the  ground. 
He  was  opposed  by  one  division  of  infantry  and  one  brigade, 
and  three  brigades  of  cavalry. 

(Received  11  P.  M.,  23.) 

Near  Atlanta,  Ga.,  August  22,  18G4,  10  P.  M. 
Major-General  H.  W.  Halleck,  Washington,  D.  C. : 

General  Kilpatrick  is  back.  He  had  pretty  hard  fighting 
with  a  division  of  infantry  and  three  brigades  of  cavalry.  He 
broke  the  cavalry  into  disorder  and  captured  a  batter}7,  which 
he  destroyed,  except  one  gun,  which  he  brought  in  in  addition  to 
all  of  his  own.  He  also  brought  in  three  captured  flags  and  sev 
enty  prisoners.  He  had  possession  of  a  large  part  of  Ross'  bri 
gade,  but  could  not  encumber  himself  with  them.  He  destroyed 
three  miles  of  the  road  about  Jonesboro,  and  broke  it  to  pieces  for 
about  ten  miles  more,  enough  to  disable  the  road  for  ten  days. 
General  Kilpatrick  destroyed  two  locomotives  and  trains. 

W.    T.    SHERMAN, 

Major-General. 

Extract  from  report  of  General  Garrard: 

Jonesboro,  Ga.,  September  4,  1804. 
From  the  commencement  to  the  end  of  the  campaign,  this 


—205— 

division  has  been  in  the  front  and  has,  during  the  whole  time, 
had  intrusted  to  it  duties  of  the  highest  trust  and  responsibility. 
It  gives  me  much  pleasure  to  report  that  every  order  it  has 
received  has  been  fully  and  well  executed,  and  that  no  accident 
whatever  has  occurred,  nor  has  any  capture  been  made  on  the 
flank  or  in  the  rear  where  the  division  has  been  assigned  to  duty. 
The  division,  though  reduced  in  numbers  by  the  length  and 
severity  of  the  campaign,  is  still,  as  an  organization,  in  effective 
condition.  This,  in  connection  with  the  good  service  it  has  ren 
dered,  speaks  in  highest  terms  of  the  soldierly  qualities  of  both 
nay  officers  and  men.  All  of  whom,  throughout  the  campaign, 
have  manifested  an  earnest  and  zealous  spirit  in  the  performance 
of  duty  and  have  always,  with  the  greatest  cheerfulness,  under 
taken  any  task  assigned  them.  In  general  terms  I  cannot  say 
too  much  in  their  praise. 

K.    GAKKAKD, 
Brigadier-General,  Commanding  Division. 

(Volume  38,  Part  5,  Page  801.) 
Special  Field  Orders  No.  64: 

Headquarters  Military  Division  of  the  Mississippi, 

In  the  Field,  near  Lovejoy's,  Sept.  4,  1864. 
The  army  having  accomplished  its  undertaking  in  the  com 
plete  reduction  and  occupation  of  Atlanta,  will  occupy  the  place 
and  the  country  near  it  until  a  new  campaign  is  planned  in  con 
cert  with  the  other  grand  armies  of  the  United  States. 

General  Kilpatrick's  cavalry  will  cover  the  left  rear  of  the 
Army  of  the  Tennessee,  and  that  of  General  Garrard  the  right 
rear  of  the  Army  of  the  Ohio  until  they  reach  the  positions 
assigned  in  this  order,  when  the  cavalry  commands  will  move 
to  the  points  designated,  viz.:  Sandtown  and  Koswell. 

The  General-in-Chief  will  give  notice  when  the  movement 
will  begin,  and  after  reaching  Atlanta  will  establish  headquar 
ters  in  Atlanta  and  afford  the  army  an  opportunity  to  have  a 
full  month's  rest,  with  every  chance  to  organize,  receive  pay, 
replenish  clothing  and  prepare  for  a  fine  winter's  campaign. 
By  order  of  Major-General  W.  T.  Sherman: 

L.  M.  DAYTON, 

Aide-de-Camp. 

Extract  from  report  of  General  Geo.  H.  Thomas: 

Headquarters  Department  of  the  Cumberland, 

Atlanta,  Ga.,  SeptemberlS,  1864. 

Colonel:  On  the  eighteenth  of  August  Brigadier-General 
J.  Kilpatrick,  commanding  Third  Cavalry  Division,  was  directed 
to  attack  and  destroy  both  railroads,  and  for  this  purpose  he 
was  re-enforced  by  two  brigades  taken  from  Garrard's  cavalry 


—206— 

division  stationed  on  the  left  of  the  army.  With  this  force, 
numbering  in  all  about  four  thousand  men  and  two  batteries 
of  artillery,  General  Kilpatrick  moved  out  from  Sandtown  on 
the  evening  of  the  eighteenth.  He  met  the  enemy's  cavalry  pick 
ets  when  only  a  short  distance  out  from  Sandtown  on  the  Chat- 
tahoochee,  and  skirmished  with  them  to  Jonesboro  on  the  Macon 
railroad,  driving  them  through  that  place.  For  six  hours  the 
command  wTas  engaged,  destroying  the  track,  etc.,  until  near  mid 
night  of  the  nineteenth,  when  part  of  his  command  was  attacked 
one  mile  below  the  town  and  driven  in,  but  subsequently  the 
enemy  was  repulsed. 

Toward  daylight  of  the  twentieth  he  moved  in  the  direction 
of  McDonough,  and  thence  across  country  back  to  the  railroad 
near  Lovejoy's  Station,  reaching  that  point  at  about  11  A.  M. 
on  the  twentieth.  There  he  met  a  brigade  of  infantry  and, 
although  repulsed  at  first,  finally  checked  the  advantage  being- 
gained  by  the  enemy  and  drove  him  back  with  heavy  loss.  While 
thus  engaged  fighting  infantry,  a  heavy  force  of  cavalry  with 
artillery  came  up  in  his  rear,  and  he  found  he  was  completely 
enveloped.  Determining  at  once  to  break  the  enemy's  line  and 
extricate  his  command  from  its  delicate  position,  he  decided  to 
ride  over  the  enemy's  cavalry  and  retire  on  McDonough.  The 
movement  was  successfully  made  and  resulted  in  a  complete 
rout  of  Jackson's  cavalry  division,  numbering  four  thousand 
men,  leaving  in  our  hands  four  guns,  three  battle-flags  and  all 
his  wagons.  Some  prisoners  were  taken  and  the  enemy's  loss 
in  killed  and  wounded  is  known  to  be  large.  Eeforming  his 
command,  Kilpatrick  fought  the  enemy's  infantry  for  an  hour 
longer,  when,  finding  his  men  running  out  of  ammunition,  he 
retired  in  the  direction  of  Latimer's  and  Decatur  without  further 
molestation,  reaching  the  latter  place  on  the  afternoon  of  the 
twenty-second. 

In  the  Field,  near  Marietta,  October  5,  18G4. 
General  Elliott: 

Dear  General:  I  have  been  up  on  Kenesaw  all  day,  watch 
ing  the  attack.  Since  it  ceased,  we  have  a  signal  O.  K.  Corse 
wounded.  Our  infantry  can  now  present  a  strong  front,  and 
if  fight  we  must,  so  be  it.  I  want  to  establish  communication 
with  Alatoona  and  have  ordered  Garrard  up. 

Yours, 

W.  T.   SHERMAN. 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Division, 
New  Hope  Church,  October  7,  1864,  4:15  P.  M. 
Brigadier-General  Elliott,  Chief  of  Cavalry,  Department  of  the 

Cumberland : 

I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  I  drove  Armstrong  from 
New  Hope  Church  and  followed  him  to  the  creek  near  Dallas, 


—207— 

where  I  found  him  in  line  across  the  creek  and  drew  several 
shots  from  his  artillery.  I  also  explored  the  Powder  Springs, 
the  Lost  Mountain  road  and  the  Burnt  Hickory  road. 

K.  GARRARD. 

Near  New  Hope  Church,  October  7,  1864,  11:30  A.  M. 
General  Elliott,  Chief  of  Cavalry: 

General:  I  am  near  New  Hope  Church,  skirmishing  with 
the  rear.  Armstrong  camped  where  I  am  now,  and  French's 
division  at  the  church.  I  do  not  know  yet  which  way  they 
marched,  but  rumor  says  toward  Dallas.  Very  conflicting  stories 
are  told  by  citizens  and  I  can  determine  nothing.  I  captured 
the  w^agon  General  Sherman  wished  me  to,  and  in  it  was  a  Brig 
adier-General  and  a  Colonel. 

Very  respectfully  yours, 

K.    GARRARD. 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Division, 

October  12,  1864,  6:30  P.  M. 

General  Elliott,  commanding  Cavalry,  Department  of  the  Cum 
berland: 

General :  I  have  driven  the  rebel  cavalry  between  four  and 
five  miles  beyond  the  river.  They  now  have  a  strong  position 
covering  the  Cedar  Bluff  and  the  Texas  Valley  roads.  I  am  in 
camp  about  a  mile  and  a  quarter  from  the  river,  covering  all 
roads  leading  to  the  bridge. 

K.    GARRARD. 

Headquarters  Army  of  the  Ohio, 
Five  and  one-half  miles  from  Rome,  October  13,  1864. 
Major-General  Sherman: 

Garrard  is  pushing  on  finely,  my  division  infantry  in  close 
support.  He  has  driven  Armstrong's  cavalry  the  last  two  miles. 
Captured  two  pieces  of  artillery  and  a  number  of  prisoners. 

J.  D.  COX, 
Brigadier-General,  Commanding. 

Headquarters  Second  Cavalry  Division, 
On  Little  River,  Ga.,  October  20,  1864. 
General  Elliott,  Chief  of  Cavalry: 

General:  I  forced  a  crossing  of  Little  River  about  5  P.  M. 
by  crossing  a  mile  and  a  half  above  and  flanking  the  force  at 
the  ford.  I  have  advanced  to  the  cross-roads  and  can  positively 
state  that  the  infantry  on  this  road  turned  toward  the  Coosa 
River  on  the  Iron-works  road.  The  cavalry  this  evening  fell  back 
toward  Blue  Pond.  Last  night  Hood's  headquarters  were  at 
Sirnin's  on  the  Gadsden  road,  at  the  falls  of  Yellow  Creek.  Little 
River  is  fordable,  but  quite  wide.  I  was  skirmishing  and  driv 


ing  the  enemv  until  dark. 


K.    GAERARD. 


—208— 

Extract  from  report  of  Brigadier-General  Marcus  J.  Wright, 
C.  S.  Army,  commanding  brigade: 

Headquarters  Post,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  May  7,  1864. 
I  regret  to  report  that  the  cavalry  of  the  enemy,  commanded 
by  Colonel  Long,  which  crossed  near  the  mouth  of  the  Chicka- 
rnauga,  succeeded  in  capturing  my  brigade  train,  which  was 
en  route  from  Charleston  to  Cchickamauga.  Major  Elcan,  As 
sistant  Quartermaster,  and  several  of  the  men  with  him  escaped 
capture.  This  proved  a  severe  loss  to  my  officers  and  men,  whose 
personal  baggage  was  in  the  train  as  well  as  a  heavy  loss  to 
the  Government. 

MAKCUS  J.  WEIGHT, 
Brigadier-General,  Commanding. 
Colonel  John  B.  Sale,  Military  Secretary. 


The  Nashville  Campaign  and  Wilson  Raid  Through  Alabama 

and  Georgia. 


General  Wilson,  having  been  appointed  Chief  of  Cavalry, 
Army  of  the  Cumberland,  issued  the  following  special  order: 

Headquarters  Cavalry  Corps,  Military  Division  of  the 
Mississippi, 

Borne,  Ga.,  October  29,  1864. 

I.  Brigadier-General   Garrard  will  immediately  organize 
his  division  into  two  brigades,  and  after  furnishing  what  horses 
General  Kilpatrick  requires,  mount  the  Second  Brigade  of  the 
new  organization.    As  soon  as  this  duty  is  accomplished,  he  will 
proceed  to  Nashville  with  the  division,  taking  all  horses  unfit 
for  field  service,  and  gathering  all  dismounted  men  found  along 
its  route.    Upon  his  arrival  at  Nashville,  General  Garrard  will 
turn  over  the  men  and  command  of  his  division  to  Brigadier- 
General  Eli  Long. 

II.  Brigadier-General  Eli  Long  will  relieve,  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  Brigadier-General  K.  Garrard  from  the  command  of  the 
Second  Division,  Cavalry  Corps,  Military  Division  of  the  Missis 
sippi.    Upon  assuming  command,  General  Long  will  remain  in 
Nashville  for  the  purpose  of  collecting,  remounting  and  equip 
ping  the  dismounted  men  of  his  division  there. 

By  command  of  Brevet  Major-General  Wilson: 

E.    B.    BEAUMONT, 
Captain  and  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

We  turned  in  all  of  our  serviceable  horses  to  General  Kil 
patrick  at  Kome,  Ga.,  on  the  thirty-first  of  October,  and  all  the 
equipments  were  packed  up  and  turned  over  to  the  Quarter 
master,  Lieutenant  Curry.  On  the  evening  of  November  1  we 
left  Kome  for  Chattanooga,  via  Calhoun,  with  the  unserviceable 
horses  and  wagon  train.  Our  transportation  had  been  so  cut 
down  that  a  large  amount  of  Quartermaster  stores  had  been 
abandoned,  and  among  other  equipments  were  two  hundred  and 
fifty  cavalry  saddles  and  horse  equipments  complete.  By  order 


—210— 

of  the  brigade  commander  the  Quartermaster  had  these  saddles 
piled  up  and  several  hundred  rails  were  piled  up  on  them,  and 
an  attempt  was  made  to  burn  saddles  and  all  other  stores  that 
could  not  be  transported,  but  as  we  moved  at  once,  no  doubt 
the  fire  was  extinguished  by  the  citizens  and  the  saddles  saved. 
If  there  is  any  one  thing  for  which  a  cavalryman  has  a  supreme 
disgust  over  every  other  thing,  it  is  marching  on  foot;  and  as 
the  command  was  nearly  all  dismounted,  our  movement  was 
slow,  and  we  did  not  reach  Chattanooga  until  the  sixth.  Here 
we  turned  in  all  of  our  horses  and  mules  excepting  a  few  regi 
mental  teams,  and  they  were  driven  through  to  Nashville.  We 
lay  in  camp  at  Chattanooga  until  the  twelfth  of  November  and 
then  took  the  train  for  Nashville,  where  we  remained  one  night, 
and  then  went  on  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  wThere  we  arrived  on  the 
tenth  and  went  into  camp  out  on  the  Preston  Pike  near  Captain 
Knapp's  Garden,  long  to  be  remembered  by  every  trooper  of 
the  division  on  account  of  the  many  convivial  evenings  spent 
in  this  noted  Hostelry  with  the  ever  smiling  and  courteous  host. 
From  the  time  the  brigade  left  Columbia,  Tenn.,  May  22,  until 
we  arrived  at  Louisville,  the  command  had  been  on  the  move, 
marching,  scouting,  raiding  and  fighting,  with  scarcely  a  day  of 
rest  from  the  most  arduous  campaigning,  and  had  been  under 
fire  no  doubt  fifty  times  and  had  inarched  many  hundreds  of 
miles.  The  men  were  sadly  in  need  of  clothing,  as  they  looked 
seedy  indeed  compared  with  the  dapper  soldiers  on  duty  at 
Louisville.  General  Long  assumed  command,  and  the  work  of 
drawing  clothing,  horses,  mules,  wagons  and  equipments  was 
commenced  at  once,  and  the  division  wras  soon  equipped  and 
thoroughly  reorganized.  The  government  was  not  able  to  fur 
nish  a  sufficient  number  of  horses  as  rapidly  as  they  were  needed 
to  mount  the  command,  and  as  the  battle  of  Nashville  was  pend 
ing,  General  Wilson  ordered  General  Long  to  press  in  all  the 
serviceable  horses  in  Louisville  to  mount  his  command.  One 
morning  the  citizens  of  Louisville  awakened  from  their  slumbers 
to  find  every  street  and  pike  leading  out  of  the  city  picketed 
by  mounted  cavalrymen,  and  the  work  of  pressing  in  horses 
commenced  and  was  kept  up  several  days  and  until  the  battle 
of  Nashville  commenced.  There  was  great  consternation  among 
the  citizens  and  every  effort  was  made  to  secrete  their  valuable 
horses.  Some  were  found  in  cellars  and  in  kitchens,  anl  some 
in  parlors,  but  they  were  all  brought  forth,  as  the  Quartermas 
ters  were  unrelenting  and  claimed  it  "was  a  military  necessity," 
and  that  settled  it.  The  day  the  battle  of  Nashville  commenced 
we  were  engaged  in  pressing  horses,  and  as  shown  by  my  diary 
as  Quartermaster,  the  writer  drew  one  hundred  and  forty-six 
horses  for  the  First  Ohio.  Many  valuable  horses  were  secured, 
and  the  owners  were  given  receipts  by  the  Quartermasters,  and 
no  doubt  the  owners  received  pay  in  full.  While  the  regiment 


—211— 

was  encamped  at  Louisville  there  were  a  number  of  changes 
among  the  officers,  as  the  following  named  officers  were  mus 
tered  out  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service:  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Pattin,  Major  Frankenberger,  Lieutenant  Ferguson, 
Lieutenant  Lieb,  Captain  O'Harra,  Captain  Pickering,  Lieuten 
ant  Overly,  Lieutenant  Brison,  Lieutenant  Eoush,  Captain  Rea, 
Lieutenant  Carr,  and  Lieutenant  High. 

Among  the  officers  who  left  the  regiment  at  this  time,  as 
above  noted,  will  be  recognized  the  names  of  some  of  the  best 
officers  of  the  regiment,  who  had  been  "tried  in  the  fire  and 
were  not  found  wanting,7'  and  had  been  at  the  front  for  more  than 
three  years.  Some  of  these  officers  would  have  resigned  on  the 
Atlanta  campaign  had  we  not  been  in  the  face  of  the  enemy, 
but  on  no  account  would  they  have  left  the  regiment  when  we 
were  at  the  front.  The  reasons  for  a  number  of  these  officers 
making  request  to  be  mustered  out  was  on  account  of  the  troubles 
growing  out  of  the  court  martial  of  the  brave  and  gallant  Captain 
William  H.  Scott,  who  fell  at  Lovejoy,  August  20,  1864.  All 
of  the  facts  connected  with  the  persecution  of  this  brave  soldier 
are  well  known  to  the  old  officers  of  the  regiment,  and  as  the 
chief  actors  have  all  answered  the  last  "roll  call,"  we  will  draw 
the  mantle  of  charity  over  their  acts.  A  number  of  officers  were 
also  promoted  before  we  left  Louisville,  among  whom  were: 
Lieutenant  J.  W.  Laughlin  to  Adjutant  Quartermaster  Sergeant, 
David  H.  Hart  to  Quartermaster,  Hugh  H.  Siverd  to  Captain, 
James  W.  Kirkendall  to  Captain,  W.  L.  Curry  to  Captain,  J.  M. 
Sullenberger  to  Lieutenant,  W.  G.  Lawder  to  Captain,  Thaddeus 
Scott  to  Lieutenant,  Jonathan  Carr  to  Captain,  E.  K.  Eeese  to 
Lieutenant. 

Lieutenant  Curry  was  thrown  from  his  horse  at  Louisville 
and  severely  injured  December  21,  1864,  and  was  mustered  out 
at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  December  30,  on  account  of  his  injuries. 

The  division  remained  at  Louisville  until  December  28  and 
at  that  date  took  up  the  march  for  Nashville  well  mounted,  well 
equipped  and  anxious  to  take  the  field  again  after  a  few  weeks' 
rest.  Arriving  at  Nashville,  January  8,  1865,  joined  the  cavalry 
corps  commanded  by  General  J.  H.  Wilson.  The  division  left 
Nashville  on  the  thirteenth,  marching  through  Franklin,  Colum 
bia  and  to  Gravelly  Springs,  Ala.,  January  25.  In  February 
the  cavalry  corps  was  reorganized,  and  the  First  was  transferred 
from  the  Second  Brigade,  Second  Division,  and  brigaded  with 
the  Seventh  O.  V.  C,  (Colonel  Garrard)  and  Fifth  Iowa  (Colonel 
Young),  forming  the  Second  Brigade,  Fourth  Division,  which 
was  placed  under  the  command  of  Brigadier-General  A.  J.  Alex 
ander.  The  division  remained  at  Gravelly  Springs  until  the 
nineteenth  of  March,  drilling  and  preparing  for  the  great  cav- 
alrv  raid  on  which  thev  were  soon  to  start.  On  the  nineteenth 


—212— 

they  crossed  the  Tennessee  and  rendezvoused  with  the  balance 
of  the  corps  at  Chickasaw  Landing. 

CAVALRY   CORPS,   FOURTH    DIVISION. 

April  30,  1865. 

Artillery. 

Brevet  Major-General  Emory  Upton. 
Illinois  Light,  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery .... 

Captain  George  I.  Robinson 

First  Brigade. 

Brevet  Brigadier-General  Edward  F.  Winslow. 

Third  Iowa Colonel  John  W.  Noble 

Fourth  Iowa Lieutenant-Colonel  John  H.  Peters 

Tenth  Missouri 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Frederick  W.  Benteen 

Second  Brigade. 

Brevet  Brigadier-General  Andrew  J.  Alexander. 

Fifth  Iowa Colonel  J.  Morris  Young 

First  Ohio Colonel  Beroth  B.  Eggleston 

Seventh  Ohio Colonel  Israel  Garrard 

THE  WILSON  RAID  THROUGH  NORTHERN  ALABAMA 

AND  GEORGIA. 

March  and  April,  1865. 
By  Captain  J.  A.  O.  Yeoman,  Company  A. 

The  splendid  victory  achieved  by  Thomas  at  Nashville,  fol 
lowed  by  a  vigorous  pursuit  of  Wilson's  cavalry,  left  Hood's 
army  as  it  crossed  the  Tennessee  but  a  semblance  of  that  mag 
nificent  body  that  marched  around  Sherman's  flank,  struck  Ala- 
toona,  delivered  deadly  battle  at  Franklin,  and  planted  their 
war-worn  colors  on  the  heights  around  Nashville.  As  an  army 
it  never  appeared  again ;  but  as  broken  regiments  and  divisions 
drifted  toward  the  east  and  joined  Johnson  in  a  futile  attempt 
to  delay  the  victorious  march  of  Sherman.  There  still  lay  in 
the  Southwest  several  stragetic  points  which  had  never  been 
threatened  by  a  Union  army;  there  still  lay  fertile  vallies  that 
had  received  no  scars  from  the  war.  Selma,  Ala.,  and  Columbus, 
Ga.,  were  among  the  most  strongly  fortified  towns  of  the  South, 
and  here  were  vast  arsenals  that  furnished  the  rebel  forces  still 
in  the  field  not  only  much  needed  munitions  of  war,  but  field 
and  siege  ordnance  as  well.  It  was  the  policy  of  the  adminis 
tration  to  destroy  these,  so  that  there  should  be  no  place  to  rally 


—213— 

the  broken  and  defeated  regiment  that  might  escape  from  Grant 
and  Sherman.  To  this  task  was  assigned  Brevet  Major-General 
James  H.  Wilson,  a  young  man  of  twenty-seven,  an  active  officer 
on  Grant's  staff  for  two  or  three  years,  and  unknown  as  a  cavalry 
officer  until  he  took  command  of  Kilpatrick's  division  in  the 
spring  of  '64.  He  was  defeated  at  Keams  Station  and  came  near 
losing  his  division;  but  it  has  always  been  believed  that  it  was 
because  of  failure  of  support  there  promised  him  by  General 
Grant,  and  this  belief  wras  favored  by  the  fact  that  after  this 
defeat  he  was  promoted  and  sent  west  and  named  to  the  com 
mand  of  the  cavalry  corps  of  the  Western  Department.  He 
arrived  in  time  to  remount  the  dismounted  troops  that  had 
drifted  back  from  Sherman's  army,  and  with  marvelous  energy 
gathered  together  the  odds  and  ends  that  w^ere  there  and  welded 
them  into  the  magnificent  cavalry  command  that  turned  the 
flank  of  Hood's  army  at  Nashville  and  inflicted  the  first  day's 
defeat  upon  this  brave  but  ill-starred  General,  and  then  precip 
itated  that  defeat  into  a  rout.  He  was  sent  to  Eastport  Landing 
and  Gravelly  Springs,  Ala.,  to  mass  and  prepare  for  the  cam 
paign  the  most  magnificent  cavalry  corps  that  had  ever  served 
under  any  command  since  the  white  plume  of  Murat  carried 
Napoleon's  star  to  victory  on  many  a  fateful  field  of  Europe. 
The  First  Ohio  had  been  remounted  at  Louisville,  armed 
with  Spencers,  and  save  the  loss  of  some  of  its  veteran  soldiers 
and  some  of  its  idolized  subalterns,  had  a  higher  morale,  and 
was  in  better  trim  for  quick,  decisive  battle  than  ever  before 
in  its  history.  It  marched  overland  from  Louisville  to  Gravelly 
Springs  in  the  latter  part  of  December  and  early  January  and 
went  into  cantonments  there,  where  it  drilled  as  faithfully  as 
if  it  were  a  new  regiment  just  taking  the  field.  It  was  assigned 
to  the  brigade  of  Brevet  Brigadier-General  A.  J.  Alexander,  with 
the  Seventh  Ohio  and  Fifth  Iowa.  General  Alexander  was  a 
regular  army  officer,  a  cousin  of  General  Frank  Blair,  the  Adju 
tant-General  of  his  corps,  and  the  former  Adjutant-General  of 
the  cavalry  corps  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  under  Pleasanton. 
He  was  a  brave,  skillful,  efficient  and  thorough-going  officer. 
These  regiments  comprised  the  Second  Brigade  of  the  Fourth 
Division  Cavalry  Corps,  Military  Division  of  the  Mississippi. 
The  other  brigade  consisted  of  the  Third  and  Fourth  low^a  and 
Tenth  Missouri,  under  the  command  of  Brigadier-General  Ed- 
ward  F.  Winslow.  The  division  was  commanded  by  General 
Emery  Upton,  without  doubt  the  bravest,  most  untiring,  and 
the  greatest  natural  cavalry  soldier  the  writer  ever  served  under. 
He  was  but  twenty-seven  years  of  age,  a  Brevet  Major-General, 
and  had  received  many  a*  brevet  on  many  a  hard-fought  field 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  He  was  only  a  boy,  just  out  of 
West  Point,  when  the  war  broke  out,  a  Lieutenant  of  artillery, 
and  became  Colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Twenty-first  New 


214 

York,  then  made  a  brigade  commander.  He  commanded  his 
brigade  at  the  Bloody  Angle  in  the  Wilderness,  where  Hancock 
just  failed  of  destroying  Lee's  army.  His  brigade  lay  under 
the  works  that  they  could  not  carry  and  fired  over  four  hundred 
rounds,  exchanging  their  guns  with  those  in  the  rear  in  keeping 
down  the  rebels  from  the  works.  This  was  where  a  tree  as  thick 
as  a  man's  thigh  was  cut  off  by  musketry  alone.  Upton  himself 
was  wrounded  more  than  once;  and  of  all  the  splendid  soldiers 
of  that  magnificent  Army  of  the  Potomac  there  was  none  to 
surpass  him.  He  w^as  equally  with  Wilson  the  leading  spirit 
and  the  martial  figure  of  this  campaign.  It  was  his  division 
that  first  crossed  the  Black  Warrior,  deemed  unfordable.  It 
was  his  division  that  first  struck  Forest's  command  at  Monte- 
vallo,  drove  it  back  through  the  pine  woods  on  Randolph,  and 
the  next  day  turned  his  left  at  Plantersville  and  assured  the 
capture  of  Selma.  The  First  Ohio  in  its  last  campaign  was 
fortunate  indeed  in  having  such  division  and  brigade  Generals. 

The  Wilson's  raid  itself  stands  pre-eminent  in  the  history 
of  mounted  raids.  No  like  number  of  men,  infantry  or  cavalry, 
ever  captured  as  many  guns  and  cannon,  stormed  as  many  forti 
fied  towns,  and  effected  as  great  results  in  a  campaign  of  thirty 
days.  The  reason  that  it  has  not  received  more  consideration 
is  because  it  was  made  during  the  latter  part  of  the  war,  when 
Lee  wras  surrendering  to  Grant  at  Apponiattox,  and  Sherman 
was  striking  Johnson  unto  death  in  the  Carolinas.  It  was  cut 
off  from  all  communication  and  outside  of  its  own  command 
nobody  knew  of  the  mighty  deeds  that  were  being  performed 
by  it  until  the  war  was  over,  and  then  it  was  lost  in  the  great 
events  that  begun  with  Appomattox  and  ended  with  the  assassi 
nation  of  Lincoln. 

The  expedition  left  the  Tennessee  River  on  the  twenty-sec 
ond  of  March.  As  the  regiment  formed  at  the  "call  to  horse," 
wTith  a  premonition  of  the  brilliant  campaign  before  it,  there 
were  hundreds  of  tried  and  veteran  troopers  wrho  longed  a  little 
bit  for  some  of  their  old  commanders.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Pat- 
tin,  tried  and  true,  hard  as  a  pine  knot,  and  with  a  sword  that 
always  felt  for  the  enemy,  had  been  mustered  out  at  Louisville, 
and  in  his  place,  much  to  the  disadvantage  of  the  regiment, 
Major  Writer  was  promoted.  There  were  new  Captains  in  com 
mand  of  Companies  I,  K  and  G,  and  while  they  had  not  been 
tried  like  the  old  ones,  they  gave  a  good  account  of  themselves 
in  the  campaign.  Yet  there  was  many  a  soldier  who  felt,  and 
many  an  officer,  too,  that  he  would  have  given  much  to  have 
known  that,  riding  at  the  head  of  Company  I,  was  that 
brilliant,  dashing  soldier,  Captain  John  P.  Rea,  who  never 
counted  the  odds,  whose  eyes  sparkled  when  the  enemy  was 
ahead,  and  who  followed  him  as  the  hunter  follows  the  hounds. 
The  First  Ohio  never  had  a  better  and  more  gallant  officer  than 


—215- 

Rea;  and  if  he  had  known  what  fight  there  was  ahead,  nothing 
would  have  induced  him  to  leave  the  regiment  at  that  time. 
There  was  many  a  trooper  that  turned  in  his  saddle  and  longed 
to  see  at  the  head  of  Company  K,  erect  as  an  arrow,  cool,  confi 
dent,  tireless  and  absolutely  fearless,  Captain  Will  Curry,  who 
took  honors  without  parade  or  pomp  of  any  kind,  was  always 
as  steadfast  as  the  stars  in  their  course,  and  was  always  in  at 
the  death.  Company  G  would  have  longed  to  see,  with  his  sword 
blazing  in  their  front,  old  Erwin,  the  Tipton  Slasher,  the  man 
whose  saber  in  hand  to  hand  fight  had  tasted  the  blood  of  the 
enemy  as  often  as  that  of  any  man  in  the  regiment.  Also  those 
brave  and  well  tried  officers,  Captain  Woodlief  and  Captain 
Pickering,  whose  courage  had  been  tested  on  many  a  hard-fought 
field.  These  gallant  soldiers  had  lost  the  chief est  pleasure  of 
their  soldier  lives  in  losing  this  campaign. 

But  there  was  left  Kirkendall,  another  as  good  man  as  ever 
pulled  saber  in  front  of  a  command;  with  the  brave  and  dashing 
Captain  Siverd  and  Captain  Lawder,  both  as  true  as  steel  - 
now  both  mustered  out  and  camping  beyond  the  great  river. 
Also  Lieutenants  Ward,  Reese,  Laughlin,  Reynolds,  with  other 
tried  and  true  officers  whose  names  I  do  not  now  recall,  and 
the  old  First  Ohio  went  into  the  campaign  with  a  dash  and  spirit 
equal  to  anything  it  had  ever  shown. 

At  Jasper,  Company  A,  in  advance  of  the  regiment,  struck 
a  small  body  of  the  enemy  and  brushed  them  aside;  but  twTo 
of  its  men,  Peter  Getz  and  Wrilliam  Vincent,  in  some  manner 
becoming  separated  from  the  command,  were  captured  by  a  half 
dozen  rebels  of  the  command  whom  the  company  had  just  routed. 
They  marched  with  them  tAVO  or  three  days  when  finally,  in 
the  interior  of  Alabama,  the  rebels  sat  down  to  breakfast,  and 
Getz,  who  had  been  upon  the  outlook,  suddenly  nudged  Vincent; 
they  jumped  and  seized  the  rebels'  arms,  captured  and  paroled 
them,  and  then  rejoined  the  regiment  at  Selma.  It  had  always 
been  said  of  Getz  that  a  division  like  him  turned  loose  in  the 
Confederacy  could  have  stolen  it  poor,  and  he  seemed  to  have 
verified  on  this  occasion  in  a  small  way  what  had  been  before 
universally  said  of  him.  The  regiment  and  division  had  forded 
the  Black  Warrior  without  waiting  for  the  pontoons  on  which 
Long's  division  afterwards  crossed.  This  was  the  roughest  ford 
that  ever  was  crossed  by  a  body  of  mounted  men,  and  it  was  done 
with  the  loss  of  but  two  or  three  horses  and  one  or  two  men. 
Indeed,  the  ford  was  almost  as  rapid  where  the  division  crossed, 
and  the  guide  who  led  it  across  stripped  himself  before  crossing. 
The  river  at  this  point  was  about  three  hundred  yards  wide. 
The  ford  was  filled  with  immense  rocks,  many  of  them  four  and 
five  feet  in  height,  which  projected  above  the  water,  while  the 
greater  part  of  the  ford  itself  was  filled  with  large  slippery 
stones  that  tripped  up  many  of  the  horses,  and  left  the  men 


—216— 

standing  in  mid-stream  by  these  large  rocks,  whence  they  were 
rescued  by  their  comrades.  At  the  lower  edge  of  the  ford  there 
was  a  sudden  descent  into  deep  water,  along  which  there  was  an 
occasional  sand-bar,  but  in  most  places  so  deep  as  to  compel 
the  horses  to  swim.  The  first  of  the  column  passed  along  the 
lower  edge  of  the  ford  and  one  or  two  horses  and  men  were  swept 
over  by  the  current  and  would  have  been  drowned  but  for  one  of 
these  sand-bars.  The  brigade  then  commenced  crossing  forty 
or  fifty  yards  up  stream  through  a  roaring  rapid  that  no  man 
could  have  stemmed  alone,  and  many  a  horse  went  down.  It  was 
the  most  terrible  ford  that  the  writer  ever  saw  crossed  by 
mounted  men  in  four  years'  experience  in  mounted  warfare. 

From  here  the  division  marched  rapidly  to  the  crossing  of 
the  Cahawba  River.  The  First  Ohio,  being  in  the  front,  found 
the  ford  occupied  with  rebels.  Two  or  three  companies  forded, 
drove  them  away,  then  cut  out  and  removed  as  far  as  possible 
the  trees  which  had  been  felled  across  the  ford.  The  balance 
of  the  division  planked  the  high  railroad  bridge  and  crossed  in 
that  way,  the  ford  having  become  dangerous  by  reason  of  quick 
sands  and  the  trees  that  had  fallen  therein.  On  the  twenty-ninth 
two  companies  of  the  First  Ohio,  in  the  advance  under  the  direct 
command  of  the  Assistant  Inspector-General  of  the  brigade, 
charged  down  from  the  mountains  into  the  little  town  of  Elyton, 
just  at  dusk,  brushed  away  the  rebels,  established  pickets,  and 
waited  for  the  balance  of  the  command.  Elyton  was  then  but 
a  small  town,  and  as  these  companies  came  into  it,  it  was  sur 
rounded  by  a  mist  created  by  a  drizzling  rain,  and  the  sharp  crack 
of  the  rifles  rang  out  in  the  early  night  in  a  country  that  had 
never  before  felt  the  touch  of  war.  Elyton  is  now  the  city  of 
Birmingham,  the  center  of  the  great  iron  trade  of  the  South. 
Here  Jones  Valley  opened  before  us,  a  vision  of  peace  and  beauty 
and  plenty.  And  here  were  great  manor  houses ;  here  were  great 
barns;  here  were  long  lines  of  cabins,  where  the  farm-hands  sang 
their  songs  after  the  work  was  done  at  night-fall;  here  were 
great  granaries  filled  with  grain  for  our  tired  horses;  here  were 
great  smoke-houses  filled  with  the  finest  and  sweetest  hams 
that  a  Yankee  soldier  ever  tasted.  The  First  Ohio  being  for 
tunate  enough  to  be  in  the  advance,  it  was  but  a  short  time  until 
a  ham  swung  from  every  man's  saddle,  and  the  boys  could  be 
heard  singing  the  old  refrain,  "Who  wouldn't  sell  his  farm  and 
go  for  a  soldier?"  The  writer  thinks  that  in  some  period  of 
his  life  he  has  eaten  sweet  hams,  but  he  is  willing  to  give  the 
palm  to  those  captured  in  Jones  Valley. 

Here  Croxton's  brigade  of  McCook's  division  was  detailed 
to  capture  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  which  it  did,  flanking  and  evading 
Jackson's  division  of  Forest's  corps,  and  finally  joining  us  after 
the  campaign  was  over  near  Macon.  On  the  thirtieth  we  reached 
Montavello,  a  little  Southern  hamlet,  also  now  noted  as  being 


—217— 

one  of  the  centers  of  the  southern  iron  trade.     Here  the  men 
were  given  their  first  breathing  spell.    They  were  washing  their 
clothes  and  taking  care  of  their  horses  and  equipments,  and  pre 
paring  for  the  movement  in  the  afternoon,  when  about  ten  o'clock 
in  the  morning  Roddy's  brigade  attached  to  Forest's  command 
struck  the  pickets.    The  Fifth  Iowa  was  ordered  out  and  drove 
them  headlong  five  miles  to  the  crossing  of  a  little  creek,  which 
they  had  barricaded  with  rails  and  covered  guns.     The  First 
Ohio    was    getting   ready    for    a   flank    movement,    when    the 
rebels  reconsidered  the  matter  and  withdrew  from  the  imme 
diate  creek-crossing.     The  Fifth  Iowa  pushed  across  the  creek 
and  dismounted,  and  a  battalion  was  pushed  up  the  hill  in  the 
advance.     The  writer  of  this  was  riding  with  General  Upton 
immediately  in  the  rear  of  this  battalion;   Frank  Allen,  a  Quar 
termaster  Sergeant  of  our  regiment,  who  had  received  permission 
to  turn  the  wagons  over  to  another  Sergeant,  was  riding  with 
the  advance,  as  he  always  did  when  the  enemy  was  in  front  of  us; 
and  just  as  the  battalion  crowned  the  crest  of  a  little  hill,  from 
the  thick  brush  there  rang  out  a  sharp  volley,  cutting  the  leaves 
around  the  heads  of  the  men,  and  involuntarily  the  whole  bat 
talion  shrank  back  a  step  or  two.    But  it  was  only  for  a  moment. 
Frank  Allen,  the  darling  soldier  of  the  regiment,  mounted  on 
a  handsome  gray  horse,  received  the  fire  as  if  he  had  been  a 
statue  of  stone,  and  rode  forward  through  the  ranks  of  the  bat 
talion  as  if  he  had  never  heard  the  volley  fired.    General  Upton 
turned  to  the  wrriter  and  said:  "Splendid  soldier!    Splendid  sol 
dier!    Who  is  he?"    Upton  was  one  of  those  men  who  never  saw 
a  gallant  thing  without  admiring  it,  who  never  missed  an  oppor 
tunity  to  commend  a  gallant  act;   and  it  was  he  who,  after  the 
battle  of  Ebenezer  Church,  at  the  instance  and  request  of  the 
writer,  recommended  Frank  Allen,  then  stricken  with  a  mortal 
wound,  to  be  breveted.    Here  Alexander's  dismounted  brigade,, 
having  dislodged  the  enemy  at  this  stand,  was  withdrawn  to 
remount,  Winslow's  brigade  came  up  and  passed  to  the  front 
and  pushed  the  enemy  through  the  woods  far  into  the  night. 
The  next  morning  was  April  1.     From  our  encampment  in  the 
woods  there  lay  between  us  and  the  little  town  of  Randolph 
a  field  about  a  mile  wide.     On  the  other  side  lay  the  enemy. 
The  First  Ohio  and  General  Alexander's  brigade  again  took  the 
lead.    A  battalion  of  the  First  Ohio  wTas  ordered  out,  and  as  the 
writer  rode  out  with  it  the  gallant  little  soldier,  Upton,  said, 
"Give  them  an  April  fool  this  morning."    The  battalion  pushed 
across  the  field,  rapidly  developed  the  enemy  at  Randolph  and 
drove  him  beyond  the  town.     Here  the  roads  fork,  there  being 
two  roads  that  lead  to  Plantersville  or  Ebenezer  Church.     The 
upper  or  ridge  road  was  the  direct  road.    This  battalion  of  the 
First  Ohio  moved  out  and  engaged  Forest's  skirmishers  and 
held  the  direct  road  until  Upton's  division  had  passed  down 


—218— 

on  the  lower  Plantersville  road,  and  Long's  division  entered 
upon  the  direct  road.  Upton's  division  was  then  halted  and  the 
battalion  moved  to  the  front  along  with  the  regiment  Both 
divisions  then  advanced  simultaneously  along  the  upper  and 
lower  roads.  The  enemy  were  more  directly  concentrated  on 
the  upper  road,  but  with  the  intention  not  to  fight  until  they 
came  near  the  junction  of  the  two  roads.  Long's  skirmishers 
were  heavily  engaged  all  the  time  and  they  carried  barricade 
after  barricade  with  conspicuous  gallantry.  In  the  meantime 
Forest  had  been  planning  a  trap  in  front;  instead  of  leaving  a 
simple  rear  guard  he  massed  an  entire  brigade  and  placed  it 
so  as  to  be  practically  concealed  from  viewT,  and  reared  a  barri 
cade  in  front  wrhich  seemed  to  be  defended  by  but  a  small  number 
of  men.  Colonel  White  of  the  Seventeenth  Indiana,  who  was 
in  front,  as  soon  as  he  came  in  sight  of  the  barricade  charged 
with  the  battalion  that  was  w^ith  him,  but  as  he  came  up  to  it 
he  perceived  in  some  way  the  trap  and  ordered  fours  about.  Cap 
tain  Taylor,  of  Company  A,  a  gallant  little  soldier,  weighing  a 
little  over  one  hundred  pounds,  was  in  the  advance  with  his 
company,  and  he  either  did  not  hear  the  order  or  was  carried 
away  with  his  own  ardor,  and  he  jumped  the  barricade,  his 
company  following  him,  when  sixteen  of  them  were  shot  from 
their  saddles,  and  Taylor  himself,  seeing  a  group  of  men,  charged 
them  at  once,  realizing  that  it  was  Forest  and  his  staff.  Single- 
handed  and  alone  he  attacked  Forest  in  the  midst  of  his  staff, 
and  this  with  his  saber  only;  and  it  is  said  that  if  he  had  had  a 
sharp  saber  he  would  have  killed  that  fearless  but  brutal  cavalry 
officer.  He  disabled  his  right  arm,  cut  his  head  and  ear  with 
his  saber,  hacked  his  pistol  barrel  three  or  four  times  in  the 
fight,  until  finally  Forest  shot  him  dead.  He  said  afterwards  to 
General  Wilson,  in  an  interview  held  under  a  flag  of  truce,  that 
he  never  so  much  regretted  shooting  any  man,  as  he  was  the 
bravest  man  he  had  ever  seen. 

In  the  meantime  the  First  Ohio  was  moving  forward  rapidly, 
dismounted,  but  without  any  seeming  opposition  to  it,  being  the 
lull  which  immediately  precedes  the  storm.  The  roar  of  the 
conflict  above  alarmed  General  Alexander,  who  feared  that  For 
est  was  making  one  of  his  famous  coups  and  attempting  to  get 
a  bulge  on  the  flank,  and  he  ordered  the  First  Ohio  to  mount 
at  once,  and  ordered  a  squadron  of  the  Seventh  Ohio  to  move 
forward  rapidly  and  take  the  advance,  and  the  whole  column 
went  plunging  forward  at  a  trot.  The  squadron  under  Lieuten 
ant-Colonel  Warmalsdorf,  accompanied  by  the  Adjutant-General 
and  the  Inspector-General  of  the  brigade,  moved  forward,  and 
in  about  six  hundred  yards,  at  a  turn  of  the  road,  struck  a  rebel 
picket.  They  charged  it  immediately  through  a  little  skirt  of 
woods  in  which  it  was  stationed  out  in  the  open  and  doAvn  the 
road  about  four  hundred  yards,  when  an  entire  brigade  from  a 


—219— 

fringe  of  woods  opened  upon  it.  There  was  some  kind  of  a  shed 
beside  the  road  and  the  bullets  rattled  upon  it  like  a  hail-storm. 
The  staff  officers  attempted  to  dismount  the  men  and  hold  the 
position  until  the  First  Regiment  could  come  through  the  thicket 
and  deploy,  fearing  that  if  they  fell  back  at  once  the  enemy  in 
front  of  them  might  charge  the  oncoming  brigade  in  column 
and  double  them  up.  The  men  were  all  dismounted  except  the 
two  staff  officers  and  the  orderly  of  the  Inspector-General  and 
the  Lieutenant  commanding  the  squadron,  and  made  the  best 
show  of  fighting  they  could.  Notwithstanding  their  being  dis 
mounted,  the  First  Sergeant  of  one  company  was  killed,  the 
Second  Sergeant  was  killed,  the  Third  Sergeant  had  five  balls 
shot  into  him,  and  every  man  in  the  squadron,  with  one  excep 
tion,  was  either  killed,  wounded  or  had  his  clothes  cut.  The 
jacket  of  the  mounted  orderly,  of  the  writer,  Henry  T.  Resler, 
of  Company  A,  was  fairly  ragged;  and  he  said  to  him  after  the 
fight:  "Lieutenant,  you  owe  me  a  new  jacket/'  The  answer 
was:  "I  will  give  you  a  whole  suit  for  standing  by  me  like  you 
did  to-day." 

In  less  than  five  minutes  the  First  Ohio  had  come  on  at  a 
gallop  through  the  thicket,  deployed  rapidly,  dismounted,  and 
were  running  forward  with  their  Spencers  on  a  charge ;  the  Fifth 
Iowa  came  up  on  their  left;  and  these  two  regiments  formed 
under  the  crest  of  the  hill,  and  as  the  cheery  bugle  rang  out 
the  "Forward"  they  charged  the  guns  upon  the  crest.  It  was 
a  short,  sharp,  quick  fight,  but  it  was  all  over  in  less  than  ten 
minutes;  and  in  that  time  Taylor  was  avenged;  the  man  who 
had  killed  him  had  met  his  first  defeat  as  a  cavalry  officer  in 
many  years,  and  the  guns  that  were  planted  to  cover  the  con 
verging  roads  were  captured.  The  First  Ohio  Regiment  captured 
these  three  guns  in  the  most  brilliant  style.  Leading  the  regi 
ment  was  that  soldier  of  soldiers,  Frank  Allen.  He  captured 
one  of  the  guns  himself,  but  did  not  stop  even  for  a  moment 
to  secure  the  trophy,  but  plunged  on  after  the  flying  enemy,  and 
about  twenty  yards  beyond  the  gun  fell,  shot  through  the  abdo 
men.  The  writer  was  upon  the  left  of  the  line  and  did  not  know 
it  until  the  fight  was  over.  Then  General  Alexander  told  him 
that  his  friend,  Allen,  was  mortally  wTounded  and  in  an  ambu 
lance.  I  went  at  once  to  see  him;  told  him  of  all  the  kind  things 
that  General  Upton  and  General  Alexander  had  said  of  him, 
sought  in  every  way  to  cheer  him;  but  he  lay  there  and  said: 
"Lieutenant,  I  never  thought  of  that,  I  never  cared  for  that; 
all  that  I  ever  cared  for  was  to  do  my  duty."  I  told  him  that 
Alexander  and  Upton  had  both  promised  to  brevet  him.  He 
put  it  aside  in  words  as  if  it  were  nothing;  and  it  was  indeed 
little  to  him,  as  the  future  proved.  We  left  him  at  Selma  when 
we  moved  on,  and  he  died  of  gangrene  of  the  wound  going  up 
the  river.  I  have  never  known" a  more  brilliant  soldier;  I  have 


—220— 

never  known  a  more  lovable  man.  About  twenty  years  of  age,, 
with  curly  brown  hair,  clear  blue  eyes,  and  well  built,  he  was 
as  handsome  as  a  Greek  god.  The  writer  had  only  known  him 
in  the  year  since  he  joined  the  western  army;  but  during  that 
time,  in  all  the  campaigns  and  skirmishes,  he  had  always  seen 
Frank  Allen  in  the  front.  It  was  his  rifle  that  cracked  first 
on  the  advance  and  rang  out  last  on  the  retreat.  Handsome, 
smiling,  cool,  self-contained,  he  rode  into  the  fight  like  a  youu.u 
American  St.  George;  and  it  is  a  matter  of  love  to  speak  of 
him  as  he  was.  On  the  retreat  he  always  stayed  with  the  rear 
of  the  column.  And  as  it  moved  from  Jonesboro  to  go  toward 
the  fatal  Lovejoy  Station  on  the  Kilpatrick  raid,  I  remember 
him  as  I  moved  past  him  in  the  early  morning,  just  as  the  day 
wras  breaking  and  you  could  not  see  more  than  two  or  three 
hundred  yards  away,  how  handsome,  how  fearless,  and  yet  withal 
how  careful,  alert  and  soldierly  he  looked  to  be.  I  had  passed 
with  my  company  not  more  than  five  hundred  yards  away  at 
that  time,  when  I  heard  the  crack  of  his  rifle,  and  I  knew 
that  a  part  of  Cleburn's  division  was  pushing  our  rear  guard 
and  that  Frank  Allen  was  giving  them  his  compliments.  In 
skirmish,  picket,  foray,  or  in  the  closer  clash  of  battle,  you  could 
always  see  him  leading,  writh  his  carbine  gleaming  or  his  saber 
flashing.  Death  seemed  to  avoid  him,  and  this  handsome  and 
fearless  boy  never  was  touched  by  the  enemy  until  this  fatal 
day  near  the  close  of  the  war.  Peace  to  his  ashes.  No  man  of 
the  First  Ohio  was  more  tenderly  and  gently  beloved.  He  and 
Captain  Scott,  who  w^as  mortally  wounded  at  Lovejoy  Station, 
deserve  to  be  immortalized  in  these  pages.  To  another  pen  has 
been  assigned  the  duty  and  the  pleasure  of  paying  a  tribute  to 
Captain  Scott.  I  bring  this  little  garland  to  the  memory  of 
Frank  Allen. 

The  next  morning  the  advance  was  taken  by  Long's  division, 
and  to  it  belongs  the  principal  honor  of  the  capture  of  Selma, 
and  one  of  the  most  remarkable  feats  ever  achieved  by  mounted 
men.  Selma  lies  about  twenty  miles  from  Plantersville,  and 
it  was  late  in  the  afternoon  when  Upton's  division  drew  up  to 
the  left.  The  siege  guns  in  position  threw  shells  out  toward 
the  line  that  could  be  plainly  seen  hurtling  through  the  air. 
The  plan  of  the  attack  was  to  have  Upton  first  reconnoiter  and 
then  assault  the  left  where  the  works  rested  upon  a  swamp  and 
where  they  were  neither  so  strong  in  themselves  nor  so  well 
defended.  In  the  meantime  Long  had  invested  the  works  upon 
the  right.  Chalmer's  division  of  Forest's  army  had  not  succeeded 
in  entering  Selma  and  it  attacked  vigorously  Long's  rear.  Long 
became  apprehensive  of  this  attack  upon  the  rear  and  without 
waiting  for  Upton,  who  was  then  reconnoitering  the  left,  ordered 
a  charge.  Fifteen  hundred  men  of  his  division,  consisting  largely 
of  the  Third  and  Fourth  Ohio,  First  Pennsylvania,  and  Fourth 


—221— 

Michigan,  made  this  charge,  rushing  upon  the  works,  delivering 
volley  after  volley  from  their  Spencers  as  they  charged.  In  front 
of  the  ditch  was  a  stockade;  this  was  one  of  the  heaviest  stock 
ades  ever  placed  in  front  of  an  earthwork;  they  tore  down  this 
stockade,  scaled  the  works,  carried  them  in  a  hand-to-hand  con 
flict  and  repulsed,  General  Wilson  reports,  seven  thousand  men 
behind  these  works.  In  the  meantime  Upton,  hearing  the  fight 
upon  the  left,  ordered  his  division  in  and  it  went  in  in  columns 
of  fours  on  the  lower  Selma  road,  charged  into  the  town  and 
followed  the  rout  and  wreck  of  Forest's  army  several  miles  to 
Burnsville,  capturing  four  pieces  of  artillery  and  a  large  number 
of  wagons  and  prisoners.  This  was  the  battle  of  Selma ;  taken 
all  in  all  it  was  the  most  remarkable  feat  of  arms  ever  achieved 
by  mounted  men.  Twenty-five  per  cent,  of  the  assaulting  col 
umns  were  killed  and  wounded  in  this  assault  lasting  not  over 
twenty  minutes. 

Selma  was  a  very  important  town  of  the  Confederacy  on 
account  of  its  arsenal  and  its  position  upon  the  Alabama  River, 
and  although  in  the  interior,  it  had  been  intrenched  at  the  time 
Sherman  made  his  raid  to  Meridian  in  the  winter  of  ?63-?64, 
under  the  belief  that  Sherman  was  about  to  attack  it.  The 
writer  has  seldom  seen  stronger  entrenchments.  There  were 
mounted  on  these  entrenchments  twenty-six  pieces  of  artillery, 
most  of  them  thirty-two  pounders,  and  many  of  them  of  still 
larger  caliber.  And  it  reads  like  a  romance  that  fifteen  hundred 
dismounted  cavalry  should  have  assaulted  and  carried  these 
fortifications,  with  Forest's  cavalry  behind  them  and  commanded 
by  Forest  himself,  and  that  the  line  moved  forward  steadily 
from  the  time  the  order  was  given,  without  ever  suffering  even 
for  an  instant  a  check.  General  Wilson  reports  that  there  were 
captured  at  this  point  two  thousand  prisoners  and  twenty-six 
guns  in  position,  beside  seventy  siege-guns  in  arsenals,  and  other 
munitions  of  war.  We  remained  here  for  seven  days,  thoroughly 
destroying  the  arsenals  and  everything  that  was  advantageous 
for  the  future  conduct  of  war. 

In  the  meantime,  General  Wilson,  with  marvellous  energy, 
prepared  to  bridge  the  Alabama,  which  was  then  at  a  flood.  This 
was  practically  completed,  when  floating  logs  struck  the  pon 
toons  and  broke  them  near  the  center.  The  farther  end  from 
Selma  swung  down  the  river  with  the  leader  of  the  corps  upon 
it  and  floated  in  toward  the  bank.  On  the  other  end  General 
Upton  and  a  few  officers  and  men  of  the  First  Ohio,  holding  on 
to  the  ropes,  ran  over  the  pontoon  boats  as  the  water  came  up 
to  their  knees,  pulled  them  up  and  helped  anchor  that  end  in 
mid-stream.  It  was  a  dangerous  movement  and  a  thrilling 
moment. 

The  next  day  was  spent  in  repairing  the  same;  and  as  the 
logs  came  down  upon  the  ropes,  General  Alexander  was  in  front 


909 

with  some  men,  attempting  to  get  the  logs  away,  when  his  boat 
was  upset  and  a  log  struck  him  and  knocked  him  against  the 
pontoon  and  almost  crushed  him.  He  was  pulled  in  by  his  staff; 
and  the  two  men  in  the  boat  went  under  the  pontoon,  but  were 
picked  up  below.  The  bridge  was  broken  three  times,  but  on 
the  ninth  the  entire  corps  was  crossed,  and  on  the  morning  of 
the  tenth  Upton's  division  took  the  advance  toward  Montgomery, 
Ala.,  the  first  capitol  of  the  Confederacy.  We  entered  it  on  the 
afternoon  of  the  twelfth  day  of  April.  There  was  cotton  piled 
in  the  streets  ready  for  burning,  and  but  for  the  vigilance  of 
our  men  in  this  place,  where  secession  first  held  its  capitol,  where 
the  Confederacy  was  first  proclaimed  and  the  Confederate  gov 
ernment  was  inaugurated,  would  have  shared  the  fate  of  Colum 
bia.  We  remained  at  Montgomery  until  the  morning  of  the  four 
teenth  day  of  April,  when  our  columns  resumed  the  march 
towards  Columbus,  Ga.,  eighty-four  miles  awTay.  We  moved 
rapidly  at  about  thirty  miles  a  day  and  on  the  evening  of  the 
fifteenth  camped  at  the  little  hamlet  of  Crawford,  consisting 
of  but  two  or  three  houses  and  a  jail.  Columbus  lay  about  fifteen 
to  twenty  miles  away.  One  of  the  roads  led  directly  forward 
into  Columbus.  Another  turned  to  the  right  at  the  town  of 
Crawford  and  by  a  longer  road  reached  Columbus  by  another 
route.  Both  roads  crossed  a  deep  and  sluggish  stream  through 
a  swamp;  and  it  was  necessary  to  save  the  bridges  in  order  that 
the  column  should  not  be  delayed,  as  it  would  have  taken  some 
time  in  the  swamp  to  have  laid  our  pontoons.  General  Upton 
came  out  to  the  picket  line,  explained  the  situation  to  the  writer, 
who  at  that  time  had  the  advance,  and  charged  him  with  the 
duty  of  saving  the  bridges.  He  was  given  a  squadron  of  the 
First  Ohio  Cavalry,  and  instructed  that  the  division  would  fol 
low  at  as  rapid  a  rate  as  possible,  but  to  press  on  and  capture  the 
bridges  at  all  hazards  if  the  force  was  not  too  great.  The  pickets 
were  struck  at  the  Crawford  cross-roads,  and  immediately  took 
the  lower  or  longer  road  to  Columbus.  This  reached  the  bridge 
and  the  sw^amp  at  about  nine  miles,  instead  of  six  miles  as  on 
the  direct  road.  The  direct  road  was  guarded  by  a  large  body 
of  men;  the  upper  road  by  but  a  small  body  of  men.  As  the 
pickets  were  on  the  upper  road,  they  were  followed  by  the 
squadron,  charging  on  a  dead  run  for  nine  miles.  As  the 
head  of  the  column  reached  a  turn  in  the  road  about  three  hun 
dred  yards  from  the  bridge  there  were  but  three  men  of  the 
squadron  in  sight;  there  were  nearly  a  dozen  upon  the  bridge 
attempting  to  fire  it.  These  three  men  of  the  First  Ohio  took 
the  bridge,  put  out  the  fire,  the  men  retreating,  evidently  fearing 
that  there  was  a  larger  column  coming.  They  waited  then  for 
the  balance  of  the  squadron  to  come  up,  went  on  through  the 
swamp,  thinking  that  there  might  be  another  bridge,  and  then 
waited  at  the  further  end  of  the  swamp  for  the  division  to  appear. 


Brig.  Gen.  A.  J.  Alexander. 


—223— 

It  was  more  than  an  hour  before  General  Upton  arrived  with 
his  division,  and  complimented  the  squadron  upon  the  notable 
feat  it  had  performed. 

After  Upton's  division  came  through  it  massed  on  the  lower 
road,  leaving  Long  to  take  the  direct  road  to  Columbus.  No 
body  then  knew  the  exact  situation  as  to  the  bridges,  which 
will  be  explained  hereafter;  but  General  Upton's  blood  was  up 
and  he  ordered  out  six  companies  of  the  First  Ohio,  Colonel 
Eggleston  in  command.  While  Colonel  Eggleston  was  given 
command,  the  general  supervision  of  it  was  given  to  the  writer 
as  a  staff  officer  of  Alexander's  brigade,  and  as  we  rode  out 
Upton  said  to  us,  "Can  you  give  us  the  bridge  across  the  Chat 
tahoochee?"  We  saluted  and  said  "we  would  try."  This  col 
umn  immediately  threw  out  skirmishers  on  each  side  of  the  road 
and  went  driving  the  enemy  at  a  quick  walk  and  sometimes  at 
a  sharp  trot  along  the  road  to  Columbus  for  nearly  five  miles, 
Then  as  we  reached  the  hill  that  looked  down  on  Columbus  the 
skirmishers  were  drawn  in,  the  column  formed  by  fours,  and  a 
mile  and  a  half,  straight  away  down  the  hill,  lay  the  bridge 
across  the  Chattahoochee.  It  was  the  prize  we  sought;  could 
we  win  it?  This  was  at  the  head  of  navigation  and  a  gun-boat 
lay  under  the  banks;  but  it  was  useless  as  a  means  of  defense 
on  account  of  the  high  banks.  It  was  a  smooth  pike  and  it 
looked  like  a  beautiful  run  down  there.  As  we  reached  the  crest 
of  the  hill  and  turned  to  go  downward  we  could  see  the  upper 
bridge  across  the  Chattahoochee  and  the  railroad  bridge  that 
was  surrounded  by  a  tete-du-pont  and  formidable  earthworks, 
with  from  twenty-five  to  forty  guns  in  position.  The  writer  then 
could  not  understand  why  it  was  that  these  guns  did  not  open 
on  our  column.  The  reason  will  be  apparent  in  a  moment.  It 
looked  as  if  the  range  was  almost  perfect  and  as  if  our  column 
could  have  been  destroyed  from  these  guns  in  place.  But  not 
a  gun  was  fired,  and  it  looked  as  if  the  town  w^as  at  our  mercy. 
Colonel  Eggleston  and  the  staff  officers  placed  themselves  at 
the  head  of  this  column  of  six  companies,  the  order  was  given 
to  draw  sabers,  then  the  bugle  rang  out  the  trot,  then  the  gallop, 
then  the  wild  charge,  and  away  we  went,  straight  down  for 
Columbus.  We  had  nearly  reached  the  bridge  when  Upton, 
standing  on  the  hill,  said,  "Columbus  is  ours  without  firing  a 
shot!"  On  this  side  the  bridge  lies  the  little  town  of  Girard, 
a  suburb  of  Columbus,  composed  of  about  three  or  four  hundred 
people.  It  was  a  good  place  to  shelter  a  column  in  who  were 
attacking  Columbus,  because  it  could  not  be  reached  by  guns 
or  fired  upon  without  firing  into  the  houses  of  their  friends. 
When  within  about  six  or  seven  hundred  yards  of  the  bridge 
the  writer  turned  to  Colonel  Eggleston  and  said,  "Colonel,  I 
see  that  the  bridge  upon  the  other  side  has  three  guns  planted 
at  its  mouth,  covering  it  completely,  and  so  planted  as  to  sweep 


224 

it  from  end  to  end.  They  are  certainly  loaded  with  grape  and 
cannister,  because  they  have  not  fired  a  shot  If  we  go  on  the 
bridge  mounted,  the  first  discharge  will  cut  down  the  head  of 
the  column  and  fill  it  up  with  dead  horses,  and  it  will  be  impos 
sible  to  get  the  balance  of  the  command  over  —  the  dead  horses 
will  choke  up  the  bridge;  and  it  is  far  better  to  dismount  here, 
cross  on  foot,  and  then  be  prepared  to  hold  the  town  until  Upton 
throws  his  division  in."  Colonel  Eggleston  at  once  assented, 
ordered  a  left  oblique  on  the  impulse  of  the  moment,  and  we  rode 
in  on  the  pavement,  in  shelter  of  the  houses,  while  orders  were 
at  once  given  to  dismount  and  fight  on  foot.  While  these  prep 
arations  were  going  on,  it  was  suggested  to  throw  a  few  sharp 
shooters  at  this  end  of  the  bridge  to  cover  the  guns  and  shoot 
down  the  gunners  while  we  were  forming  in  front  of  it  for  the 
charge.  This  was  immediately  done,  and  while  the  column  was 
forming  in  the  road  ready  for  the  charge,  one  of  the  men  on 
the  bridge  shot  down  one  of  the  gunners;  as  he  fell,  he  pulled 
the  lanyard,  the  gun  was  discharged,  and  immediately  the  fianie 
from  the  gun  caught  the  bridge,  which  had  already  been  satu 
rated  with  turpentine  and  cotton,  and  in  a  moment  it  was  in 
flames  from  end  to  end.  So  quickly  did  the  flames  spread  that 
the  men  standing  at  this  end  of  the  bridge  caught  the  breath 
of  the  fire  in  their  very  faces.  This  change  in  the  method  of 
attack  saved  the  whole  battalion;  for  whatever  number  of  the 
battalion  had  attempted  to  cross  the  bridge,  no  man  would 
have  ever  gotten  out  of  it  alive.  The  bridge  itself  was  four  or 
five  hundred  yards  long.  But  more  than  this:  on  the  further 
side  of  the  bridge,  just  beyond  the  centre,  the  plank  had  been 
removed  for  about  fifty  feet;  so  it  was  intended  to  trap  the  col 
umn  and  have  it  precipitate  itself  into  the  Chattahoochee.  The 
entire  battalion  would  have  gone  down  into  the  Chattahoochee, 
which  is  here  navigable;  horses  and  men  would  have  plunged 
through  this  chasm,  repeating  on  a  smaller  but  more  terrible 
scale  the  sunken  road  of  Ohain.  The  fire  was  intended  only  for 
those  who  might  have  drawn  up  their  horses  and  otherwise 
escaped  this  death  trap. 

While  there  were  no  immediate  results  from  this  charge, 
that  it  was  made  at  all  under  the  circumstances  attested  the 
courage  and  the  morale  of  the  regiment.  In  order  to  determine 
the  character  of  this  charge  and  of  the  men  who  made  it,  it 
must  be  remembered  that  this  was  a  city  of  nearly  twelve  thou 
sand  people,  that  the  column  that  made  this  charge  knew  that 
thtere  were  two  thousand  men  defending  the  city,  either  across 
the  bridge  they  were  to  carry,  or  in  the  earthworks  that  cov 
ered  the  upper  bridge.  They  also  knew  that  they  were  moving 
by  the  flank  of  earthworks  containing  more  than  twenty-five 
guns  in  position  that  could  be  seen,  and  otherwise  equally  as 
well  manned  and  armed.  It  was  as  if  you  were  to  launch  three 


—225— 

hundred  men  alone  into  an  intrenched  camp  of  over  two  thou 
sand.  This  was  what  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  undertook  to  do. 
And  when  they  went  plunging  down  the  road  with  their  horses 
at  full  gallop  and  sabers  drawn,  every  officer  and  man  who  went 
on  that  charge  expected  to  charge  squarely  across  the  bridge 
and  into  that  town.  That  they  did  not,  and  that  they  escaped 
the  dire  calamity  and  the  terrible  trap  which  was  planned  for 
them,  was  only  a  matter  of  good  fortune,  or  rather  one  that 
came  from  an  intelligent  suggestion  of  a  better  method  and 
line  of  attack.  So  that  the  regiment  is  entitled  to  have  the 
credit  of  charging  a  fortified  town  defended  by  two  thousand 
men  with  its  nearest  support  a  mile  away.  Captain  Kirkendall, 
with  his  usual  coolness  and  gallantry,  rode  at  the  head  of  the 
column  of  Company  D. 

While  we  were  massed  in  the  town,  one  Aden  Harper,  of 
Company  D,  rode  out  of  the  little  town  of  Girard  and  across 
the  bridge  over  the  little  creek  which  separated  the  earthworks 
from  the  town  of  Girard,  and  rode  almost  up  to  the  works,  and 
then  rode  back  again.  It  was  a  gallant  and  an  inspiring  thing 
to  do. 

After  the  bridge  was  burned,  this  portion  of  the  regiment 
received  orders  from  General  Alexander  to  retire  gradually  be 
yond  the  crest  of  the  hill  and  rejoin  the  brigade  there.  This 
was  done  and  the  brigade  proceeded  to  invest  the  works  upon 
the  right.  In  the  meantime  Upton  had  prepared  to  make  an 
assault  upon  the  left.  He  had  moved  Winslow's  brigade  of  his 
division  across  the  road  and  concealed  it  in  the  woods,  expecting 
to  make  an  attack  before  nightfall;  but  unexpected  delays  in 
making  the  movement  so  retarded  it  that  the  brigade  was  not 
in  position  till  long  after  dark.  There  was  a  deep  creek,  called 
Mill  Creek,  almost  impassable,  that  lay  between  the  second  bri 
gade  and  the  enemy's  works.  This  w^as  amost  a  dry  creek,  but 
had  been  cut  down  by  storms  and  rains  in  a  soil  that  washed 
easily,  until  the  sides  were  very  abrupt,  and  it  was  almost  im 
possible  for  any  man  to  get  down  one  side  and  scale  the  other. 
Alexander  waited  till  after  nightfall  for  the  charge  to  be  made 
upon  the  left;  the  assault  being  given  there,  he  had  orders 
to  throw  our  brigade  in  on  the  right.  He  had  been  down  along 
the  front  and  thought  the  attack  had  been  abandoned,  and  had 
retired  about  six  or  seven  hundred  yards  in  the  rear  of  his  line, 
when  suddenly,  as  if  hell  itself  had  broken  loose,  we  heard  the 
rattle  and  roar  of  the  guns,  musketry  and  cannon,  and  saw  the 
flames  from  the  guns  leaping  into  the  night.  Upton  had  dis 
mounted  eleven  hundred  men,  and  himself  at  the  head,  assaulted 
the  works.  The  order  was  immediately  given  for  our  brigade 
to  advance,  but  we  found  it  almost  impossible  to  get  across  the 
ravine,  and  drifted  down  to  a  lower  crossing.  In  the  meantime 
the  guns  roared,  the  musketry  crashed,  the  flames  leaped  out 


—226— 

from  the  mouths  of  the  guns,  even  while  the  gallant  soldiers, 
of  the  First  Brigade  were  storming  over  the  enemy's  works. 
In  less  than  fifteen  minutes  from  the  beginning  of  the  assault 
Upton  himself  rode  over  the  works  with  the  eleven  hundred 
men  who  had  carried  it  against  twenty-seven  hundred  of  the 
enemy.  It  was  one  of  the  most  brilliant  assaults  in  human 
history.  Nothing  but  the  night  attack  and  the  darkness  saved 
the  assaulting  column  from  almost  absolute  destruction. 

The  result  of  this  capture  was  twenty-four  guns  in  position, 
west  of  the  upper  railroad  bridge,  and  twelve  hundred  prisoners, 
by  actual  count,  six  seven-inch  rifle  guns  on  the  iron-clad  Jack 
son,  and  forty-four  other  guns  in  addition  to  those  captured 
in  the  works,  making,  in  all,  seventy  guns. 

The  Second  Brigade,  on  account  of  the  difficult  ground  in 
front  of  it,  had  but  little  share  in  its  capture.  After  the  capture 
of  the  works  we  found  that  the  upper  bridge  had  also  been  sat 
urated  with  cotton  and  turpentine,  the  same  as  the  lower  bridge; 
but  our  men  followed  the  retreating  enemy  so  closely  that  they 
did  not  have  time  to  fire  it.  Immediately  General  Upton  placed 
an  officer  with  men  on  the  bridge,  with  orders  to  permit  not 
even  a  match  to  be  lighted  or  pipe  to  be  smoked  in  crossing 
the  bridge.  One  single  spark  of  fire  would  not  only  have  ignited 
the  bridge,  but  would  also  have  burned  every  one  of  the  men 
upon  it.  The  bridge  was  saved,  and  that  night  our  column 
crossed  into  Columbus,  for  which  we  had  gallantly  fought,  and 
fairly  won. 

In  three  days  we  had  marched  through  Montgomery,  Ga., 
to  Columbus,  a  distance  of  eighty-four  miles,  fought  a  battle, 
and  captured  a  fortified  town.  It  is  a  record  of  celerity  and 
courage  unsurppassed  in  the  annals  of  cavalry  warfare. 

We  found  at  Columbus  the  rebel  iron-clad  ram,  Jackson, 
ready  for  sea.  This  was  destroyed,  together  with  the  arsenal; 
some  ten  thousand  bales  of  cotton  were  burned;  and  on  the 
eighteenth  day  of  April  we  started  on  the  march  to  Macon,  one 
hundred  and  four  miles  distant.  Macon  was  a  fortified  town 
that  Sherman,  in  his  march  to  the  sea,  not  caring  to  fight  a 
battle  without  a  base,  avoided,  sweeping  to  the  left.  It  had  been 
thoroughly  fortified  in  view  of  the  fact  that  it  might  be  one 
of  the  points  which  Sherman  might  attack  after  the  capture 
of  Atlanta.  There  were  in  place  some  sixty  to  seventy  field 
guns.  This  was  our  next  point  of  attack. 

On  the  inarch  that  day  we  heard  for  the  first  time  of  the 
assassination  of  Lincoln  and  the  attempted  assassination  of  Mr. 
Seward.  The  men  were  in  an  ugly  mood;  and  if  we  had  had 
any  fighting  to  do,  I  doubt  but  that  the  bitterness  in  our  hearts 
would  have  been  reflected  in  less  humane  modes  of  warfare. 
It  was  a  good  thing  for  us  that  the  end  was  come,  for  many  a 


—227— 

soldier  might  have  done  a  deed  that  he  might  have  regretted 
thereafter. 

On  April  20  Lieutenant-Colonel  Frank  White,  of  the  Seven 
teenth  Indiana,  was  in  the  advance,  and  when  within  about  six 
or  seven  miles  of  Macon  he  met  a  large  body  of  troops  under 
General  Eobertson,  stating  that  General  Lee  had  surrendered 
to  General  Grant  at  Appomattox,  and  that  there  w^as  an  armis 
tice  between  General  Johnson  and  General  Sherman  and  that 
armistice  extended  to  the  troops  under  command  of  General 
Wilson.  Colonel  White  himself  did  not  know  whether  it  was 
true  or  not,  or  whether  it  might  be  a  ruse  of  the  enemy  to  delay 
the  attacking  column.  He  said,  "I  don't  know  anything  about 
that.  I  am  a  soldier,  and  my  orders  are  to  go  into  Macon,  and 
I  am  going  in.  I  will  give  that  flag  of  truce  just  five  minutes 
to  get  out  of  the  road,  and  if  it  doesn't  keep  out  of  my  way  I 
will  run  over  it."  Having  given  five  minutes,  WThite  started  the 
head  of  the  column  toward  Macon,  and  passed  the  General  who 
was  in  command  of  the  party  carrying  the  flag  of  truce  so  closely 
that  they  had  to  take  to  the  woods. 

The  enemy  not  expecting  an  attack,  and  expecting  that  the 
truce  would  be  observed  on  our  part,  did  not  prepare  for  an 
attack  until  White  charged  into  the  town.  Wilson  immediately 
followed  with  a  portion  of  his  troops.  General  Cobb  insisted 
that  this  was  a  violation  of  the  armistice  and  that  he  must  with 
draw  to  the  position  where  he  was  at  the  time  that  he  first 
heard  of  the  truce  between  Johnson  and  Sherman.  This  Wilson 
refused  to  do,  and  at  one  time  it  seemed  as  if  there  would  be 
a  collision  between  the  small  body  of  troops  that  Wilson  had 
in  Macon  and  the  troops  under  Cobb.  But  this  was  averted, 
and  the  next  day,  April  21,  Wilson  took  possession  of  Macon 
with  his  entire  cavalry  corps,  paroling  Cobb  and  his  officers; 
thus  capturing  Macon  and  ending  the  great  Wilson  raid,  that 
was,  without  parallel,  the  greatest  of  all  raids  known  to  history. 

We  captured  at  Macon  sixty  pieces  of  artillery,  three  hun 
dred  and  fifty  officers,  and  two  thousand  enlisted  men. 

If  this  mounted  expedition  had  occurred  at  any  other  time 
it  would  have  been  the  subject  of  more  favorable  comment  than 
any  other  expedition  of  mounted  soldiery  in  history.  But  it  came 
after  the  great  events  that  began  at  Petersburg,  ending  in  the 
capture  of  Lee  at  Appomattox,  the  surrender  of  Johnston  to 
Sherman,  and  the  assassination  of  Lincoln,  and  the  close  of  the 
great  wrar,  and  was  practically  lost  sight  of  by  all  except  those 
who  were  engaged  therein.  This  column  left  Chickasaw  Landing 
on  the  twenty-third  day  of  March  and  entered  Macon  on  the 
twentieth  day  of  April.  It  had  marched  during  that  time  six 
hundred  miles;  had  forded  both  branches  of  the  Black  Warrior, 
one  of  them  at  a  place  that  the  oldest  inhabitants  declared  was 
not  fordable;  one  portion  had  forded  the  Cahawba  River;  they 


—228— 

had  marched  for  three  days  over  a  sterile  and  mountainous 
country,  devoid  of  forage  for  the  horses;  they  had  fought 
at  Montevallo;  routed  the  enemy  at  Ebenezer  Church;  stormed 
and  captured  the  fortified  town  of  Selrna;  bridged  the  Alabama 
at  a  flood,  the  pontoon  bridges  being  three  times  broken  in  the 
attempt;  captured  Montgomery,  the  cradle  of  the  Confederate 
government;  stormed  the  fortified  town  of  Columbus,  and  cap 
tured  Macon. 

This  was  a  thirty  days'  campaign ;  but  we  lay  at  Selma  from 
the  second  until  the  tenth  of  April  and  spent  two  days  at  Colum 
bus,  Ga.,  making  the  actual  number  of  days  engaged  in  the 
march  twenty,  instead  of  thirty;  so  that  wre  averaged  thirty 
miles  a  day  for  the  actual  time  marching,  including  the  time 
occupied  in  fighting,  and  assaulting  these  towns.  The  First  Ohio 
in  all  its  history  has  no  more  glorious  page  than  the  part  it 
bore  in  this  great  expedition. 

GENERAL  UPTON  RECOMMENDS  AS  FOLLOWS. 

First  Lieutenant  J.  A.  O.  Yeoman,  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  and 
Acting  Assistant  Inspector-General,  Second  Brigade,  Fourth 
Division,  for  his  many  and  repeated  acts  of  gallantry  and  inde 
fatigable  courage,  energy  and  perseverance  exhibited  on  all 
occasions  during  the  campaign,  to  be  Brevet  Captain.  (Official 
Record  of  the  Rebellion,  Series  I,  Volume  XLIX,  Part  I,  Page 
477.) 

Headquarters  Second  Brigade,  Fourth  Division,  M.  D.  M., 

Macon,  Ga.,  May  3,  1865. 
Major  J.  W.  Latta,  Assistant  Adjutant-General: 

Major:  I  have  the  honor  to  request  that  First  Lieutenant 
J.  A.  O.  Yeoman,  First  Ohio  Veteran  Volunteer  Cavalry,  may 
be  brevetted  for  gallantry  in  the  charge  at  Montevallo,,  in  the 
fight  at  Ebenezer  Church,  in  the  advance  on  Columbus,  when 
he  followed  the  enemy  so  closely  with  two  men  as  to  prevent 
their  burning  the  bridges.  He  also  behaved  with  his  usual  con 
spicuous  gallantry  in  the  charge  into  Girard.  Lieutenant  Yeo 
man  is  an  officer  of  education,  a  good  disciplinarian,  and  has 
been  of  great  value  as  the  Inspector-General  of  this  brigade. 
Very  respectfully,  vour  obedient  servant, 

A.  J.  ALEXANDER, 

Brevet  Brigadier-General. 

(Indorsement.) 

Headquarters  Cavalry  Corps,  Military  Division  of 

the  Mississippi, 

Macon,  Ga.,  June  27,  1865. 

Respectfully    forwarded,    approved    and    strongly    recoru- 


—229- 

mended.    There  is  no  more  gallant  officer  in  service  than  Lieu 
tenant  Yeoman. 

J.  H.  WILSON, 
Brevet  Major-General. 

(Official  Record,  Series  I,  Volume  XLIX,  Page  502.) 

Headquarters  Cavalry  Corps,  Military  Division  of 
the  Mississippi, 

Macon,  Ga.,  May  3,  1865. 

l^o.  68.  1.  Under  the  provisions  of  the  convention  agreed 
upon  between  Major-General  Sherman  and  General  Johnson 
on  the  twenty-sixth  of  April,  Colonel  B.  B.  Eggleston,  First  Ohio 
Cavalry,  is  designated  to  receive  the  surrender  of  the  Confed 
erate  troops  at  Atlanta.  He  will  proceed  to  that  point  without 
delay  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  the  terms  of  the  convention. 

J.  H.  WILSOX, 

Major-General. 

Headquarters  U.  S.  Forces, 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  May  5,  1865. 
General  Judah,  commanding  U.  S.  Forces,  Kingston,  Ga. : 

General :  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  item  of 
news,  which  I  have  just  received  from  an  intelligent  U.  S.  soldier, 
who  has  been  for  some  time  a  prisoner.  His  name  is  Michael 
Lightner,  Fifty-fourth  Pennsylvania  Infantry.  This  soldier  left 
Washington,  Ga.,  day  before  yesterday  at  4  P.  M.  and  arrived 
here  at  12  M.  to-day.  He  states  that  Jefferson  Davis  was  at 
Washington,  Ga.,  on  the  third  and  that  he  (Davis)  left  that 
point  at  12  M.  of  the  same  day.  Said  soldier  fell  in  with  Davis 
and  his  cavalry  at  the  Catawba  River,  N.  C.,  at  the  railroad 
crossing,  where  Davis  remained  two  days.  Then  he  inarched  in 
company  with  them,  for  three  days,  passing  through  Chester- 
ville,  Abbeville,  and  thence  to  Washington.  He  represented 
Generals  Bragg  and  Breckenridge  in  company;  also  Wheeler's 
cavalry  fifteen  hundred  strong.  The  cavalry  refused  to  go  far 
ther  south  unless  paid,  whereupon  they  were  paid  $30  each  in 
gold,  with  the  promise  of  $100  each  when  they  had  crossed  the 
Mississippi  River.  He  is  supposed  to  have  $15,000,000  in  coin, 
and  wagons,  perhaps  fifty.  I  have  no  mounted  men  here  as 
yet,  but  will  have  my  regiment  to-morrow  evening. 

B.  B.  EGGLESTON, 
Colonel  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  Commanding  Post. 

Resaca,  May  6,  1865. 
Major  S.  B.  Moe,  Assistant  Adjutant-General: 

A  Sergeant  and  three  men  have  just  arrived  from  Atlanta. 
Tley  left  there  last  night.  Colonel  Eggleston,  First  Ohio  Cav 
alry,  by  order  of  General  Wilson,  reports  to  me  that  he  occupies 
the  place  with  two  companies;  rest  coming  on.  He  also  sends 


—230— 

me  a  very  interesting  communication,  which  I  will  forward  by 
mail  to-morrow,  in  which  his  informant,  an  intelligent  C.  S.  sol 
dier,  states  that  he  traveled  with  Jeff.  Davis  for  three  days, 
passing  through  Chesterville,  Aberdeen,  and  thence  to  Wash 
ington,  Ga.,  where  he  was  on  the  third.  Generals  Bragg  and 
Breckenridge  are  with  him.  Wheeler,  wTith  fifteen  hundred  cav 
alry,  was  with  him.  They  refused  to  go  farther  unless  paid. 
Davis  gave  them  $30  each,  with  promise  of  $100  more  when  they 
crossed  the  Mississippi  River.  He  is  supposed  to  have  had 
$15,000,000  with  him,  and  about  fifty  wragons.  My  information 
was  therefore  correct.  I  think  Davis  must  be  overtaken  unless 
he  drops  his  specie. 

H.  M.  JUDAH, 
Brigadier-General,  Commanding. 

Macon,  Ga.,  May  6,  1865. 
Brevet  Major-General  E.  Upton,  Augusta,  Ga.: 

Go.  ahead,  but  put  no  price  upon  his  head;  offer  simply  for 
his  apprehension  and  delivery  and  on  the  condition,  that  the 
reward  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  treasure  to  be  captured  with 
the  fugitive.  Lieutenant  Yeoman,  of  Alexander's  staff,  has  sent 
in  from  Greensborough  substantially  the  same  information  that 
you  have  obtained.  Catch  Jeff.  Davis,  if  possible,  and  act  as 
you  think  best. 

J.  H.  WILSON, 
Brevet  Major-General. 

Atlanta,  Ga.,  May  7,  1865. 
Major-General  Wilson: 

I  have  sent  Captain  Siverd,  with  three  strong  companies,  to 
Talladega;  Lieutenant  Reese,  with  two  companies,  to  Columbus; 
Captain  Krurndick,  with  one  company,  to  General  Judah;  Lieu 
tenant  Brooks,  w^ith  one  company,  to  communicate  with  Stone- 
man's  cavalry;  one  company  parolling  between  Sandtown  and 
this  point;  twro  companies  between  this  point  and  Pinckeyville, 
and  one  company  on  courier  duty.  No  movement  of  Davis  has 
been  ascertained,  later  than  your  dispatches. 

B.  B.  EGGLESTON, 
Colonel,  Commanding  Post. 

May  8,  1865. 
General  Wilson: 

General:  Lieutenant  Yeoman  says  that  Ferguson,  writh 
one  division  cavalry,  is  en  route  for  Macon  under  flag  of  truce; 
that  DibrelPs  division  is  following,  but  he-  don't  know  that  the 
latter  is  going  to  Macon.  Davis  and  cabinet  are  following  in 
rear,  with  one  hundred  picked  men  as  escort.  Yeoman  is  with 
one  of  the  parties  yet.  lie  says  that  all  passed  through  Madison 


—231— 

on  the  sixth  inst,  and  he  writes  us  from  a  point  five  miles  from 
that  place,  under  date  of  the  sixth  inst. 

WINSLOW. 

Macon,  Ga.,  May  8,  1865. 
Colonel  B.  B.  Eggleston,  Atlanta: 

Have  published  and  circulated  the  President's  proclamation 
offering  a  reward  for  Jeff.  Davis'  arrest.    Send  me  any  news  you 
may  have,  and  forward  the  following  telegram  to  General  Steed- 
man  at  Kesaca. 
Major-General  J.  B.  Steedman: 

Everything  is  on  the  lookout  for  J.  D.  His  cavalry  escort 
is  dissolved  and  he  a  fugitive,  but  in  what  direction  is  not  known. 

J.  H.  WILSON. 

Macon,  Ga.,  May  10,  1865. 
Major-General  Sherman: 

Captain  Abraham,  of  General  Upton's  division,  yesterday 
received  the  surrender  of  two  brigades  of  rebel  cavalry,  two 
thousand  strong,  at  Washington,  Ga.,  including  Generals 
Vaughn,  Dibrell,  Elzey,  Williams,  Lewis,  Gilmer  and  Lawton. 
General  Croxton  is  now  engaged  in  paroling  Ferguson's  brigade 
at  Forsyth.  The  balance  of  the  rebel  cavalry  which  started  as 
Davis'  escort  has  either  been  paroled  or  gone  home.  General 
Vaughn  told  Upton  that  he  had  received  positive  orders  to  escort 
Davis  to  the  Mississippi,  but  on  his  arrival  at  Washington,  de 
termined  to  go  no  farther.  The  money  that  Davis  had  with 
him  has  been  paid  to  his  troops  and  scattered  through  the  coun 
try  about  Washington.  Lieutenant  Yeoman,  a  very  energetic 
and  capable  officer,  reports  that  Davis  on  the  night  of  the  seventh 
tried  to  cross  the  Chattahoochee  at  Warsaw,  but  lost  his  trail. 
Yeoman  himself  crossed  the  river  at  Vining's  late  same  night; 
since  then  he  has  not  heard  from  him. 

J.  H.  WILSOK 

Headquarters  Fourth  Division  Cavalry  Corps,  Military 
Division  of  the  Mississippi, 

Edgefield,  Tenn.,  June  10,  1865. 
General  Orders  No.  21: 

Before  severing  his  connection  with  the  command,  the 
Brevet  Major-General  commanding  desires  to  express  his  high 
appreciations  of  the  bravery,  endurance  and  soldierly  qualities 
displayed  by  the  officers  and  men  of  his  division  in  the  late  cav 
alry  campaign.  Leaving  Chickasaw  on  the  twenty-second  of 
March  as  a  new  organization,  and  without  status  in  the  Cavalry 
Corps,  you  in  one  month  traversed  six  hundred  miles;  crossed 
six  rivers;  met  and  defeated  the  enemy  at  Montevallo,  captur 
ing  one  hundred  prisoners;  routed  Forest,  Buford  and  Roddy  in 
their  chosen  position  at  Ebenezer  Church,  capturing  two  guns 


—232— 

and  three  hundred  prisoners;  carried  the  works  in  your  front 
at  Selma,  capturing  thirteen  guns,  eleven  hundred  prisoners  and 
five  battle-flags,  and  finally  crowned  your  successes  by  a  night 
assault  upon  the  enemy's  intrenchments  at  Columbus,  where 
you  captured  fifteen  hundred  prisoners,  twenty-four  guns,  eight 
battle-flags,  and  vast  munitions  of  war.  April  21  you  arrived 
at  Macon,  having  captured,  on  your  march,  three  thousand  pris 
oners,  thirty-nine  pieces  of  artillery  and  thirteen  battle-flags. 
Whether  mounted  with  saber  or  dismounted  with  the  carbine, 
the  brave  men  of  the  Third,  Fourth  and  Fifth  Iowa,  First  and 
Seventh  Ohio,  and  Tenth  Missouri  Cavalry  triumphed  over  the 
enemy  in  every  conflict.  With  regiments  led  by  brave  Colonels, 
and  brigades  commanded  with  consummate  skill  and  daring, 
the  division  in  thirty  days  won  a  reputation  unsurpassed  in 
the  service.  Though  many  of  you  have  not  received  the  rewards 
your  gallantry  has  entitled  you  to,  you  have  won  the  admiration 
and  gratitude  of  your  countrymen.  You  will  return  to  your 
homes  with  the  proud  consciousness  of  having  defended  the  flag 
of  your  country  in  the  hour  of  the  greatest  national  peril,  while 
through  your  instrumentality,  liberty  and  civilization  will  have 
advanced  the  greatest  stride  recorded  in  history.  The  best 
wishes  of  vour  commanding  General  will  ever  attend  you. 

E.  UPTON. 


History  of   Companies   "A"  and  "C"  First  Ohio  Cavalry. 


A  brief  history  of  Companies  A  and  C  becomes  necessary 
to  a  complete  history  of  the  regiment  by  reason  of  the  fact  that 
their  service  up  to  the  winter  of  '64-5  was  entirely  apart  from 
that  of  the  regiment.  Company  A  was  raised  at  Washington 
C.  H.,  Ohio,  and  officered  by  Captain  John  H.  Robinson,  First 
Lieutenant  Samuel  L.  Hooker,  Second  Lieutenant  Noah  Jones. 
Company  C  was  raised  in  Cincinnati  and  was  officered  as  f  olloAvs : 
Captain,  N.  D.  Menken;  First  Lieutenant,  S.  1ST.  Stanford;  Sec 
ond  Lieutenant,  B.  R.  Kirby. 

These  were  the  first  two  companies  organized  at  Camp 
Chase;  and  in  September,  1861,  when  Lee  was  threatening  the 
troops  under  General  Eeynolds  at  Elkwater,  and  the  advanced 
posts  of  the  Union  army  in  the  Tygart  Valley  and  Cheat  Moun 
tain,  this  squadron  was  dispatched  to  West  Virginia  and  learned 
its  first  lessons  of  warfare  in  the  arduous  scouting  and  picket 
duty  that  devolved  upon  the  small  cavalry  command  attached 
to  this  portion  of  the  army  of  occupation  of  West  Virginia.  Cap 
tain  Robinson,  who  commanded  the  squadron,  was  a  man  of 
dignified  appearance,  who  had  commanded  an  expedition  across 
the  plains  in  '49.  He  had  the  entire  confidence  of  his  command 
as  well  as  of  his  superior  officers,  and  made  for  the  squadron  an 
enviable  reputation  during  the  few  months  that  he  was  in  com 
mand.  But  he  was  already  dying  with  consumption,  and  illy 
withstood  the  arduous  campaigning  that  fell  to  the  lot  of  these 
companies  in  WTest  Virginia,  and  was  compelled  to  leave  us  in 
the  spring  of  '62,  and  soon  afterwards  died  at  his  home  in  Wash 
ington  C.  H. 

First  Lieutenant  Samuel  L.  Hooker  resigned  as  early  as 
he  could,  and  Second  Lieutenant  Noah  Jones,  who  afterwards 
became  Captain,  commanded  the  company  with  signal  ability 
until  the  fall  of  '64.  Captain  John  W.  McElwain  commanded 
it  until  December,  1864,  and  Lieutenant  and  Captain  J.  A.  O. 
Yeoman  from  that  date  until  it  was  mustered  out. 


234— 

Captain  Menken,  a  daring,  handsome  and  brilliant  officer, 
resigned  in  the  early  summer  of  '62,  and  thereafter  Company  C 
was  under  the  command  of  Captain  Coon. 

The  squadron,  under  Captain  Eobinson,  first  smelled  fire 
at  an  armed  reconnoissance  against  one  of  the  Jacksons,  not 
Stonewall,  at  Greenbrier,  W.  Va.,  under  the  command  of  Gen 
eral  Reynolds,  in  October,  '62.  And  soon  thereafter  Company 
A,  with  the  gallant  Thirteenth  Indiana  under  Colonel  Sullivan, 
made  a  two  weeks'  scout  through  the  almost  impassable  moun 
tains  and  by-paths  of  West  Virginia,  under  the  lead  of  a  local 
Union  guide,  capturing  and  breaking  up  bands  of  bushwhackers 
and  guerillas. 

The  winter  of  '61-2  was  spent  at  Springfield,  near  Eomney, 
scouting  almost  daily  to  the  north  toward  Big  Cacapon  and 
Bloomery  Gap,  endeavoring  to  advise  the  command  of  a  raid 
by  Ashby's  cavalry  or  Stonewall  Jackson's  infantry  that  then 
lay  near  Winchester.  In  February,  1862,  it  fell  back  with  the 
troops  that  had  been  occupying  Eomney  to  a  station  at  Patter 
son  Creek,  W.  Va.,  on  the  line  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Eail- 
way,  and  thence  moved  northward  and  eastward  to  Pawpaw 
Tunnel. 

This  portion  of  the  army  was  at  that  time  under  the  com 
mand  of  Brigadier-General  F.  W.  Lander,  a  pioneer  Californian, 
and  a  man  of  great  courage  and  marked  individuality.  The 
squadron  was  attached  to  his  headquarters  and  acted  as  his 
personal  escort,  doing  messenger  and  other  service  in  addition 
to  the  scouting  duties  that  were  imposed  upon  it. 

Shortly  after  its  arrival  at  Pawpaw  Tunnel  a  considerable 
part  of  Lander's  forces  proceeded  north  to  Bloomery  Furnace, 
which  was  then  occupied  by  an  outlying  post  of  Jackson's  army. 
Lander  marched  to  surprise  it  with  the  First  Virginia  Loyal 
Cavalry.  Its  Colonel,  Anisansel,  was  one  of  the  foreign  adven 
turers  who  so  largely  officered  our  army  at  its  beginning  and 
were  absolutely  useless  for  any  purpose  except  to  draw  their 
pay  and  to  wear  gold  braid.  The  First  Virginia  Cavalry,  al 
though  it  afterwards  proved  itself  a  magnificent  regiment,  sig 
nally  failed  under  the  charge  of  this  chattering  Colonel,  and 
Lander  himself  brushed  them  aside  and  with  his  escort  of  the 
Ohio  squadron  captured  the  post  in  the  most  brilliant  and  dash 
ing  manner.  The  squadron  retired  to  camp  highly  elated  and 
fully  satisfied  with  its  General  and  its  own  conduct,  as  the  Gen 
eral  was  with  it. 

Some  three  days  thereafter  some  twenty  of  the  members 
of  Company  A  were  sent  out  as  a  scouting  party  to  the  scene 
of  this  action.  They  were  under  the  direct  command  of  Lieuten 
ant  Jones,  who  was  under  the  command  and  direction  of  Captain 
Fitz-James  O'Brien,  of  General  Lander's  staff.  Few  men  now 
living,  except  those  who  are  readers  of  magazines,  ever  have 


—235— 

heard  him  mentioned;  but  he  was  one  of  those  brilliant  Irish 
exiles  who  cast  their  lot  and  their  fortunes  with  the  young  re 
public,  and  Avho  in  the  ranks  of  letters  and  on  the  field  of  war 
have  done  so  much  to  elevate  and  adorn  the  history  of  the 
country  of  their  adoption.  He  was  a  brilliant  young  Irish  poet 
and  the  author  of  that  pathetic  poem,  "The  Shamrock";  and 
but  for  his  untimely  death  would  have  made  a  great  figure  in 
American  literature,  if  he  had  not  become  famous  as  an  Irish 
hero,  like  Meagher  and  Corcoran.  On  that  bright  winter  morn 
ing  as  he  was  advancing  along  the  winding  mountain  road  of 
West  Virginia,  at  a  turn  of  the  road  he  came  upon  a  cavalry 
column;  at  its  head  rode  one  of  the  most  distinguished  soldiers 
of  the  war,  on  either  side,  and  who,  but  for  an  early  death  at 
the  hands  of  Kone's  able  regiment  in  the  early  spring  of  '62, 
would  undoubtedly  have  been  a  greater  cavalry  leader  than  the 
famous  Stuart.  This  was  the  distinguished  Colonel  Ashby,  a 
man  of  aristocratic  breeding,  singular  courage,  and  a  born  cav 
alry  soldier.  As  he  and  young  O'Brien  faced  each  other  he  called 
out,  "What  troops  are  you?"  And  young  O'Brien  answered, 
"Union  troops,  God  damn  you!"  And  their  pistols  cracked  in 
the  morning  sunlight  and  O'Brien  reeled  backward  in  the  saddle 
with  a  wound  through  the  body.  The  little  scouting  party  formed 
and  received  the  first  charge  of  the  enemy,  while  O'Brien  was 
sent  to  the  rear.  It  was  a  running  fight  for  some  miles,  and 
the  jarring  of  the  horses  undoubtedly  had  its  effect  upon  the 
latter,  so  that  within  forty-eight  hours  he  was  dead. 

If  one  will  turn  to  the  pages  of  Harper's  Magazine  in  the 
early  part  of  '62,  he  will  read  some  lines  written  by  this  young 
Irish  poet  that  indicate  that  he  had  a  premonition  of  his  early 
death  upon  the  field.  And  yet  it  was  a  pity  that  he  did  not 
fall  upon  some  glorious  field  instead  of  a  lonely  scouting  expedi 
tion.  General  Lander  himself,  while  the  army  was  on  the  march 
to  Martinsburg  to  join  General  Banks  in  an  attack  upon  Win 
chester,  died  of  disease,  and  was  succeeded  by  General  James 
Shields,  one  of  the  heroes  of  the  Mexican  WTar  and  famous  for 
the  fact  that  he  survived  a  grape-shot  wound  of  such  extent 
that  a  silk  handkerchief  was  drawrn  through  his  body.  It  will 
be  remembered  of  him  in  the  early  days  when  he  and  Lincoln 
were  at  the  Illinois  bar  that  he  fell  a  victim  to  the  verse  of  some 
witty  and  mischievous  young  lady  and  challenged  the  future 
President.  That  Lincoln  bore  him  no  malice  and  that  this  did 
not  stand  in  his  way,  was  proved  by  the  fact  that  he  was  ap 
pointed  to  the  command  of  the  magnificent  division  left  vacant 
by  the  death  of  General  Lander. 

Companies  A  and  C  were  again  assigned  to  duty  at  the 
headquarters  of  General  Shields.  But  this  duty  by  no  means 
exempted  them  from  their  share  of  the  dangers  and  hard  fight 
ing  of  that  division.  Jackson,  at  the  advance  of  the  armies  under 


—236— 

Banks  and  Shields,  fell  back  beyond  Cedar  Creek;  then  Banks7 
division  received  orders  to  march  across  the  Manassa  Mountains 
to  Folinouth,  thence  to  reinforce  a  portion  of  the  army  under 
General  McClellan.  Taking  advantage  of  his  absence,  Jackson 
returned  to  fight  the  division  of  Shields.  This  movement  was 
covered  by  Ashby- s  cavalry.  And  on  the  twenty-second  of  March, 
while  reconnoitering,  General  Shields,  in  front  of  Ashby's  cav 
alry,  was  struck  by  a  piece  of  a  shell  from  one  of  his  guns,  and 
he  retired  and  turned -over  the  command  to  Colonel  Nathan  W. 
Kimball,  of  the  Fourteenth  Indiana,  who  assumed  command 
and  fought  the  battle  of  Kernstown,  sometimes  called  the  first 
battle  of  Winchester,  and  the  only  battle  in  which  Stonewall 
Jackson  was  thoroughly  beaten.  Late  in  the  afternoon  the  Ohio 
brigade,  consisting  of  the  Sixty-second,  Sixty-sixth,  Seventh  and 
Fifth  Ohio  infantry,  were  thrown  around  to  the  right  in  a  move 
ment  to  turn  Jackson's  flank.  The  Ohio  squadron  was  placed 
directly  in  the  rear  of  it.  The  brigade  struck  the  left  of  Jack 
son's  army,  stationed  behind  an  ugly  stone  wall,  and  at  the 
end  of  fifteen  or  twenty  minutes'  sharp  fighting  carried  it;  and 
a  part  of  the  squadron,  consisting  of  about  seventy-five  troopers, 
were  then  ordered  to  charge.  Before  them  lay  a  routed  army; 
to  their  rear  was  Ashby 's  cavalry  drawn  up  to  cover  the  retreat; 
a  stone  wall,  impassable  for  cavalry,  lay  in  front.  The  squadron 
was  compelled  to  charge  along  the  stone  wall  for  half  a  mile 
before  it  found  an  opening  through.  Then  it  plunged  into 
the  midst  of  this  routed  army  and  followed  Jackson's  army  until 
near  nightfall,  capturing  over  three  hundred  and  twenty-five 
prisoners. 

And  here  let  me  lay  a  little  flower  upon  the  grave  of  the 
bravest  man  I  ever  knew,  a  Captain  in  some  Virginia  regiment, 
a  mere  boy,  weighing  not  over  one  hundred  and  fifteen  pounds, 
he  turned  alone  to  face  our  column.  He  seemed  to  be  the  only 
unbeaten  man  in  that  entire  army.  As  the  advance  of  the  col 
umn  came  up  he  halted  it  and  kept  firing  shot  after  shot  until 
surrounded  by  nearly  a  dozen  men,  when  he  threw  away  his 
empty  pistol  and  pulled  his  sword  and  lunged  at  the  men  on 
horseback  with  the  fierceness  of  an  ancient  Viking.  He  fell 
before  the  shot  of  one  into  whose  side  he  was  plunging  his  sword. 
He  raised  himself  half  way  up  and  threw  his  sword  at  him  and 
then  started  to  reload  his  pistol.  One  man  hastened  to  disarm 
him  and  as  he  did  so,  the  Confederate  hero  pulled  a  ring  from 
his  finger,  giving  an  honored  Virginian  name,  and  said :  "Send 
this  to  my  mother  and  tell  her  I  died  rather  than  surrender." 
He  was  tenderly  cared  for  by  his  former  foes,  but  died  that 
night  from  four  or  five  bullet  wounds  that  he  had  received  in 
the  contest.  The  writer  has  seen  many  a  fearless  man  in  the 
midst  of  a  heated  charge  who  seemed  to  have  no  idea  of  the 


—237— 

name  of  fear  or  death;  but  he  never  before  or  since  has  seen 
a  man  in  the  midst  of  panic  and  rout  rise  so  entirely  above  it 
and  be  so  absolutely  fearless  as  this  young  Virginian  soldier. 

The  squadron  bivouacked  late  that  night,  and  in  the  morn 
ing  took  up  the  pursuit  of  Jackson's  broken  army,  which  was 
covered  by  Ashby's  cavalry,  charging  time  and  time  again  the 
squadron  of  the  Virginia  cavalier,  and  led  the  Union  forces  in 
pursuit  of  Jackson's  army,  skirmishing  constantly  up  the  valley 
with  Jackson's  rear  guard,  composed  of  Ashby's  cavalry  and 
other  troops,  driving  them  back  beyond  the  now  famous  Cedar 
Creek  and  Fisher's  Hill.  Eeturning  to  camp  at  Strasburg,  they 
were  sent  upon  a  scout  with  Colonel  D.  H.  Strother,  then  on 
Banks'  staff,  and  who  was  famous  before  the  war  as  "Porte 
Crayon,"  delineating  with  pen  and  pencil  those  delightful  papers 
in  Harper's  Magazine  known  as  "Winter  Scenes  in  the  South"; 
we  crossed  the  north  branch  of  the  Shenandoah  by  swimming, 
the  bridges  having  been  burned,  and  plunged  down  into  the  little 
town  of  Front  Royal.  Here  Company  A  drew  up  beside  the 
long,  rambling  Virginia  hotel  of  the  town;  and  as  the  writer  of 
this  sat  in  his  saddle  beside  Wm.  Price,  who  had  formerly  lived 
in  Virginia,  but  then  lived  in  Washington  C.  H.,  he  wras  aston 
ished  to  hear  a  rather  remarkable  looking  young  woman  say 
from  the  second  story,  "Why,  Billy  Price,  is  that  you  here  with 
these  nasty  Yankees?  I'll  tell  M—  -  on  you!"  She  having 
been  Price's  sweetheart  in  the  days  when  as  little  children  they 
trudged  together  to  school.  And  as  we  rode  away  I  asked  him 
who  it  was,  and  he  replied  that  it  was  Miss  Belle  Boyd;  she  was 
afterwards  known  as  the  famous  spy  who  led  Stonewall  Jack 
son's  troops  in  through  Front  Royal  to  the  rear  of  Banks. 

After  a  few  days'  rest  at  Strasburg  Shield's  division  was 
ordered  to  Falmouth,  opposite  Fredericksburg,  wrhere  McDow 
ell's  corps  then  lay,  which  was  then  under  orders  to  move  toward 
and  join  McClellan  upon  the  Peninsula.  Banks  was  left  to  en 
trench  himself  at  Strasburg  and  Front  Royal  and  hold  the  Shen- 
uandoah  and  Luray  Valleys.  Our  division  had  scarcely  reached 
Falmouth  before  wre  heard  that  Jackson,  receiving  reinforce 
ments,  had  crept  stealthily  up  the  Luray  Valley,  struck  the  First 
Maryland  Loyal  Infantry  at  Front  Royal  and  sent  Banks  broken 
and  defeated  across  the  river  to  Hancock,  Md.  This  relieved 
Richmond  for  the  time  being  and  diverted  the  column  of  Mc 
Dowell  and  Shields  from  its  flank  attack,  and  they  were  ordered 
to  the  valley  again,  toward  which  Fremont  was  already  march 
ing  from  West  Virginia  for  the  capture  of  Jackson. 

Fremont  arrived  at  Strasburg  about  the  first  of  June,  just  as 
Shield's  division  reached  Front  Royal,  and  Jackson  slipped  in 
between  the  two,  Fremont  following  up  the  Main  Valley,  and  the 
First  Ohio  squadron,  with  Shield's,  following  up  the  Luray  Val- 
lev.  Neither  Shields  nor  Fremont  were  in  communication  one 


—233— 

with  the  other  and  the  Massanutten  Mountains  lay  between 
them,  and  Company  A  was  thrown  out  through  the  gap  at  Xew 
Market  and  opened  up  communications,  unfortunately  too  late; 
for  upon  the  eighth  the  battle  of  Cross  Keys  was  fought,  and 
upon  the  ninth  the  bridge  was  wrested  from  the  First  Virginia 
Cavalry  of  Shield's  division,  and  two  of  his  brigades  under  Col 
onel  Carroll  of  the  Eighth  Ohio  wrere  badly  beaten. 

Thence  Jackson  marched  through  the  mountains,  struck 
McClellan  and  relieved  Bichrnond.  In  the  meantime  the  squad 
ron,  with  the  balance  of  the  division,  was  ordered  to  join  the 
army  which  Pope  was  then  concentrating  beyond  the  Manassas 
Mountains  for  the  protection  of  Washington.  The  squadron  was 
immediately  attached  to  Pope's  headquarters  and  took  a  very 
active  part  as  messengers,  couriers,  staff  and  general  orderlies 
in  that  most  momentous  and  tragic  campaign.  They  served  at 
the  battle  of  Cedar  or  Slaughter  Mountain  and  were  wiih  Pope 
in  his  remarkable  defense  of  the  line  of  the  Kappahannock, 
where  the  line  was  finally  turned  by  Jackson's  marching  north 
and  turning  through  the  Manassas  Mountains  and  striking  the 
line  of  Pope's  army  and  Pope's  communications  at  Briston  Sta 
tion,  near  Centerville.  They  accompanied  Pope  as  he  abandoned 
the  line  of  the  Kappahannock  and  concentrated  his  forces  on  the 
old  battle-field  of  Bull  Bun  and  accepted  battle  in  the  firm  belief 
that  he  would  be  able  to  destroy  Jackson  before  he  was  reinforced 
by  Lee.  This  he  would  no  doubt  have  done  had  it  not  been  for 
the  treachery  of  Fitz-John  Porter  and  the  inaction  and  jealousy 
of  McClellan  and  the  tardy  march  of  Franklin's  corps.  This 
turned  what  would  have  been  a  brilliant  victory  and  decisive 
victory  into  an  almost  fatal  defeat.  And  the  squadron  that  night 
was  amongst  the  last  to  fall  back  from  this  ill-fated  field,  and 
marched  with  the  defeated  army  back  to  the  defenses  of  Wash 
ington,  where  Pope  was  relieved.  Thence  it  moved  with  the 
reorganized  army  into  Maryland  and  participated  in  the  battle  of 
Antietani. 

In  the  fall  and  winter  of  '62  it  was  attached  to  StahFs  cav 
alry  and  Avas  stationed  near  Fairfax  C.  H.  while  Burnside  was 
confronting  Lee  near  Fredericksburg.  In  the  latter  part  of  May, 
1862,  Lee,  who  had  been  reorganizing  his  forces  after  the  battle 
of  Chancellorsville,  took  advantage  of  the  mustering  out  of  the 
two  years'  troops  and  the  depletion  of  the  army  at  Falmouth 
to  threaten  Washington  and  make  his  ill-fated  Pennsylvania 
campaign.  Hooker  then  performed  the  best  service  that  was 
ever  done  for  the  cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  by  giving 
it  daring  and  efficient  cavalry  leaders.  Stahl  was  replaced  by 
the  daring  Kilpatrick;  the  gallant  Captain  Farnesworth  was 
made  Brigadier-General  and  sent  to  command  one  of  the  bri 
gades;  and  the  brilliant  Custer,  then  but  a  boy  of  twenty-three, 
but.  a  magnificent  and  knightly  soldier,  to  the  command  of  the 


—239— 

other  brigade.  Then  began  the  service  upon  which  the  Ohio 
squadron  mostly  prides  itself.  They  were  attached  to  Kil 
patrick's  headquarters,  who  always,  upon  the  skirmish  line,  or 
in  a  saber  charge,  never  lost  an  opportunity  of  throwing  his 
favorite  squadron  into  the  fight  to  carry  some  part  of  the  line 
or  dislodge  some  ugly  knot  of  skirmishers.  It  was  with  him 
covering  the  front  of  Hooker's  army  while  Hooker  covered  Wash 
ington  on  that  remarkable  campaign  from  Falmouth  to  Warren- 
ton,  from  Warrenton  to  Aldie,  from  Aldie  skirting  the  entire 
Blue  Ridge  to  the  upper  Potomac,  keeping  always  in  front  of 
Lee  and  foiling  every  endeavor  of  his  to  turn  his  flank  or  thrust 
his  columns  between  him  and  Washington,  until  Lee  finally  gave 
up  the  endeavor  and  started  on  that  wild  raid  into  Maryland 
and  through  a  part  of  Southern  Pennsylvania,  burning  Cham- 
bersburg  and  threatening  Harrisburg.  The  cavalry  under  Kil- 
patrick  and  Buford  moved  rapidly  forward  to  Fredericksburg, 
Md.,  from  Fredericksburg  to  Emmetsburg,  Md.,  from  there  to 
Hanover  and  Abbotstown,  Pa.,  covering  the  front  of  Meade's 
army  and  trying  to  definitely  locate  Lee.  Here  Hooker  was  re 
lieved  and  Meade  took  command.  At  Hanover  Kilpatrick  struck 
Stuart,  who  was  absent  from  Lee's  army,  and  a  brilliant  cavalry 
fight  occurred  between  a  portion  of  Kilpatrick's  division  and  a 
part  of  Stuart's  army  in  its  very  streets,  which  ended  in  Stuart's 
repulse  and  the  capture  of  a  rebel  flag.  The  second  day  there 
after  Reynolds  and  Buford  developed  Lee's  army  in  front  of 
Gettysburg  and  opened  the  fight  on  that  glorious  and  immortal 
field.  Kilpatrick's  division  was  sent  to  our  extreme  right  at 
Hagerstown,  where  it  attacked  and  had  a  fight  with  Stuart's 
cavalry  on  the  night  of  the  second,  in  which  the  squadron,  as 
usual,  participated. 

On  the  morning  of  the  third  it  was  drawn  up  and  placed  on 
the  extreme  left  beyond  Big  Round  Top,  where  a  brigade  under 
the  gallant  but  ill-fated  Farnsworth,  charging  the  rebel  in 
fantry  behind  stone  walls,  leaving  its  brilliant  leader  dead  upon 
the  field.  After  the  charge  of  Picket's*  division  hostilities 
ceased  between  the  armies,  both  looked  after  the  dead  and 
wounded  on  the  fourth,  and  on  the  evening  of  that  day  Lee 
began  to  withdraw  through  the  mountains  toward  the  fords  of 
the  upper  Potomac.  A  portion  of  the  army  was  ordered  in 
direct  pursuit,  and  the  balance  marched  toward  Hagerstown 
with  the  intention  of  trying  to  intercept  Lee.  Near  midnight 
on  the  night  of  the  fourth  Kilpatrick's  division  overtook  one 
of  the  rear  columns  of  Lee's  army  guarding  a  wagon-train  and 
some  of  his  wounded.  It  was  at  the  summit  of  a  small  mountain, 
near  the  Pennsylvania  and  Maryland  lines,  and  at  a  point  called 
Monterey;  a  two-gun  battery  and  other  rebel  troops  were  cover- 

*Private  J.  Iy.  Thornton  was  an  orderly  for  Gen.  Hayes,  commanding  a  division  of  the  2nd 
Corps,  and  during  Pickett's  charge  behaved  with  such  extreme  gallantry  as  to  be  promoted  to  a  lieu 
tenancy  on  the  recommendation  of  Gen.  Haves. 


—240— 

ing  the  rear.  Two  different  regiments  of  Ouster's  brigade  had 
been  ordered  to  the  charge,  but  were  repulsed.  Kilpatrick  then 
ordered  the  Ohio  squadron  to  lead,  supported  by  the  First  Vir 
ginia  Union  Cavalry.  Xo  greater  test  of  men's  courage  could 
have  been  had  than  to  have  led  in  this  night  attack.  It  had 
been  raining  hard.  The  night  was  extremely  dark;  and  the 
white  turnpike  and  the  tops  of  the  white  wagons  were  all  that 
could  be  plainly  seen.  The  squadron,  under  the  lead  of  Captain 
Jones,  charged  down  the  turnpike,  received  the  fire  of  the  rear 
guard,  plunged  down  the  mountain  road  alongside  the  wagons 
and  followed  it  for  seven  miles  under  a  scattering  fire  from 
wagons  and  mountain  side  when  they  reached  the  head  of  the 
train.  They  were  loyally  supported  by  the  First  Virginia,  and 
the  balance  of  Kilpatrick's  division  followed  at  its  leisure.  This 
charge,  taking  into  account  the  darkness,  the  unknown  numbers 
and  character  of  the  foe,  was  as  brilliant  an  attack  as  was  ever 
made  within  the  history  of  mounted  warfare.  Its  net  results 
were  a  large  wagon-train  and  over  a  thousand  prisoners,  beside 
the  wounded  that  were  accompanying  the  train.  That  the  squad 
ron  escaped  with  four  or  five  killed  and  wounded  and  was  not 
annihilated  was  due  in  part  to  the  darkness  and  in  part  to  the 
demoralized  condition  of  the  enemy. 

The  squadron  was  engaged  daily  in  skirmishing  with 
the  enemy,  and  on  the  eleventh  of  July  drove  Stuart's  cavalry 
back  beyond  Hagerstown  toward  the  Potomac  Kiver.  In  the 
early  part  of  this  fight  Kilpatrick  had  formed  one  of  his  brigades 
upon  one  crest,  while  a  brigade  of  Stuart  was  upon  the  opposite 
crest;  midway  between  the  two  some  forty  or  fifty  skirmishers 
behind  a  stone  wall  were  making  it  very  hot  for  the  staff  and 
the  headquarters.  Kilpatrick  gave  Captain  Jones  an  order  to 
drive  them  out,  and  about  forty  men  of  Company  A,  under  his 
leadership,  made  a  brilliant  dash  and  drove  them  back  so  quickly 
that  they  had  not  time  to  remount,  capturing  twenty-six  of 
them  before  they  could  rejoin  the  main  body.  On  the  thirteenth 
the  squadron  operated  on  the  left  of  Lee's  army,  and  Myron 
Judy,  a  most  gallant  and  fearless  young  soldier,  about  eighteen 
years  of  age,  who  was  then  carrying  the  division  flag,  was  mor 
tally  wounded,  but  refused  to  give  up  the  colors  until  he  had 
placed  them  again  into  the  General's  own  hands. 

On  the  morning  of  the  fourteenth  it  was  found  that  Lee, 
during  the  night  time,  had  abandoned  his  entrenchments,  and 
the  cavalry  were  ordered  rapidly  to  the  front,  picking  up  strag 
glers  by  the  hundreds.  Sam  Gillespie,  the  bugler  of  Company  A, 
a  little  in  advance,  came  upon  a  single  gun  accompanied  by  a 
Sergeant  and  his  men,  which  in  some  Wiiy  had  been  stalled  or 
fallen  behind.  He  rode  up  to  the  Sergeant  and  ordered  him  to 
surrender  and  turn  around  the  gun.  The  Sergeant  said,  "What! 
six  men  surrender  to  one!"  Gillespie  said,  "If  you  don't  sur« 


—241— 

render  I  will  blow  your  brains  out!"  And  at  the  moment  the 
head  of  the  squadron  appeared  and  the  Sergeant  and  his  gunners 
surrendered  to  Gillespie. 

The  squadron  took  part  in  the  brilliant  cavalry  fight  at 
Falling  Water,  where  a  part  of  Kilpatrick's  division  in  a  mounted 
charge  captured  Pettigrew's  brigade  in  earthworks  that  was  cov 
ering  the  remnant  of  Lee's  army,  killing  its  commander  and 
taking  over  a  thousand  prisoners,  inflicting  the  last  blow  upon 
the  broken  and  defeated  army  which,  thirty  days  before,  had 
marched  with  flaunting  banners  and  gallant  tread  on  its  mis 
sion  of  insolent  invasion. 

Lee's  army  fell  back  and  entrenched  themselves  along  the 
line  of  the  Kapidan,  with  Stuart's  cavalry  in  front  of  his  army 
on  the  line  of  the  Kappahannock.  Meade's  army  occupied  the 
country  extending  from  Warrenton  to  Bristow  Station,  down 
toward  Falmouth,  with  his  cavalry  covering  our  left  toward 
Harwoocl's  Church. 

On  the  morning  of  the  thirteenth  of  September,  1863,  Bu- 
ford's  cavalry  division  crossed  at  the  Eappahannock  ford,  on 
the  line  of  the  railway,  and  Kilpatrick's  division  at  Kelly's  ford, 
seven  miles  below,  and  took  a  road  converging  toward  the  one 
taken  by  Buford  near  Brandy  Station.  As  the  division  emerged 
on  the  old  Brandy  Station  cavalry  battle-ground,  we  found  our 
old  foe  in  front  of  us,  and  it  was  then  a  strife  between  these 
two  rival  divisions  to  see  which  could  drive  the  enemy  the  fast 
est.  Buford  upon  the  right,  and  Kilpatrick  upon  the  left,  with 
cavalry  pennons  flying,  batteries  firing,  and  squadrons  charging, 
kept  the  enemy  moving  rapidly  toward  Culpepper.  Brandy  Sta 
tion  is  an  ideal  battle-ground,  and  was  fought  over  time  and 
again  by  the  rebel  and  Union  cavalry.  Culpepper  C.  H.  is  nearly 
three  miles  from  Brandy  Station.  Off  to  the  left  as  you  go 
toward  Culpepper  lies  Stevensburg,  and  about  a  mile  and  a  half 
beyond  Culpepper.  Culpepper  and  Brandy  Station  and  Stevens- 
burg  form  the  three  points  of  an  irregular  triangle.  In  the  morn 
ing,  before  reaching  Buford,  Kilpatrick  had  ordered  a  couple 
of  regiments  of  the  Michigan  brigade  to  occupy  a  point  at  or 
near  Stevensburg.  Believing  that  they  were  in  possession  of  this 
point,  and  seeing  how  rapidly  he  was  driving  the  enemy,  he  con 
ceived  the  idea  of  having  these  two  regiments  barricade  them 
selves  across  the  road  that  leads  from  Culpepper  to  the  Kapidan, 
and  to  hold  it  with  their  Spencer  rifles  while  Buford  and  the 
balance  of  his  division  charged  the  enemy  in  front.  It  was  a 
brilliant  idea,  and  if  successful,  would  have  insured  the  capture 
of  a  large  part  of  Stuart's  command,  or  its  complete  rout. 

As  we  drove  the  enemy  from  Brandy  Station  and  prepared 
for  the  final  attack  near  Culpepper  C.  H.,  he  ordered  Major  Bacon 
to  take  an  orderly  with  him  and  ride  over  to  Stevensburg  and 
order  these  two  regiments  to  throw  themselves  across  the  road 


—242— 

leading  to  Eaccoon  Ford  on  the  Eapidan,  barricade  themselves 
and  hold  it  to  the  last  extremity.  He  took  with  him,  as  an  or 
derly,  Private  Yeoman. 

After  riding  directly  toward  Stevensburg  a  mile  and  a  half 
from  our  flank,  the  Major  noticed  little  squads  of  troops  over 
in  a  field,  between  half  and  three-quarters  of  a  mile  away,  that 
seemed  to  be  facing  in  the  opposite  direction  from  that  which 
the  Michigan  troops  should  face.  He  rode  down  to  a  house  and 
asked  a  negro  whether  they  w^ere  "Johnnies.''  The  negro  laughed 
and  said,  "I  dunno,  boss."  While  the  Major  was  reconnoiteriug 
at  one  point,  his  orderly  asked  permission  to  ride  down  the  lane 
and  examine  from  that  point.  The  troops  that  they  were  first 
looking  at  were  up  to  the  right  of  the  lane  in  a  field,  and  the 
orderly  had  no  idea  that  he  was  in  any  danger  from  them,  as 
there  was  a  considerable  fence  between  them  and  a  fair  field 
behind  him  toward  our  left  flank.  As  he  rode  down  the  lane 
for  a  couple  of  hundred  yards,  watching  them,  he  suddenly 
noticed  that  there  wTere  a  couple  of  soldiers  riding  in  front  of 
him,  two  or  three  hundred  yards  ahead,  and  he  followed  along 
behind,  unable  to  ascertain  from  their  uniform  whether  they 
were  Union  or  rebel  soldiers,  as  they  had  on  blue  pants,  and  a 
mixed  blue  and  gray  uniform  of  English  cloth.  He  followed 
them  for  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  yards,  when  he  saw  them 
dismount  in  a  persimmon  thicket;  and,  lying  asleep  around 
the  smoldering  embers  of  the  morning's  fire,  were  a  half  dozen 
or  more  soldiers  in  the  well-known  butternut.  He  had  seen 
enough  and  turned  to  go  back.  But  just  as  he  turned  he  saw 
another  knot  of  about  fifteen  or  twenty  of  the  same  men  up 
on  the  hill  to  the  left,  whom  he  had  not  noticed,  and  who  were 
then  a  little  nearer  the  gap  where  he  came  in  than  he  was. 
Two  soldiers  were  coming  therefrom  directly  towrard  him.  It 
struck  him  at  once  that  they  had  come  to  see  who  he  was.  For 
tunately,  that  morning  he  had  heard  Kilpatrick  questioning  a 
prisoner  and  found  that  the  two  divisions  in  front  of  us  were 
commanded  by  Hampton  and  Eobertson.  So  he  rode  a  little 
way  toward  them,  determined  to  commence  the  cross-exami 
nation  himself  rather  than  await  it;  and  he  hallooed  out,  "Are 
you  the  pickets  of  Bobertson's  division?"  "No,"  said  they. 
"Then  you  belong  to  Hampton's?" 

"Yes,"  said  they. 

"What  in  hell  are  you  doing  here?"  said  he. 

"On  picket,"  said  they. 

"On  picket,  the  devil!  Don't  you  know  that  our  men  are 
being  driven  back  yonder  and  you  will  be  cut  off  and  nipped!" 

By  this  time  they  and  the  orderly  were  within  fifty  feet  of 
each  other.  One  of  them  replied,  as  if  still  doubting  and  ques 
tioning,  "Are  those  you'ns  men  yonder?" 

"No,"  said  the  orderly,  "they  are  God-damn  Yankees,  and 


—243— 

I  came  over  to  order  your  company  in.  Tell  the  Lieutenant  to 
take  his  company  back  immediately  upon  the  Stevensburg  road." 
"We  will,"  said  they;  and  turned  around  and  went  toward 
the  Lieutenant,  while  the  orderly  started  leisurely  over  toward 
the  gap  where  he  had  entered  the  lane,  met  the  Major  coming 
and  said  to  him:  "Major,  they  are  'Johnnies';  I  have  been  talk 
ing  with  them." 

Said  he,  "Don't  look  back!" 
"Oh,  I  have  no  business  back  there." 

Then  having  reached  a  safe  distance,  both  Major  and  orderly 
trotted  along  toward  the  gap;  when  they  reached  it  they  gal 
loped  off  and  the  Major  reported  to  General  Kilpatrick  that  he 
had  not  gone  into  Stevensburg  as  he  found  the  road  occupied 
by  a  company  of  rebel  pickets  that  he  didn't  feel  able  to  capture 
with  a  single  orderly,  and  he  thought  he  would  come  back  before 
they  captured  him. 

In  a  few  minutes  thereafter  Kilpatrick's  division,  with  the 
squadron  at  its  head,  made  a  gallant  charge  that  drove  Stuart's 
cavalry  from  Culpepper  and  down  toward  the  Rapidan. 

It  is  needless  to  say  that  they  were  not  stopped  at  Stevens 
burg,  because  the  Michigan  regiments  were  not  there. 

In  the  latter  part  of  November,  1863,  while  Grant  was  fight 
ing  at  Chattanooga,  and  Sherman  was  pounding  the  rebel  right, 
and  Hooker  was  fighting  his  battle  above  the  clouds  on  old 
Lookout,  and  Sheridan  and  Woods  were  storming  over  and  break 
ing  Bragg's  centre  at  Mission  Kidge,  Meade,  who  had  been  lying 
in  front  of  Lee's  intrenched  lines  at  the  Rapidan,  threw  his  in 
fantry  corps  across  the  river  by  one  of  its  lower  fords  in  the 
endeavor  to  force  Lee  out  of  his  intrenchments  and  compel  him 
to  give  battle.  This  was  only  partially  successful;  Lee  tem 
porarily  abandoned  the  intrenched  line  directly  in  front  of  him, 
leaving  only  his  cavalry  in  occupation  thereof,  but  Meade  found 
him  thoroughly  intrenched  at  Mine  Run,  and  refusing  battle 
except  behind  his  works.  The  cavalry  division  of  Kilpatrick, 
after  some  maneuvering,  crossed  the  Rapidan  and  occupied  the 
intrenchments  vacated  by  Lee.  The  squadron  led  in  this-opera- 
tion,  and  while  it  all  seemed  easy  at  first,  within  two  hours  we 
got  into  a  fight  with  Stuart's  cavalry,  such  as  an  Irish  enthusiast 
would  have  described  as  "perfectly  beautiful."  The  fight  and 
the  trial  of  metal  between  these  two  bodies  of  cavalry  soldiers 
was  almost  the  sole  result  of  this  movement,  for  Meade  found 
Lee's  new  line  impregnable  to  assault,  and  it  was  deemed  best 
by  him  and  his  corps  commanders  to  withdraw  to  our  old  line 
across  the  Rapidan. 

The  following  winter  Kilpatrick  conceived  the  idea  that 
Richmond  might  be  taken  and  burned  by  a  sudden  dash  on  it 
by  a  cavalry  column.  From  spies  it  was  ascertained  that  it  was 
almost  stripped  of  troops.  The  Confederate  government  relying 


—244— 

upon  Lee's  army  in  front  and  a  few  Confederate  brigades  to  the 
south  and  not  thinking  of  any  such  operations  as  that  proposed 
by  Kilpatrick,  had  withdrawn  and  sent  to  the  front  nearly  all 
the  garrison.  A  part  of  Meade's  cavalry,  supported  by  infantry, 
made  a  strong  demonstration  on  one  flank,  drawing  away  Stuart's 
cavalry,  leaving  the  road  open  for  Kilpatrick  on  the  other  flank, 
who  cut  loose  and  made  one  of  the  most  rapid  marches  on  record. 
When  his  cavalry  appeared  in  front  of  the  same  a  few  troops 
had  been  recalled  from  the  works  south  of  Richmond;  this  dis 
heartened  Kilpatrick,  but  it  is  still  believed  by  many  who  were 
with  him  that  he  might  have  been  successful,  if  he  had  not  lost 
heart  and  faith  in  the  enterprise.  Some  of  the  squadron  entered 
the  suburbs  of  Richmond  and  Jake  Miller,  a  private  of  Company 
A,  who  had  always  a  keen  eye  for  a  piece  of  rebel  horse-flesh, 
captured  a  fine  horse  in  the  outskirts. 

Kilpatrick  finally  gave  up  the  attempt,  proceeded  down  the 
peninsula,  pursued  by  rebel  cavalry  and  infantry,  which  had 
been  hastily  drawn  to  Eichmond.  He  found  the  bridges  gone 
across  some  of  the  rivers,  and  was  compelled  to  countermarch 
and  fight  the  rebel  columns,  and  was  in  an  almost  desperate 
situation  when  a  division  of  negro  troops  from  Butler  came  to 
his  rescue. 

It  was  on  this  expedition  and  in  connection  therewith  that 
Colonel  TJlric  Dahlgren,  in  command  of  a  small  party  of  cavalry, 
was  fired  on  by  rebel  bushwhackers  and  murdered.  Dahlgren 
was  a  son  of  Admiral  Dahlgren  and  one  of  the  most  chivalrous 
and  knightly  men  that  ever  rode  at  the  head  of  embattled  squad 
rons.  It  was  he  who,  with  a  small  party  of  men,  while  Lee  was 
at  Gettysburg,  captured  and  destroyed  his  pontoons  at  Williams- 
burg,  Md.,  and  forced  him,  on  his  return,  to  rebuild  the  same, 
causing  him  an  almost  fatal  delay  and  one  that  would  have 
been  fatal  had  he  been  opposed  by  a  more  enterprising  General 
than  Meade.  As  it  was,  he  crossed  his  army  during  the  night 
before  and  the  early  morning  of  the  day  that  Meade  moved  to 
assault  his  lines.  In  the  performance  of  this  brilliant  service 
Dahlgren,  who  was  then  but  a  Captain,  lost  a  leg.  When  he 
was  fired  on  and  wounded  on  this  last  fatal  expedition  one  of 
the  rebels  attempted  to  pull  off  his  boots,  when  Dahlgren,  with 
that  indomitable  courage  of  which  he  was  possessed,  resented 
the  insult,  took  off  the  wooden  leg  and  struck  the  rebel  over 
the  head  with  it,  who  then  completed  the  murder.  Here  fell  in 
this  midnight  foray  a  man  by  nature  and  a  genius  formed  for  cav 
alry  operations,  and  who,  if  he  had  lived,  would  have  been  one 
of  the  great  cavalry  leaders  of  the  war. 

In  the  spring  of  1864  General  Wilson  relieved  General  Kil 
patrick  of  the  command  of  his  division,  and  the  latter  was  sent 
WTest  to  Sherman,  and  the  squadron  which  had  been  so  long 
his  body  guard  and  the  leaders  in  many  of  his  most  brilliant 


—245— 

charges,  was  at  the  same  time  ordered  West,  and  their  history 
thereafter  became  merged  in  the  history  of  the  regiment. 

This  is  but  a  brief  and  imperfect  sketch  of  the  services  of 
this  remarkable  squadron.  It  is  written  without  memoranda, 
and  the  writer  has  had  no  opportunity  to  consult  with  his  com 
rades,  who  could  undoubtedly  refresh  his  memory  as  to  many 
heroic  events  in  which  they  were  engaged.  It  is  only  the  mosj 
notable  of  them  that  came  to  the  memory  of  the  writer  more 
than  thirty  years  thereafter  that  are  here  given.  Company  A 
was  particularly  distinguished  for  the  high  grade  of  intelligence 
pervading  its  ranks,  and  many  of  its  privates  had  left  colleges 
to  carry  sabers  in  the  defense  of  their  country;  they  served  in 
all  the  important  campaigns  of  the  valley  with  Shields  and  Lan 
der;  with  Pope  on  the  Eappahannock;  with  McClellan  at  An- 
tietam;  with  Hooker  and  Meade  on  the  Gettysburg  campaign, 
where  the  Confederate  cause  reached  high  water  mark.  Such 
confidence  was  reposed  in  them,  their  courage  and  intelligence 
by  the  Generals  for  whom  they  acted  as  escorts  and  bodyguards, 
that  they  were  used  almost  constantly  to  do  the  duty  of  staff 
officers  to  carry  orders  both  on  the  march  and  in  battle.  It  is 
doubtful  if  any  like  body  of  men  ever  performed  so  varied  and 
distinguished  services. 

LIST  OF  BATTLES  OF  COMPANIES  A  AND  C,  FIBST  OHIO 
VOLUNTEEK    CAVALKY. 

Greenbrier  .Elver,  Va October  3,  1861 

Bloomery  Gap,  Va February  14,  1862 

Kearnstown,  Va  March  23,  1862 

Port  Eepublic,  Va June  9,  1862 

Cedar  Mountain,  Va August  9,  1862 

Five  days'  battle  along  the  Bappahannock  Eiver 

August  12,  13,  14,  15  and  16,  1862 

Second  Bull  Eun,  Va August  29  and  30,  1862 

Chantilla,  Va September     1,  1862 

Antietam,  Md September  16,  1862 

Hanover,  Pa June  30,  1863 

Shepherdstown,  Pa July  1,  1863 

Gettsburg,  Pa July  1  to  4,  1863 

Monterey  Gap,  Pa July  4,  1863 

Smithtown,  Md July  5,  1863 

Boonsborough,  Md July  8  to  10,  1863 

Hagerstown,  Md July  11,  1863 

Williamsport,  Md July  14,  1863 

Falling  Waters,  Md July  14,  1863 

King  George  Co.,  Va August  24,  1863 

Brandy  Station,  Va September     6,  1863 

Culpepper  C.  H.,  Va September  12,  1863 


—246— 

James  City,  Va October  10,  1863 

Raccoon  Ford,  Va October  19,  1863 

Robinson  River,  Va October  10,  1863 

White  Sulphur  Springs,  Va October  12  and  13,  1863 

Brandy  Station,  Va October  17,  1863 

Briston  Station,  Va October  19,  1863 

Stevensburg,  Va   November  7,  1863 

Richmond  Raid,  Va February  28  to  March  4,  1864 

Nashville,  Tenn , December  16,  1864 

Wilson  Raid  through  Alabama  and  Georgia,  and  capture 

of  Jeff.  Davis March  and  April,  1865 

The  enclosed  is  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  a  truthful 
statement  of  the  principal  engagements  of  Companies  A  and  C, 
First  O.  V.  Cavalry. 

Kindly  yours, 

NOAH  JONES, 
Late  Captain  Company  A,  First  O.  V.  Cavalry. 


Reminiscences    and   Incidents    Written   by    Comrades    of   the 
Regiment — The  Capture  of  Jefferson  Davis. 


I  have  been  frequently  asked  to  write  the  history  of  the 
capture  of  Jefferson  Davis,  and  especially  that  part  pertaining 
to  the  men  under  my  command.  I  have  always  refused  on  the 
ground,  that  while  such  a  narrative  ought  to  be  made  a  part 
of  the  history  of  the  times,  if  fully  written  by  myself  it  would 
seem  to  be  too  personal;  but  in  justice  to  the  men  who  were 
under  my  command,  and  to  complete  the  history  of  the  opera 
tions  resulting  in  the  capture  of  Jefferson  Davis,  I  have  concluded 
to  write  it.  It  must  in  its  nature  be  largely  personal;  more 
so  than  I  would  desire,  but  its  complete  details  ought  to  be  given, 
and  my  excuse  for  the  narrative  and  especially  the  personal 
part  that  I  took  therein,  are  given  above. 

On  the  twenty-first  of  April,  1865,  the  great  cavalry  expedi 
tion  commanded  by  General  Wilson,  having  stormed  and  cap 
tured  the  fortified  cities  of  Selma,  Ala.,  and  Columbus,  Ga.,  occu 
pied  Mac  on,  and  there  for  the  first  time  learned  that  we  were 
playing  but  a  minor  part  in  the  great  tragedy  of  the  Civil  War, 
that  great  events  had  occurred  in  the  East,  that  Lee  had  surren 
dered  to  Grant  at  Appomattox,  and  Johnson  to  Sherman  in  the 
Carolinas.  This  was  news  to  us,  and  good  news,  too.  There 
was  only  one  thing  left  to  mar  the  happiness  of  our  command 
and  the  completeness  of  our  victories,  and  that  was  that  Davis 
himself,  with  his  cabinet,  had  escaped  from  Richmond,  evaded 
the  armies  both  of  Grantjand  Sherman,  and  were  somewhere  in 
the  Carolinas  with  a  cavalry  column  estimated  at  four  or  five 
thousand,  determined  on  making  another  stand,  if  possible,  in 
the  Southwest,  which  Wilson  had  just  rendered  impossible,  or 
on  joining  Kirby  Smith  in  the  trans-Mississippi  department. 
General  Wilson,  ever  active  and  alive  to  the  interests  of  the  Gov 
ernment,  sought  every  source  of  information  that  he  could  con 
cerning  the  probable  location  and  destination  of  the  rebel  chief. 
He  received  various  information  from  citizens  and  others  who 
arrived  at  Ma  con,  who  had  seen  Davis  at  Charlotte,  X.  C.,  a  few 
days  before. 


—248— 

On  the  morning  of  the  third  of  Ma}',  General  Alexander 
came  into  my  tent,  where  I  was  preparing  the  inspection  rolls 
of  the  brigade  for  transmission  to  corps  headquarters,  and  stated 
to  me  that  Davis  had  been  at  Charlotte,  X.  C.,  some  days  before 
and  was  supposed  to  be  at  that  time  somewhere  near  the  south 
ern  border  of  South  Carolina,  and  that  General  Wilson  had 
directed  that  six  or  seven  of  the  best  scouts  of  the  brigade  be 
sent  out  in  rebel  uniform  to  penetrate  the  rebel  lines  and  send 
information  to  the  General  commanding,  who  would  dispatch 
troops  from  the  nearest  and  most  accessible  point  to  intercept 
his  line  of  retreat  and  effect  his  capture.    I  presume  that  General 
Alexander  came  to  me  rather  than  to  any  other  of  his  staff  from 
the  fact  that  during  the  campaign  I  had  been  with  the  advance 
of  the  brigade,  which  was,  with  one  or  two  exceptions,  at  all 
times  in  the  advance  of  the  army,  and  had  had  charge  of  the 
scouts  and  was  better  personally  acquainted  with  them  than 
with  any  other.     I  took  it  as  a  mark  of  high  personal  regard 
that  I  should  have  been  first  consulted  in  the  matter;   and  after 
listening  to  him  I  said,  "General,  I  should  like  to  make  a  sugges 
tion,  if  you  please."    He  answered,  "I  will  hear  you,  Mr.  Yeo 
man."    I  said,  "As  this  is  the  last  and  most  important  service 
that  can  be  rendered  our  Government  by  Union  soldiers,  it  is 
a  matter  that  ought  not  to  be  left  entirely  to  enlisted  men.     I 
know  that  the  enlisted  men  whom  I  would  choose  are  men  of 
great  individuality,  extreme  courage,  and  loyal  to  every  call 
of  duty;  and  yet  the  very  individuality  of  the  men  would  make 
them  but  illy  brook  receiving  orders  one  from  the  other;   each 
man  whom  I  would  be  likely  to  send  would  be  very  likely  to 
have  his  own  notions  about  the  matter.     Some  officer  should 
go  who  would  have  general  charge  of  the  expedition,  whom  the 
men  had  confidence  in,  and  who  they  would  implicitly  obey;  he 
should  have  enough  men  with  him  so  that  he  wrould  be  able  at 
any  time  to  detach  some  of  them  as  couriers  to  carry  dispatches 
to  the  commanding  General,  and  in  case  Davis  should  be  found 
with  an  escort  of  not  to  exceed  one  hundred  and  fifty  to  two 
hundred  men,  to  effect  his  capture.    This  command  should  mingle 
with  the  rebel  commands,  be  under  the  command  and  eyes  of 
this  officer,  be  scattered  and  concentrated  at  his  pleasure  and 
act  as  he  might  at  the  time  determine."    He  said  to  me,  "Who 
will  go  on  an  expedition  of  that  kind?"   I  said,  "If  you  will  relieve 
me  from  the  duty  of  perfecting  these  rolls  and  assign  another 
officer  thereto,  I  myself  will  go."    He  answered,  "Eide  over  to 
General  Wilson,  explain  your  plan  to  him,  tell  him  it  meets 
my  approval,  and  that  I  will  vouch  for  you  that  the  duty  will 
be  performed  if  it  is  in  the  power  of  any  officer  to  do  it."     In 
ten  minutes  I  was  in  the  saddle,  rode  over  to  General  Wilson, 
and  told  him  my  plan.    He  smiled  and  said  he  liked  the  plan, 
but  he  said  that  he  had  never  thought  of  an  officer  commanding 


—249— 

an  alien  body  within  the  enemy's  ranks,  and  claiming  to  be  a 
part  of  their  army.  "You  will  find  it  a  very  difficult  feat  to 
perform;  and  you  understand  that  if  taken  in  rebel  uniform 
you  will  be  tried  by  drum-head  court  martial  and  executed  within 
twenty-four  hours.  So  you  see  that  it  is  a  very  dangerous  service 
and  that  you  must  not  be  taken."  I  told  him  "that  I  had  antici 
pated  all  that,  and  that  I  should,  under  no  circumstances,  be 
captured,  and  I  was  confident  that  the  men  whom  I  took  with 
me  would  avoid  capture  by  fighting  to  the  last,  if  it  came  to  a 
clash  of  arms."  He  directed  me  to  make  my  detail,  use  my  own 
judgment  in  making  the  same,  to  make  it  as  large  or  as  small 
as  I  pleased,  to  call  on  the  Quartermaster  of  the  corps  for  cap 
tured  clothing  or  any  other  thing  that  I  could  properly  use,  and 
called  in  the  Quartermaster  and  instructed  him  to  honor  any 
demands  that  I  might  make. 

I  had  never  at  any  time  in  all  my  life  performed  any  service 
that  in  any  manner  required  me  to  doff  the  Union  blue  and  encase 
myself  in  the  rebel  gray.    I  knew  that  while  spies  were  necessary 
to  the  success  of  every  army,  that  the  service  performed  by  them, 
while  extremely  hazardous  and  dangerous,  was  never  regarded 
as  highly  honorable.    But  this,  it  seemed  to  me,  was  an  unusual 
service.     To  effect  the  capture  of  the  man  who  for  years  had 
maintained  armies  in  the  field  against  the  Government  I  loved, 
who  had  been  responsible  almost  more  than  any  other  man  for 
the  original  acts  or  secession,  seemed  to  justify  to  my  youthful 
mind  at  the  time  any  ruse  that  promised  success.     I  did  not 
feel  as  if  I  were  performing  any  ordinary  scout  or  spy  service, 
or  that  there  was  anything  dishonorable  in  penetrating  in  this 
manner  the  rebel  lines  to  make  the  capture  of  Davis  certain. 
More  than  that,  I  felt  that  the  extraordinary  hazard  and  danger 
w^ould,  at  least  with  my  comrades,  compensate  for  any  feeling 
that  they  might  have  in  this  respect  as  to  the  character  of  the 
service.    The  expedition  that  I  proposed  was  unique  and  stands 
single  and  alone  of  its  kind.    Individual  scouts  and  spies  have 
been  common  in  all  species  of  warfare;  but  never  before  to  my 
knowledge  had  any  person  attempted  in  ancient  or  modern  Avar- 
fare  to  transform  an  entire  company  of  men,  penterate  the  lines 
of  the  enemy,  march  with  and  mingle  with  their  various  com 
mands  as  a  part  thereof.    But  the  magnitude  of  the  prize  justified 
the  attempt;  the  very  danger  itself,  in  requiring  an  alert  intel 
lect  and  cool  action,  made  it  fascinating.    But  much  as  such  an 
expedition  w^as  desirable,  it  would  have  been  impossible  in  any 
other  stage  of  the  war  than  that  of  which  I  am  now  writing. 
The  rebel  columns  themselves  were  rapidly  disintegrating  and 
the  few  brigades  that  had  remained  loyal  to  the  rebel  chief 
were  rapidly  breaking  up,  discipline  was  but  slightly  maintained, 
and  the  usual  precaution  but  slightly  observed.    The  first  matter 
of  importance  upon  my  return  to  brigade  headquarters  was  the 


—250— 

selection  of  the  men.  While  the  Congressional  Report  shows 
but  twenty-seven  men  with  me,  there  were  actually  thirty-three, 
as  I  now  remember  it.  Three  of  these  were  chosen  by  me  from 
the  Fifth  Iowa,  men  who  had  been  constantly  with  me  in  the 
advance,  whom  I  had  noticed  as  cool,  courageous  men,  ready 
to  undertake  any  desperate  enterprise.  Their  names  were 
Thomas  II.  Wright,  Company  E,  Fifth  Iowa,  and  two  others 
whose  names  were  unknown  to  me  at  the  time  of  making  the 
report  to  Congress,  but  who  afterwards  proved  their  identity. 
The  reason  I  do  not  know  them  all  was  that  at  the  time  of  making 
the  detail  it  was  an  oral  one,  with  no  expectation  that  their 
names  would  afterwards  be  required  for  any  purpose  what 
ever.  There  were  chosen  by  me  from  the  Seventh  Ohio:  John 
Gotts,  Corporal,  Company  E;  a  private  of  Company  L,  name 
unknown;  and  Lee  Wood,  of  Company  E,  now  a  resident  of 
Ripley,  O.,  and  one  of  the  coolest  of  all  men  of  the  command, 
and  one  who  rendered  an  important  and  distinguished  service, 
of  which  I  shall  hereafter  speak.  There  were  of  my  own  regi 
ment  twenty  seven  men,  the  names  of  many  of  whom  I  did  not 
remember,  when  called  upon  by  the  chairman  of  the  committee 
on  claims  to  make  my  report;  nor  can  I  now  give  them  in  full. 
Eight  of  them  were  from  my  own  Company  A,  and  were  as  fol 
lows: 

U.    S.    STATUTES,    VOL.    15,    PAGES    400,    402. 

"Detachment  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry  accompanying  Cap 
tain  Joseph  A.  O.  Yeoman  in  pursuit  and  capture  of  Jef 
ferson  Davis." 

George  P.  Barnes Sergeant,  Company  A 

John  H.  McElwaine Q.  M.  Sergeant,  Company  A 

Samuel  Robertson   Corporal,  Company  A 

Ripley  L.  Walm. Corporal,  Company  A 

Henry  T.  Ressler Private,  Company  A 

Samuel  J.  Rice Private,  Company  A 

Spencer  C.  Phares Private,  Company  A 

George  W.  Blair Private,  Company  A 

John  Camm Sergeant,  Company  A 

William  Hampden Private,  Company  C 

John  W.  Newlo ve Sergeant,  Company  D 

William  Power Private,  Company  D 

Bushrod  W.   Click Private,  Company  F 

Thomas  R.  Kennard Private,  Company  I 

William  Place Private,  Company  I 

John  F.  Young Private,  Company  K 

William  Van  Houten Private,  Company  F 

Robert  Peters Private,  Company  E 

John  Malone  Private,  Company  H 

William  Schwartz   Corporal,  Company  H 


—251— 

There  were  others  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  also,  whom 
I  cannot,  for  the  reasons  above  given,  now  name. 

At  least  three  of  these,  viz. :  Samuel  J.  Robertson,  George 
W.  Blair  and  Bushrod  W.  Click,  were  of  the  recruits  that  had 
entered  the  army  in  the  spring  of  1864,  and  were  but  seventeen 
years  of  age  at  most.  It  wras  a  great  compliment  to  them  to  be 
chosen;  and  I  placed  no  greater  reliance  in  any  one,  so  far  as 
mere  courage  and  the  standing  by  me  in  a  desperate  place  was 
concerned,  than  in  these  three  boys  that  were  not  beyond  the 
age  of  school-children. 

Lee  Wood,  Thomas  W.  Kennard,  John  W.  Xewlove,  Ripley 
M.  Walrn,  John  W.  McElwaine  and  Samuel  J.  Robertson  and 
John  Camm  were  among  the  most  faithful  and  loyal  of  these 
men  whom  it  wras  safe  to  say  that  better  and  more  courageous 
soldiers  never  set  foot  in  a  stirrup  or  carried  a  saber  in  a  charge. 
But  where  all  were  so  cool  and  courageous,  it  seems  invidious 
to  especially  mention  any  one. 

The  service  of  next  importance  w^as  to  prepare  the  disguise 
in  which  we  should  march,  and  determine  what  arms  and  equip 
ments  we  should  carry.  Unfortunately  for  us,  General  Upton, 
who  wras  a  very  conscientious  officer,  acting  in  the  interests  of 
the  Government,  had,  a  few  days  before,  had  every  captured 
horse  in  the  command  branded,  so  that  our  expedition  wTas  ren 
dered  more  difficult  and  dangerous  from  the  fact  that  every  man 
had  to  ride  a  horse  branded  U.  S.  We  had  nothing  but  Spencer 
rifles,  and  as  the  rebels  had  no  Spencer  rifles,  and  no  ammunition 
therefor,  it  was  thought,  in  view  of  the  fact  that  our  disguise 
at  best  was  not  as  good  as  it  should  be,  that  we  discard  rifles 
and  carry  only  our  revolvers,  and  do  w^hat  fighting  wre  might 
have  to  do,  if  any,  at  close  quarters.  There  was  another  diffi 
culty  here  because  we  could  get  no  Confederate  belts,  and  the 
U.  S.  w^as  plainly  to  be  seen  upon  the  belts  that  carried  our 
revolvers.  As  the  rebels  themselves  had  little  to  eat,  and  their 
haversacks  were  somewhat  different  from  ours,  and  seldom  con 
tained  hardtack  or  the  food  wThich  we  had,  it  was  deemed  best 
to  march  without  haversacks,  trusting  to  our  genius  for  foraging 
to  procure  supplies. 

We  found  plenty  of  rebel  clothing  amongst  the  stores  that 
we  had  captured  at  Macon.  These  were  taken  and  distributed 
amongst  the  men.  I  w^as  at  the  time  a  First  Lieutenant,  holding 
a  Captain's  commission,  however,  but  not  yet  mustered,  and  as 
I  had  been  known  simply  as  a  Lieutenant  in  the  campaign,  I 
chose  a  handsome  gray  Lieutenant's  uniform.  In  order  that  no 
wrord  might  escape  from  the  camp  and  be  borne  ahead  of  us 
by  spies  or  otherwise,  there  were  but  three  persons  wlio  knewr 
our  purpose  or  our  destination  while  w^e  were  preparing  for  the 
march;  these  were  General  Wilson,  General  Alexander,  and 
myself. 


—252— 

At  about  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  May  3  we  marched 
through  the  outposts  of  the  Wilson  cavalry  corps  on  our  hazard 
ous  expedition.  We  marched  steadily  and  passed  through  the 
little  town  of  Clinton  sometime  between  midnight  and  morning. 
It  then  became  daylight  in  that  latitude  at  about  five,  and  we 
halted  at  about  three  A.  M.  at  a  large  manor  house  to  get  some 
forage  for  our  horses.  I  knocked  at  the  door  of  the  house  and 
inquired  how  far  it  was  to  Macon,  stating  that  I  commanded 
a  company  of  the  Eighth  Kentucky  Cavalry;  asked  if  the  Yankee 
raiders  were  there,  and  said  that  I  wanted  some  forage  for  my 
horses.  This  was  given  me  rather  reluctantly;  but  I  said  I 
had  to  have  it,  and  told  them  I  would  give  them  an  order  on 
the  Quartermaster-General  of  the  Confederate  army  therefor; 
and  so  I  did.  And  if  the  good  gentleman  who  furnished  us 
the  last  feed  our  horses  had  for  two  or  three  days  still  preserves 
it,  he  has  a  beautiful  order  written  by  an  ostensible  Confederate 
Lieutenant,  receipting  to  him  for  so  much  forage  as  given  to  a 
company  of  the  Eighth  Kentucky  Confederate  Cavalry.  It  was 
not  a  very  valuable  voucher,  but  as  good  at  that  time  as  if  it 
were  genuine.  We  fed  our  horses  in  a  grove  near  the  house. 
As  the  men  had  nothing  to  eat,  they  lay  down.  Myself  and  a 
Sergeant  or  two  sat  up,  and  just  as  day  was  breaking  I  called 
them  into  line.  Then  for  the  first  time  I  told  them  the  object 
of  our  expedition;  that  it  was  given  to  us  before  any  other  troops 
in  the  army  to  effect  this  capture;  and  if  we  did  it,  we  would 
achieve  enough  of  honor  for  all  the  risks  that  we  might  take. 
I  told  them  how  I  intended  to  march,  what  I  intended  to  do ;  that 
I  expected  to  penetrate  the  rebel  columns,  and  that  if  I  found 
Davis  with  two  hundred  men  or  less,  I  expected  to  break  up 
his  column  by  a  sudden  dash,  capture  and  carry  him  off.  And 
I  said  to  them,  that  with  the  men  that  I  have  chosen  here,  and 
the  attack  coming  seemingly  from  their  own  soldiers,  I  think 
it  can  be  done.  At  least  it  will  be  tried.  If  there  are  more 
than  this  number,  I  shall  detail  some  of  you  as  messengers  to 
carry  what  actual  news  we  may  obtain  to  the  General  command 
ing,  so  that  he  may  act.  I  further  instructed  them  that  they 
were  to  be  Company  A  of  the  Eighth  Kentucky  Cavalry.  During 
the  campaign,  while  we  were  operating  against  Forest,  we  had 
captured  some  officers  from  this  regiment  and  I  knew  the  roster 
of  the  regimental  officers  thoroughly.  I  cannot  give  them  at 
this  late  date,  but  this  knowledge  served  me  well  in  an  adventure 
that  occurred  during  the  expedition,  of  which  I  shall  hereafter 
speak.  I  instructed  them  where  the  regiment  had  served;  but 
said,  as  the  regiment  and  the  brigade  (Roddy's)  with  which  it 
served,  are  hundreds  of  miles  from  here,  it  will  be  necessary  to 
say  that  we  were  detailed  a  year  or  two  ago  for  special  service 
upon  the  Coosa,  guarding  against  deserters  and  runaway  niggers, 
and  that  we  had  been  down  there  since  that  time.  I  instructed 


—253— 

them  also  that  they  must  use  the  broad  speech  so  common 
amongst  the  soldiers  of  the  South,  and  never  at  any  time  forget 
or  neglect  its  peculiarities.  I  myself  was  very  proficient  in  it, 
for  I  had  been  born  in  a  little  town  in  Southern  Ohio  that  be 
longed  to  the  old  Virginia  military  land  district  and  that  was 
settled  largely  by  Virginians  and  Kentuckians,  and  was  overrun 
with  the  Kandolph  and  other  negroes  who  had  been  fed  by  kind- 
hearted  masters  before  the  war.  Being  brought  up  amongst 
these  people  I  had  naturally  a  little  of  the  brogue,  so  with  my 
swarthy  complexion  and  the  long  hair  that  I  wore  at  that  time, 
I  made  a  fairly  passable  Confederate  officer.  General  Wilson, 
in  the  Century  for  February,  1890,  describes  my  personal  appear 
ance  in  the  following  manner: 

"This  party  was  placed  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant 
Joseph  A.  O.  Yeoman,  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  a  brave  and 
enterprising  young  officer,  at  that  time  serving  on  the  staff  of 
Alexander  as  Acting  Assistant  Inspector-General  of  Brigade. 
He  was  tall,  slender,  and  of  a  somewhat  swarthy  complexion, 
which,  with  hair  that  for  lack  of  a  barber's  services  had  grown 
long  enough  to  brush  back  of  his  ears,  and  a  Confederate  Major's 
(Lieutenant's)  brand-new  uniform,  gave  him  such  a  close  resem 
blance  to  his  erring  but  gallant  countrymen  of  the  South  that 
his  most  intimate  friend  would  not  have  suspected  him  of  being 
a  Yankee.  His  men  were  quite  as  successfully  fitted  out  in 
captured  clothing,  and  after  receiving  instructions  at  my  own 
headquarters  to  report  frequently  by  courier,  he  gaily  set  off 
on  what  afterwards  proved  to  be  a  most  successful  expedition." 

Having  given  this  explanation  to  my  men  we  resumed  the 
march  at  daybreak  and  marched  rapidly  through  Monticello 
and  reached  the  Oconee  Elver  at  Park's  Ferry  at  sundown  of 
the  fourth.  We  marched  over  the  same  road  that  was  taken 
by  one  of  Sherman's  columns  in  his  march  to  the  sea,  and  it 
is  needless  to  say  that  we  found  neither  forage  for  our  horses 
nor  food  for  ourselves;  and  only  here  and  there  was  there  a 
house  left.  In  most  places  there  were  only  chimneys  standing 
that  spoke  most  emphatically  of  the  horrors  of  war.  What  few 
women  and  children  we  saw  looked  pale  and  wasted;  and  I 
would  not  have  had  the  heart  to  have  taken  food  from  them 
if  any  could  have  been  found,  which  I  very  much  doubt.  When 
we  arrived  at  Park's  Ferry  wTe  found  it  to  consist  of  but  a  single 
ferry  boat,  capable  of  holding  only  two  men  and  two  horses  at 
a  time,  and  it  required  at  least  fifteen  or  twenty  minutes  to 
make  the  trip  and  return.  There  was  a  part  of  a  Texas  cavalry 
regiment  that  had  been  crossing  during  the  day  still  crossing 
and  lying  in  camp  near  the  ferry.  Jenkin's  Mill,  I  think  it  was, 
was  near  this  ferry.  The  officers  were  up  there.  But  as  we  had 
to  wait  some  time  in  order  to  cross,  I  avoided  conversation  as 
much  as  possible  and  remained  with  my  men  at  the  ferry.  The 


—254— 

Texas  troops  were  a  little  ugly.  For  some  reason  or  other  they 
regarded  us  with  suspicion;  not  a  great  deal,  I  think,  but  just 
enough  to  be  a  trifle  ugly;  then  they  were  beaten  and  were  going 
to  war-wasted  homes,  and  there  was  much  talk  amongst  them 
about  our  men;  they  said  something  about  coming  over  and 
taking  our  horses  away  from  us,  anyway,  it  made  no  difference 
who  we  were.  While  here,  two  of  niy  men  strayed  away  to  a 
house,  a  short  distance,  where  they  found  a  little  something 
to  eat,  and  sat  down  at  the  table  with  four  i*ebel  soldiers.  One 
of  them  was  one  of  the  best  scouts  in  the  army.  The  other  was 
a  little  indiscreet  of  tongue  and  one  of  two  men  whom  I  did 
not  personally  choose,  but  were  detailed  from  the  regiment,  and 
were  the  only  men  whom  I  could  not  absolutely  trust.  While 
at  the  table  the  conversation  turned  upon  prison  life.  One  of 
the  rebels  detailed  the  history  of  his  life  on  Kelly's  Island,  and 
another  had  been  in  prison  at  Camp  Douglas,  Chicago;  when 
my  indiscreet  fellow  spoke  up  and  said  he  had  been  in  prison, 
too,  and  he  had  suffered  a  good  deal  and  had  a  mighty  hard 
time.  One  of  the  rebels  asked  what  prison  he  had  been  in.  He 
said  Belle  Island  (a  rebel  prison).  It  was  a  stunner.  The  rebels 
looked  up  quickly  and  at  each  other  significantly.  My  other 
scout  delivered  a  vigorous  kick  under  the  table  and  looked  across 
sternly  and  quickly  at  him;  then  he  said,  "O,  I  meant  Johnson's 
Island."  This  answer,  promptly  given  in  response  to  the  kick, 
while  it  did  not  wholly  relieve  the  tension,  was  sufficient  for 
the  time  being.  The  two  men  who  had  been  very  hungry  before 
suddenly  lost  their  appetites  and,  making  some  excuse,  withdrew 
and  came  down  to  the  bank  of  the  river  where  I  was  waiting  to 
cross  the  men,  and  one  of  them  told  me  the  story.  This  was 
not  at  all  reassuring,  but  I  was  there  and  there  I  had  to  stay. 
About  nine  o'clock  I  got  control  of  the  ferry  and  began  crossing 
my  men. 

In  the  meantime  I  had  two  or  three  men  who  mingled  con 
stantly  with  the  rebels,  and  were  lying  around  in  the  rebel  camps, 
listening  to  what  they  were  saying.  About  eleven  o'clock  I 
had  about  half  my  command  across.  There  were  still  quite  a 
number  up  in  the  rebel  camps  who  were  talking  in  anything  but 
a  pleasant  strain  about  us,  and  my  men  came  over  and  said 
that  they  thought  we  would  be  attacked  pretty  soon.  By  the 
first  ferry  that  crossed  over  I  sent  to  have  all  the  men,  but  one 
or  two  who  had  crossed,  return,  leaving  their  horses  there,  as 
the  ferry  would  carry  fifteen  or  twenty  men  without  horses. 
As  our  numbers  were  constantly  diminishing  and  those  behind 
were  cumbered  with  their  horses,  I  desired  these  men  to  guard 
the  crossing  of  the  balance.  We  lay  down  on  the  sand  of  the 
river  bank  in  a  little  circle,  with  our  pistols  in  our  hands,  expect 
ing  almost  any  moment  to  be  attacked.  I  kept  watching  the 
ferry  with  the  greatest  anxiety  until  finally  the  last  of  the  horses 


—255— 

were  transported  across;  then  the  ferry  boat  came  back  and 
I  placed  the  dismounted  men  in,  and  as  I  stepped  in  the  last 
myself  and  pushed  it  off,  I  felt  a  great  relief,  knowing  that  the 
first  serious  danger  had  been  passed.  Immediately  upon  arriv 
ing  at  the  other  side  of  the  ferry  I  mounted  my  men  and  marched 
toward  Greensboro,  which  we  reached  about  three  A.  M.  From 
conversation  with  the  Texas  troops,  I  expected  at  this  point  to 
meet  some  other  commands,  and  not  caring  to  strike  them  in 
the  night  time,  I  dismounted  my  men  in  a  thicket  by  the  road 
side  and  waited  two  hours  for  the  approach  of  dawn.  As  soon 
as  it  was  daylight  we  moved  through  the  little  town  of  Greens 
boro  and  just  on  the  other  side  met  two  rebel  soldiers.  I  ad 
dressed  them  and  asked  them  what  division  they  belonged  to, 
and  they  stated,  to  DibrelPs  division  of  cavalry,  and  that  the 
brigade  to  which  they  were  attached  was  in  camp  a  few  miles 
out  on  the  road  and  would  be  along  in  a  short  time.  I  then 
asked  them  if  they  knew  where  President  Davis  was.  They 
said  that  he  was  in  Washington,  Ga.,  on  yesterday.  I  asked 
them  if  they  were  certain  of  that,  adding  that  I  had  a  message 
that  I  desired  to  carry  to  him  and  desired  to  be  absolutely  sure 
of  his  present  location.  They  stated  that  they  had  seen  him 
themselves.  Then  further  to  verify  the  statement  I  asked  if 
the  specie  wagons  were  there,  which  I  had  been  informed  were 
traveling  with  him;  and  they  said  yes,  and  that  the  troops  had 
been  given  two  months'  pay  in  coin,  and  they  showed  me  $26 
each  which  they  had  received. 

I  then  felt  absolutely  sure  of  my  ground.  I  placed  my 
men,  who  had  had  no  sleep  for  two  nights,  in  the  woods,  so  that 
they  might  not  be  interrupted  by  any  passing  column,  rode 
back  into  Greensboro,  knocked  at  a  door,  aroused  a  family  and 
asked  for  paper  and  pencil;  and  was  given  a  piece  of  paper  that 
looked  as  if  it  might  have  served  our  ancestors  of  a  hundred 
years  ago  for  wall  paper.  Upon  this  I  hurriedly  wrote  a  dis 
patch,  detailing  all  that  I  had  been  able  to  ascertain  at  that  time, 
advising  General  Wilson  of  the  exact  location  of  Davis  on  the 
fourth,  this  being  the  morning  of  the  fifth,  and  that  I  thought 
from  what  I  had  learned  from  these  and  other  parties  that  he 
intended  going  south  from  there  and  would  avoid  our  troops 
at  Macon  by  a  detour  east  thereof  and,  since  he  found  this  field 
occupied  by  Wilson's  command  and  the  road  to  the  trans-Mis 
sissippi  barred,  would  try  and  reach  the  Florida  coast,  if  not 
intercepted.  I  returned  immediately  to  my  command  and  se 
lected  therefrom  John  Gamm  and  William  Hampden,  both  of 
Company  C,  and  who  lived  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  when  enlisted. 
I  told  them  the  contents  of  the  dispatch,  so  that  if  for  any  pur 
pose  it  became  necessary  to  destroy  it,  it  might  be  delivered 
orally.  I  directed  them  to  push  their  horses  to  the  utmost  they 
could  stand,  and  if  opportunity  offered,  to  exchange  them  and 


—256— 

get  the  dispatch  in  the  hands  of  Wilson  before  daylight  next 
morning.  They  rode  back  through  the  town  of  Greensboro,  down 
to  the  Oconee  ferry,  and  were  waiting  there  to  cross  with  other 
troops,  when  for  some  reason  or  other  they  became  convinced 
that  they  were  objects  of  suspicion,  and  they  started  quietly 
down  the  river.  They  had  gotten  about  a  mile  away  when  a 
dozen  rebels  started  in  pursuit  of  them,  followed  them  down 
the  river  five  or  six  miles,  and,  threatening  to  head  them  off  in 
a  bend,  they  jumped  into  and  swam  the  Oconee  under  a  shower 
of  balls,  but  fortunately  escaped  and  reached  General  Alexander 
at  Atlanta,  wTho  immediately  telegraphed  to  General  Wilson 
at  Macon  the  contents  of  the  dispatch.  And  acting  upon  this 
dispatch  he  sent  out  Lieutenant-Colonel  Harnden,  of  the  First 
Wisconsin  Cavalry,  who  afterwards  first  struck  the  trail  of  Davis 
at  Dublin,  Georgia,  on  the  eighth  day  of  May.  After  dispatching 
these  couriers,  I  left  all  the  men  of  my  command  in  the  woods 
near  Greensboro,  with  the  exception  of  five,  w^hom  I  chose  to 
accompany  me.  One  of  these  rode  with  me,  two  a  couple  of 
hundred  yards  behind,  and  two  two  or  three  hundred  yards  be 
hind  them.  Our  object  was  to  meet  the  brigade,  which  I  had 
been  informed  was  two  or  three  miles  behind,  and  see  if  Davis 
might  not  have  come  with  it.  We  passed,  and  I  saluted  the 
officer  at  the  head  of  the  column,  had  a  few  minutes'  guarded 
conversation  with  him,  and  immediately  passed  on,  one  of  us 
taking  one  side  of  the  column  and  the  other  the  other  until 
the  entire  brigade  had  passed.  Davis  was  not  with  it,  I  de 
termined,  unless  he  might  be  in  an  ambulance;  and  while  I 
had  no  considerable  idea  that  he  was  there,  still  I  did  not  want 
to  pass  this  brigade  and  go  on  to  Washington,  Ga.,  until  I 
was  absolutely  certain  that  he  was  not  with  it. 

After  passing  the  brigade,  I  went  down  to  a  point  where 
the  roads  fork,  one  going  toward  South  Carolina,  and  the  other 
towrards  Washington,  Ga.  This  wras  about  six  miles  beyond 
Greensboro.  I  had  met  the  brigade  about  three  miles  out.  At 
the  forks  of  the  road  was  a  toll-gate,  and  about  twenty  or  thirty 
dismounted  rebel  soldiers.  I  stopped  for  a  moment  for  the  men 
who  were  in  the  rear  to  come  up.  As  the  two  men  in  the  rear 
came  up,  Lee  Wood,  who  was  one  of  them,  said  to  me:  "Lieuten 
ant,  there  has  been  a  man  following  us  ever  since,  we  left  that 
brigade.  He  has  kept  about  the  same  distance  behind  us, 
and  now  that  we  have  halted,  he  has  also  halted  under  the  tree 
up  yonder,"  pointing  to  him.  I  looked  and  saw  a  man  sitting  on 
his  horse  under  the  tree  about  eight  hundred  yards  away.  T 
knew  that  Wood  was  one  of  the  coolest  men  in  the  world,  not 
likely  to  be  rattled;  but  I  saw  he  was  greatly  worried.  At  the 
time  I  did  not  think  it  a  matter  of  much  importance  myself;  I 
laughed  and  said,  "I  don't  think  it  amounts  to  much,"  jumped 
off  inv  horse  and  talked  to  the  rebel  soldiers  five  or  ten  minute?. 


—257— 

The  six  of  us  then  turned  back  toward  Greensboro  together; 
the  horseman  still  remained  under  the  tree,  and  as  we  cani^ 
near  him  I  saw  he  was  a  man  of  very  distinguished  figure,  finely 
mounted,  and  with  a  handsome  gray  uniform.  There  was  noth 
ing  to  indicate  his  rank,  but  I  felt  certain  that  he  was  a  man 
of  considerable  rank  and  great  intelligence.  I  saluted  him  and 
we  passed  on;  he  did  not  return  the  salute,  but  looked  at  us 
sternly;  he  closely  scanned  our  equipments,  looked  at  the  U. 
S.  on  our  belts,  and  the  U.  S.  on  our  horses,  and  after  we  had 
passed  him  two  or  three  hundred  yards  fell  in  our  rear  and  fol 
lowed  us  along  the  road,  keeping  about  the  same  distance  behind 
us.  After  a  mile  or  two  of  this  conduct  on  his  part  I  myself 
became  worried  and  consulted  with  the  man  who  was  riding 
beside  me  as  to  what  best  to  do.  We  could  not  capture  him 
because  we  were  apparently  rebels.  To  capture  him  was  to 
declare  ourselves  Union  soldiers,  and  we  could  not  hold  him 
where  we  were  constantly  meeting  rebel  troops.  If  wre  cap 
tured  him,  we  must  kill  him.  And  so  I  marched  back  to  the 
point  where  my  command  was  in  the  woods,  letting  the  matter 
drift  without  making  up  my  mind  what  to  do.  I  had  determined 
upon  sending  a  part  of  my  men  back  through  the  town  of  Greens 
boro  to  the  ferry  across  the  Oconee  to  make  certain  after  all 
that  Davis  might  not  be  in  any  of  the  ambulances,  and  take  the 
balance  of  them  and  push  on  to  Washington.  As  we  came  to 
a  point  about  two  miles  from  Greensboro  another  road  crossed 
the  Greensboro  road.  I  stopped  there,  it  being  within  about 
half  a  mile  of  where  my  command  was  placed  in  the  woods. 
But  a  couple  of  my  men,  yielding  to  the  foraging  instinct  in 
them,  were  over  in  a  potato  patch  and  hallooed  my  name  and 
said  something  which  was  indistinguishable  to  me,  and  the  rebel 
drew  up  until  he  was  not  more  than  forty  feet  away  from  us 
and  stopped  and  listened  too.  I  was  fearful  lest  something 
might  be  said  that  might  give  away  the  object  and  character 
of  our  expedition.  I  twisted  nervously  in  my  saddle  and  turned 
my  face  in  the  direction  of  the  rebel  to  observe  him.  My  face 
must  have  betrayed  the  perplexity  I  was  in,  for  just  then  Geo. 
Blair,  a  boy  of  my  company,  only  seventeen  years  of  age  and 
one  of  the  coolest  and  bravest  boys  I  ever  knew,  but  what  was 
strange  for  a  boy  of  that  character,  absolutely  cruel  and  hard 
ened,  rode  up  and  whispered  to  me,  "Lieutenant,  you  capture 
him  and  I'll  take  him  out  in  the  woods  and  kill  him."  And 
he  would  have  killed  him  as  he  would  a  rat.  I  thought  for  a 
moment  that  I  had  never  killed  a  man  in  cold  blood.  Then  I 
thought,  there  are  thirty-three  men  whose  lives  are  in  my  charge ; 
they  may  be  all  killed  in  a  desperate  conflict,  and  hanged  or 
shot  if  captured;  I  owe  them  a  duty  that  will  not  excuse  scruples 
of  this  kind;  then  I  thought  further  it  was  my  first  duty  to 
my  government  to  make  certain  of  the  capture  of  Davis,  and 


—258— 

no  man's  life  should  stand  in  the  way;  that  this  man  surely 
suspected  us  and  might  betray  us  to  some  rebel  column  and 
thus  prevent  his  capture:  and  as  the  mind  and  body  uncon 
sciously  act  together,  the  mind  was  yielding  to  these  arguments 
of  its  own,  and  my  hand  was  unconsciously  travelling  toward 
the  holster  for  my  revolver  and  had  reached  it,  when  he  turned 
his  horse  and  walked  off  toward  Greensboro.  In  a  moment  more 
I  should  have  drawn  it  and  shot  him.  I  drew  a  sigh  of  relief 
that  I  was  not  compelled  to  kill  him  in  this  manner.  For  the 
two  minutes  he  was  there  neither  of  us  spoke  a  word.  He  sat 
his  horse  as  motionless  as  a  statue,  eyeing  me  critically,  as 
I  him.  He  was  measuring  me  and  determining  me  and  the  char 
acter  of  my  troops;  and  I  was  weighing  his  life  in  the  balance 
against  the  lives  of  my  men  and  the  capture  of  Davis.  The  nerv 
ous  tension  was  intense,  but  I  was  revolving  our  chances  more 
coolly  than  I  a  in  writing  this  narrative.  I  then  got  my  men 
out  of  the  woods,  and  with  the  intention  of  flanking  Greens 
boro  and  avoiding  trouble,  I  marched  northward  about  two 
miles,  but  found  a  swamp  on  that  side  and  that  I  could  not 
flank  it  without  great  delay.  I  was  afraid  of  that,  lest  by  some 
chance  my  quarry  might  escape  me,  and  I  determined  to  march 
directly  through  the  town.  I  then  returned  to  the  main  Greens 
boro  road;  I  drew  my  men  up  in  line  and  told  them  I  was  going 
through  Greensboro;  that  I  had  intended  to  send  only  two  or 
three  through  to  the  Oconee  ferry,  but  after  the  events  of  the 
morning  I  did  not  like  to  send  them  through  alone  and  thought 
I  should  share  the  danger  with  them;  that  from  the  brief  con 
versation  I  had  held  in  the  morning  with  the  officer  in  command 
it  was  almost  certain  that  a  large  portion  of  the  brigade  would 
still  be  there  waiting  for  the  advance  to  cross  the  ferry;  that 
I  thought  the  chances  were  ninety-nine  out  of  a  hundred  that 
we  would  not  get  through  without  a  fight;  but  that  I  must  take 
that  chance.  I  further  said  to  them,  if  we  do  get  into  a  fight 
I  want  no  man  to  surrender,  but  that  I  desire  each  man  to  fight 
his  way  out  for  himself,  as  the  expedition  would  then  be  at 
an  end,  and  surrender  meant  death  in  any  event.  And  as  we 
had  before  that  been  intentionally  marching  in  groups  of  three 
and  four  so  as  to  attract  as  little  attention  as  possible,  I  ordered 
them  to  march  in  close  column,  to  loosen  their  revolvers  in  their 
holsters  and  be  ready  to  fight  at  a  moment's  notice.  Thus  in 
structed,  with  grim  and  determined  faces  we  marched  down  into 
the  town,  feeling  as  if  we  were  going  to  a  funeral  rather  than 
anything  else;  and  the  quick  wit  and  the  coolness  displayed 
in  the  story  that  I  am  about  to  tell  can  only  be  fully  appreciated 
when  it  is  understood  that  the  man  himself  who  was  the  hero 
of  it  expected  in  a  few  minutes  to  be  in  a  desperate  conflict 
for  his  life. 

The  town  of  Greensboro  itself  is,  like  many  of  those  southern 


—259— 

hamlets,  a  little  town  strung  out  along  the  road;  it  was  not 
platted,  and  had  but  one  road,  not  more  than  forty-five  feet 
wide,  through  it.  There  w^ere  no  cross  streets,  and  it  would  have 
been  a  desperate  place  for  a  fight,  had  one  occurred.  A  con 
siderable  portion  of  the  rebel  brigade,  as  I  had  supposed,  was 
still  in  Greensboro.  The  men  were  lying  down  under  the  trees 
and  beside  the  fences  on  both  sides  of  the  road,  while  many 
of  the  officers  were  sitting  on  the  piazzas,  talking  to  the  ladies. 
We  had  passed  about  half  way  through  the  town  when  some 
officer  to  our  left  and  about  fifty  feet  away,  whether  it  was  the 
same  man  who  had  followed  us  in  the  morning  or  not,  I  could 
not  at  the  time  ascertain,  sung  out  in  that  drawling  Southern 
tone:  "I'll  bet  a  thousand  dollahs  those  men  are  God  damn 
Yankees!"  I  turned  to  say  something,  but  quicker  than  a  flash 
Lee  Wood  shook  his  long  hair  back,  turned  on  his  saddle,  laughed 
quietly  and  with  as  much  ease  and  quiet  grace  as  if  he  had  been 
born  on  the  stage,  and  mimicking  him  to  the  echo,  answered  back: 
'Til  bet  a  thousand  dollahs  you're  a  God  damn  liar!"  Wood's 
manner  was  so  careless  and  easy,  but  withal  half  way  reckless; 
the  mimicry  was  so  perfect  and  so  droll,  so  quickly  done,  that 
it  was  infectious,  and  the  entire  command,  that  a  moment  before 
had  been  expecting  to  have  a  desperate  fight,  broke  into  a  hearty 
laugh.  I  turned  in  my  saddle  and  said:  "You'd  better  let  that 
boy  alone;  you've  got  more  than  you  can  carry  away  thar," 
using  a  colloquialism  that  I  had  learned  from  my  Virginia  friends 
when  a  lad.  While  I  know  it  is  not  good  form  to  use  profane 
language  in  written  narrative  and  I  regret  the  necessity  therefor, 
yet  the  spirit  and  wit  of  this  remarkable  story  could  not  have 
been  preserved  without  giving  it  just  as  it  was. 

We  passed  rapidly  on  and  toward  the  other  end  of  the  tow^n 
there  wras  a  large  manor  house,  and  the  road  widened  out  there, 
and  a  large  block  w^as  placed,  where  in  slavery  days  the 
guests  were  received  who  were  coming  to  visit  the  master  and 
lady  of  the  house.  As  we  passed  by  it  a  somewhat  distinguished 
looldng  man  ran  down  toward  us,  reached  out  his  hand  to  me  and 
said,  "How  are  you,  General,"  supposing,  from  the  little  knot  of 
men  behind  me,  that  I  was  a  General;  or  perhaps,  on  account 
of  Southern  courtesy,  he  did  not  want  to  call  me  anything  less 
than  a  General  anyway.  I  reached  down,  grasped  his  hand  cor 
dially  and  said:  "How  do  you  do,  sir?  How  do  you  do?"  Then 
he  went  on  to  say:  "We  have  just  heard  that  the  Yankees  are 
in  Macon,  suh,  and  that  they  will  soon  be  here,  and  we  thought 
it  would  be  a  good  deal  better  to  give  the  quartermaster  stores 
to  our  own  troops  than  to  let  the  Yankees  have  them,  and  we 
have  broken  up  the  quartermaster  department  and  are  distrib* 
uting  the  clothing."  He  said:  "Won't  you  stop  your  men  and 
get  some?"  I  said:  "Xo,  I  believe  not.  My  men  are  very  well 
dressed  now  and  do  not  need  any  more  clothing;  and  the  weather 


—260— 

is  getting  very  hot,  and  I  believe  I  will  move  on  to  the  river." 
I  thought  it  was  a  good  deal  hotter  than  he  knew  anything  about, 
and  that  I  should  just  then  like  to  get  rid  of  what  we  had  of 
that  kind  of  clothing,  if  possible.  I  passed  through  the  balance 
of  the  town,  and  about  three-quarters  of  a  mile  beyond  it  I  saw 
a  wooded  ravine  that  wound  first  away  from  the  town  and  then 
around  it  toward  the  right  and  in  the  direction  of  Washington, 
Ga.  As  soon  as  I  saw  it  I  thought,  this  is  the  place  to  take  care 
of  my  men;  we  have  averted  the  danger,  but  for  the  moment 
only;  the  man  who  called  us  Yankees  will  not  be  content  with 
the  answer  and  the  laugh  he  got;  as  soon  as  he  can  consult 
with  other  officers  and  mount  a  column,  they  will  be  in  hot 
pursuit  of  us  to  satisfy  themselves  whether  we  are  Yankees 
or  not.  We  had  marched  in  an  ordinary  walk,  but  when  we 
struck  that  ravine  we  turned  off  on  a  gallop,  went  down  the 
ravine,  swung  around  it,  and  after  we  had  gone  about  a  mile 
I  halted  my  men,  went  up  to  the  top  of  a  slight  hill  that  over 
looked  the  road,  and  saw  a  rebel  column  of  about  a  hundred 
men  go  by  on  a  thundering  gallop,  evidently  in  hot  pursuit  of 
the  bogus  rebels  who  had  just  passed  through  their  midst.  I 
thought,  my  gentlemen,  you  are  just  a  little  bit  too  late;  the 
Yankee  has  been  just  a  trifle  too  smart  for  you  this  time.  This 
incident  and  the  precautions  that  were  thereafter  necessary  lost 
us  much  valuable  time  and  had  much  to  do  with  giving  the 
actual  capture  of  Davis  to  the  Fourth  Michigan  and  First  Wis 
consin,  instead  of  to  my  command,  to  whom  it  fairly  belonged, 
as  it  delayed  our  march  toward  Washington  and  necessitated 
more  caution,  lest  intelligence  might  have  been  transmitted 
to  the  troops  still  with  Davis  of  a  suspicious  body  of  men,  for 
whom  they  should  be  on  the  lookout.  That  this  was  done  I  have 
every  reason  to  believe  from  circumstances  occurring  thereafter. 
After  the  entire  rebel  command  had  moved  out  of  Greens 
boro,  having  given  up  of  course  my  trip  to  the  Oconee  ferry,  I 
flanked  the  town  again  on  the  south  and  passed  again  eastward 
toward  Washington,  Ga.  We  marched  a  considerable  part  of 
that  night,  but  as  we  had  lost  two  entire  nights  of  sleep,  we 
camped  in  the  woods  toward  daylight,  but  took  the  road  at 
daylight  again.  As  we  approached  Washington  I  formed  a  plan 
to  seize  Davis'  person  at  night-fall  in  the  midst  of  what  troops 
were  left,  which  were  not  then  guarding  him  closely,  the  usual 
pickets  and  outposts  being  almost,  if  not  entirely,  abandoned. 
It  would  have  been  a  desperate  undertaking,  and  it  is  better  as 
it  turned  out  that  it's  execution  was  not  attempted.  I  had  fully  de 
termined  to  kidnap  and  carry  Davis  off  bodily,  but  the  suspicions  of 
the  Confederate  Cavalry  with  whom  we  mingled  for  several  days 
had  been  aroused  and  their  renewed  vigilance  prevented  it.  I  scat 
tered  my  men,  as  it  would  have  been  useless  and  criminally  reckless 
of  their  lives  to  make  the  attempt  or  to  keep  them  together  just  then. 


261— 

But  during  the  day  I  sent  two  more  couriers  with  dispatches  to 
General  Wilson  confirming  my  previous  dispatch  and  especially 
that  Davis  was  certain  of  going  southward  from  Washington. 
Upon  the  receipt  of  this  second  dispatch  a  part  of  the  Fourth 
Michigan  Cavalry,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Pritchard,  was  sent  out,  which  met  Harnden  near  Abbeville, 
Georgia,  on  the  afternoon  of  the  ninth,  and  on  the  morning  of 
the  tenth,  moving  by  a  different  route,  effected  his  capture.  I 
spent  the  entire  day  of  the  seventh  mingling  with  rebel  troops 
and  scattering  my  men  amongst  the  various  bands  and  endeav 
oring  to  find  ourselves  the  actual  route  taken  by  Davis,  so  that 
we  might  be  first  in  at  the  death  instead  of  sending  the  informa 
tion  upon  which  he  might  be  captured,  but  without  avail  until 
it  was  too  late. 

In  our  attempt  to  be  absolutely  certain  that  Davis  was  not 
with  any  of  the  commands  through  which  we  passed,  we  had 
given  him  too  far  a  start  to  the  South  and  had  given  to  Harnden 
and  Pritchard  the  honor  of  the  actual  capture,  which  fairly 
belonged  to  us.  But  when  Pritchard  and  Harnden  overtook 
Davis  at  Erwinsville,  Ga.,  on  the  morning  of  the  tenth  of  May, 
his  followers  had  dwindled  to  a  mere  handful.  There  was  honor 
in  it,  but  no  great  danger  and  no  hazardous  service.  We  were 
upon  the  strain  all  the  time.  The  lack  of  sufficient  disguise 
made  that  which  was  a  perilous  and  hazardous  duty  before 
doubty  perilous  and  hazardous  thereby.  But  we  had  some  good 
luck  withal;  indeed,  we  had  much  good  luck  withal,  or  many 
a  man  who  went  upon  the  expedition  would  never  have  returned. 
On  one  occasion  we  had  passed  through  a  rebel  regiment  and 
were  passing  by  the  wagon  train  connected  therewith;  I  had 
dropped  about  half  way  back  of  the  company,  and  as  I  passed 
a  rebel  sitting  by  a  tree  I  heard  him  count:  "One,  two,  three, 
four,  five,  —  by  George,  Harry,"  he  said,  "these  fellows  have 
captured  a  whole  company  of  Yanks'  horses."  It  was  lucky 
for  us  that  he  thought  that  we  had  captured  a  company  of  Yanks' 
horses,  rather  than  that  we  were  Yanks  ourselves  in  rebel  uni 
form. 

It  may  not  be  out  of  place,  I  think,  if  in  this  connection 
I  relate  an  adventure  that  was  purely  personal  to  myself.  It 
illustrates  almost  as  much  as  the  incident  related  of  Wood  the 
necessity  for  coolness,  readiness,  quick  invention  and  invincible 
nerve;  it  also  illustrates  the  character  of  the  service  my  men 
and  myself  were  almost  hourly  rendering.  On  the  forenoon 
of  the  eighth  my  men  had  gone  ahead  and  I  had  remained  behind 
entirely  alone,  trying  to  get  some  information  from  a  few  rebel 
soldiers  whom  we  had  met.  I  then  started  on  to  join  the  com 
mand.  As  I  turned  the  corner  of  a  road  I  saw  in  front  of  me, 
about  six  or  seven  hundred  yards  away,  a  wagon  with  six  or 
seven  officers  behind  it.  Over  to  the  ri<?ht  was  what  had  been 


—262— 

once  a  regiment  of  infantry,  but  now  carrying  but  about  two 
hundred  muskets  only.  As  I  nearecl  the  wagon  I  saw  these 
officers  engaged  in  earnest  conversation  and  knew  instinctively 
that  I  was  the  object  thereof.  To  know  this  was  to  know  that 
I  was  suspected,  because  there  was  no  other  reason  in  the  world 
for  directing  so  much  attention  to  me.  I  was  alone,  my  men 
by  that  time  over  a  mile  ahead,  and  I  felt  I  w^as  in  for  it.  As 
I  rode  up  I  thought  I  did  not  care  for  the  men  lying  down  with 
their  muskets  stacked;  a  sudden  dash  would  carry  me  out  of 
all  danger  from  them.  But  I  was  interested  in  the  fellows  who 
were  in  the  road  with  their  revolvers  at  their  sides  and  to  whom 
I  must  talk  and  whom  I  must  fight  if  necessary  at  close  quar 
ters,  not  more  than  three  or  four  feet  away.  As  I  rode  up  I 
planned  in  my  own  mind  exactly  what  I  would  do.  I  was 
mounted  on  a  powerful  horse,  and  I  determined  to  ride  as  close 
as  I  could  get  to  the  little  knot  of  officers,  leaving  my  left  foot 
close  to  my  horse,  ready  to  put  a  spur  in  him  at  the  first  sign 
of  hostilities  on  their  part.  Acting  on  this,  I  crowded  my  horse 
right  up  against  them,  and  I  felt  perfectly  sure  that  should 
one  of  them  attempt  to  draw  on  me,  the  spur  on  the  opposite 
heel,  driven  into  my  horse,  would  make  him  jump  against  and 
knock  them  all  down  or  so  deflect  their  aim  that  I  should  be 
in  no  danger.  As  I  drew  near  it  was  certain  that  they  had 
been  talking  with  my  men  somewhat,  for  one  of  them,  a  red 
headed,  inquisitive  little  hornet,  said:  "Lieutenant,  your  men 
say  that  you  belong  to  the  Eighth  Kentucky."  I  said:  "Yes, 
suh,  I  do."  Then  he  said:  "Where  has  the  Eighth  Kentucky 
been  serving?"  I  said  it  has  been  serving  under  General  Roddy, 
but  my  company  has  been  detached  down  on  the  Coosa,  guard 
ing  against  desertahs  and  niggars,  suh;  and  I  haven't  been 
with  the  regiment  for  more  than  a  year.  He  said:  "Who  is  the 
Colonel  of  the  Eighth  Kentucky?"  (I  cannot  give  it  now,  but 
I  knew  the  roster  of  the  field  officers  then.)  I  smiled  and  said: 
"Why,  Colonel  Shackleford,  suh."  (Which  will  answer  for  the 
present  just  as  well  as  anv  other  name.)  "Who's  the  Lieutenant- 
Colonel?"  "Colonel  Jone*s,  suh."  "Who's  the  major?"  "Major 
Wheeler,  suh."  (These  are  not  the  names.  I  have  forgotten 
them.  But  I  give  them  in  place  of  the  real  names,  which  I  then 
knew.)  I  do  not  know  if  he  knew  the  roster  of  the  regimental 
officers,  but  I  did;  so  much  did  the  hospitality  given  to  a  rebel 
officer  one  evening  in  our  tent  serve  me  in  my  hour  of  need. 
He  then  said  to  me:  "Where  are  you  going,  suh?"  "I'm  going 
back  here."  "Why  are  you  going  back  there?"  "Because,"  I 
said,  "it  is  my  business,  suh.  I  don't  know  that  I  need  answer 
to  you.  I  have  business  back  here."  He  said:  "It  doesn't  look 
right,  suh."  "I  can't  help  how  it  looks  to  you;  it  is  simply  my 
business  to  perform  the  duty  that  is  imposed  upon  me  as  a 
Confederate  officer,  suh."  Pie  then  said  to  me:  "I  have  a  brother" 


—263— 

(calling  Mni  by  name,  which  I  have  now  forgotten)  "on  General 
Roddy's  staff;  do  you  know  him?'7  It  flashed  through  my  mind 
that  possibly  he  might  have  a  brother  on  the  staff  and  possibly 
he  might  not.  At  the  same  time  I  knew  that  while  the  staff 
did  not  know  all  the  line,  that  every  line  officer  ought  to  know 
the  staff,  and  it  would  not  do  for  me  to  say  that  I  did  not  know 
the  brother  of  this  fellow,  if  there  really  was  such  a  man  on 
Roddy's  staff.  And  so  I  thought  I  would  take  the  poet  Horace's 
advice  and  go  "in  medias  res"  or,  as  Tom  Watson  more  vigor 
ously  puts  it,  take  "the  middle  of  the  road,"  and  answer  in  such 
a  non-committal  manner  as  to  let  me  out  in  case  I  was  wrong. 
I  said:  "Yes,  suh,  I  think  I  have  heard  of  such  a  man  as  that 
being  on  General  Roddy's  staff;  but  as  I  told  you  before,  suh, 
I  have  been  down  on  the  Coosa  and  would  not  be  certain;  but 
I  think  I  have  heard  of  his  name  being  on  the  staff,  suh."  Well, 
I  must  have  gotten  it  right;  he  must  have  been  on  the  staff.  He 
then  asked  one  question  of  me  that  called  for  an  abrupt  ending 
of  the  conversation,  and  as  I  could  not  answrer  it,  I  simply  had 
to  bluff  it  out.  He  said:  "Does  he  look  like  me,  suh?"  This 
was  further  than  I  could  go;  this  was  a  little  red-headed  wasp 
that  put  this  question  to  me:  the  other  might  have  been  a  black- 
haired  Southern  giant,  and  so,  as  the  only  thing  to  do,  I  called 
him  with  a  bluff,  and  said:  "Does  he  look  like  you,  suh?  Do 
you  set  yourselves  up  as  models  of  Southern  beauty  that  a  Con 
federate  officer  should  have  nothing  else  to  do  except  to  see 
which  one  of  you  looks  the  most  like  the  other?  Good  day,  suh; 

your  questions  are  getting  d d  impertinent."  And  I  turned 

my  horse  and  walked  away.  I  am  not  unduly  nervous,  and  I 
certainly  was  not  then,  a  boy  of  twenty-two,  vigorous  and 
healthy;  but  I  can  say  that  for  every  step  that  I  took  it  seemed 
as  if  I  felt  a  bullet  in  my  back.  When  I  had  gotten  about  forty 
feet  distant,  I  determined  I  could  run  the  gauntlet  if  necessary, 
and  take  the  chances.  I  turned  in  my  saddle;  they  were  talking 
vigorously  together  and  they  were  still  suspicious,  but  uncer 
tain.  I  called  out  "Good  day,  gentlemen;  I  hope  you  are  satis 
fied,"  and  rode  off  on  a  gallop. 

It  did  not  seem  much  to  me  then;  but  relating  the  story  now^, 
it  seems  as  if  every  nerve  was  on  edge  while  I  am  telling  it. 

On  the  eighth  two  of  my  men,  Thos.  R.  Kennard,  of  Com 
pany  I,  First  Ohio,  and  John  Gotts,  Corporal  of  Company  E,  Sev 
enth  Ohio,  rode  up  to  a  house  where  there  was  a  knot  of  rebels, 
made  some  inquiries,  and  started  to  go  away.  They  had  to  go 
to  some  bars  to  get  out  on  the  road  again;  as  they  nearly  reached 
these  bars,  some  six  or  seven  of  the  rebels  dashed  in  front  of 
them,  and  they  had  to  fight  their  way  out.  This  they  did  with 
the  utmost  gallantry  and  courage,  both  of  them  escaping  with 
out  surrendering,  although  Kennard  was  shot  through  the  breast 
and  Gotts  through  the  face. 


—264— 

I  have  endeavored  to  relate  briefly  a  few  of  the  circumstances 
attending  our  expedition.  I  have  only  given  a  few  of  the  most 
prominent  of  these.  It  is  more  than  thirty  years  since,  and 
without  memoranda  of  any  sort  only  those  occurrences  which 
were  most  dramatic  and  striking  can  be  remembered  and  told. 
For  the  men  under  my  command  there  was  a  constant  and  con 
tinuous  strain;  there  was  the  hazard  of  detection  as  spies;  there 
was  necessary  the  keen  wit  ever  alert  to  have  a  ready  answer 
when  interrogated;  there  was  the  consciousness  that  wre  must 
keep  in  mind  the  character  of  speech  of  these  men  with  whom 
we  were  mingling  and  be  ready  at  all  times  to  imitate  it,  and 
if  all  else  failed  our  hands  must  be  ready  to  reach  our  revolvers 
and  fight  to  the  death.  Not  alone  was  the  strain  mental,  but 
our  physical  endurance  was  tested  to  the  utmost.  Marching 
without  rations  through  a  country  impoverished  by  war,  it  was 
almost  impossible  to  secure  anything  to  eat,  even  if  we  had 
taken  the  time  to  do  so.  I  did  not  eat  a  mouthful  from  noon 
of  the  third  until  the  afternoon  of  the  sixth  and  not  more  than 
four  or  five  of  my  men  were  more  fortunate.  Our  situation 
was  constantly  so  perilous  that  I  never  thought  of  food  or  of 
hunger  until  that  time.  Some  of  my  men  got  a  couple  of  hours 
sleep  the  first  night  out  and  a  couple  of  hours  the  next  night 
while  we  were  waiting  for  daybreak  to  enter  Greensboro,  but 
personally  I  did  not  close  my  eyes  the  first  two  nights  nor  until 
after  midnight  of  the  third,  when  I  slept  about  two  hours  before 
commencing  the  fourth  day's  operations.  While  the  men  under 
my  command  did  not  actually  effect  the  capture  of  Davis,  the 
Congress  of  the  United  States  thought  that  their  services  were 
more  meritorious  on  account  of  the  information  furnished,  as 
well  as  more  dangerous  and  hazardous  than  that  of  the  column 
that  did  actually  effect  the  capture  of  Davis.  There  was  at  the 
time  a  reward  offered  of  $100,000  for  his  capture.  Of  this  neither 
myself  nor  the  men  under  me  had  any  knowledge  at  the  time, 
and  we  had  no  mercenary  motive  in  attempting  the  hazards 
of  this  expedition. 

After  the  war  the  Fourth  Michigan  and  the  First  Wisconsin 
became  involved  before  the  Congress  in  a  contest  over  this  re 
ward;  and  then  for  the  first  time  the  evidence  of  General  Wilson 
and  General  Alexander,  which  I  append  hereto  as  a  part  of 
the  records  of  that  time,  showing  the  part  that  myself  and 
my  men  had  performed  in  that  important  service ;  and  the  chair 
man  of  the  committee  on  claims  wrote  me  for  a  detail  of  my 
men,  which  it  was  almost  impossible  for  me  to  give  fully,  but 
which  I  gave  in  part;  and  without  ever  presenting  any  claim 
on  our  part,  the  Fortieth  Congress,  at  its  second  session,  report 
ing  upon  the  capture  of  Davis,  placed  the  service  of  myself  and 
men  in  importance  before  that  of  either  Pritchard  or  Harnden, 
It  placed  General  Wilson  first,  myself  and  men  second,  and 


—265— 

Colonel  Pritchard  and  Colonel  Harnden  equally  third,  and 
awarded  to  each  of  the  four  officers,  Wilson,  Yeoman,  Harnden 
and  Pritchard,  |3,000  apiece.  I  append  herewith  extracts  from 
the  report  of  the  committee,  which  is  Xo.  60  of  the  second 
session  of  the  Fortieth  Congress.  The  same  facts,  with  the 
exception  of  the  recommendation  of  Congress,  appear  in  the 
dispatches  of  General  Wilson  and  General  Alexander,  and  in 
the  Forty-ninth  Volume,  Part  I  of  the  official  record  of  the 
war  of  the  rebellion,  pages  -  — . 

I  have  thought  it  best  to  submit  these  official  reports  in 
connection  with  this  brief  history  of  the  part  my  men  bore  in 
the  capture  of  Jefferson  Davis,  together  with  a  portion  of  an 
article  by  General  Wilson  in  the  February  number  of  the  Century 
for  1890,  from  which  I  have  already  quoted,  and  they  are  annexed 
as  part  of  this  article. 

General   Wilson  Reports  as  Follows. 

Brevet  Brigadier-General  A.  J.  Alexander,  with  the  second 
brigade  of  Upton's  division,  having  reached  Atlanta  in  advance 
of  the  division,  was  directed  by  General  Winslow  to  scout  the 
country  to  the  northward  as  far  as  Dalton,  or  until  he  should 
meet  the  troops  under  General  Steedman  in  that  region.  On 
beginning  his  march  from  Macon,  General  Alexander  was 
authorized  to  detach  an  officer  and  twenty  picked  men,  disguised 
as  rebel  soldiers,  for  the  purpose  of  trying  to  obtain  definite 
information  of  Davis'  movements.  This  party  was  placed  under 
the  command  of  Lieutenant  Joseph  A.  O.  Yeoman,  First  Ohio 
Cavalry,  and  at  the  time  acting  as  Inspector-General  of  the  bri 
gade.  *  *  *  After  a  rapid  march  toward  the  upper  cross 
ings  of  the  Savannah  Kiver  in  Northeastern  Georgia,  Lieutenant 
Yeoman's  detachment  met  and  joined  Davis7  party,  escorted  by 
Dibrell's  and  Ferguson's  divisions  of  cavalry,  probably  under 
Wheeler  in  person,  and  continued  with  them  for  several  days, 
watching  for  an  opportunity  to  seize  and  carry  off  the  rebel  chief. 
He  was  frustrated  by  the  vigilance  of  the  rebel  escort.  At  Wash 
ington,  Georgia,  the  rebel  authorities  must  have  heard  that 
Atlanta  was  occupied  by  our  troops,  and  that  they  could  not 
pass  that  point  without  a  fight.  They  halted  and  for  some  time 
acted  with  irresolution  in  regard  to  their  future  course.  The 
cavalry  force  which  had  remained  true  to  Davis,  estimated  at 
five  brigades  and  probably  numbering  two  thousand  men,  now 
became  mutinous  and  declined  to  go  any  farther.  They  were 
disbanded  and  partially  paid  off  in  coin,  which  had  been  brought 
to  that  point  in  wagons.  Lieutenant  Yeoman  lost  sight  of  Davis 
at  this  time,  but  dividing  his  party  into  three  or  four  detach 
ments,  sought  again  to  obtain  definite  information  of  his  move 
ments,  but  for  twenty-four  hours  was  unsuccessful.  Persevering 


—266— 

in  his  efforts,  he  became  convinced  that  Davis  had  relinquished 
his  idea  of  going  into  Alabama,  and  would  probably  try  to  reach 
the  Gulf  or  South  Atlantic  Coast  and  escape  by  sea.  Couriers 
were  sent  with  this  information  to  General  Alexander,  and  by 
him  duly  transmitted  to  me  at  Macon.  *  *  *  With  the  view 
of  intercepting  him  in  this  attempt,  I  directed  the  crossings  of 
the  Ocmulgee  river  to  be  watched  with  renewed  vigilance  all 
the  way  from  the  neighborhood  of  Atlanta  to  Hawkinsville, 
and  on  the  evening  of  May  6,  I  directed  Brigadier-General  Crox- 
ton  to  select  the  best  regiment  in  his  division  and  to  send  it 
under  its  best  officer,  with  orders  to  march  eastward  via  Jeffer- 
sonville  to  Dublin  on  the  Oconee  river.  *  *  *  General  Crox- 
ton  selected  for  this  purpose  the  First  Wisconsin  Cavalry,  com 
manded  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  Henry  Harnden,  an  officer  of 
spirit,  experience,  and  resolution.  *  *  *  From  the  foregoing- 
narrative  it  will  be  seen  that  the  first  perfectly  reliable  infor 
mation  in  regard  to  the  movements  of  Davis  was  that  sent  in 
by  Lieutenant  Joseph  A.  O.  Yeoman,  of  General  Alexander's 
staff.  (Official  Record  of  the  Rebellion,  Series  I,  Volume  XLIX, 
Pages  372-3-4-9.) 

General  Alexander  Reports  as  Follows. 

Shortly  after  the  armistice  between  Generals  Sherman  and 
Johnson  I  was  ordered  to  send  one  regiment  of  my  brigade  to 
Atlanta,  rapidly  to  apprehend  Davis,  who  was  reported  moving 
in  that  direction  with  an  escort  of  cavalry.  I  accordingly  sent 
the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  Colonel  B.  B.  Eggleston  commanding. 
A  few  days  after  I  was  ordered  to  move  to  the  same  point  with 
the  remainder  of  my  brigade.  Previous  to  this  movement  I 
obtained  permission  from  the  Major-General  commanding  the 
corps  to  send  an  officer  and  twenty  men,  disguised  in  rebel 
clothing  to  meet  Davis,  watch  and  if  possible  capture  him.  This 
delicate  operation  I  intrusted  to  Lieutenant  Joseph  A.  O.  Yeo 
man,  a  dashing  young  officer  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  of  great 
intelligence  and  coolness,  and  who  was  at  that  time  acting  as 
Inspector-General  for  my  brigade.  Lieutenant  Yeoman  moved 
rapidly  to  Northeastern  Georgia,  where  he  met  and  joined  Davis' 
escort,  consisting  of  DibrelFs  division  of  cavalry.  He  marched 
with  them  two  or  three  days,  but  could  not  get  an  opportunity 
of  seizing  on  the  person  of  Davis  on  account  of  the  close  watch 
on  every  one  who  approached  his  person.  At  Washington, 
Georgia  (I  think),  the  forces  under  Dibrell  heard  that  Atlanta 
was  occupied  by  our  troops,  and  that  they  could  not  pass  that 
point  without  a  fight,  accordingly  disbanded  during  the  night, 
and  sought  their  homes  in  small  parties.  Lieutenant  Yeoman 
scattered  his  men  among  the  various  bands  to  try  and  get  some 
trace  of  Davis,  but  for  twenty-four  hours  was  unsuccessful.  He 


—267— 

finally  found  that  he  had  abandoned  the  idea  of  going  into 
Alabama,  and  was  making  south  to  leave  the  country.  Lieuten 
ant  Yeoman  kept  the  command  at  Atlanta  advised  of  all  of  his 
movements  and  the  commanding  officer  advised  the  Major-Gen 
eral  commanding  the  troops  by  telegraph.  *  *  I  trust 
Lieutenant  Yeoman  will  receive  some  recognition  of  his  services, 
as  he  was  the  only  officer  who  really  risked  his  life;  and  I  believe 
the  information  furnished  by  him  caused  the  Major-General 
commanding  to  send  out  the  party  that  made  the  arrest.  (Of 
ficial  Records  of  the  Rebellion,  Series  I,  Volume  XLIX,  Pages 
382-3.) 

General  Wilson,  in  February  "Century,"  1890. 

Yeoman  and  his  followers  marched  rapidly  towards  the  up 
per  crossings  of  the  Savannah  River,  entered  South  Carolina,  and 
by  diligent  but  cautious  inquiry  and  much  hard  riding  found 
and  joined  the  party  they  w^ere  looking  for,  without  attracting 
unusual  attention  themselves.  The  country  was  full  of  dis 
banded  Confederate  soldiers  all  more  or  less  demoralized  and 
going  home.  Discipline  was  at  an  end,  and  every  man  of  them 
was  looking  out  for  himself.  The  condition  of  affairs  facilitated 
the  operations  of  Yeoman,  and  encouraged  him  to  believe  that 
he  might  find  an  opportunity  to  seize  and  carry  off  the  rebel 
chief;  but  the  vigilance  and  devotion  of  the  escort  rendered 
it  impossible  to  put  his  daring  plan  into  effect,  though  it  did 
not  prevent  his  sending  couriers  into  the  nearest  Federal  picket 
post  to  report  the  movements  of  the  party  he  was  with.  The 
information  thus  obtained  was  promptly  transmitted  to  Gen 
erals  Alexander  and  Upton,  and  by  them  to  me.  At  Washington, 
Georgia,  there  was  much  confusion,  growing  out  of  the  further 
disbanding  which  w^as  rendered  necessary  by  the  proximity  of 
our  forces,  and  Yeoman  lost  sight  of  Davis  for  about  twenty- 
four  hours,  during  which  time  he  divided  his  party  into  three 
or  four  squads,  and  sought  again  to  obtain  definite  information 
of  the  Confederate  chieftain's  movements  and  plans.  Persever 
ing  in  his  efforts  he  learned  enough  to  convince  him  that  Davis 
had  relinquished  all  hopes  of  getting  through  the  country  to 
the  westward,  and  would  most  probably  try  to  reach  the  South 
Atlantic  or  Gulf  Coast  and  escape  by  sea.  This  it  will  be  remem 
bered  was  the  plan  which  Pollard,  the  historian  of  the  Lost 
Cause,  says  was  deliberately  adopted  many  weeks  before  Lee's 
catastrophe.  Relying  upon  this  information  Yeoman  sent  in 
couriers  to  make  it  known,  and  as  soon  as  it  reached  him  Alex 
ander  repeated  it  to  me  by  telegraph,  which  was  now  completely 
in  our  possession.  *  *  *  On  the  afternoon  of  May  6,  immedi 
ately  after  receiving  the  intelligence  from  Yeoman,  I  sent  for 
General  Croxton,  commanding  the  First  (McCook's)  Division, 


—268— 

and  directed  him  to  select  his  best  regiment  in  his  division,  and 
send  it  forthwith,  under  its  best  officer,  eastward  by  the  little 
town  of  Jeffersonville  to  Dublin  on  the  Oconee  Kiver,  with  orders 
to  march  with  the  greatest  possible  speed,  scouting  the  country 
well  to  the  northward  of  his  route,  leaving  detachments  at  all 
important  cross-roads  and  keeping  a  sharp  lookout  for  all  rebel 
parties,  whether  large  or  small,  that  might  be  passing  through 
this  region.  It  was  hoped  by  this  means  that  the  route  pursued 
by  Davis  might  be  intercepted  and  his  movements  discovered, 
in  which  event  the  commanding  officer  was  instructed  to  follow 
wherever  it  might  lead,  until  the  fugitive  should  be  overtaken 
and  captured. 

Report  No.  60,  Second  Session  Fortieth  Congress,  is  as  fol 
lows:  , 

In  review  it  appears  that  the  first  and  most  important  ser 
vice  was  that  of  planning  the  capture,  disposition  of  troops, 
and  the  special  instruction  to  subordinate  officers  which  resulted 
in  the  success  of  the  enterprise.  That  this  duty  was  performed 
in  a  skilful  manner  by  Major-General  Wilson  is  not  doubted. 
That  he  made  no  claim  for  a  share  of  the  reward  does  not,  in 
the  opinion  of  the  committee,  lessen  his  merits  or  the  value 
of  his  services  as  a  man  and  an  officer.  The  service  of  next 
importance  is  regarded  as  that  of  Captain  Yeoman,  of  the  First 
Ohio  Cavalry,  and  his  detachment  of  scouts  and  spies,  who  made 
the  first  discovery  and  gave  the  first  information  which  led  to 
the  capture.  The  march  of  this  officer  was  almost  unexampled 
for  celerity  and  self-denial,  even  for  mounted  soldiers.  No  appli 
cation  was  made  in  his  behalf,  and  the  narrative  of  his  march 
is  in  reply  to  the  inquiry  addressed  him  by  the  chairman  of 
this  committee. 

As  to  the  remaining  question  between  the  two  cavalry  regi 
ments,  the  committee  unanimously  agree  that  they  be  regarded 
alike  and  that  the  commanding  officers  be  awarded  equal  shares 
with  General  Wilson  and  Captain  Yeoman  for  equally  meri 
torious  services,  and  that  the  amount  of  each  be  fixed  at  the 
sum  of  $3,000.  In  thus  arbitrarily  recommending  this  sum  for 
the  four  principal  officers,  it  is  admitted  that  all  rules  but  that 
of  equity  and  justice  are  set  aside,  but  it  is  regarded  as  not  too 
small,  and  it  is  insisted  that  the  officers'  share  should  not  be 
large.  In  this  respect  the  naval  rule  would  do  injustice  between 
the  officers  mentioned  while  their  services  are  regarded  as  so 
nearly  equal. 

To  all  the  officers  and  men  present  of  both  cavalry  regiments 
and  the  detachment  of  Captain  Yeoman,  it  is  recommended  that 
the  remainder,  $88,000,  be  distributed  according  to  the  grade 
of  each  in  the  military  service  at  the  time  of  the  capture. 


Charge  of  the  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry  at  the  Battle  of 
Stone's  River,  Tennessee,  December  31,  1862,  Sketched 
on  the  Ground  a  few  Days  after  the  Battle,  by  N.  Fin- 
egan,  Company  D. 


The  ground  will  be  recognized  by  every  member  of  the  regi 
ment  who  participated  in  the  charge  or  who  may  have  exam 
ined  the  ground  afterwards.  The  house  used  as  a  Confederate 
hospital  is  on  the  left,  with  the  infantry  battle  line  and  battery 
in  the  distance,  and  is  very  realistic  and  life-like. 

The  charging  columns  have  just  met  in  the  shock,  and 
are  shown  in  the  noise,  confusion  and  struggle  of  the  melee 
that  follows,  and  in  which  the  revolver  and  saber  play  a  prom 
inent  part. 

The  artist  has  avoided  that  great  error,  so  usual  in  pictures, 
representing  cavalry  charges  of  straight  lines,  horses'  heads  all 
erect  and  troopers  all  in  the  same  position  in  their  saoldles, 
which  looks  well  on  paper,  but  is  far  from  being  true  to  life. 
What  adds  so  much  to  the  value  of  the  picture  is  the  fact  that 
it  was  drawn  on  the  ground  only  a  few  days  after  the  battle 
under  the  direction  of  some  of  the  officers  of  the  regiment 

It  represents  the  true  cavalry  melee  in  which  horse  and  rider 
are  in  all  kinds  of  positions  in  the  supreme  moment  of  the  cav 
alryman's  highest  ambition. 

Cavalry  Raids. 

A  cavalry*  officer  of  the  U.  S.  Army  defines  a  cavalry  raid, 
in  a  military  sense,  "to  be  an  incursion  or  irruption  of  mounted 
troops  into  the  theater  of  war,  occupied  by  or  under  control 
of  the  enemy." 

One  of  the  main  duties  of  cavalry  in  time  of  war  is  to  make 
raids  in  the  rear  of  the  enemy's  main  army. 

These  raids,  when  successful,  always  add  to  the  efficiency 
and  raises  the  morale  of  the  cavalry  arm  of  the  service,  and 

*Capt.  A.  E.  Wood,  4th  U.  S.  Cavalry. 


—270— 

gives  the  forces  engaged  confidence  for  any  expedition,  however 
hazardous  it  may  seem. 

In  fact,  the  cavalryman  is  always  in  his  element  when  on 
reconnoissauce  or  raid,  teeming  with  dash  and  adventure. 

While  cavalry  raids  have  been  in  vogue  more  or  less  from 
the  earliest  times  of  which  we  have  any  history  of  the  cavalry 
service,  yet  in  no  prior  war  was  it  practiced  to  the  extent  that 
it  was  during  the  war  of  the  rebellion. 

There  is  no  kind  of  service  that  so  develops  the  skill  of 
the  officers  and  the  endurance  and  intelligence  of  the  soldier, 
as  the  cavalry  raid.  From  the  time  he  cuts  loose  from  the 
main  army  until  the  object  of  the  raid  is  accomplished,  the 
commander  must  depend  on  his  own  resources,  as  he  has  noth 
ing  to  draw  from,  and  his  command  is  being  constantly  weakened 
by  contact  with  the  enemy.  His  men  are  being  killed  and 
wounded,  his  horses  are  exhausted  or  killed  by  hard  marching 
or  by  the  bullets  of  the  enemy,  his  ammunition  is  being  rapidly 
consumed,  his  rations  eaten  up,  and  there  is  a  continuous  destruc 
tion  of  his  force. 

The  object  of  the  raid  is  to  destroy  the  enemy's  commun 
ication  by  burning  bridges,  filling  up  tunnels  and  railroad  cuts 
with  rocks  and  timber,  cutting  telegraph  wires,  burning  ties, 
heating  and  destroying  rails,  burning  and  destroying  army  sup 
plies,  capturing  railroad  and  bridge  guards,  and  creating  general 
consternation  and  havoc  in  rear  of  the  enemy's  lines.  As  a 
raiding  expedition  must  carry  all  of  their  ammunition  from 
the  start,  they  have  no  resources  from  which  to  drawr,  should 
their  ammunition  become  exhausted.  Therefore  they  usually 
endeavored  to  avoid  all  large  bodies  of  the  enemy,  excepting 
those  in  their  immediate  front  who  are  endeavoring  to  repel 
the  expedition  from  striking  some  point  on  a  railroad  or  depot 
of  supplies.  They  capture  all  prisoners  that  come  in  their  line 
of  march,  but  they  are  usually  all  paroled,  as  the  command 
moves  so  rapidly,  often  marching  fifty  and  sixty  miles  a  day, 
that  prisoners  cannot  be  guarded,  mounted,  and  if  on  foot,  could 
not  march  the  distance  required;  besides,  all  the  good  mounts 
captured  are  needed  for  the  dismounted  troopers  of  the  com 
mand,  as  many  horses  become  exhausted,  while  others  are  killed 
or  wounded  by  the  enemy. 

When  prisoners  are  taken  on  such  raids,  they  are  taken 
to  the  commanding  officer  and  questioned  very  persistently  as 
to  their  commands,  strength,  name  of  commanding  officer,  and 
any  other  information  that  may  be  of  interest  or  benefit  to 
the  commander. 

But  the  good  soldier,  when  taken  prisoner,  is  either  such 
a  "knownothing"  or  liar,  that  the  officer  interrogating  gets  but 
little  satisfaction  regarding  the  command  to  which  he  belongs. 
The  writer  has  a  very  distinct  recollection  of  having  been  cap- 


—271— 

tiired  by  General  Armstrong's  division  of  rebel  cavalry,  and 
was  volunteering  some  information  to  a  squad  of  rebel  soldiers 
about  the  strength  of  our  army.  A  Surgeon,  who  was  one  of 
the  listeners  and  who  no  doubt  thought  the  information  as  to 
the  resources  of  the  North  would  be  somewhat  discouraging 
to  the  rank  and  file,  very  promptly  called  me  a  liar,  to  shut 

my  d d  Yankee  mouth,  to  all  of  which  I  most  gracefully 

complied. 

No  rule  can  be  adopted  for  the  time  and  place  for  raids, 
but  the  commander  must  be  governed  by  the  development  of 
the  campaign.  If  he  sees  an  opportunity  that  he  may  think 
desirable  to  draw  the  enemy's  cavalry  away  from  his  front, 
before  making  an  attack  in  force,  if  he  has  the  cavalry  to  spare 
from  his  own  army,  a  raid  may  be  made  in  the  enemy's  rear, 
or  if  he  fears  the  enemy  will  receive  reinforcements,  he  may 
attempt  to  cut  his  communication.  All  these  matters  must 
be  governed  by  circumstances,  and  the  commander  always  con 
siders  carefully  all  the  surroundings  and  whether  or  not  the 
sacrifice  will  justify  sending  out  the  expedition. 

General  Wheeler,  "Little  Joe,"  the  great  cavalry  leader  of 
the  Confederate  army  of  Tennessee,  started  on  his  raid  in  the 
rear  of  Rosecrans'  army  in  Chattanooga,  ten  days  after  the 
battle  of  Ohickamauga.  He  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  at  Cot 
ton  Port,  fifty  miles  above  Chattanooga,  on  the  first  day  of 
October,  1863,  with  two  divisions  of  cavalry.  His  object  was 
to  destroy  the  railroad  in  the  rear  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumber 
land,  thus  compelling  Eosecrans'  army,  then  living  on  very  short 
rations,  to  evacuate  Chattanooga  and  retreat  back  to  Nashville, 
as  he  had  but  one  line  of  railroad  to  supply  his  army  from 
Louisville,  Ky.  The  rebel  army  had  possession  of  the  railroad 
from  Chattanooga  to  Bridgeport,  south  of  the  Tennessee  River, 
and  at  that  date  all  supplies  were  hauled  by  wagon  trains  from 
Stevenson  and  Bridgeport  over  the  mountains  and  through  the 
Sequatchie  Valley  to  Chattanooga.  It  was  a  slender  thread, 
and  the  Confederate  commander  was  quick  to  see  his  oppor 
tunity. 

The  Second  Cavalry  Division,  under  General  George  Crook, 
was  guarding  the  river  from  Chattanooga  to  Cotton  Port,  on 
the  alert  for  the  anticipated  cavalry  raid.  Crooks'  division  was 
stretched  out  in  a*  thin  line,  and  Wheeler,  with  his  whole  com 
mand  concentrated,  met  with  feeble  opposition  from  the  bat 
talion  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  stationed  at  the  ford.  Wlieeler 
marched  rapidly  down  the  valley  and  by  the  time  Crook  had  his 
command  concentrated,  Wheeler  was  about  a  day  in  advance. 
He  swept  down  the  valley  with  his  bold  riders,  and  in  the 
Sequatchie  Valley,  near  Anderson's  cross-roads,  he  attacked  one 
of  our  wagon  trains,  loaded  with  ammunition  and  rations,  headed 
for  Chattanooga,  burned  three  hundred  wagons,  destroyed 


—272— 

everything-,  shot  the  mules  down  in  the  harness,  and  captured 
the  drivers  and  train-men. 

He  then  marched  rapidly  toward  McMinnville,  and  at  the 
foot  of  the  mountain  Crook's  division  attacked  his  rear  guard 
and  pushed  him  rapidly  through  McMinnville,  Murfreesboro, 
Shelbyville,  Farniington,  Pulaski  and  forced  him  on  the  run 
across  the  Tennessee  River  at  Lamb's  Ferry,  October  9. 

Nine  days  after  Wheeler  crossed  the  river  with  such  con 
fidence  and  audacity  he  was  driven  across  the  river  with  a  loss 
of  fully  two  thousand  men,  six  pieces  of  artillery,  hundreds 
of  horses,  and  small  arms.  His  men  were  very  badly  demoralized 
and  the  raid  was  a  complete  failure,  excepting  the  destruction 
of  the  wagon  train  in  the  valley,  a  few  supplies,  and  taking 
a  few  prisoners  at  McMinnville.  He  did  not  have  time  to  destroy 
either  railroads  or  supplies  after  Crook's  gallant  division  of 
dashing  troopers  struck  him  near  McMinnville. 

Had  Crook  not  been  on  the  w^atch  for  Wheeler  and  pushed 
him  from  the  start,  as  he  did,  the  Confederate  cavalry  might 
have  struck  the  railroad  at  Murfreesboro  and  destroyed  it  to 
Nashville  and  well  down  to  Stenvenson,  thus  compelling  Rose- 
crans  to  retreat  for  lack  of  transportation. 

As  it  was,  the  raid  was  barren  of  results  to  the  Confederate 
commander,  besides  placing  several  thousand  of  his  cavalrymen 
liors  de  combat. 

General  Kilpatrick  started  on  his  raid  around  Hood's  army 
in  Atlanta  with  forty-seven  hundred  men,  including  two  bat 
teries  of  horse  artillery  and  eight  guns,  on  the  evening  of  August 
18,  1864. 

He  moved  very  rapidly,  destroying  the  Atlanta  and  Mont 
gomery  railroad  for  a  considerable  distance  near  Red  Bank. 

He  then  struck  the  Atlanta  and  Macon  railroad  at  Jones- 
boro,  tearing  up  two  miles  of  railroad  track,  destroying  the  rails 
and  ties,  also  burning  and  destroying  a  large  amount  of  army 
supplies  stored  at  Jonesboro.  Drawing  off  to  the  east,  after 
making  a  circuit  of  several  miles,  he  again  struck  and  tore 
up  the  railroad  track  at  Lovejoy.  Here  he  was  surrounded  by 
cavalry  and  infantry,  but  cut  his  way  out,  inflicting  great  dam 
age  on  the  enemy,  capturing  many  prisoners  and  five  pieces 
of  artillery. 

The  Memphis  Appeal,  in  an  article  published  a  few  days 
after  this  fight,  which  occured  August  20,  stated  that  the 
"Yankee  cavalry  run  over  two  brigades  of  cavalry  and  three 
brigades  of  infantry  and  tw^o  batteries." 

Kilpatrick  and  his  command  made  the  complete  circuit 
of  Hood's  army,  starting  at  Sandtown,  the  extreme  right  of 
Sherman's  army,  and  came  into  the  lines  again  at  Decatur,  the 
extreme  left  of  the  Union  army.  They  were  out  five  days  and 
nights,  and  did  not  unsaddle  but  once.  This  was  a  very  sue- 


—273— 

cessful  raid,  and  was  uo  doubt  the  four  hardest  days'  and  nights' 
continuous  service  in  which  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  participated 
during  the  war. 

Many  of  the  raids  made  by  the  Confederate  cavalry  under 
Forrest,  Wheeler  and  John  Morgan  carried  havoc  in  the  rear 
of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  as  well  as  in  other  departments, 
and  w^ere  very  destructive  to  railroads  and  army  supplies. 

One  of  the  most  daring  raids  undertaken  by  either  the  Union 
or  Confederate  cavalry  during  the  w^ar  was  that  of  General  John 
Morgan  and  his  bold  riders  in  the  summer  of  1863,  but  it  re 
sulted  very  disastrously  for  the  forces  engaged,  as  Morgan  and 
almost  his  entire  command  wrere  captured. 

He  crossed  the  Ohio  Eiver  at  Brandenburg,  July  8,  1863, 
with  about  four  thousand  as  dashing  and  dare-devil  riders  as 
ever  mounted  a  thoroughbred  from  the  blue  grass  regions  of 
old  Kentucky. 

He  dashed  through  the  villages  of  Indiana  and  Ohio, 
marauding  and  destroying  property  with  a  speed  and  audacity 
worthy  of  a  better  cause. 

But  when  these  reckless  raiders  swept  through  the  sub 
urbs  of  Cincinnati  the  whole  country  wTas  awakened  and  there 
was  a  general  uprising  of  the  loyal  citizens  of  the  southern 
part  of  the  state  to  repel  this  invasion. 

Morgan  and  his  men  were  chased  back  and  forth  like  a 
hunted  fox  by  cavalry,  infantry  and  hundreds  of  citizens,  armed 
with  shot-guns  and  squirrel  rifles.  Finally  he  was  surrounded 
and  surrendered  at  Buffington  Island  on  the  nineteenth  day  of 
July,  1863,  only  a  remnant  of  his  command  escaping  across  the 
Ohio  River.  The  raid  was  a  complete  failure  and  was  very 
disheartening  to  the  Confederate  leaders,  as  it  convinced  them 
that  there  was  a  loyal  army  yet  in  reserve  in  the  northern  states, 
amply  able  to  repel  any  forces  that  might  invade  the  north. 

Eaids  were  of  almost  daily  occurrence  by  either  the  Union 
or  Confederate  cavalry  along  some  parts  of  the  battle  line,  ex 
tending  from  the  Atlantic  coast  to  Missouri,  during  the  last 
two  years  of  the  war,  but  the  most  destructive  and  successful 
raid  made  during  the  Civil  War,  and  it  may  well  be  doubted  if 
any  has  equalled  it  in  the  annals  of  that  service,  was  the  raid 
made  by  the  cavalry  corps  of  General  James  H.  Wilson  of  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland  after  the  battle  of  Nashville. 

Wilson  Raid. 

With  twelve  thousand  five  hundred  cavalry,  consisting  of 
the  divisions  of  Long,  Upton  and  E.  M.  McCook,  splendidly 
mounted  and  equipped,  Wilson  crossed  the  Tennessee  Elver, 
March  22,  1865,  with  Selma,  Ala.,  his  objective,  one  hundred 
and  eighty  miles  distant.  But  it  proved  that  each  division, 


—274— 

all  marching  on  different  roads,  had  to  travel  about  two  hun 
dred  and  fifty  miles  before  reaching  Selma. 

The  whole  country  wras  covered  with  water,  the  banks  of 
the  streams  were  overflowing,  and  the  conditions  could  not  have 
been  more  unfavorable  for  undertaking  such  an  expedition,  but 
all  of  these  obstacles  were  overcome,  and  the  swollen  streams 
were  crossed  by  swimming  the  horses  or  bridging  the  streams. 

General  Forrest,  the  great  cavalry  leader  of  the  Confed 
erates,  crossed  Wilson's  front  and  made  a  desperate  attempt 
to  check  him,  but  after  a  brisk  fight  he  was  brushed  away. 

Wilson's  bold  riders  dashed  rapidly  forward,  sweeping 
everything  before  them,  although  Forrest  made  a  stubborn 
resistance.  Selma  was  strongly  fortified  with  ditches  and  more 
than  twenty  bastions  and  redans,  with  several  strong  forts  in 
the  inside  lines.  The  works  were  mounted  by  thirty  field  guns 
and  two  thirty-pounder  siege  guns. 

The  works  were  stormed  by  eight  thousand  of  Wilson's 
veterans  and  the  city  was  captured  with  nearly  three  thousand 
prisoners,  thirty-two  field  guns  and  twenty-six  field  pieces,  fully 
mounted,  in  the  arsenal  and  gun  foundry  located  there,  with 
forty-six  siege  guns,  sixty-six  thousand  rounds  of  artillery  am 
munition,  twro  thousand  horses  and  one  hundred  thousand  small 
arms. 

The  arsenal,  with  more  than  forty  buildings,  were  destroyed, 
with  powder  works,  three  gun  foundries,  three  rolling  mills, 
machine  shops,  with  quartermaster  and  commissary  stores,  with 
all  kinds  of  war  material.  Wilson  then  moved  on  to  Montgom 
ery,  bridging  the  Alabama  River,  one  thousand  feet  wide,  at 
high  tide.  Montgomery  was  captured,  with  many  steamers 
loaded  with  supplies.  The  column  then  moved  rapidly  toward 
Columbus,  Ga.,  saving  the  bridges  across  the  Chattahoochee 
at  both  Columbus  and  West  Point.  The  works  at  West  Point 
were  strong,  and  were  attacked  by  dire  assault,  the  Union  forces 
capturing  two  hundred  and  sixty  men,  three  heavy  guns,  five 
hundred  small  arms,  twenty  locomotives,  and  about  two  hundred 
and  fifty  cars  loaded  with  supplies.  Moving  on  to  Columbus, 
Wilson  found  the  three  bridges  across  the  Chattahoochee  pro 
tected  by  strong  breast-works,  which  he  attacked  in  the  night. 
The  Confederates  made  a  vigorous  defence,  but  were  driven  from 
the  works  and  across  the  bridge,  closely  followed  by  our  forces, 
and  the  city  was  soon  in  possession  of  General  Wilson's  com 
mand. 

The  capture  here  was  upward  of  sixty  guns,  the  ram  "Jack 
son"  with  six  guns,  one  hundred  thousand  bales  of  cotton,  fifteen 
locomotives,  two  hundred  and  fifty  cars,  a  navy  yard  and  arsenal,, 
powder  mill,  ten  factories,  a  large  amount  of  artillery,  ammu 
nition  and  war  material. 


—275— 

Wilson  then  made  a  rapid  march  to  Macon,  capturing  the 
city,  with  a  large  amount  of  army  supplies,  and  wound  up  the 
campaign  by  the  capturing  of  Jeff.  Davis. 

General  Boynton,  one  of  the  most  reliable  and  careful  his 
torians  of  the  war,  thus  writes  of  the  Wilson  raid: 

"It  is  a  chapter  in  our  war  history,  than  which  no  other  is 
more  replete  with  thrilling  and  brilliant  incident,  with  skilful 
and  bold,  successful  execution. 

"No  purely  cavalry  campaign  during  the  war  approached 
it  in  these  features,  and  it  is  doubtful  whether  its  parallel  can 
be  found  in  the  cavalry  annals  of  any  modern  nation." 

The  First  Ohio  Cavalry  wras  prominent  in  the  Wilson  raid 
and  also  in  the  Wheeler  raid  through  Tennessee  and  Kilpatrick's 
raid  around  Atlanta. 

Camp  Life. 
By  C.  M.  Riggs,  Sergeant-Major,  First  O.  V.  C. 

A  distinguished  writer  once  said:  "No  truer  history  will 
ever  be  written  than  that  which  records  the  daily  life  of  the 
soldier,  as  witnessed  by  himself.  The  outlines  have  been  sketched 
by  master  hands;  but  the  living  panorama,  the  rugged  reality 
is  yet  unwritten.  Occasionally  one  who  shared  in  the  trials 
of  that  time  lets  memory  color  up  again  the  deeds  in  which 
he  wras  an  actor,  and  through  the  delicate  tracery  of  his  tongue 
or  pen  we  gather  the  true  story  of  the  real  and  stirring  scenes 
of  the  bivouac,  the  march  and  the  struggle.77 

This,  then,  comrades,  is  my  aim,  to  carry  you  with  me 
through  the  varied  scenes  of  our  camp-life,  including  the  almost 
daily  routine  of  picket  duty,  skirmishes  and  scouting  and  the 
hardships  and  privations  of  a  cavalryman  at  a  time  when  the 
infantry  and  artillery  are  enjoying  the  rest,  recreation  and  com 
forts  of  an  undisturbed  camp-fire,  feeling  secure  from  the  enemy, 
as  all  outposts  and  approaches  are  carefully  guarded  by  the 
cavalry.  Then  go  with  me  in  your  duties  as  a  soldier  from 
the  memorable  thirty-first  of  December,  1862,  when  General 
Bragg  writh  his  forces  greeted  us  quite  early  on  that  eventful 
morn,  and  from  w^hich,  as  the  extreme  right,  we  were  compelled 
to  fall  back.  On  a  rising  piece  of  ground  and  near  the  Bole 
Jack  Pike,  our  regiment  made  a  stand,  where  a  shell  from  a 
battery  of  the  enemy  took  the  life  of  our  brave  Major  Moore. 
Just  before  crossing  this  pike  we  came  near  being  flanked  by 
a  brigade  of  rebel  infantry,  who,  on  ascending  a  ridge,  came 
plainly  in  view,  being  then  about  two  hundred  yards  in  front 
of  us,  and  immediately  opened  fire.  I  remember  that  at  this 
time  I  was  riding  before  a  two-story  frame  house,  and  from  the 
crashing  of  the  panes  of  glass  in  the  upper  story  of  the  dwelling, 
that  could  be  plainly  heard,  I  was  very  glad  to  realize  that 
they  were  shooting  over  our  heads. 


—276- 

Shortly  after,  while  passing  through  a  strip  of  woods  a 
short  distance  from  where  Colonel  Millikin  issued  his  last  com 
mand  of  "Fours  right  about;  forward,  gallop,  charge !"  I  heard 
him  say,  in  speaking  of  the  death  of  Major  Moore:  "How  sad, 
but  none  of  us  know  how  soon  some  of  us  will  meet  the  same 
fate."  All  who  were  with  us  on  that  day  will  ever  remember 
the  scenes  and  incidents  of  that  grand  charge  in  which  Colonel 
Millikin  and  Lieutenant  Condit  were  killed,  and  many  others 
of  our  brave  comrades  killed,  wounded  and  taken  prisoners. 
Some  of  our  regiment  became  sadly  demoralized,  and  after  the 
charge  retreated  as  fast  as  their  horses  could  carry  them.  Ad 
jutant  "Scotty"  was  wounded  and  taken  by  the  Confederates 
to  a  house  within  sight  of  the  place  where  he  fell. 

Surgeon  Wirth  and  Hospital  Steward  Doty  were  captured 
and  taken  to  Murfreesboro,  where  they  did  noble  duty  in  admin 
istering  and  caring  for  the  wounded  in  the  temporary  hospital 
at  this  place.  Several  of  the  boys  who  were  captured  were  after 
wards  paroled. 

Sergeant  Newton,  of  Company  G,  tells  the  following  of  his 
escape.  While  being  taken  within  the  enemy's  lines  he  thought 
of  making  a  certain  sign  of  a  secret  order.  He  did  so,  and  the 
guard,  without  replying,  looked  away  from  him,  as  much  as 
to  say,  "Now  go,  and  go  quickly."  The  Sergeant  acted  on  the 
hint,  turned  his  horse,  and  spurred  away  to  our  lines  without 
a  shot  being  fired  at  him. 

On  January  1  Major  Laughliu  took  command  of  the  regi 
ment,  with  Major  Pugh,  of  the  Fourth  O.  V.  C.,  commanding 
the  brigade.  Colonel  Zahm  at  this  time  Avas  at  Nashville.  For 
three  days  the  regiment  did  picket  duty  near  Wilson  Creek, 
and  on  the  night  of  the  fourth  guarded  the  railway  bridge  which 
crosses  Stone's  River,  the  enemy  having  retreated.  Lieutenant 
Fordyce  and  I  slept  in  a  deserted  rebel  camp,  and  it  was  here 
that  I  first  formed  the  unpleasant  acquaintance  of  the  "gray- 
back,"  which  did  not  forget  to  make  me  several  visits  afterward. 

On  the  fifth  our  brigade  passed  through  Murfreesboro  and 
out  some  three  or  four  miles  on  the  Shelbyville  Pike,  but  being 
ordered  to  return,  we  came  back  through  town  and  went  about 
three  miles  to  Wilson  Creek,  where  we  went  into  camp.  On 
the  eighth  our  regiment  went  out  Wilson  Pike  to  the  Bole  Jack 
Pike  and  then  north  on  said  pike  to  Stuart's  Creek,  near  which 
we  camped  for  the  night. 

The  next  day  we  went  to  where  Stuart's  Creek  is  crossed 
by  the  Murfreesborough  and  Nashville  Pike,  in  which  vicinity 
we  remained  until  the  fourteenth  of  April. 

To  relate  the  almost  daily  scouting,  skirmishes,  night  pa 
trols  and  other  duties  of  our  regiment  during  this  time  would 
take  more  space  than  could  be  given  me.  I  will  give  only  a 
few  of  the  most  important. 


My  messmates  were  Quartermaster-Sergeant  Lieb,  Commis 
sary-Sergeant  Parsons  and  Bugler  Bush.  Sergeant  Lieb  left  us 
about  the  fifth  of  February,  he  being  commissioned  Second  Lieu 
tenant  and  assigned  to  Company  I,  and  our  chief  Bugler,  Henry 
Bush,  about  the  twenty-fifth  of  March  was  detailed  in  the  Topo 
graphical  Department  under  General  Eosecrans  at  Murfrees- 
boro. 

The  weather  of  January  and  February  and  up  to  near  the 
middle  of  March  was  often  very  cold  and  blustering,  with  the 
thermometer  once  or  twice  marking  zero;  but  part  of  the  time 
we  were  camped  in  a  cedar  thicket,  which  was  a  good  protection 
from  the  winds. 

We  had  the  experience  of  a  second  Camp  Frankenberger 
on  the  night  of  January  14.  During  the  night  the  waters  of 
the  creek  had  flooded  the  valley  where  a  part  of  our  boys  were 
camped.  In  the  morning  many  of  the  tents  were  swimming 
in  the  angry  waters,  the  occupants  having  escaped,  although 
many  of  them  barely  saving  their  lives,  by  wrading  or  swimming 
to  higher  ground.  To  add  to  these  discomforts  it  rained,  snowed 
and  sleeted  all  day  of  the  fifteenth,  causing  some  of  our  horses 
to  die  from  exposure.  Many  of  the  comrades  will  remember 
the  good  fire  the  writer  had  in  his  tent  during  all  this  day,  where 
the  unfortunate  ones  were  made  warm,  dry  and  happy.  While 
here  the  regiment  had  very  little  rest,  as  we  all  remember  the 
heavy  and  tiresome  scouts  by  day  and  night  to  the  Nolinsville 
hills,  Triune,  Jeffersonville,  and  across  Stone's  Kiver  at  different 
points,  and  even  to  Nashville  to  act  as  escort  to  wagon  trains 
for  Murfreesboro,  as  the  railway  was  not  completed  until  the 
middle  of  February. 

These  duties,  especially  that  of  picket  duty  and  patrolling 
at  the  fords  of  the  river  and  other  points,  were  unusually  severe 
until  the  sixth  of  February,  when  they  were  somewhat  light 
ened  by  our  force  attacking  Wheeler  and  Forrest's  cavalry  at 
Franklin,  where  they  defeated  the  enemy  and  took  possession 
of  the  town,  and  also  about  this  time  a  Union  force  was  sta 
tioned  at  Nolinsville. 

Lieutenant  Fordyce  was  Adjutant  up  to  the  fifth  of  March, 
when  he  was  promoted  to  Captain,  and  Lieutenant  Woodlief  was 
detailed  to  act  instead. 

About  this  time  an  order  was  issued  by  General  Stanley, 
Chief  of  Cavalry,  to  send  a  body  of  men  to  act  as  couriers  be 
tween  Triune  and  the  line  of  couriers  of  the  Murfreesboro  Pike. 
Captains  Pattin  and  Conn,  Lieutenant  Shultz,  eight  non-com 
missioned  officers  and  fifty  men  were  detailed  for  this  duty. 

One  pleasant  feature  of  our  stay  here  was  when  Major 
Whitehead,  the  paymaster,  gave  us  our  monthly  allowance  from 
Uncle  Sam;  our  visits  to  the  Sutler  of  the  Tenth  Indiana  In 
fantry  for  Hostetter's  Bitters,  etc.;  letters  and  newspapers  from 


—278— 

home;  games  of  "seven  up,"  and  especially  after  pay-day  mak 
ing  a  raid  against  "chuck-a-luck,"  going  into  the  fray  with  a 
full  purse  and  shortly  after  retreating  with  empty  pockets.  The 
boys  will  also  remember  the  barbecue  given  by  the  Third  O. 
V.  C.,  in  which  many  of  us  participated. 

Many  of  our  officers  took  advantage  of  our  camp-life  to 
pay  a  visit  to  friends  in  Ohio,  among  them  being  Majors  Cupp, 
Eggleston  and  Laughlin,  and  Captains  Waddle,  Pattin  and 
others. 

Among  the  many  scouts  and  hard  rides,  I  distinctly  recall 
the  one  of  the  twenty-fifth  of  March,  when  we  crossed  Stone's 
Elver  at  Atkinson's  Ford,  burnt  the  Buchanan  Mills  and  took 
the  old  gent  prisoner.  We  had  crossed  Falls  Creek  about  one 
mile  beyond  the  river,  when  we  gave  chase  to  some  rebels.  The 
old  gent  living  near  said  they  were  his  sons  and  only  skedaddled 
for  fear  we  would  take  their  horses.  An  old  lady  and  a  girl 
made  Rome  howl  w^hen  we  took  the  old  gent  prisoner.  Their 
antics  were  quite  laughable.  On  returning,  we  found  the  river 
very  high  on  account  of  the  heavy  rains,  but  into  it  we  went. 
My  horse  had  to  swim  for  several  rods,  and  as  it  was  now  dark, 
the  horse  became  entangled  in  some  brush  and  fell,  throwing 
me  into  the  water,  but  by  clinging  to  the  mane  finally  reached 
the  bank,  wet  and  cold.  Luckily,  on  reaching  camp  at  9  P.  M., 
found  a  good  fire  to  warm  and  dry. 

About  the  first  of  April  Lieutenant-Colonel  Laughlin  left 
us  and  many  of  the  boys  will  remember  some  of  the  stirring 
incidents  which  occurred  around  the  keg  of  beer  in  the  cedar 
thicket  at  the  time  of  his  departure.  Major  Eggleston,  who  soon 
afterward  was  promoted  to  Colonel,  UOAV  assumed  command. 

On  the  evening  of  the  tenth  of  April  the  First  Texas  and 
Second  Georgia  Cavalry,  under  Colonel  Ferrel,  captured  a  train 
at  Antioch  Church,  and  captured  several  officers  and  got  quite 
a  sum  of  money.  Major  Cupp,  Captains  Fordyce  and  Pattiu, 
Lieutenants  Pierce  and  Lieb,  and  Sergeant  Gordon  were  among 
the  number.  Captain  Pattin,  however,  escaped. 

On  the  fourteenth  of  April  the  field  and  staff,  with  Com 
panies  B  and  D,  left  the  pleasant  and  unpleasant  memories  of 
Stuart's  Creek  to  join  the  rest  of  the  regiment  at  Lavergne, 
which  was  a  burnt  village,  where  the  railway  crosses  the  pike 
and  being  midway  between  Nashville  and  Murfreesboro. 

On  the  seventeenth  Lieutenant  Woodlief  and  four  men  went 
to  Nashville  to  escort  his  brothers,  John  and  Tom,  who  were 
coming  with  sutler's  supplies  for  our  camp.  On  their  way  to 
Lavergne  they  were  attacked  by  a  squad  of  fifteen  rebels,  but 
after  a  sharp  skirmish  were  repulsed  by  our  small  force.  Lieu 
tenant  Woodlief  had  his  horse  shot,  and  one  of  the  rebels  was 
wounded. 

The  enemy  retreated  across  the  river.    Stone's  River  seemed 


CO.  B. 


Capt.  Samuel  W.  Fordyce. 


CO.   D. 


Capt.  Win.  II.  Scott. 

Assistant  Inspector  General  on  the  Staff  of  General  Kli  l,ong. 
Mortally  wounded  at  l_ovejo}-,  Ga.,  Aug.  20,  IXll-l. 


—279 

to  be  the  dividing  line  of  the  enemy  and  our  troops,  as  scarcely 
a  day  passed  but  shots  were  exchanged  across  the  river. 

On  the  twenty-second  of  April  the  detail  from  our  regiment, 
who  were  escorts  to  General  Thomas,  returned  and  Captain 
Barker,  of  Company  L,  with  his  company  took  their  places  as 
escort. 

On  the  twenty-sixth  Captains  Cutler  and  Hamilton  left  us, 
their  resignations  being  accepted. 

If  you  want  to  know^  of  the  horseback  rides  where  pleasure 
and  good  times  were  combined,  you  must  consult  Lieutenants 
Curry,  Eoush,  Siverd,  Lutz,  Woodlief,  Erwin  and  many  others 
of  my  friends  as  to  the  hospitality  of  the  Southern  ladies,  such 
as  were  found  in  the  families  of  the  brothers  Luck,  Len  Davis, 
Peoples,  Waldrens  and  Burnetts,  who  so  often  entertained  us, 
singing  with  them  the  Southern  songs  and  they  joining  with 
us  in  our  patriotic  songs.  The  boys  will  especially  remember 
one  of  the  daughters  of  Mr.  Burnett,  whose  husband  was  in  the 
Southern  army,  by  showing  her  love  for  the  South  by  wearing 
a  C.  S.  Belt. 

During  our  stay  at  Lavergne  many  of  the  officers  had  their 
wives  with  them.  I  believe  that  "Aunt  Mag"  was  one  of  the 
number,  who  was  then  the  wife  of  Captain  Pickering. 

From  May  7  to  30  I  was  with  a  detail  at  Louisville  after 
horses.  There  I  met  father,  mother  and  wife,  and  other  of  my 
comrades  met  their  friends,  and  we  all  had  a  most  enjoyable 
visit. 

On  June  18  our  camp  life  was  over,  as  orders  had  been 
received  to  report  to  Colonel  Long,  commanding  Second  Brigade, 
at  Murfreesboro. 

Of  the  advance  southward,  where  we  were  placed  on  the 
extreme  left,  the  incessant  rains,  the  muddy  roads,  the  tire 
some  march,  and  the  battles,  I  will  leave  for  history  to  record, 
and  now,  although  one-third  of  a  century  has  passed,  my  memory 
often  reverts  to  the  scenes  and  incidents  at  and  around  Stuart's 
Creek  and  Lavergne,  and  I  often  think  of  the  associations  which 
clustered  within  those  times,  the  songs,  the  games  and  the  drinks 
around  the  Sutler's  tent  or  from  the  same  canteen,  the  visits 
to  the  homes  of  the  Southern  belles,  the  patrols  on  Stone's  Eiver, 
at  Charlton,  Dobson,  Atkinson  and  other  fords,  the  hard  rides 
and  scouts  on  the  Jeffersonville,  Nolinsville,  Bole  Jack  and 
Murfreesboro  Pikes,  and  to  Antioch  Church,  Seroggsville, 
Smyrna  and  other  points.  And  now,  my  dear  comrades,  wher 
ever  you  may  be,  I  can  only  say,  "Good  cheer  and  happiness 
to  you  and  yours." 

Captain  William  H.  Scott. 
By  Captain  John  P.  Rea. 
One,  who  by  the  unaided  force  of  his  own  personality  uncon- 


—280— 

sciously  commands  the  respect,  confidence  and  admiration  of  his 
associates,  and  while  rapidly  rising  in  rank  and  authority  over 
them  awakens  no  jealousies,  but  fastens  them  to  him  with  con 
stantly  strengthening  bonds  of  friendship,  shows  the  possession 
of  the  best  elements  of  true  nobility.  Such  a  man  was  Captain 
"William  H.  Scott,  of  Company  D. 

He  fell  in  youth,  but  his  short  life  grew  a  manhood  as  strong, 
rugged,  gentle,  symmetrical  and  complete  as  ever  awakened  the 
hope  of  country,  inspired  the  confidence  of  friend,  or  warmed 
the  heart  of  home.  No  words  can  paint  him  here  as  he  rides 
ever  in  the  old  picture  painted  by  himself  on  the  canvas  of 
his  comrades'  memory. 

Not  only  among  the  men  of  his  own  regiment  is  he  remem 
bered,  but  by  all  who  ever  met  or  knew  him.  Twenty  years 
after  the  war  I  was  addressing  a  soldiers'  gathering  in  Minne 
sota,  when  a  voice  called  to  me  from  the  rear  of  the  hall,  saying: 
"Tell  us  about  'Scotty,'  the  ideal  soldier  of  the  old  brigade." 
The  voice,  as  I  afterwards  learned,  came  from  a  member  of  the 
Third  O.  V.  C. 

In  July,  1897,  I  spent  a  day  in  Calhoun,  East  Tennessee, 
where  our  regiment  was  stationed  for  some  weeks  in  the  winter 
of  1863-4.  I  found  the  old  residents  full  of  reminiscence  and 
praise  of  Lieutenant  Scott.  They  only  knew  him  for  a  few  weeks, 
a  third  of  a  century  before,  as  an  officer  in  war  time,  enforcing 
military  rule  in  their  midst.  Their  fresh  and  kindly  remem 
brance  is  a  better  monument  than  stone  or  bronze. 

His  soldier  record  is  told  in  the  regimental  history.  It  may 
be  epitomized  thus:  An  unknown,  friendless  Irish  boy;  a  pri 
vate  soldier;  Sergeant-Major;  Lieutenant;  Adjutant;  Captain; 
Staff  Officer;  the  trusted  friend  and  subaltern  of  Millikin,  Cupp 
and  Long;  every  rank  attained  and  every  confidence  secured 
by  demonstrated  merit.  To  say  that  he  was  brave  in  battle 
is  to  accord  him  only  the  just  tribute  due  every  manly  man 
who  goes  into  battle.  Gentle  by  nature,  tender  of  heart,  with 
out  the  slightest  suggestion  of  braggadocio;  careful  of  his  men; 
alert  to  every  contingency  of  danger  of  which  personally  he  never 
seemed  conscious,  he  revelled  in  the  storm  when  it  broke  and 
rode  the  fiery  front  of  battle,  a  veritable  prince  of  war.  He 
rose  with  so  little  friction  from  the  ranks,  and  breasted  every 
duty  and  occasion  with  such  ease,  that  those  who  knew  him  best 
felt  that  they  had  never  fathomed  his  full  capacity  of  daring 
and  doing.  He  had  decision  without  arrogance,  and  in  places 
of  peril  seemed  instinctively  to  know  what  to  do  and  where  to 
strike.  He  had  all  the  enthusiasm  of  a  knight  of  old  combined 
with  the  reckless  daring  of  the  typical  American  cavalryman. 

Those  who  saw  him  ride  like  a  centaur  upon  the  enemy's 
lines  at  Stone's  River,  and  saw  him  in  his  last  fight,  on  foot, 
with  his  shattered  right  arm  dangling  by  his  side,  waiving  his 


—281— 

saber  in  his  left  hand  as  he  charged  through  Wheeler's  lines 
at  Lovejoy  Station,  knoAV  that  ever  and  always  he  was  the  same 
dashing,  undaunted,  unconquerable  soldier.  He  was  a  strict 
disciplinarian,  but  not  a  martinet.  His  men  always  spoke  affec 
tionately  of  him  as  "Scotty,"  but  there  was  a  quiet,  unpretentious 
air  about  him  that  forbade  familiarity.  His  dignity  was  not 
of  the  kind  that  had  to  assert  itself,  it  was  "native  and  to  the 
manor  born";  it  commanded  instinctive  respect;  his  men  loved 
him  and  never  feared  to  follow  where  he  led,  and  he  always 
led  if  the  enemy  w^ere  in  front.  He  belonged  to  the  fated  ones, 
who  while  eagerly  seeking,  not  infrequently  emerged  from, 
glorious  battle  covered  with  wounds. 

In  that  heroic  charge  of  the  regiment  at  Stone's  River, 
riding  by  the  side  of  the  chivalric  Millikin,  he  received  a  terrible 
wound  in  the  groin;  a  moment  after,  as  he  lay  in  his  blood,  he 
saw  his  Colonel  and  best  friend  fall  a  few  feet  away,  while 
at  the  same  time  he  knew  that  his  old  Captain,  who  first  of 
all  had  recognized  his  worth,  was  dead  on  the  same  field. 

It  was  months  before  he  was  fit  for  duty,  but  he  was  in 
his  saddle  when  the  order  came  to  advance  in  the  summer  of 

1863,  and  though  saddened  by  the  loss  of  his  friends,  he  was 
buoyant  and  brilliant  as  ever.     He  rode  heroically  through  the 
campaigns  of  that  and  the  succeeding  year,  making  a  record  full 
of  dash  and  enterprise,  dazzling  with  valor  and  ending  with 
out  a  stain.    Shot  through  the  right  shoulder  and  knocked  from 
his  horse  in  Kilpatrick's  charge  at  Lovejoy  Station  in  August, 

1864,  he  rose  to  his  feet  and,  waving  his  sword  in  his  left  hand, 
followed  the  charging  column  through  the  enemy's  lines.     For 
seventy-five  miles  he  rode  uncomplainingly  over  rough  roads 
under  a  broiling  August  sun  in  an  ambulance:    all  the  weary 
way,  though  in  intense  pain,  cheering  his  wounded  companions. 

The  morning  after  reaching  our  camp  within  the  lines,  I 
was  awakened  by  Surgeon  Canaan  and  asked  to  go  with  him 
to  see  "Scotty."  On  the  way  he  told  me  that  Scott's  life  could 
only  be  saved  by  amputating  his  right  arm,  which  he  refused 
to  permit.  When  I  reached  his  ambulance  he  welcomed  me 
with  a  smile  and  cheerful  words.  I  sat  by  his  side  in  the  ambu 
lance  and  talked  for  an  hour.  He  then  told  me  the  story  of 
his  short  but  eventful  life.  I  urged  him  to  let  the  Surgeon 
have  his  way.  He  answered,  "No.  To  amputate  my  arm  it 
must  be  dislocated  at  the  shoulder.  That  will  leave  me  maimed 
and  disfigured.  I  can  die,  but  I  can  not  fight  the  battle  of  life 
alone  without  my  good  right  arm.  I  have  no  mother,  no  wife, 
no  relative  in  America;  except  my  comrades  there  are  none  to 
mourn  my  death;  I  want  to  live,  but  will  not  purchase  life  at 
such  a  cost."  Xo  persuasion  could  induce  him  to  consent  to 
the  operation,  and  after  lingering  some  weeks,  he  died. 

An  incident  occurred  while  I  was  talking  with  him  that 


—282— 

morning  that  lies  a  precious  pearl  on  the  beaten  shore  of  mem 
ory.  A  noble  boy  of  my  own  company  was  lying  mortally 
wounded  in  the  next  ambulance.  He  was  moaning  in  great 
pain.  The  Surgeon  came  up  and  was  getting  ready  to  dress  his 
wound,  when  Scott  heard  the  nioaus  from  the  next  ambulance. 
He  raised  his  head,  and  with  an  air  of  command  and  an  unselfish 
heroism,  equaling  that  which  made  the  dying  Sidney  immortal, 
said:  "Doctor,  don't  you  hear  poor  Steve  Barton?  Never  mind 
me,  let  me  alone  and  go  and  relieve  the  suffering  of  that  brave, 
dying  boy." 

In  the  center  of  one  of  the  circles  of  dead  in  the  National 
Cemetery  at  Chattanooga,  on  a  slope  looking  out  toward  the 
East  and  catching  the  first  rays  of  the  morning  sun  as  it  rises 
above  the  hallowed  heights  of  Missionary  Ridge,  there  is  a  little 
mound  with  a  little  head-stone  marked  "Captain  William  H. 
Scott,  First  Ohio  Cavalry." 

No  kindred  have  ever  visited  it,  no  woman's  tears  have 
ever  moistened  it:  but  under  that  mound  lies  one  whose  life 
was  as  clean,  whose  brain  was  as  clear,  whose  heart  was  as 
true  and  loyal,  whose  soul  was  as  chivalric  and  unselfish  as  the 
story  of  any  land  or  age  can  furnish. 

At  Chickamauga. 

On  a  pleasant  morning  in  September,  1863,  just  as  break 
fast  was  over,  the  bugles  called  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  to  "boots 
and  saddles."  There  was  nothing  remarkable  in  that  to  old 
troopers  wrho  had  completed  two  years  of  campaigning  with 
the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  but  it  was  the  summons  to  a 
day's  duty  long  to  be  remembered,  the  last  day  of  the  Battle 
of  Chickamauga. 

The  First  Ohio  Cavalry  at  that  time  belonged  to  the  Sec 
ond  Ohio  Brigade,  Second  Division  of  the  Corps  of  Cavalry. 
The  division  wras  commanded  by  General  George  Crook  and 
the  brigade  by  Colonel  Eli  Long.  To  our  brigade  was  attached 
two  guns  of  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery.  The  brigade 
was  composed  of  the  First,  Third  and  Fourth  Ohio  Volunteer 
Cavalry  and  the  Second  Kentucky  Cavalry. 

The  regiments  of  the  brigade  took  turns,  a  day  at  a  time, 
in  supporting  the  artillery,  and  this  day  it  was  supported  by 
the  First  Ohio.  We  soon  mounted,  moved  into  the  road,  followed 
the  battery  over  a  small  stream,  through  a  thin  wood,  and 
took  our  position  in  line  of  battle,  near  the  edge  of  an  open 
field,  on  the  extreme  right  of  McCook's  corps.  Some  days 
before  this,  in  our  marching  over  ridges  and  through  valleys, 
I  had  got  a  piece  of  Sand  Mountain  in  my  eye.  It  had  caused 
me  not  a  little  trouble,  and  I  had  tied  a  handkerchief  over  it. 
As  we  came  into  line  I  heard  a  comrade  remark,  "Sergeant 


—283— 

Chapin  is  going  one  eye  on  it!"  But  I  saw  enough  that  day 
with  one  eye  to  satisfy  me  fully.  Company  K,  to  which  I  be 
longed,  was  on  the  left  of  the  regiment,  with  our  battery  imme 
diately  to  the  left  of  this  company  and  about  thirty  feet  aw^ay. 

Before  we  were  in  line  that  morning  we  heard  the  roar 
of  big  guns  and  the  clatter  of  the  small  ones  off  to  the  left, 
giving  us  distinctly  to  understand  that  the  battle  was  on  once 
more.  We  sat  on  our  horses  with  the  open  field  before  us. 
The  enemy  was  too  far  away  to  be  reached  by  our  carbines. 
The  battery  immediately  opened  fire,  and  it  was  not  long  before 
it  wTas  answered  by  the  enemy's  artillery.  For  more  than  three 
hours  we  sat  there  mounted  beside  our  big  guns,  listening  to 
the  music  of  shot  and  shell  as  they  cavorted  past  us  and  over 
our  heads.  As  I  now  remember,  not  a  man  of  the  regiment 
was  that  day  hit  by  shot  or  shell  of  the  artillery;  their  firing 
was  too  high  and  went  over  our  heads.  Damage  was  done 
to  the  troops  immediately  in  our  rear  by  falling  branches  cut 
from  the  trees  by  these  shots. 

Colonel  Eggleston  being  in  Ohio  on  recruiting  service,  the 
command  of  the  regiment  devolved  on  Lieutenant-Colonel  Val 
entine  Cupp.  It  was  about  half  past  twelve  o'clock  when  the 
rebel  infantry  came  out  of  the  woods  into  the  open  field  in 
front  of  us.  We  had  been  in  line  under  fire  of  the  artillery 
at  least  three  hours,  but  it  hardly  seemed  fifteen  minutes,  so 
interesting  was  the  occasion. 

They  w^ere  Longstreet's  men,  and  they  advanced  in  three 
perfect  lines  of  battle  with  no  attempt  at  flanking,  but  appar 
ently  with  a  determination  to  take  by  main  force  all  that  wTas 
before  them.  On  they  came,  and  when  within  about  three  hun 
dred  yards  a  Lieutenant  of  General  Crook's  staff  rode  to  us, 
met  Adjutant  Scott  near  the  left  of  the  regiment  and  called 
out,  "The  orders  from  the  General  are  'Prepare  to  charge!1 ' 
The  Adjutant  immediately  reported  to  Colonel  Cupp,  and  the 
commands  were  given  to  sling  carbines  and  draw  sabers,  and 
in  this  position  we  waited,  every  moment  expecting  to  hear 
the  command  that  would  move  us  into  the  jaws  of  death  at 
a  gallop.  I  remember  as  distinctly  as  if  it  were  but  yester 
day  how  I  felt,  and  what  I  thought  during  the  few  moments 
we  thus  held  ourselves,  and  I  took  in  the  situation  before  us. 
Three  lines  of  rebel  infantry  with  loaded  guns  and  bayonets 
fixed,  were  before  us  and  coming  our  way,  and  we  were  to 
charge  into  those  bristling  walls  of  steel.  I  said  to  Sergeant 
Irwin,  on  my  left:  "If  the  charge  is  made  not  a  man  can  come 
out  alive."  The  suspense  was  not  long  continued,  for  General 
Crook,  seeing  that  all  was  not  right,  came  to  our  line  and  said: 
"The  order  was,  prepare  to  resist  the  charge!"  That  was  quite 
different,  and  I,  for  one,  felt  much  easier. 


—284— 

During  the  preparation  fur  a  charge  the  left  of  the  regi 
ment  had  been  moved  forward  some  three  or  four  rods,  so 
that  we  were  that  distance  in  advance  of  our  battery.  As  it 
was  thought  best  that  we  should  be  on  a  line  writh  it,  we  were 
moved  by  fours  left  about,  and  to  the  rear,  until  we  were  even 
with  the  guns,  and  then  by  fours  left  about  again  to  the  front 
and  in  line.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  we  turned  twice  by  fours 
left  about  in  the  very  face  of  the  infantry,  while  volley  after 
volley  from  the  small  arms  was  poured  into  us. 

All  this  time  our  artillery  had  kept  up  a  continuous  firing. 
Great  gaps  were  made  in  their  lines,  but  only  those  who  were 
mowed  down  halted;  the  living  came  on.  Then  came  the  strug 
gle;  all  that  could  be  done  with  carbine  and  revolver  to  keep 
back  lines  of  infantry  was  done;  we  were  simply  overpowered 
by  numbers.  The  killed  and  w^ounded  stopped  not,  nor  even 
checked  the  forward  movement  of  the  living.  A  desperate  effort 
was  made  to  capture  our  battery,  and  its  last  shot  was  fired  when 
the  advance  rebel  line  was  fifty  yards  away.  When  it  was  use 
less  to  remain  longer  it  limbered  up  and  went  to  the  rear  with 
little  less  speed  than  its  last  shot  had  gone  to  the  front.  When 
the  guns  which  it  was  our  duty  to  support  were  gone,  Colonel 
Cupp  gave  the  command,  "Fours,  left  about,  march !"  That  was 
his  last  command.  Ere  the  movement  was  completed,  a  minnie 
ball  struck  him  in  the  bowels  and  he  fell  from  his  horse  mor 
tally  wounded.  For  a  while  he  was  left  where  he  fell,  but 
late  in  the  evening  he  was  picked  up  by  some  of  the  members 
of  his  old  company  (F),  who  had  been  captured,  but  permitted 
to  return  to  look  for  him,  and  placed  in  one  of  the  hospital  tents 
near  Crawfish  Springs,  where  he  died  before  morning. 

Just  as  we  had  nearly  completed  the  "fours  left  about" 
in  the  face  of  the  charging  infantry,  a  rebel  officer  had  the 
impudence  to  shoot  me  with  his  revolver.  The  ball  struck  me 
just  back  of  the  right  shoulder,  passing  through  the  right  lung 
and  lodging  against  a  rib,  where  it  still  remains.  I  have  had 
the  pleasure  of  carrying  it  there  for  more  than  twenty-six  years. 
I  can't  say  that  the  shot  hurt;  it  was  only  a  sting,  but  served 
to  cut  my  breathing  short  and  bring  me  off  my  horse.  How 
ever,  I  held  him,  and  in  a  moment  remounted  hoping  to  be  able 
to  ride  away  from  the  fellows  in  gray,  who  w^ere  making  them 
selves  very  disagreeable. 

I  had  not  the  powrer  to  guide  my  horse;  he  ran  my  knee 
against  a  sapling,  a  knot  in  which  tore  a  hole  in  my  pants  and 
skinned  my  knee  and  shin  about  six  inches,  which  made  me 
lame  for  two  or  three  months.  I  concluded  that  my  only  sal 
vation  was  to  leave  my  horse,  or  rather,  to  allow  my  horse  to 
leave  me,  and  to  try  walking.  I  therefore  rolled  to  the  ground 
while  the  horse  was  on  the  run,  with  as  much  ease  and  grace 
as  a  drunken  man  might  roll  off  a  log. 


—285— 

Once  more  ou  terra  firina,  1  cleared  myself  of  carbine,  sabre, 
belt,  cartridge  box  and  revolver,  expecting  to  be  able  without 
these  traps  to  walk  away.  I  soon  found  that  I  had  not  enough 
breath  to  do  so,  and  therefore  secured  myself  as  best  I  could, 
from  flying  balls  and  running  horses,  behind  a  tree.  Just  as 
I  sat  down,  a  company  passed  me,  and  one  or  two  comrades 
offered  to  take  me  along  with  them.  I  could  not  talk,  and  kneAV 
I  could  not  ride  a  horse,  so  only  waved  my  hand  for  them  to 
go  on,  and  they  left  me.  On  the  advice  of  these  comrades  the 
next  morning's  report  said  that  I  had  been  killed  in  battle. 
The  Fourth  Michigan  Cavalry,  which  belonged  to  another  divi 
sion,  had  been  stationed  in  our  rear.  A  number  of  that  organi 
zation  advancing,  came  near  me.  I  was  thirsty.  My  canteen, 
with  haversack,  blanket  and  overcoat,  had  gone  with  my  horse. 
Seeing  a  Michigan  man's  canteen,  I  asked  him  for  a  drink  of 
water.  He  dropped  his  canteen  to  me  as  though  in  a  great  hurry, 
leveling  his  carbine  as  he  did  so.  "There  goes  another  Reb!!" 
he  cried.  I  turned  my  head  in  the  direction  he  had  indicated 
just  in  time  to  see  a  very  large  soldier  in  a  gray  uniform  fall 
forward  on  his  face.  He  was  dead.  I  sawT  him  next  morning 
lying  as  he  had  fallen. 

The  racket  of  war  went  merrily  on  around  me.  The  Union 
forces  gradually  fell  back,  leaving  the  battle  ground  in  posses 
sion  of  the  enemy.  I  remained  right  there  all  night  without 
dinner  or  supper.  I  don't  think  I  thought  about  eating.  After 
an  hour  or  so  the  noise  of  the  battle  had  entirely  died  away 
and  quiet  reigned.  I  sat  by  that  tree  —  I  could  not  lie  down. — 
and  reflected  upon  my  situation.  With  neither  overcoat  nor 
blanket  I  wras  uncomfortably  cool,  wounded,  maybe  mortally 
(although  I  did  not  think  so),  five  hundred  miles  from  home, 
not  a  friend  near,  in  an  enemy's  country  and  surrounded  by 
rebels.  Then,  too,  to  cap  the  climax,  in  the  deep  hours  of  the 
night,  when  darkness  had  settled  around  us,  there  came  to  my 
ears  the  terrible  groans  of  the  wounded  and  dying.  That  was 
the  longest  night  of  my  life.  I  cannot  say  that  I  was  blue,  but 
I  certainly  did  not  enjoy  my  surroundings. 

Dawn  wras  hailed  with  gladness.  As  soon  as  it  wras  light 
I  looked  around  me,  and  at  a  little  distance  saw  a  blue  smoke 
curling  up  through  the  brush.  It  was  a  welcome  sight,  for  I 
was  cold.  I  immediately  started  in  its  direction  as  rapidly  as 
possible.  I  was  still  quite  short  of  breath.  On  my  way  I  passed 
several  dead  bodies,  but  one  in  particular  attracted  my  atten 
tion.  It  was  that  of  a  Union  soldier,  lying  on  his  back,  his  face 
towrard  heaven,  his  features  in  no  way  disfigured  or  discolored. 
He  wTas  a  medium  sized  man,  with  a  rather  dark  complexion, 
black  hair  and  beard.  As  I  stopped  and  looked  at  him,  I  thought 
how  would  his  wife  feel  if  she  could  see  him  lying  there,  cold, 
stiff,  dead.  Doubtless  she  was  at  that  time  anxiously  waiting 


—286— 

for  the  tidings  from  him  that  never  came.  I  was  in  a  good 
condition  to  be  impressed  by  such  scenes  and  such  thoughts. 
I  went  on  my  way  and  soon  reached  the  fire.  An  old  pine  stump 
was  burning.  I  placed  myself  close  to  it  and  so  as  to  get  the 
benefit  of  the  fire  and  at  the  same  time  avoid  the  smoke.  I 
had  been  there  probably  half  an  hour  and  was  becoming  quite 
comfortable,  when  I  heard  a  crackling  in  the  brush  off  to  the 
south  a  little.  Looking  in  the  direction  of  the  noise,  I  saw  a 
rebel  Lieutenant  on  a  horse  and  a  private  on  a  mule  coming 
single  file  leisurely  toward  me.  They  were  ducking  their  heads 
and  craning  their  necks,  as  though  looking  for  something  par 
ticular.  I  watched  them  closely,  wondering  if  there  would  be 
more  shooting  when  they  saw  me.  I  had  no  gun.  They  soon 
discovered  me,  came  to  a  halt  and  asked  me  if  I  was  wounded. 
They  came  up  and  the  first  demand  the  officer  made  was:  "I 
want  those  spurs!"  I  had  a  first  class  pair,  for  which  I  had 
paid  my  own  good  money;  however,  I  made  neither  objection 
nor  reply,  but  simply  stretched  out  my  legs,  as  much  as  to  say, 
"If  you  want  them,  take  them.77  The  Lieutenant  dismounted, 
took  them  off,  and  with  the  composure  of  a  soldier  who  is  will 
ing  to  do  his  whole  duty,  adjusted  them  to  his  owrn  boots. 

The  next  demand  was  for  my  canteen,  but  that  I  asked  to 
keep  until  I  got  where  I  could  get  water.  The  request  was 
granted,  with  the  injunction  not  to  let  any  one  else  have  it. 
I  was  then  directed  to  walk  right  straight  up  to  the  vidette 
on  picket  post,  and  remain  there  until  my  captor  returned,  and 
should  anyone  attempt  to  take  that  canteen  away  from  me 
I  was  instructed  to  say  that  it  belonged  to  the  Lieutenant.  I 
did  as  directed,  and  when  at  a  proper  distance  from  the  picket 
was  halted,  questioned  and  ordered  to  advance.  The  first  friendly 
remark  the  guard  made  was,  "I  want  that  air  canteen."  When 
I  told  him  the  order  I  had  received  from  the  Lieutenant,  he 

muttered  an  oath,  adding,  "That  is  always  the  way,  the  d d 

officers  get  everything  that  is  w^orth  having.77  He  already  had  a 
canteen;  it  was  not  made  of  tin,  but  of  wood,  and  looked  like 
the  end  of  a  small  barrel. 

I  learned  this  was  an  outpost  of  the  enemy,  and  that  the 
party  which  had  made  a  prisoner  of  war  belonged  to  the  Fourth 
Georgia  Cavalry.  They  were  right  clever  fellows,  and  I  had 
no  reason  to  complain  of  their  treatment.  In  a  few  minutes 
the  Lieutenant  and  private  returned.  The  officer  rode  up  beside 
a  log  and  ordered  me  to  mount  behind  him,  saying  he  would 
take  me  to  a  house  near  by,  where  were  other  captured  "Yanks.7' 
With  the  assistance  of  the  soldier  I  mounted.  He  undertook  to 
trot  his  horse,  but  on  my  objecting,  he  walked  his  horse  the 
rest  of  the  way.  On  our  way  up  we  passed  the  reserve  guard, 
composed  of  an  officer  and  a  few  men.  The  officer  asked  me 
to  what  regiment  I  belonged,  and  when  I  told  him  the  First 


—287— 

Ohio  Cavalry  he  said  he  had  heard  of  that  regiment  before, 
and  added  that  when  he  saw  me  he  thought  I  belonged  to  that 
"d—  -  East  Tennessee  gang."  I  did  not  take  this  remark  as 
a  compliment.  He  also  asked  me  what  we  meant,  anyway, 
by  coming  down  there  to  fight  them,  and  what  we  expected  to 
do.  I  replied  that  I  was  too  short  winded  to  talk  much,  but  if 
he  would  wait  till  I  got  my  breath,  I  would  argue  the  case 
with  him.  He  did  not  seem  to  be  in  a  very  good  humor;  I  do 
not  think  he  had  been  to  breakfast,  or  perhaps  he  had  been 
disturbed  in  his  last  night's  rest.  I  was  somewhat  uneasy  in 
his  presence,  and  was  relieved  when  the  officer  who  had  me 
in  charge  moved  on  towards  the  house. 

We  soon  reached  the  place,  a  log  house  with  a  "lean  to," 
and  there,  sure  enough,  were  about  forty  Union  prisoners,  and 
one  of  our  surgeons  who  had  been  captured  and  retained  to 
dress  wounds.  A  guard  was  around  the  house  and  yard.  When 
I  had  been  put  inside  the  inclosure,  the  Lieutenant  took  my  can 
teen,  or  rather  the  one  belonging  to  the  Michigan  cavalryman, 
bade  me  good-bye,  and  that  was  the  last  I  saw  of  him.  I  have 
often  wished  I  could  have  that  canteen  back.  About  eleven 
o'clock  that  day  I  ate  for  the  first  time  since  breakfast  the 
morning  before.  The  entire  meal  consisted  of  rnush  made  with 
a  great  deal  of  water  and  a  very  little  corn  meal.  There  was 
no  salt  in  it.  Nor  did  we  get  anything  more  while  we  remained 
at  this  house.  Sometime  during  the  forenoon  of  the  next  day 
the  Surgeon  got  around  to  me.  After  learning  the  location  of 
my  wound,  he  assisted  me  in  taking  off  my  jacket,  slit  my  shirt, 
and  when  I  told  him  that  the  ball  had  not  come  out  he  began 
talking  about  probing  for  it.  That  made  me  tremble.  I  felt 
sure  that  I  could  not  endure  the  process  of  probing  through 
my  lung,  so  I  said  quietly,  "I  am  not  much  hurt,  there  are  many 
others  here  who  need  your  attention  more  than  I  do."  That 
seemed  to  call  his  attention  to  the  Avork  before  him.  He  looked 
at  the  wound,  took  a  piece  of  muslin  about  an  inch  and  a  quar 
ter  square,  covered  one  side  with  simple  cerate,  put  something 
sticky  around  the  edges,  and  slapped  it  over  the  wound.  That 
was  all  the  dressing  it  ever  had,  although  it  was  over  two  months 
before  I  could  lie  on  my  left  side. 

On  Wednesday  afternoon  it  was  thought  best  to  move  the 
patients  to  the  great  hospital  tents  which  had  been  captured 
and  put  up  near  Crawfish  Spring.  There  was  no  ambulance 
in  sight;  a  farm  wagon  of  ancient  pattern  was  found,  the  reach 
lengthened  so  that  the  longest  slabs  and  poles  on  the  premises 
would  fit  as  bottom  boards,  a  mule  and  an  old  horse  were  har 
nessed  with  "gears"  peculiar  to  that  country  at  that  time,  the 
wounded  men  were  piled  on  and  the  load  started  for  the  hospital 
tents.  That  vehicle  and  its  load  were  a  picture.  Thanks  to 
the  driver  for  his  care  and  judgment,  the  wagon  reached  its 


—288— 

destination  without  an  accident  or  a  scare.  We  went  into  the 
tents  with  other  wounded  captives.  There  was  not  too  much 
room  for  comfort,  but  we  were  not  expecting  comfort,  and  were 
satisfied  if  only  allowed  to  live.  I  could  walk  by  taking  my 
time  to  it,  so  each  day  during  our  .stay  here  I  visited  the  big 
spring  several  times  and  partook  of  the  water  freely;  it  seemed 
to  do  me  about  as  much  good  as  the  mush. 

Many  poor  fellows  died  every  day.  Some  were  shockingly 
hurt.  I  remember  a  case  where  the  ball  had  passed  in  at  the 
corner  of  the  mouth  on  the  right  side,  hardly  cutting  the  skin, 
through  the  tongue,  and  out  back  of  the  jaw,  at  the  lobe  of  the 
left  ear.  That  man  could  not  talk  when  I  saw  him  on  account 
of  his  tongue  being  too  big.  I  saw  another  man  with  both  eyes 
shot  out;  the  ball  had  gone  just  far  enough  to  destroy  his  sight. 
There  were  many  peculiar  wounds  and  many  terribly  distress 
ing  ones. 

While  here  General  Bragg  sent  word  to  General  Kosecrans, 
who  wras  at  Chattanooga,  that  if  he  would  load  his  ambulance 
with  the  badly  wounded  Confederate  prisoners  at  Chattanooga, 
parole  them,  and  send  them  through  the  lines  as  far  as  Craw 
fish  Springs,  he  (Bragg)  would  immediately  return  the  ambu 
lances  filled  with  badly  wounded  Union  soldiers.  This  Kose 
crans  agreed  to,  and  on  the  twenty-ninth  of  September,  nine 
days  after  the  battle,  the  ambulance  train  made  its  appearance. 
The  wounded  "Johnnies"  were  taken  out,  the  ambulances  turned 
by  driving  around  a  loop,  our  men  were  put  in  and  the  procession 
moved  slowly  toward  the  North.  I  was  one  of  the  number  of 
more  than  two  thousand  wounded  men  who  were  thus  saved. 
At  that  time  I  did  not  appreciate  what  I  missed,  for  those  who 
were  only  slightly  wounded  and  therefore  not  permitted  to  join 
us  were  sent  to  the  fearful  Andersonville  Prison.  The  trains 
moved  back  over  the  road  along  which  General  Thomas  did  his 
desperate  fighting  on  the  twentieth.  The  dead  bodies  had  been 
taken  out  of  the  track  and  piled  up  at  the  sides  of  the  road 
to  allow  the  wagons  to  pass  and  not  run  over  them.  There 
they  were  on  either  side,  so  close  I  could  have  touched  them 
with  my  hand  as  the  ambulance  passed  along.  Some  were  in 
blue  and  others  in  gray,  but  all  so  black  and  swollen  one  could 
not  have  recognized  the  features  of  his  nearest  friend.  Xo 
tongue,  no  pen  can  describe  the  scene;  its  horrors  cannot  even 
be  imagined.  It  was  the  most  horrible  sight  I  have  ever  wit 
nessed. 

A  white  flag  had  been  placed  about  half  way  between  the 
Union  and  Confederate  lines;  at  that  point  officers  of  each  army 
were  stationed.  As  each  vehicle  came  to  the  flag  the  rebel 
driver  got  off,  and  the  Union  driver  got  on.  Ere  we  reached  tlie 
line  it  was  dark,  and  ten  o'clock  by  the  time  we  were  safe  in 
Chattanooga. 


—289— 

The  most  of  us  put  up  at  the  Critchfield  House,  apparently 
the  most  popular  house  in  the  city.  I  bothered  neither  clerk  for 
a  room  nor  porter  with  my  baggage,  but  without  waiting  for 
supper,  hung  myself  up  on  the  floor,  took  a  lean  on  the  wall  and 
thought  myself  lucky.  There  was  not  an  inch  of  space  on  the 
floor  that  night  not  occupied  by  a  wounded  soldier. 

At  that  time  I  did  not  appreciate  my  good  fortune  in  being 
sent  through  the  lines,  but  now,  when  I  reflect  upon  the  damnable 
treatment  of  Union  soldiers  in  rebel  prisons,  I  am  doubly  thank 
ful  that  I  was  sent  north,  for  those  of  us  who  were  left  on  the 
battlefield  of  Chickamauga,  and  who,  by  reason  of  the  slightness 
of  their  wounds,  were  not  sent  with  us  to  Chattanooga,  went 
the  other  way,  and  stopped  at  the  first  station  this  side  of  Hades, 
Andersonville! 

JOHN   W.    CHAPIN, 
Sergeant,  Company  K,  First -Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry. 

Extracts  from  the  "Cavalier,"  a  Paper  Published  by  the  Members  of  the 
Regiment,  at  Fayetteville,   Tenn.,  in  the  Summer  of  1863. 

Fayetteville,  Tenn.,  July  31,  1863. 
Messrs.  Editors: 

Some  of  your  readers  will  be  interested  with  the  detail  of 
the  cavalry  fight  which  took  place  on  Elk  River  on  the  second 
day  of  July. 

Our  cavalry  left  Hillsboro,  Tenn.,  at  break  of  day,  and 
marched  rapidly  in  the  direction  of  Winchester,  where  we  came 
within  a  short  distance  of  the  river.  Our  advance  came  up 
to  a  party  of  rebel  cavalry  and  drove  them  back.  Dismounted 
skirmishers  were  throw^n  out,  who  soon  succeeded  in  driving 
them  across  the  river. 

With  the  river  between  us,  and  a  forest  on  either  side,  the 
contest  could  not  be  decided,  so  one  piece  of  artillery  from  the 
Board  of  Trade  Battery,  commanded  by  Captain  Stokes,  and 
supported  by  Colonel  Eggleston,  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  with 
Company  F  of  his  command,  was  put  into  position.  A  few 
rounds  of  shell  put  them  to  flight,  and  their  musketry  was  not 
again  heard  from. 

For  quite  a  while  all  was  quiet,  and  our  officers  were  con 
sulting  as  to  the  propriety  of  crossing  the  river,  when  the  rebel 
artillery  opened  upon  us  from  an  elevated  position  on  the  other 
side.  At  once  we  moved  our  guns  to  a  more  commanding  posi 
tion,  and  at  once  dismounted  one  of  the  rebel  guns,  and  so 
demoralized  their  forces  that  they  gave  up  the  position. 

After  resting  a  short  time  and  receiving  reinforcements, 
we  proceeded  to  cross  the  river,  which  we  did  without  any  oppo 
sition  whatever. 


—290— 

We  had  proceeded  but  a  short  distance  on  the  other  side,, 
when  we  found  their  cavalry  in  line.  But  this  did  not  stop 
our  progress,  for  on  we  went,  charge  after  charge  was  made 
with  the  saber,  laying  open  the  heads  and  piercing  the  hearts 
of  those  in  arms  against  us.  Thus  the  battle  went  on  until  night 
had  thrown  her  sable  curtain  over  the  battle-field  and  put  an 
end  to  the  fight. 

The  following  day  our  infantry  buried  twenty-two  rebels 
who  were  killed  in  this  fight.  Colonel  Webb,  of  the  Fourth 
Georgia  Cavalry,  was  mortally  wounded.  He  died  next  day. 
This  is  the  officer  who  received  Vallandigham  at  the  rebel  pick 
ets.  One  other  Colonel  was  wounded,  whose  name  cannot  be 
given. 

This,  Messrs.  Editors,  is  a  very  short  account  of  one  day's 
work  during  our  advance  from  Murfreesboro. 

J.  W.  L. 

Fayetteville,  Tenn.,  July  31,  1863. 
Messrs.  Editors: 

In  compliance  with  several  requests,  I  herewith  furnish  you 
with  the  details  of  the  part  taken  in  the  pursuit  of  Bragg's 
army  from  Tullahoma  by  Company  B,  First  Ohio  Cavalry.  The 
company  marched  with  the  regiment  from  Murfreesboro  the 
twenty-fourth  of  June;  remained  with  the  regiment  from  Mur 
freesboro  at  Manchester,  at  which  place  we,  with  three  other 
companies  of  our  regiment,  were  detached  and  ordered  to  report 
to  General  Branan,  in  advance  on  the  road  leading  to  Tullahoma. 
On  the  morning  of  the  first  of  July  information  was  received 
of  the  evacuation  of  Tullahoma  by  the  rebel  forces.  We  w^ere 
then  ordered  to  report  to  General  Negley,  whose  division  wras 
in  the  advance  on  the  road  leading  to  the  bridge  on  the  direct 
Tullahoma  and  Winchester  road.  We  were  deployed  on  the 
right  of  Negley's  division,  and  moved  forward  in  the  direction 
of  Elk  River  bridge.  Skirmishing  commenced  early,  and  con 
tinued  at  intervals  until  late  in  the  afternoon,  when  we  struck 
a  column  of  rebel  infantry  and  cavalry  marching  on  the  Tulla 
homa  road  in  the  direction  of  Elk  River  bridge.  A  sharp  fight 
ensued,  which  lasted  about  twenty  minutes.  We,  Companies  B, 
H  and  D,  First  Ohio,  and  Companies  A  and  L  of  Second  Ken 
tucky  Cavalry,  holding  our  ground  against  more  than  four  times 
our  number  until  our  ammunition  exhausted,  and  wTe  were 
ordered  back  to  make  room  for  our  Infantry.  Prisoners  of  the 
Seventh  Alabama  Cavalry,  subsequently  taken,  report  the  en 
emy's  loss  in  this  fight  to  have  been  seven  killed  and  twenty- 
three  wounded.  We  marched  from  that  place  to  Winchester, 
at  which  place  we  arrived  on  the  third  day  of  July.  On  the 
seventh  we  were  sent  back  to  Estel  Springs,  seven  miles  from 
Tullahoma,  to  bring  rations  forward  for  the  regiment.  We 


—291— 

crossed  Elk  River  and  procured  the  rations,  but  on  returning 
found  the  river  past  fording  and  that  we  would  be  compelled 
to  swim  our  horses,  which  we  did  without  any  accident  or  loss. 
After  the  horses  were  all  over,  Sergeant  Bumgardner,  of  Com 
pany  B,  in  company  with  seven  others,  attempted  to  cross  in 
a  canoe.  When  they  reached  the  middle  of  the  stream  the  canoe 
capsized,  and  despite  the  efforts  of  a  dozen  of  the  best  swimmers 
present,  Sergeant  Bumgardner  was  drowned.  The  other  six 
came  safely  to  shore. 

Sergeant  Bumgardner  was  a  gentleman  and  a  soldier  the 
full  sense  of  the  term.  It  was  only  necessary  that  every  one 
should  know,  to  love  and  admire  him.  We  all  share  and  mourn 
with  his  friends  and  relatives  his  untimely  loss. 

Company  B  is  now  in  fine  condition  for  service,  except  cloth 
ing,  which  is  well  worn,  and  the  supply  at  this  time  happens 
to  be  short;  but  we  think  it  will  not  be  long  until  we  have  an 
ample  supply.  C. 

A  Perilous  Mgt  Ride  During  the  Advance  Upon  Cirinth,  Miss. 

Early  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  it  wras  my  fortune  to  be 
detailed  for  duty  at  the  headquarters  of  that  noble  Virginian, 
grand  "Old  Pap  Thomas/7  under  whom  I  served  for  over  a  year. 
During  the  advance  of  the  Union  forces,  under  command  of 
General  Halleck,  upon  Corinth,  Miss.,  after  the  bloody  battle 
of  Shiloh,  or  Pittsburg  Landing,  we  passed  through  and  beyond 
the  little  hamlet  of  Monterey  and  were  nearing  the  enemy's 
lines.  The  General,  staff,  and  escort  being  in  advance,  a  mounted 
skirmish  line  of  the  escort  was  formed  under  command  of  Lieu 
tenant  Barker,  and  was  ordered  to  advance.  We  moved  forward 
in  column  of  fours  into  a  heavy  belt  of  timber,  in  the  midst  of 
which  we  were  halted  and  ordered  to  see  that  every  carbine 
was  loaded,  and  the  necessary  instructions  were  given  in  case 
the  enemy's  position  was  uncovered.  The  command  "Forward" 
was  given,  and  upon  reaching  the  edge  of  the  timber  the  column 
was  deployed  and  moved  out  into  the  open  field  and  within  a 
short  distance  of  another  densely  wooded  and  more  extensive 
tract,  where  we  were  halted.  Of  course  we,  or  I,  at  least,  imag 
ined  a  rebel  behind  every  tree,  and  expected  every  moment 
to  see  the  flash  of  the  guns  and  hear  the  whistle  of  the  balls; 
but,  fortunately  for  the,  then,  inexperienced  line  of  skirmishers, 
the  enemy  had  urgent  business  a  little  nearer  Corinth  and  we 
were  not  molested.  The  recall  was  sounded  and  we  withdrew 
and  went  into  camp  at  the  outskirts  of  the  little  hamlet.  This 
movement  was  made  by  the  General  for  the  reason  that  the 
infantry  columns  were  still  to  the  rear  struggling  through  the 
sea  of  mud,  he  intending  to  establish  his  headquarters  for  the 
night  at  this  place,  and  in  order  to  satisfy  himself  of  the  prox- 


—292— 

iniity  of  the  enemy,  he  sent  out  this  skirmish  line  of  his  escort, 
as  no  other  troops  were  near.  After  having  made  the  necessary 
preparations  for  some  sort  of  shelter,  we  being  without  tents 
for  the  night,  and  had  just  about  completed  a  "couch"  without 
the  "down/'  in  the  shape  of  a  section  of  bark  stripped  from  a 
large  tree.  I  carefully  placed  pieces  of  timber  and  bark  in  as 
dry  a  spot  as  I  could  find,  and  then  the  bark  previously  provided 
was  laid  on  top  of  this  superstructure  to  keep  out  of  the  mud. 
which  was  almost  deep  enough  to  sink  one  "out  of  sight"  with 
out  these  precautions.  My  saddle  was  placed  for  a  pillow,  the 
blanket  spread  and  the  "poncho"  for  cover,  and  was  about  to 
turn  in,  when  the  Lieutenant  rudely  disturbed  my  anticipated 
"snooze"  by  ordering  me  to  saddle  my  horse,  take  carbine  and 
revolver  and  report  at  once  to  Captain  Flint,  who  was  the  Assist 
ant  Adjutant-General  on  the  staff  of  General  Thomas.  It  being 
tne  duty  of  a  soldier  to  obey  orders  without  question,  I  rather 
reluctantly  left  my  quarters,  saddled  my  horse  and  reported. 
The  Captain  handed  me  a  dispatch,  gave  me  the  "countersign," 
and  instructed  me  to  proceed  to  the  headquarters  of  General 
Lanman,  on  the  right  of  our  army,  deliver  the  dispatch,  take  a 
receipt  for  the  same  and  return  in  the  shortest  possible  time. 
He  also  gave  me  the  information  that  our  lines  and  those  of  the 
enemy's  were  only  a  short  distance  apart,  and  that  I  should 
exercise  the  greatest  caution  to  keep  within  our  own  lines. 
After  receiving  these  instructions,  it  being  then  already  dark, 
I  started  and  soon  entered  a  piece  of  woods  where  the  darkness 
grew  intense.  Numerous  camp-fires  were  seen  ahead,  and  to 
wards  them  I  rode  and  was  soon  halted  by  a  camp  guard.  I 
satisfied  him  that  my  business  to  be  outside  of  the  line  was 
all  right,  and  he  permitted  me  to  proceed.  I  managed  to  get 
through  these  woods  all  right  and  had  an  open  space  for  quite 
a  distance,  and  then  again  into  the  woods.  I  did  not  ride  very 
far  when  a  sharp  and  determined  "Halt,  who  comes  there?" 
startled  me,  in  fact,  scared  me  so  that  I  imagined  my  cap  was 
slowly  moving  in  the  direction  of  the  tree-tops.  However,  I 
managed  to  reply,  in  time,  "Friend,  with  the  countersign."  The 
cheeky  infantryman  compelled  me  to  dismount  and  at  the  point 
of  the  bayonet  received  the  magic  word.  He  was,  however, 
not  satisfied  until  he  had  called  the  Sergeant,  who  permitted  me 
to  pass  and  also  gave  additional  instructions.  I  got  along  all 
right  for  some  time,  but  got  into  trouble  once  more  in  the  inky 
darkness.  My  horse  stumbled  on  a  fallen  log,  and  down  he  went, 
but  I  managed  to  hang  on  until  he  regained  his  footing,  and 
before  I  had  time  to  think  about  my  mishap  I  was  still  worse 
scared  by  one  of  those  unseen  pickets,  who,  no  doubt,  was  as 
badly  demoralized  as  I  was  by  the  manner  in  which  I  approached 
his  post.  This  soldier  was  easily  satisfied  that  I  was  "all  right" 
and  entitled  to  pass.  I  was  glad  to  find  I  had  not  struck  a  rebel 


—293— 

picket  and  still  without  the  enemy's  lines,  as  I  was  outside 
of  our  lines  several  times.  After  receiving  the  welcome  infor 
mation  that  I  was  near  the  end  of  my  ride  —  Lanman's  division 
was  next  to  their  right  —  I  rode  on  and  finally  reached  his  head 
quarters  without  further  mishap.  I  delivered  the  dispatch  to 
the  General  in  person,  who  receipted  for  it,  noting  hour  and 
minute  when  received.  He  also  instructed  me  as  to  the  proper 
directions  to  take  and  the  different  bodies  of  troops  through 
whose  camps  I  must  pass.  I  thanked  him,  bid  him  good  night, 
and  started  upon  my  return.  I  had  almost  a  similar  experience, 
only  I  managed  to  keep  in  line  of  the  camps,  and  had  only  the 
guards  of  these  camps  halt  me,  instead  of  the  pickets.  I  finally 
reached  headquarters  about  two  o'clock  A.  M.,  reported  to  Cap 
tain  Flint,  and  then  attended  to  the  wants  of  my  horse,  after 
which  I  took  possession  of  the  bark  trough,  and  it  was  some 
time  before  I  got  over  the  excitement  of  the  night  ride  and  fell 
asleep.  I  was  a  boy  then,  and  I  sometimes  want  to  make  believe 
I  am  a  boy  yet,  but  the  gray  beard  gives  that  awray.  I  am  very 
much  inclined  to  think  that  such,  and  still  many  vastly  more 
dangerous  experiences  during  a  term  of  four  years7  active  service 
at  the  front,  had  much  to  do  with  the  change  to  gray.  I  notice 
nearly  all  of  the  "old  boys"  are  stuck  on  the  same  color,  but 
whether  it  was  caused  by  similar  experiences  or  not,  it  is  not 
for  me  to  say;  but  this  I  do  say,  it  is  a  great  wonder  indeed 
that  the  entire  crop  was  not  lost  before  it  had  time  to  turn  gray. 

JOHN  S.  DOLLINGEB, 

Late  Sergeant-Major  and  formerly  Member  of  Com 
pany  I,  First  Eegiment  O.  V.  C. 

Flags  of  Truce. 

The  first  flag  of  truce  that  came  into  our  lines  after  we  went 
into  the  service  was  in  front  of  Corinth,  Miss.,  about  the  middle 
of  May,  1862.  A  general  forward  movement  of  the  Army  of 
Ohio  had  been  made  on  the  left  across  swamps,  and  through 
dense  woods  and  thickets,  and  we  had  some  sharp  skirmishing. 
When  the  line  halted,  the  pickets  were  thrown  well  forward 
and  the  reserve  was  located  at  the  "Driver  House,"  where  there 
were  cross-roads.  The  Driver  House  was  a  very  important  point 
in  our  lines  for  some  time,  and  was  well  known  to  all  soldiers 
of  the  Army  of  Ohio  on  the  left.  Company  K  was  detailed  for 
picket  and  the  videttes  w^ere  in  easy  hearing  distance  of  the 
drums  beating  the  calls  in  the  rebel  fortifications  in  Corinth. 
We  were  on  duty  all  night  and  the  next  day  about  noon  the 
attention  of  the  picket  was  attracted  by  the  shrill  notes  of  a  bugle 
in  the  direction  of  the  rebel  camps,  and  it  seemed  to  be  slowly 
approaching  our  lines.  In  a  few  minutes  a  cavalry  command 
was  seen  advancing  with  a  bugle  at  the  head  of  the  column 


—294— 

sounding  the  calls,  and  we  were  at  first  of  the  opinion  that  the 
enemy  contemplated  an  attack  on  the  outposts. 

They  moved  steadily  forward  and  the  white  flag  soon  ap 
peared,  which  was  quite  a  relief,  and  the  reserve  galloped  for 
ward  and  halted  the  cavalcade  at  the  picket  line.  My  recol 
lection  is  that  General  Pegram  was  in  command,  and  they  had 
in  charge  a  number  of  prisoners.  The  escort  and  prisoners  were 
detained  at  the  outpost  until  a  communication  from  General 
Bragg  wTas  sent  to  General  Halleck's  headquarters.  The  escort 
was  a  cavalry  company  from  New  Orleans,  and  they  were  of 
the  elite  of  the  city,  elegantly  equipped  and  splendidly  mounted. 
They  were  detained  about  twTo  hours  and  we  had  a  very  pleasant 
visit,  as  they  dismounted  and  Yank  and  l\eb  wTere  soon  engaged 
in  a  game  of  "Poker"  or  "Seven  up." 

During  the  truce  there  was  no  firing  on  the  picket  line, 
but  as  soon  as  they  left  our  picket  line  and  had  sufficient  time 
to  get  back  to  the  main  line,  the  pickets  commenced  banging 
away  as  usual,  and  the  seeming  friends  of  a  few  minutes  before 
were  again  deadly  enemies  seeking  each  other's  lives.  Such  are 
some  of  the  episodes  of  war  and,  as  was  truly  said  by  General 
Sherman,  "War  is  cruelty  and  you  cannot  refine  it."  When 
the  prisoners  brought  in  under  the  flag  of  truce  were  halted  at 
the  outpost  they  wrere  ragged,  tired,  and  hungry,  and  we  at 
once  commenced  dividing  up  our  rations  wTith  them.  I  rode 
up  to  a  fine-looking  young  cavalryman,  to  whom  I  was  attracted 
by  his  unusual  appearance,  as  his  hair  wras  very  black,  except 
ing  the  eyebrow  and  eyelashes  on  one  side  and  a  streak  of  hair 
on  the  same  side  of  his  head  about  an  inch  wide  was  white  as 
snowr.  I  divided  up  my  rations  with  him  and  learned  that  his 
name  was  Eb.  Cook,  that  he  was  a  Sergeant  in  the  Fifth  Ohio 
Cavalry  and  had  been  captured  about  the  time  of  the  battle 
of  Shiloh.  He  had  neither  jacket  or  blouse,  was  in  his  shirt 
sleeves,  and  was  very  much  rejoiced  to  get  back  to  our  lines 
again.  These  prisoners  were  paroled  by  the  rebels  and  were 
sent  North  to  parole  camp  by  order  of  General  Halleck.  And 
now  the  sequel  to  this  incident,  which  perhaps  had  almost  passed 
out  of  my  mind  when  I  was  taken  prisoner  a  few  months  later. 

I  was  paroled  and  sent  to  Camp  Jackson,  near  Columbus, 
in  the  fall  of  1862,  and  one  of  the  first  men  I  met  was  Sergeant 
Cook,  and  he  and  I  became  warm  friends,  and  this  friendship 
continued  until  his  death  a  few  years  after  the  war.  We  often 
talked  of  our  first  meeting  on  the  picket  line  near  Corinth,  when 
he  was  foot  sore,  tired,  ragged  and  hungry  on  that  warm  May 
day  in  1862,  when  I  divided  my  rations  with  him  and  "we  drank 
from  the  same  canteen." 

Another  flag  of  truce  came  into  our  lines  when  our  regiment 
was  on  outpost  duty  near  Bardstown,  Ky.,  in  the  fall  of  1862. 
The  escort  of  the  flag  was  commanded  by  Major  Prentice,  of 


—295— 

Kentucky,  a  son  of  Geo.  D.  Prentice,  editor  of  the  Louisville 
Courier-Journal.  Among  the  escort  were  some  Texas  Rangers 
who  prided  themselves  as  being  very  fine  horsemen,  and  they 
entertained  our  boys  by  giving  some  exhibition  of  their  feats 
by  picking  up  hats  and  handkerchiefs  from  the  ground  while 
their  horses  were  at  full  speed.  Some  of  the  boys  got  into  a 
game  of  poker  with  the  rebs,  which  resulted  in  a  general  quarrel 
between  Geo.  Pearl,  of  Company  K,  and  a  Texan,  —  arms  were 
drawn,  and  the  two  proposed  to  fight  it  out,  but  the  officers 
on  both  sides  interfered  and  ordered  the  men  to  their  horses, 
and  it  seemed  for  a  little  while  as  if  w^e  were  going  to  have  a 
general  skirmish.  As  soon  as  the  conference  had  been  finished, 
they  mounted  and  galloped  back  to  their  own  lines  and  the  truce 
was  ended. 

Geo.  Pearl  was  afterwards  killed  in  a  fight  at  Love  joy,  Ga., 
August  20,  1864,  when  we  were  making  a  raid  around  Hood's 
army  in  Atlanta  under  General  Kilpatrick,  and  at  the  time  of 
his  death  his  term  of  service  was  within  about  two  weeks  of 
being  completed.  Pearl  was  well  know^n  throughout  the  regi 
ment  as  a  brave  soldier  and  belonged  to  a  "mess"  all  of  whom 
were  canal  boatmen,  and  the  mess  was  known  as  the  "hornet's 
nest"  for  the  reason  if  you  stirred  one  of  them  the  whole  nest 
would  pounce  on  you.  Their  names  were  Lucas,  Hants,  Brant, 
Longly,  Hassen,  Buell,  Xewland,  Orr  and  Pearl,  of  whom  all 
are  dead,  unless  it  is  Buell,  and  he  was  living  a  few  years  ago. 

Letter  from  General  Thomas. 

In  1868,  before  the  death  of  General  Thomas,  he  was  invited 
to  attend  the  reunion  of  the  regiment.  The  following  reply, 
written  in  his  own  hand,  showing  his  high  regard  for  the  soldiers 
of  the  First,  w^ill  be  read  writh  interest  by  every  survivor. 

Louisville,  Ky.,  September  25,  1868. 

Captain  W.  L.  Curry,  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  First  Ohio 
Volunteer  Cavalry, 

Dear  Sir  —  I  acknowledge  with  pleasure  the  receipt  of  your 
letter  of  the  seventeenth  inst.,  inviting  me  to  meet  the  surviv 
ing  members  of  the  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry  at  their  pro 
posed  reunion,  to  be  held  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  on  the  eighth  of 
October  next. 

From  long  association  with  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  and 
from  a  daily  observation  of  the  soldierly  bearing  of  the  officers 
and  men,  I  learned  to  esteem  them  as  among  the  best  troops 
under  my  command.  I  learn  with  pleasure  that  the  recollections 
of  the  dangers,  hardships  and  pleasure  of  your  service  have  been 
a  sufficient  inducement  to  you  to  desire  to  have  a  reunion  of 
comrades  in  arms.  I  shall  have  to  decline  your  invitation  to 
be  present  with  you  on  the  sixth  proximo,  because  it  is  abso- 


—296— 

lutely  necessary  that  I  be  in  Washington  City  on  that  day  in 
discharge  of  official  duties.  Hoping  that  you  may  have  a  most 
cordial  reunion,  I  remain  yours  very  truly, 

GEO.  H.  THOMAS, 

Major-General,  U.  S.  A. 

War  Reminiscences. 
By  M.  T.  Yanpelt,  Company  H. 

The  spring  of  1862,  if  it  had  not  given  a  new  aspect  to  the 
progress  of  the  war,  had  at  least  brought  to  the  people  north 
and  south,  as  well  as  to  the  rank  and  file  of  both  armies,  a 
clearer  realization  of  the  magnitude  of  the  struggle  in  which 
they  were  engaged.  The  North,  at  last  aroused  by  the  disasters 
of  Bull  Kun,  BalFs  Bluff  and  others,  but  now  hopeful  from  the 
victories  of  Mill  Springs,  Forts  Henry  and  Donelson,  were  giving 
united  support  to  war  measures  of  gigantic  compass,  while  the 
South,  heretofore  boastful  in  their  expectation  of  an  easy  con 
quest  of  a  soldier  and  people,  toward  whom  they  had  manifested 
the  utmost  contempt,  now  seen  by  the  steady  front  maintained 
both  upon  the  open  field  and  in  front  of  defenses,  were  to  be 
feared  if  not  respected;  and  by  the  wide  sweep  of  the  Union 
armies  far  into  the  South,  transferring  the  scenes  of  actual 
war  to  their  very  doors,  now  began  to  realize  that  the  independ 
ence  of  the  Confederacy  was  not  so  certain  after  all.  So  the 
First  O.  Y.  C.,  belonging  at  that  time  to  General  Thomas'  divi 
sion,  or  the  "Army  of  the  Ohio,"  as  it  was  called,  and  a  part  of 
BuelPs  army,  with  Grant's  army  concentrated  on  the  west  bank 
of  the  Tennessee  Kiver  at  Pittsburg  Landing,  and  with  BuelPs 
army  marching  through  Tennessee  from  Nashville  to  join  him, 
we  were  at  last  in  the  enemy's  country,  where  at  any  moment 
in  our  marching  and  scouting  we  wrere  liable  to  become  engaged 
in  conflict  with  the  enemy.  It  was  two  Sergeants  from  our 
regiment  that  as  scouts  successfully  passed  across  the  state 
of  Tennessee  and  through  the  enemy?s  lines,  carrying  a  dispatch 
from  Buell  to  Grant  announcing  our  march  to  his  support. 

Our  regiment,  divided  up  into  companies  and  battalions, 
scouted  upon  the  flanks  of  the  marching  army  and  guarded  and 
protected  the  moving  wagon  train  and  the  line  of  march,  the 
army  marching  in  brigades  and  divisions,  General  Nelson  taking 
the  lead,  with  baggage  and  supply  trains  between.  Just  before 
leaving  Columbia  it  was  reported  that  a  Confederate  force  of 
cavalry  at  Pulaski  threatened  our  line  of  march  and  perhaps 
the  supply  depot  at  Columbia,  and  a  battalion  of  our  regiment, 
under  command  of  Major  Scott,  was  ordered  on  a  secret  march 
to  that  point,  with  the  view  of  surprising  and  capturing  or 
dispersing  the  same.  On  a  rainy  evening  we  received  orders  to 
provide  ourselves  with  three  days'  rations  and  fifty  rounds  of 


—297— 

ammunition.  None  knew  of  the  purpose  of  the  scout  other  than 
perhaps  the  commanding  officer.  The  writer  being  with  the 
company  at  the  time  was  permitted  to  go.  We  assembled  after 
dark  on  the  pike  just  outside  of  Columbia,  and  after  a  short 
inspection  as  to  the  character  of  our  mounts,  counting  off  by 
fours  and  throwing  a  strong  guard  to  the  front,  wre  faced  toward 
Pulaski  and  commenced  an  all  night's  march  of  fifty  miles. 
It  had  been  raining  at  intervals  for  several  days,  and  commenced 
with  the  march  and  rained  without  intermission  all  night  long. 
We  reached  Duck  Creek  —  I  think  it  is  a  tributary  of  Duck 
Eiver  —  within  one  mile  of  Pulaski  just  as  day  began  to  break, 
to  find  the  bridge  torn  up  and  the  creek  so  swollen  by  the  rains 
as  to  seem  dangerous  to  attempt  to  cross  it.  Here  was  a  "fix." 
The  town  nearly  in  sight,  or  would  be  when  light  enough,  and 
the  rebels  supposed  to  be  there  in  considerable  force.  After 
an  examination  up  and  down  the  stream  for  some  way  of  getting 
across,  finally  some  of  the  officers  selected  a  place  where  it  was 
easy  to  get  dowrn  and  up  the  banks,  plunged  in,  calling  on  all 
who  could  swim  to  follow.  The  current  carried  them  down  the 
stream  some  distance,  but  they  landed  safely.  The  most  of  us 
commenced  undressing  ourselves  to  follow,  taking  off  our  heavier 
outer  clothing,  wrapping  them  around  our  carbines  and  the 
sabres  and  revolver  belts  around  that,  so  that  we  could  hold 
them  up  and  out  of  the  water.  We  plunged  into  the  swift,  muddy 
current,  and  about  seventy-five  or  one  hundred  of  us  got  over. 
Many  of  the  men  refused  to  take  the  plunge.  While  taking  such 
care  of  my  clothes,  my  gun  and  revolver,  I  forgot  all  about  my 
haversack  that  contained  all  my  rations,  which  was  tied  at  the 
cantel  of  my  saddle,  among  which  I  had  provided  myself  with 
some  ginger  snaps,  cheese,  etc.,  and  by  the  time  that  haversack 
had  washed  through  and  under  that  muddy  current  for  a  hun 
dred  and  fifty  yards  it  was  so  mixed  with  clay  and  mud  and 
horse-hairs  that  I  could  not  tell  any  part  from  the  others.  But 
we  had  no  time  to  mourn  the  loss  of  grub.  Hastily  dressing  our 
selves,  we  formed  on  the  pike  and  some  eight  or  ten  of  us  took 
the  advance  and  with  carbines  at  an  advance  we  charged  down 
the  pike  and  entered  the  village  about  the  time  it  was  broad 
daylight.  We  of  course  expected  every  moment  of  our  advance 
to  receive  the  fire  of  the  pickets  of  the  enemy,  if  not  the  whole 
force  somewhere  in  ambush.  But  not  a  living  person  was 
to  be  seen  at  first,  which  looked  and  was  suspicious,  and  we 
feared  some  trap.  But  just  as  we  reached  what  appeared  to 
be  the  center  of  the  town  and  had  drawn  up,  we  of  the  advance 
saw  some  four  or  five  mounted  men  skulking  along  the  back 
street  toward  a  bridge  that  crossed  a  small  stream  on  the  other 
side  of  town.  We  immediately  opened  out  upon  them,  but  they 
put  spurs  to  their  horses  and  galloped  across  the  bridge  and 
over  the  hills  out  of  sight.  Finding  the  rebels  had  left,  after  a 


—298— 

few  hours'  rest  we  started  back  to  Columbia,  reaching  there 
just  before  daylight  next  morning.     The  distance  marched,  I 
believe,  in  the  two  nights  and  one  day  was  one  hundred  miles. 
It  was  a  hard  march  and  I  remember  that  night  on  our  way 
back  wre  were  all  very  tired  and  naturally  sleepy.     I  had  gone 
to  sleep  in  the  saddle  during  the  night's  march  and  was  finally 
awakened  by  my  horse  rubbing  up  against  some  bushes  in  the 
fence  corner.    When  I  awoke  I  found  myself  all  alone  and  with 
out  niy  hat,  which  had  dropped  off  somewrhere.     As  soon  as  I 
realized  where  I  wTas  I  began  to  think  I  was  in  a  fix  or  in  a  fair 
wray  to  get  in  one.    I  could  not  hear  or  see  anything  of  the  col 
umn,  and  from  the  way  my  horse  stood  I  could  not  tell  which 
way  we  had  been  marching.    My  horse,  probably  growing  tired, 
had  fallen  behind  and  finally  stopped  in  the  fence  corner.    Know 
ing  I  was  in  an  enemy's  country  and  likely  to  be  picked  up  by  the 
guerillas  or  rebel  scouts,  I  was  anxious  to  get  w^ith  my  comrades 
again.     I  was  afraid  to  ride  out  on  the  road,  for  fear  of  taking 
the  wrong  direction,  but  finally,  getting  down,  I  examined  the 
tracks  of  the  horses  and  found  which  way  they  had  gone.     I 
jumped  back  into  the  saddle  and  after  a  gallop  of  two  miles 
or  more  I  came  upon  some  stragglers  who,  like  myself,  had 
fallen  asleep  and  were  strung  out  for  some  distance. 

This  beautiful  historical  poem,  dedicated  to  the  First  Ohio 
Cavalry,  was  written  by  T.  C.  Harbaugh,  of  Casstown,  Ohio, 
and  was  first  recited  by  him  at  the  reunion  of  the  regiment  held 
at  Covington,  Ohio,  October  8,  1888: 

The  Trooper's  Wreath. 


(Dedicated  to  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry.) 
BY  T.    C.    HARBAUGH. 

0  gallant  men  who  rode  to  fame 

With  spur  and  blade  through  battle's  flame 
Who  mounted  fast  with  courage  true 
When  loud  Kilpatrick's  bugles  blew — 
And  sabred  hard  beneath  the  sun 
Where  Chickamauga's  waters  run, 

1  would  entwine  a  wreath  I've  made 
With  love  around  each  trusty  blade; 
And  o'er  the  graves  of  comrades  dead 
Barth's  sweetest  blossoms  I  would  spread. 

All  are  not  here  who  rode  afar 
To  duty  'neath  the  southern  star; 
Some  hands  have  left  for'er  the  rein, 
They  will  not  clasp  the  spur  again; 
Your  bugles  sounding  far  away 
Would  never  break  their  sleep  today ; 
And  all  your  war  steed's  thund'ring  tramp 
Would  not  disturb  their  silent  camp. 


—299— 

With  shattered  health  and  many  a  wound 
You  meet  once  more  the  camp-fire  'round; 
I  see  the  marks  of  time  today, 
In  feeble  steps  and  locks  of  gray ; 
The  spring  has  left  the  warrior's  heel, 
The  hand  doth  shake  that  drew  the  steel. 
I  ask  myself:  "Are  these  the  men 
Who  galloped  once  through  battle's  glen? 
Are  these  the  boys  who  thundered  down, 
With  shout  and  yell  through  alien  town? 

Then  they  were  young,  but  now  behold! 

A  lot  of  troopers  growing  old!" 

No  more  their  brightly  burnished  blades 

The  sunlight  kiss  in  Southern  glades; 

No  more  their  golden  pennons  fly 

Against  the  far  off  Georgian  sky. 

Their  gallant  steeds  no  longer  neigh 

To  meet  the  enemy  in  gray; 

The  crimson  spur  and  warrior's  plume 

Lie  mingled  on  Kilpatrick's  tomb! 

There  lingers  in  your  memory  still 
The  close,  hot  fight  at  Perry ville; 
This  is  the  day  that  marks  it  well, 
With  all  its  rain  of  shot  and  shell, 
And  you  have  met,  as  oft  before, 
To  fight  that  glorious  battle  o'er. 
But  other  fields  which  I  could  name 
Re-crown  your  well-won  wreath  of  fame. 
There  is  a  stream  'neath  spreading  pines 
Where  once  you  closed  your  battle  lines; 
Upon  its  banks  at  close  of  day; 
In  death's  embrace  your  comrades  lay; 
Yes,  near  its  little  crystal  bed 
The  North's  one  Millikin  fell  dead; 
And  there  in  Murfreesboro  town, 
The  gallant  Moore  his  life  laid  down, 
To  you  who  all  your  dead  revere, 
Stone  River's  name  is  doubly  dear. 

Another  leader,  brave  and  true 
At  Chickamauga  fell  in  blue: 
A  wreath  that  ne'er  shall  fade  away 
Upon  the  breast  of  Cupp  I'd  lay, 
And  one  for  Emery,  nobly  brave, 
Who  fills  a  loyal  soldier's  grave. 
Let  Mission  Ridge,  renowned  in  war 
Tell  how  you  won  another  star; 
Let  Kenesaw  and  Love  joy,  too, 
Retouch  with  pride  your  coats  of  blue. 
Remember  how  the  noble  Scott 
Went  down  amidst  the  carnage  hot; 
Recall  how  Allen,  in  his  youth, 


—300— 

The  flag  of  Freedom,  Right  and  Truth, 

Heroic  bore  amid  the  strife, 

And  sealed  its  triumph  with  his  life. 

The  names  of  all  your  dead  are  dear, 
Their  deeds  on  honor's  roll  appear; 
The  wreath  that  decks  the  private  brave 
Adds  lustre  to  the  colonel's  grave; 
Where  Glory  guards  the  soldier's  sod, 
Rank  is  unknown,  or  lost,  thank  God! 
There  all  are  equal,  in  their  blue — 
The  Private  and  the  Colonel,  too. 

The  raid  is  o'er;  no  more  you  ride 
With  clanking  saber  far  and  wide; 
No  more  doth  Wheeler  fiercely  low'r 
Around  your  flanks  at  midnight's  hour; 
You  knew  his  tricks;  you  followed  fast, 
And  beat  the  sly  old  fox  at  last. 
No  more  for  you  the  fevered  cot, 
The  ebbing  pulse,  the  forehead  hot; 
But  when  the  hour  of  death  came  nigh — 
Aye,  when  some  comrades  had  to  die, 
A  loving  hand  was  near,  and  true, 
As  gentle  as  a  woman's  too. 
He  lives  who  cooled  the  burning  brow, 
You  loved  him  then,  you  love  him  now; 
And  'mid  the  richest  bloom  of  earth, 
I'd  twine  that  love  for  Doctor  Wirth. 

Oh,  heroes  of  the  spur  and  blade, 
I  envy  you  the  name  you've  made! 
The  great  Napoleon  never  saw 
Your  betters  ride  behind  Murat; 
And  braver  troopers  never  bled 
Than  those  whom  once  Kilpatrick  led. 

A  few  more  years  and  one  and  all 
Will  answer  to  Death's  bugle  call; 
For  evermore  your  flags  are  furled — 
Such  flags!  the  envy  of  the  world! 
The  shadows  of  your  brave  videttes 
No  longer  touch  War's  grim  lunettes, 
And  larger  grows  the  Silent  Camp, 
Which  Honor  guards  with  ceaseless  tramp, 
Think  not  that  you  have  ceased  to  ride, 
As  once  you  thundered  side  by  side; 
Though  frosted  by  the  touch  of  age, 
You  gallop  still  o'er  history's  page, 
And  down  the  corridors  of  Time, 
Forever  in  our  beautious  clime, 
Imagination  oft  will  see 
The  First  Ohio  Cavalry! 


—301— 

Recollections  of  the  Battle  at  Stone's  Rt<ver,   Tenn. 

The  forward  movement  of  the  Fourteenth  Army  Corps  (or 
Army  of  the  Cumberland)  from  Nashville,  Tenn.,  under  the  com 
mand  of  Major-General  W.  S.  Rosecrans,  commenced  on  Friday, 
December  26,  1862.  Shortly  after  daylight  the  writer  carried 
the  order  to  Major-General  L.  H.  Kosseau  to  advance  his  division. 
General  Thomas  moved  his  column  of  over  thirteen  thousand 
men  on  the  Franklin  Pike.  The  country  over  which  the  army 
was  marching  afforded  great  advantages  to  the  enemy;  a  small 
force  could  retard  the  advance  of  superior  numbers  —  consid 
erable  tracts  of  cultivated  lands  occurred  at  intervals  on  either 
side  of  the  pike  between  Nashville  and  Murfreesboro,  the  inter 
vening  spaces  were  heavily  wooded  and  interspersed  with  dense 
cedar  thickets,  which  formed  formidable  barriers  to  the  march 
of  an  aggressive  army.  Negley's  division  of  Thomas7  command 
bivouacked  near  Nolensville,  to  which  point  he  had  pushed  in 
support  of  General  Davis,  who  had  uncovered  the  enemy.  The 
following  day  the  column  moved  to  the  east,  over  rugged  roads, 
to  connect  General  Crittenden's  right  near  Stewartsboro,  on 
the  Murfreesboro  Pike.  The  heavy  rains  made  the  by-roads 
almost  impassable,  and  in  consequence  the  movements  were 
necessarily  slow  and  fatiguing.  Headquarters  w^ere  pitched  near 
the  pike  for  the  night,  and  on  the  following  day,  Sunday, 
Rouseau's  division  was  struggling  through  the  mud  from  Nolens 
ville  toward  the  Murfreesboro  Pike,  to  take  the  proper  position 
in  the  column.  The  army  laid  quietly  in  bivouac  during  Sunday. 
On  Monday  morning,  before  daylight,  the  General  and  staff 
and  part  of  the  escort  moved  out  on  the  pike,  leaving  the  writer 
and  the  rest  of  the  escort  to  bring  forward  headquarters,  which 
were  established  that  night  on  the  north  side  of  Overalls  Creek 
near  the  pike  and  a  short  distance  in  rear  of  the  lines.  Tuesday, 
the  thirtieth,  dawned  drearily;  it  had  rained  heavily  during 
the  night  and  many  of  the  troops  had  lain  all  night  in  the  mud 
without  shelter  or  fires.  We  joined  the  General  on  the  field  in 
the  immediate  rear  of  the  center.  He  was  standing  by  a  small 
fire,  surrounded  by  part  of  his  staff  and  escort,  intently  listening 
to  the  heavy  skirmishing  in  the  cedars  to  his  right.  A  drizzling 
rain  was  falling  and  the  air  was  cold  and  crisp.  The  fire  of  the 
skirmishers,  constantly  increasing,  interspersed  with  the  boom 
ing  of  cannon  at  short  intervals,  formed  an  almost  perfect  imi 
tation  of  thousands  of  axe-men  engaged  in  felling  the  trees  in 
the  forest.  The  General  mounted,  rode  forward  and  into  the 
cedars,  where  Negley  had  fought  his  way  into  position,  Rouseau 
being  held  in  reserve.  The  center  was  posted  slightly  in  advance, 
Crittenden  to  the  left  and  McCook  on  the  right.  *  The  enemy 
was  strongly  posted  in  the  timber  in  our  front  and  intrenched 
to  the  left.  The  General  (Pap  Thomas)  commanding  the  center 


—302— 

established  temporary  headquarters  for  the  night  in  a  small 
cabin  iii  the  woods  near  the  pike,  and  a  short  distance  in  rear 
of  the  second  line  of  battle.  On  the  following  and  never-to-be- 
forgotten  morning,  December  31,  long  before  daylight,  the  army 
was  awake  and  alert,  waiting  for  the  opening  of  the  battle. 
We  did  not  have  long  to  wait  until  the  disastrous  attack  of 
Hardee  on  the  right  of  our  line  commenced.  Everything  being 
in  readiness  the  General,  with  part  of  the  escort  and  staff,  rode 
to  the  front.  McCook  failed  to  hold  Hardee,  and  his  shattered 
columns  were  rapidly  driven  back  upon  the  center.  The  General 
halted  at  the  edge  of  a  belt  of  timber,  on  the  right  and  left 
of  the  pike,  took  his  field  glass  and  eagerly  scanned  the  lines. 
While  in  this  position,  in  column  of  fours,  the  General,  with 
staff  and  escort  in  plain  view,  made  a  conspicuous  mark  for  the 
enemy,  and  in  very  short  order  a  battery  in  our  front  sent  in 
their  compliments  in  the  shape  of  a  twelve-pound  solid  shot, 
wrhich  struck  the  hard  pike  just  in  front  of  the  General,  rico- 
chetted  and  passed  over  our  heads  and  again  struck  the  ground 
and  bounded  to  the  rear,  smashing  a  stump  in  its  way  before  it 
stopped.  The  next  moment  a  batter}7  on  the  left  front  of  us 
sent  a  shell  which  passed  over  our  heads  and  fell  among  a 
body  of  infantrymen,  who  were  lying  down  in  the  woods  to  our 
right;  the  shell  exploded  as  it  struck  and  quite  a  number  of 
men  were  killed  and  wounded.  The  General  ordered  Lieutenant 
Barker  to  move  the  escort  off  the  pike  and  out  of  range  of 
the  cross-fire  of  the  batteries.  I  happened  to  be  in  the  first 
fours  and  as  the  shell  had  passed  uncomfortably  close  I  w\as 
quick  to  obey  the  command  "Fours  left!"  I  had  just  uncovered 
the  man  in  rear  of  me,  when  the  second  shot  came  from  the 
left  —  it  proved  to  be  a  six-pound  solid  shot  —  and  struck  Ful 
ton  Gitteau  full  in  the  left  breast  and  tore  a  hole  through  him 
almost  large  enough  to  run  an  arm  through.  The  poor  fellow 
fell  out  of  his  saddle  on  the  hard  pike,  gave  a  convulsive 
shudder,  and  was  dead.  We  were  formed  in  rear  of  a  battery 
to  the  left  and  the  body  of  our  comrade  was  picked  up  and 
tenderly  carried  to  the  rear.  We  now  moved  forward  to  the 
right  and  into  the  cedars,  w^here  Xegley  and  Sheridan  were 
heavily  engaged.  They  made  heroic  efforts  to  stem  the  tide 
and  were  steadily  pressed  back.  Sheridan's  division  being  out 
of  ammunition  was  forced  out  of  the  cedars  by  the  rebels  on 
the  double  quick,  firing  as  they  ran.  The  General  and  part 
of  the  staff  and  escort  were  just  to  the  left  and  partly  in  range 
of  the  fire  of  this  rushing  body  of  the  enemy  with  their  fierce 
yells  of  triumph.  General  Eosseau,  who  was' at  this  time,  with 
his  staff  and  escort,  close  by  General  Thomas,  was  ordered  by 
him  to  move  his  division  into  the  cedars  to  aid  Sheridan  anil 
Xegley.  His  division  was  in  reserve  just  at  the  edge  of  tho 
cedars  and  it  took  only  a  few  moments'  time  for  the  leading 


303— 

regiments  to  enter  the  woods.     I  will  always  remember  this 
as  one  of  the  most  inspiring  sights  I  witnessed  during  my  term 
of  service.    After  a  lapse  of  over  thirty  years  I  have  forgotten 
the  name  and  number  of  the  regiment  in  advance,  of  that  mag 
nificent  body  of  "boys"  who  came  rushing  on,  in  column,  with 
arms  at  "right  shoulder  shift,"  on  the  double  quick,  as  calmly 
as  if  on  parade,  never  halting  or  wavering.     Like  an  enormous 
(living)  wedge  they  forced  themselves  between  our  struggling 
and  sorely  pressed  columns  and  the  exultant  foe;    came  to  a 
front  and  delivered  a  murderous  fire  at  short  range,  which  for 
a  short  time  checked  them,  but  were  finally  forced  to  slowly 
recede,  and  a  new  line  was  formed.     I  remember  the  Ninety- 
fourth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  was  a  part  of  that  splendid  divi 
sion,  and  the  survivors  no  doubt  recollect  the  frantic  wild  tur 
keys  that  were  so  paralyzed  with  fright,  that  some  of  them 
were  easily  caught.    While  this  disaster  occurred  in  the  cedars, 
the  rebel  cavalry  was  busy  in  our  rear.    An  orderly  rode  up  to 
General  Thomas  and  informed  him  that  their  cavalry  was  then 
capturing  and  burning  our  trains.     Sergeant  Woodall,  myself 
and  four  men  were  ordered  by  the  General  to  go  to  the  rear 
and  remove  headquarters,   which   were  still  beyond   Overalls 
Creek.    The  detail  was  quickly  made  and  we  rode  at  a  gallop 
out  of  that  uncomfortably  "hot  place."    We  soon  reached  the 
open  fields  about  one-half  mile  to  the  rear,  where  we  were  hailed 
by  a  Second  Kentucky  cavalryman,  a  mere  boy  in  fact,  and 
badly  demoralized,  who  informed  us  that  the  rebel  cavalry  had 
possession  of  our  wragon  train  on  the  pike  only  a  short  distance 
ahead  of  us  and  were  in  plain  view.     As  they  were  between 
us  and  where  we  intended  to  go,  we  thought  it  policy  to  await 
further  developments.     We  could  see  them  taking  our  ambu 
lances,  prisoners,  etc.,  across  the  field  to  their  left  rear.    Whilst 
watching  them,  a  number  of  rebel  cavalry  prisoners  were  brought 
up  to  where  we  halted.    They  were  captured  with  our  blue  over 
coats  on  their  backs,  a  fact  that  Sergeant  Woodall  soon  noticed 
and  ordered  one  of  them,  in  no  very  polite  terms,  to  take  off 
the  coat  and  hand  it  to  him.     The  Johnnie  complied  without 
a  word.     While  this  was  going  on  I  noticed  the  Fourth  IT.  S. 
Cavalry  emerging  from  the  woods  to  our  left  rear;  they  marched 
in  column  and  when  within  a  short  distance  from  the  rebel  line 
came  to  a  front  and  made  a  magnificent  charge  and  recaptured 
our  ambulances  and  prisoners.     I  noticed  also  one  of  the  reg 
ulars  overhauling  a  Johnnie  and  when  within  a  few  paces  from 
him  he  killed  him  with  a  shot  from  his  revolver.     I  saw  when 
he  tumbled  off  his  horse  that  a  large  bundle  of  "Uncle  Sam's" 
blankets  also  dropped  to  the  ground.    Being  in  need  of  a  blanket, 
I  rode  over  and  selected  a  nice,  clean  and  new  one,  which  he 
evidently  took  from  one  of  our  poor  boys  a  few  moments  before. 
The  way  being  cleared  we  rapidly  rode  to  the  rear  and  soon 


—304— 

came  upon  the  scene  of  murder  and  pillage.  The  poor  negro 
teamsters  were  shot  in  their  tracks  like  dogs;  the  mules  were 
killed  while  yet  hitched  to  the  wagons,  and  the  finest  artillery 
horses  I  ever  saw  shared  a  like  fate,  wThile  all  along  the  pike 
to  Overalls  Creek  the  stiff  and  blue  coated  forms  of  our  com 
rades  were  stretched,  still  in  death.  Further  on  to  the  rear  our 
train  of  over  two  hundred  wagons,  with  contents,  were  burned, 
nothing  being  left  but  the  irons.  We  crossed  the  creek  and 
just  beyond  found  a  line  of  infantry,  the  Tenth  Ohio,  stopping 
stragglers  from  going  to  the  rear.  We  found  headquarters  safe, 
removed  them,  and  rejoined  the  General  and  staff  at  the  front. 

The  day's  fighting  closed  leaving  us  masters  of  at  least  part 
of  our  original  ground,  and  new  lines  were  advantageously 
formed.  A  night  conference  was  held  at  the  headquarters  of 
General  Eosecrans,  at  which  it  was  determined,  in  the  language 
of  the  General,  "to  fight  or  die  right  here."  The  troops  lay 
down  upon  their  arms  that  night,  many  of  them  wrhere  they 
fought.  It  was  a  cold  and  dreary  night,  no  fires  being  permitted 
at  the  front,  and  many  of  the  troops  had  no  rations,  wThile  others 
were  more  fortunate.  The  desperation  of  hunger  compelled 
some  to  carve  the  steaks  from  Colonel  Starkweather's  black 
horse,  who  had  been  killed  in  battle.  This  I  saw  while  riding 
along  the  pike.  During  the  night  it  rained,  and  when  daylight 
came  everywhere  were  masses  of  mud.  The  day  following,  the 
desperate  attempt  of  Breckenridge  to  turn  our  left  took  place; 
but  the  fifty-eight  pieces  of  artillery  massed  hurling  shot,  shell, 
grape,  case  and  cannister,  together  with  the  heroic  efforts  of 
our  infantry,  proved  too  much  for  even  veteran  troops  to  with 
stand,  and  in  a  very  short  time  were  completely  repulsed. 

More  or  less  fighting  took  place  on  the  second  and  third 
of  January,  and  on  the  fourth  General  Thomas  advanced  into 
Murfreesboro.  As  none  of  the  rebel  dead  had  been  buried,  in 
the  fallow  field  to  the  right  and  in  front  of  Hell's  Half  Acre, 
where  Hazen  fought,  I  saw  the  fearful  effect  of  the  iron  and 
leaden  hail  from  our  side,  together  with  the  sad  scenes  witnessed 
during  the  battle,  will  never  be  effaced  from  memory  as  long- 
as  life  lasts. 

JOHN  S.  DOLLINGEK, 

Late  Sergeant-Major  First  Ohio  Veteran  Volunteer 
Cavalry,  and  formerly  on  Escort  Duty  at 
Major-General  Geo.  IT.  Thomas'  Headquarters. 

Horses  and  Horse  Racing. 

In  the  cavalry  service  horse  racing  was  the  great  sport. 
and  the  First  Ohio  was  no  exception  to  the  rule.  When  we 
were  in  camp  for  any  length  of  time,  and  the  service  was  not 
too  hard,  the  lovers  of  that  sport  would  improvise  a  track  on 
some  straight  stretch  of  road,  or  across  some  old  fields  or  pas- 


—305— 

tures,  and  the  "sprinters"  would  be  put  in  training  under  the 
care  of  some  experienced  horsemen  and  jockeys,  of  which  there 
were  a  number  in  the  regiment.  In  a  cavalry  regiment  of  nearly 
a  thousand  horses  there  were,  as  would  be  expected,  some  pretty 
good  flyers,  and  the  horse  fanciers  were  always  looking  out  to 
pick  up  a  fast  one,  nowT  and  then,  through  the  country,  and  fre 
quently  got  a  Kentucky  or  Tennessee  thoroughbred  from  the 
far-famed  blue  grass  region. 

Very  often  races  were  made  with  horses  of  other  regiments 
and  the  betting  would  be  heavy  and  the  excitement  run  high. 
In  the  spring  of  1863  the  regiment  was  in  camp  at  Lavergne, 
Tennessee,  for  some  time,  and  a  very  good  track  wras  made  near 
the  camp,  wrhere  scrub  races  were  of  daily  occurrence,  with 
now  and  then  a  race  by  the  fast  ones.  A  part  of  the  regiment 
was  in  camp  at  Stewart's  Creek,  and  an  Indiana  infantry  regi 
ment  was  also  in  camp  there.  The  Quartermaster  of  that  regi 
ment  was  quite  a  sport  and  a  race  was  arranged  between  his 
best  horse  and  Captain  Conn's  sorrel  horse,  named  "Billy  But 
ton."  A  half  mile  track  was  made  across  a  big  clover  field 
at  quite  a  considerable  expense  and  all  the  preliminaries  were 
arranged  by  Sergeant  Frank  Allen,  of  Company  K,  who  was 
the  acknowledged  authority  on  all  such  matters,  and  the  best 
jockey  in  the  regiment.  He  gave  a  great  deal  of  attention  to 
the  preparation  of  the  track,  saw  that  Button  had  the  best  of 
care,  gave  him  daily  canters,  and  when  the  time  for  the  race 
arrived  Button  was  in  the  "pink  of  condition."  It  was  a  beau 
tiful  May  day  and  the  whole  garrison  turned  out  to  see  the 
race,  including  Chaplain  and  Sutler.  The  stake,  I  think,  was 
two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  and  there  were  many  side  bets 
from  five  dollars  up  to  fifty.  Sergeant  Allen  rode  Button  and 
won  the  race,  but  it  was  a  close  one.  The  Indiana  boys  were 
not  satisfied  and  another  race  was  soon  arranged,  but  before 
the  day  arrived,  we  were  ordered  to  the  front  at  Murfreesboro, 
and  the  race  was  declared  off  and  never  was  run.  This  was 
perhaps  the  most  exciting  race  ever  had  in  the  regiment  and  is 
well  remembered  by  every  soldier  who  w^as  in  the  regiment  at 
that  time. 

The  boys  would  work  all  kinds  of  schemes  to  learn  the  speed 
of  each  others  horses  without  testing  them  together,  and  one 
instance  of  this  kind  comes  to  mind  in  Company  K.  The  Orderly 
Sergeant,  Sergeant  Lucas,  and  Sergeant  Kilgore,  each  had  a 
pretty  fast  horse,  but  they  had  never  been  tested  together,  and 
as  Lucas  was  anxious  to  make  a  match  with  one  of  the  others, 
Kilgore  and  the  Orderly  decided  that  without  giving  Lucas  the 
"tip"  they  would  try  the  speed  of  their  two  horses,  and  then 
get  up  a  race  with  the  winner.  So  one  Sunday  morning  after 
inspection  they  mounted  their  horses  and  rode  out  of  camp  leis 
urely  and  innocently  for  a  little  exercise,  and  were  soon  followed 


—306- 

by  a  few  of  their  Mends  who  had  been  given  the  "tip."  Going 
out  on  the  Somerset  road  from  Lebanon,  Ky.,  a  couple  of  miles, 
they  came  to  a  long,  pretty  stretch  of  sandy  road  in  the  best  of 
condition,  four  hundred  yards  were  soon  measured  off,  the  horses 
were  stripped  and  went  over  the  track  under  the  whip.  The 
Orderly's  horse  came  in  a  few  necks  ahead,  and  the  boys  all 
mounted  and  rode  back  to  camp,  looking  as  innocent  as  if  they 
had  been  out  in  the  country  to  church,  and  in  a  few  days  a 
match  was  made  between  Lucas7  horse  "Dandy"  and  "Billy." 
Lucas  lost  the  race  and  his  money  as  well,  and  he  never  under- 
stood  just  how  it  was. 

Among  the  boys  that  "talked  horse'1  and  wrere  always  ready 
to  make  a  match  and  keep  a  fast  horse  or  two  was  Captain  Conn, 
Kirkendall,  Curry,  Erwin,  Frank  Allen,  Adjutant  Neil,  Ser 
geant  Lucas,  Sergeant  Kilgore,  Lieutenant  High,  Lee  Twray, 
Lieutenant  Koush,  Geo.  Geiger,  of  Company  M,  and  many  others. 
After  1863  there  was  but  little  racing,  as  the  regiment  was  on 
the  campaign  all  the  time,  and  were  never  in  camp  more  than 
a  day  or  two  in  succession. 

There  were  a  great  many  superb  horsemen  in  the  regiment 
\vho  could  pick  up  a  hat  or  saber  from  the  ground  without  dis 
mounting,  and  being  every  day  in  the  saddle  and  a  great  deal 
of  the  time  in  a  rough  country,  jumping  logs,  fences  and  ditches, 
it  was  very  seldom  a  cavalryman  was  unhorsed,  especially  after 
two  years  in  the  saddle,  as  they  were  more  at  home  there  than 
dismounted.  Horse  and  rider  w^ould  become  very  much  attached 
to  each  other  and  were  inseparable.  Although  thousands  of 
horses  of  different  regiments  would  be  tied  to  their  picket  ropes 
in  adjoining  camps,  and  many  of  them  would  break  their  halters 
or  they  wrould  become  unloosed,  yet  but  few  horses  wrould  wander 
away  from  their  own  company,  they  were  so  attached  to  each 
other;  and  it  was  a  rare  thing  to  hear  of  a  horse  being  lost. 
Many  of  the  horses  knew  a  number  of  the  bugle  calls,  and  when 
the  "Stable"  or  "Water  call"  was  sounded  they  would  whinney 
and  would  respond  to  the  "Forward"  or  "Halt"  without  being 
urged  or  spoken  to  by  the  rider.  Horses  seemed  to  know  when 
we  were  getting  ready  for  a  fight,  even  before  the  firing  com 
menced,  and  especially  when  we  were  advancing  slowly  and 
carefully  through  the  woods  or  fields.  When  the  skirmishers 
were  throwing  down  the  fences,  the  ears  of  the  horses  would 
be  erect  and  rolling  nervously  about  and  looking  cautiously 
on  either  side,  as  if  they  "snuffed  the  battle  afar  off."  At  the 
first  crack  of  a  carbine  on  the  skirmish  line,  although  it  might 
be  far  to  the  front,  every  horse  was  nerved  up,  sniffing  the  air. 
They  would  soon  become  accustomed  to  the  firing,  but  the  sing 
ing  or  whizzing  of  the  balls  would  make  them  snort  and  jump. 

Xo  doubt,  many  of  the  boys  can  remember  just  what  color 
and  just  what  kind  of  a  horse  the  officers  and  each  man  of  his 


company  rode,  as  well  as  he  can  remember  the  men  themselves, 
for  the  horses  and  men  were  companions  and  we  always  identify 
them  together.  The  writer,  and  no  doubt  many  other  members 
of  the  regiment,  can  remember  the  horses  of  almost  every  officer 
in  the  regiment,  bnt  I  will  only  give  those  of  some  of  the  field 
and  staff,  as  it  may  bring  back  some  pleasant  recollections  to 
all  of  the  boys  as  they  go  back  in  memory  to  our  early  campaigns. 
Colonel  Ransom  rode  a  dark  dun  or  clay  bank  with  white 
tail;  Colonel  Smith  a  fine  black  and  roan;  Colonel  Millikin  an 
elegant  high-stepping  bay,  named  Archer;  Colonel  Laughlin  a 
bay;  Colonel  Cupp  an  iron  gray;  Colonel  Writer  a  bay;  Colonel 
Eggleston  a  large  dark  bay  and  iron  gray;  Major  Scott  a  large 
brown;  Major  Dennison  a  fine  black;  Major  Frankenberger  a 
sorrel;  Surgeon  Canaan  a  black;  Major  Moore  a  black.  Many 
horses  were  killed  and  wounded  in  action,  and  taking  one  com 
pany  as  a  criterion,  in  which  the  losses  in  horses  have  been 
carefully  verified,  it  is  safe  to  say  that  the  losses  in  killed  and 
wounded  were  equal  to  that  of  the  men  in  the  First  Ohio. 

Colored  Men  in  the  Regiment. 

There  were  a  great  many  colored  men  in  the  regiment, 
officers7  servants,  who  were  very  faithful,  and  no  doubt  some 
of  them  are  well  remembered  by  the  boys.  Colonel  T.  C.  H.  Smith 
took  into  the  service  a  colored  man  by  the  name  of  Harry,  and 
it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  a  colored  man  in  the  service  never 
had  but  one  name.  An  old  colored  fellow  by  the  name  of  "Uncle 
Dick,"  interrogated  regarding  this  matter,  said:  "There  was 
so  many  darkies  before  de  wah  dat  de  could  not  afford  to  gib 
dem  but  one  name";  and  as  he  was  good  authority,  his  state 
ment  was  never  questioned.  Harry  was  a  firm  believer  in  the 
rabbit's  foot  and  all  kinds  of  hoodoo  business,  and  anything 
that  might  transpire  out  of  the  ordinary,  Harry  would  say,  "Dat 
was  a  mighty  bad  sign,"  and  Scotty  and  the  other  wags  around 
headquarters  kept  him  up  at  a  high  tension  all  the  time.  Harry 
always  swore  by  "de  Kunnel,"  and  when  Colonel  Smith  left  the 
regiment  Harry  went  with  him.  Uncle  Dick,  of  Company  M> 
was  another  well-known  character.  He  lived  in  Tennessee  and 
was  not  a  farm  hand,  but  had  always  worked  about  his  mas 
ter's  house  and  was  a  very  tidy  old  darkey  and  an  excellent  cook. 
He  could  make  excellent  biscuit,  and  when  we  could  get  any 
flour,  Uncle  Dick  would  hustle  around  and  get  an  oven  from 
some  Old  Dinah  and  the  biscuit  or  pig  pot-pie  would  be  forth 
coming.  He  could  neither  read  nor  write,  but  he  w^as  an  unus 
ually  smart  old  man,  and  when  on  the  march  in  the  night,  if 
the  stars  were  shining,  he  could  tell  the  hour  of  the  night  and 
never  failed.  He  could  always  tell  the  points  of  the  compass^ 
which  was  very  important  at  times  when  the  advance  would  be 


—308— 

uncertain  about  the  roads.  Pies,  of  Company  D,  Captain  Kir- 
kendalFs  boy,  was  another  faithful  colored  fellow  and  well  re 
membered.  He  served  through  to  the  end  of  the  war,  and 
Captain  Kirkendall  brought  him  home  to  Ohio,  and  he  now 
lives  near  Columbus  and  Is  doing  well. 

A  soldier  of  the  First  who  was  writh  the  regiment  during 
the  last  two  years  of  the  war  that  did  not  know  "Brick,"  of 
Company  K,  did  not  know  much  about  the  colored  men  of  the 
regiment.  "Brick,"  like  "Topsy,"  "jest  growed  up  in  Old  Ten 
nessee,"  and  Lieutenant  Curry  picked  him  up  in  1863.  Brick 
was  a  great  character,  about  sixteen  or  seventeen  years  of  age, 
black  as  the  ace  of  spades,  and  a  typical  plantation  darky.  He 
had  been  raised  on  the  back  of  a  mule,  and  was  a  good  rider, 
and  sat  in  the  saddle  as  if  he  had  grown  there.  He  knew  noth 
ing  about  cooking  and  his  chief  value  was  as  a  forager  for  both 
man  and  beast,  and  when  he  started  out  for  forage,  if  there 
was  any  in  the  country,  Brick  came  in  loaded.  When  the  regi 
ment  went  around  Atlanta  on  the  Kilpatrick  Raid,  Brick  was 
along  as  usual,  and  when  we  were  ordered  to  cut  our  way  out, 
Brick  was  impressed  by  the  company  officers  with  the  import 
ance  of  bringing  the  company  pack  mules  out,  as  all  of  the  com 
pany  officers'  rations  for  the  expedition  was  carried  by  the  mule. 
Brick  and  another  colored  boy  had  the  mule  in  charge,  and  while 
one  led  the  other  was  to  apply  a  long  hickory  stick  to  the  mule 
vigorously.  Before  the  start  was  made  both  darkies  were  admon 
ished  that  in  the  event  they  did  not  bring  the  mule  out  safely, 
two  darkies  would  dangle  from  a  limb  of  the  nearest  tree. 

The  distance  from  the  start  to  the  rebel  lines  was  eight  or 
ten  hundred  yards,  and  when  we  had  covered  about  half  the 
distance,  Brick  dashed  up  to  and  through  the  center  of  Company 
K  under  the  spur,  with  his  eyes  bulged  out  as  large  as  two 
saucers,  and  that  was  the  last  of  the  mule  and  rations.  No 
doubt  the  mule  was  abandoned  soon  after  the  start,  and  when 
it  was  learned  by  the  officers  that  the  rations  were  all  gone, 
they  were  very  much  out  of  humor  and  their  wrath  was  poured 
out  on  the  heads  of  Brick  and  Henry  in  language  more  forcible 
than  elegant.  Brick  served  until  the  end  of  the  war  and  came 
to  Ohio  with  Lieutenant  Reece.  He  only  remained  for  a  year 
or  two  and  then  returned  to  the  old  plantation  in  Tennessee. 

Captain  Woodlief  had  a  colored  boy  by  the  name  of  Henry 
who  was  quite  a  musical  genius.  He  was  a  beautiful  whistler 
and  would  entertain  the  boys  often  in  the  summer  evenings 
with  not  only  the  old  plantation  melodies,  but  mocking  bird 
imitations  and  all  kinds  of  bird  songs.  He  would  make  a  couple 
of  reeds  out  of  cane  stalks  and  these  he  would  place  between 
his  lips  and  play  beautifully,  something  like  a  piccalo. 

Lietenant  Roush,  of  Company  H,  got  a  colored  man  at  Cleve 
land,  Tenn.,  at  the  time  of  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge,  by 


—309— 

the  name  of  Billy  Barber.  Before  the  close  of  the  war  he  enlisted 
in  a  colored  regiment  and  served  until  the  end  of  the  war.  Billy 
was  a  faithful  fellow  and  swore  by  the  First  Ohio  at  all  times 
and  thought  they  were  the  wildest  riders  in  the  service.  He  now 
lives  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  and  if  any  fellow  is  spoiling  for  a  tight, 
he  can  be  accommodated  by  hunting  Billy  up  and  commence 
saying  something  derogatory  of  the  service  of  the  First  Ohio. 
There  were  many  other  good  and  faithful  colored  men  wrho 
sawT  long  service  in  the  regiment,  whose  names  cannot  be  re 
called.  Colored  men  became  very  much  attached  to  soldiers 
and  officers  of  the  commands  to  which  they  belonged  and  would 
take  all  kinds  of  chances  of  being  killed  by  the  rebels  in  forag 
ing  for  both  officers  and  horses.  They  were  a  part  of  the  army 
and  were  always  true  to  the  Union  soldiers  in  giving  informa 
tion  that  was  of  benefit  to  our  army.  They  looked  upon  the 
Yankees  as  their  saviors,  and  the  first  soldier  they  would  see 
wearing  the  blue  uniform  they  would  leave  their  old  masters, 
home  and  family,  although  the  surroundings  would  be  of  the 
most  pleasant,  and  follow  the  boys  in  blue  if  they  were  permitted 
to  do  so.  It  was  a  common  occurrence  for  these  old  gray  headed 
men  to  come  into  camp  during  the  night,  travelling  perhaps 
many  miles  through  the  pine  woods,  to  give  information  as  to 
the  movements  of  the  rebels,  when  they  knew  full  well  if  they 
were  detected  their  lives  would  be  in  jeopardy.  But  they  took 
the  chances,  and  often  their  information  wrould  be  of  the  most 
vital  importance  to  our  army.  They  were  always  true  to  the 
Union  soldiers,  and  how  many  of  them  were  fed  and  cared  for 
by  these  faithful  colored  people  when  they  had  made  their  escape 
from  rebel  prisons  and  wrere  trying  to  make  their  way  through 
to  our  lines!  Many  a  soldier's  life  w^as  saved  by  their  good 
work,  and  every  good  soldier  has  a  warm  place  in  his  heart 
for  the  faithful  old  slaves  of  the  South. 

Old  Shady. 


When  Companies  E  and  K  were  stationed  at  Courtland, 
Ala.,  in  July,  1862,  and  before  President  Lincoln's  Emancipation 
Proclamation  had  been  issued,  I  remember  of  hearing  for  the 
first  time,  sung  by  the  plantation  negroes,  the  song  "Old  Shady." 

A  Contraband  Song. 

The  following  rare  lyric  was  the  favorite  freedom-song  of 
the  Mississippi  and  Alabama  contrabands.  Its  character  and 
enthusiasm  are  great  and,  among  songs  of  its  kind,  it  has  no 
superior. 


310— 
l 

Oh  !     Ya,  ya  !     Darkies,  laugh  with  me  ; 
For  de  white  folk  say  old  shady 's  free  ! 
Don't  you  see  dat  de  jubilee 

Is  comin',  comin'  !     Hail  mighty  day  ! 

CHORUS  : — Den  away,  Den  away,  for  I  can't  stay  any  longer  ; 
Hurrah,  hurrah  !     For  I  am  going  home. 

2 

Massa  got  scared,  and  so  did  his  lady  ! 
Dis  chile  broke  for  ole  Uncle  Aby  ; 
Open  de  gate  out !  here's  ole  Shady 

Comin',  comin'  !     Hail,  mighty  day. 

3 

Good-bye,  Massa  Jeff  !     Good-bye,  Missus  Stevens  ! 
'  Scuse  dis  nigger  for  taking  his  leavens  ; 
'Spec,  pretty  soon,  you'll  see  Uncle  Abram's 
Comin',  comin'  !     Hail,  mighty  day. 

4 

Good-bye,  hard  work,  and  never  any  pay — 
I'm  going  up  North,  where  de  white  folks  stay  ; 
White  wheat  bread,  and  a  dollar  a  day  ! 

Comin',  comin'  !     Hail  mighty  day. 

5 

I've  got  a  wife,  and  she's  got  a  baby, 
Way  up  North  in  Lower  Canada — 
Won't  dey  shout,  when  dey  see  ole  shady 
Comin',  comin'  !     Hail,  mighty  day. 

At  this  time  they  were  firmly  impressed  with  the  belief 
that  they  would  soon  be  set  free,  and  believed  that  President 
Lincoln  was  their  savior.  Wherever  our  army  appeared,  they 
flocked  to  our  camps  in  great  numbers,  and  the  joy  of  the  old 
gray-haired  negroes  —  men  and  women  —  was  wonderful  to 
behold.  They  w^ould  shout,  dance,  sing  and  make  all  kinds  of 
demonstrations  to  show  their  joy,  and  at  the  first  sight  of  a 
Yankee  in  his  blue  uniform  they  wrould  go  almost  wTild.  Here 
is  where  we  first  saw  "patting  Juba"  by  the  plantation  negroes 
for  the  little  darkies  to  dance,  and  I  remember  one  little  darky 
that  Sergeant  John  Lucas,  of  Company  K,  took  a  great  fancy 
to  —  he  w^as  a  bright  boy,  about  ten  years  of  age,  a  good  rider 
and  fine  dancer.  Lucas  kept  him  in  camp  for  some  time, 
but  finally  his  old  master  came  to  our  camp  and  found  him,  and 
Lucas  offered  him  a  very  fine  horse  for  the  boy.  This  horse 
"Dandy,"  as  he  Avas  called,  Lucas  traded  or  sold  to  Lieutenant 
Cutler,  and  he  was  mounted  on  him  the  day  our  camp  was 
attacked  at  Courtland,  and  horse  and  rider  were  taken  prisoner 
and  poor  "Dandy"  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  rebels.  I  saw  a 
rebel  riding  him  the  next  day  after  we  were  taken  prisoners, 


—311- 

galloping  proudly  through  the  streets  of  Moulton,  Ala.,  amid 
the  shouts  of  admiring  girls  and  women,  waving  one  of  our 
guidons,  which  he  had  captured  the  day  we  were  captured. 
No  doubt  the  old  planter,  after  Lincoln's  Emancipation  Procla 
mation  was  issued  September  17,  1862,  wished  he  had  traded 
the  little  darky  for  Dandy,  but  it  was  too  late. 

When  we  were  in  camp  at  Courtland,  Lieutenant  Cutler 
had  a  negro  servant  named  "Sam,"  whom  he  had  picked  up 
somewhere  in  Kentucky  or  Tennessee.  Sam  was  an  ignorant 
slave  boy,  but  was  anxious  to  learn  to  read  and  put  in  all  his 
spare  time,  from  grooming  horses  and  cooking,  in  learning  the 
alphabet  from  an  old  primer  he  had  picked  up  somewhere,  and 
several  of  us  had  become  very  much  interested  in  the  boy.  On 
the  day  of  the  fight  at  Courtland,  July  25,  1862,  Sam  was  taken 
prisoner,  as  he  was  wearing  a  pair  of  old  blue  cavalry  pants 
and  was  in  company  with  a  soldier  along  the  creek  bank  in 
rear  of  our  camp.  During  the  fight  a  squad  of  rebel  cavalry 
rode  up  to  the  creek  on  the  opposite  bank  and  ordered  them  to 
surrender.  The  soldier  and  Sam  started  to  wade  across  the 
creek,  and  when  in  the  middle  of  the  stream,  the  rebels  ordered 
the  soldier  to  return  and  get  his  carbine;  and  being  frightened 
and  fearing  that  the  rebels  would  fire  on  him,  he  ordered  Sam 
to  go  back  and  get  his  carbine.  When  Sam  handed  the  gun 
to  the  squad,  they  took  it  as  a  pretext  to  claim  that  he  was 
armed  and  in  the  ranks,  and  as  Sam  had  on  a  pair  of  blue  pants 
the  case  looked  bad  for  him.  When  at  Moulton  the  next  day 
after  the  capture,  Sam  was  arrested  by  the  provost  guard  and 
put  in  jail.  When  he  was  arrested  he  appealed  to  us  to  save 
him,  but  we  were  utterly  powerless,  as  we  were  prisoners  our 
selves;  and  I  will  never  forget  his  appealing  look  as  he  was 
hurried  off  to  jail.  As  the  negroes  were  still  slaves,  of  course, 
the  feeling  of  the  rebel  soldiers  was  very  bitter  against  them, 
if  they  had  the  least  suspicion  that  they  were  carrying  arms 
or  were  in  any  manner  aiding  or  abetting  the  Union  army.  This 
incident  made  a  deep  impression  on  Lieutenant  Cutler  and  my 
self  at  the  time,  as  we  had  no  doubt,  from  the  manner  in  which 
he  was  arrested  and  treated  and  the  bitter  feeling  exhibited 
among  the  rebels,  that  he  would  either  be  hung  or  shot,  and  we 
have  often  talked  about  poor  Sam  and  wondered  what  his 
fate  was. 

Well  Known  Characters  in  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry. 

WThile  the  First  Ohio  did  not  have  any  "Si  Kleggs,"  at  least 
by  name,  yet  there  was  not  a  company  but  what  had  some  mem 
bers  that  were  known  for  their  peculiar  characteristics  of  some 
kind,  so  that  they  were  known  all  over  the  regiment  as  well 
as  the  Colonel. 


—312— 

Some  were  clowns,  some  were  sports,  some  were  ready  to 
fight  at  the  "drop  of  a  hat"  at  all  times  and  on  all  occasions, 
but  it  was  a  well-known  fact  among  good  soldiers  that  the  fel 
low  that  was  always  walking  around  camp  with  a  "chip  on 
his  shoulder  spoiling  for  a  fight,'7  was  not  at  all  times  in  the 
front  rank  when  a  real  fight  was  on  where  bullets  and  cold  steel 
were  no  respecter  of  persons,  even  if  he  "tipped  the  beam"  at 
two  hundred  pounds  and  was  a  veritable  John  Sullivan.  This 
of  course  did  not  always  hold  true,  but  there  were  many  cases 
of  that  kind  in  every  regiment.  After  a  lapse  of  thirty  years 
since  the  close  of  the  war  no  one  man  can  remember  all  of  the 
funny  fellows,  the  sports,  fighters,  etc.,  but  I  now  recall  a  few 
of  them  well  remembered  by  every  soldier  of  the  regiment.  Ser 
geant  Billy  Scott,  of  Company  D,  who  was  promoted  to  a  Captain 
and  was  killed  at  Lovejoy,  Ga.,  September  20,  1864,  was  one 
of  the  bravest  soldiers  in  the  regiment,  and  was  an  Irish  boy 
brim  full  of  "Mother  wit."  He  nicknamed  many  of  the  officers 
of  the  regiment,  and  some  of  these  names  clung  to  them  all 
through  the  war.  He  did  not  do  this  out  of  any  disrespect,  but 
just  from  some  incident  or  peculiarity  of  the  man,  as  for  in 
stance,  Colonel  Eggieston  he  named  "Bolivar  Bob,"  Colonel 
Writer  "Lady  Writer,"  Colonel  Pattin  "Bough  and  Beady," 
Captain  O'Harra  "Shell  Bark,"  Major  Frankenberger  "Old  Hail 
Columbia,"  and  many  others  that  I  do  not  recall;  but  those 
named  will  be  well  remembered  by  the  boys,  and  they  have  had 
many  a  good  joke  and  laugh  at  the  expense  of  the  officers  so 
dubbed. 

"Scotty,"  as  he  w^as  familiarly  called,  never  tired  of  a  good 
joke,  and  when  Colonel  Smith  was  in  command  of  the  regiment 
on  the  Shiloh  and  Corinth  campaign,  he  was  continuously  play 
ing  some  practical  joke  around  headquarters,  as  he  was  the 
Sergeant-Major  of  the  regiment  Colonel  Smith  was  a  good 
man,  an  earnest  and  zealous  officer,  and  very  matter-of-fact  in 
all  things  and  unsuspicious.  Scotty  took  advantage  of  these 
things,  and  there  was  no  end  of  his  "grape  vine"  stories  around 
headquarters. 

The  Chief  Bugler  was  a  Frenchman  and  his  name  was  Paul 
Petard,  but  we  always  called  him  "Vic,"  and  Scotty  was  con 
tinuously  at  some  trick  and  kept  "Vie"  very  much  irritated 
at  times.  "Vic"  was  an  excellent  soldier,  was  always  prompt 
in  all  his  duties  and  was  very  neat  and  precise  about  his  dress 
and  equipments.  When  he  came  out  of  his  tent  to  blow  a  call 
he  would  step  out  with  jacket  buttoned  tight,  give  his  bugle 
a  few  flourishes  over  his  head,  with  the  long  yellow  cord  and 
tassel  dangling  gracefully  below,  and  would  then  place  the 
bugle  to  his  lips  and  give  a  blow,  and  very  often  it  would  give 
a  harsh,  unearthly  squall,  and  on  examination  he  would  find 
straws  in  his  bugle.  He  would  be  fighting  mad  and  report  to 


—313— 

the  Colonel,  and  no  one  around  headquarters  would  be  more 
indignant  than  Scotty,  and  he  would  demand  that  the  offenders 
be  arrested  and  punished  severely,  when  it  was  well  known 
that  he  was  the  instigator  of  all  this  mischief  himself. 

Colonel  Smith  had  a  colored  servant  named  Harry,  who 
was  a  little  scary  and  superstitious,  and  Scotty  took  great  delight 
in  teasing  him.  At  one  time  Harry  was  pitching  the  Colonel's 
tent  among  the  leaves  and  brush,  and  all  at  once  Scotty  became 
very  much  excited,  picked  up  a  long  club  and  commenced  pound 
ing  the  leaves  and  brush  and  shouting  "snakes"  at  the  top  of 
his  voice,  at  which  Harry  pulled  the  tent  down  and  hauled 
it  off  to  another  spot,  very  nervous  over  the  imaginary  snake, 
and  said  he  was  "mighty  glad  Mr.  Scott  found  dat  snake  before 
de  Kunnel  got  in  dat  tent,  for  it  was  mighty  bad  sign." 

A  wreek  or  two  after  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  when  our  wagon 
train  came  up  and  we  w^ere  pitching  our  tents  for  the  first  time 
on  the  battle-field,  Harry  was  busy  putting  up  the  Colonel's 
tent  and  Scotty  was  looking  on  innocently  and  commenced  snif 
fing  the  air  as  if  there  wTas  something  very  offensive  in  the  vicin 
ity.  He  stepped  inside  the  tent  as  if  following  the  trail,  and 
stamping  around  with  his  feet  pretended  that  he  had  found  a 
soft  spot  in  the  ground,  and  went  out  and  got  a  stick  and  began 
to  prod  around  with  it,  and  Harry  asked  him  what  he  was 
doing.  Scott  replied  very  quietly  and  indifferently  that  "there 
was  a  dead  rebel  buried  there,  but  he  supposed  it  would  not 
smell  very  bad  as  he  w^as  a  good  foot  under  the  ground."  To 
say  that  the  tent  was  hustled  to  another  place  in  a  hurry  is 
drawing  it  very  mildly,  and,  as  usual,  Harry  was  very  thankful 
to  "Maser"  Scott  for  "findin'  dat  dead  rebel  'fore  de  Kunnel 
got  in."  And  so  from  day  to  day  Scott  was  inventing  some  new 
fish  story  to  keep  headquarters  stirred  up. 

He  was  brave  and  very  reckless  and  was  just  in  his  element 
when  in  a  fight,  and  he  had  no  use  for  a  coward  or  a  shirk. 
When  talking  writh  a  soldier  that  was  a  little  nervous  or  weak- 
kneed,  he  was  sure  to  tell  him  some  canard  about  an  expected 
attack  or  that  the  "enemy  was  advancing  in  force,"  just  to  try 
his  nerve.  When  the  army  wras  making  the  advance  from  Pitts- 
burg  Landing  to  Corinth  in  the  spring  of  1862,  the  regiment  had 
a  great  deal  of  picket  and  outpost  duty  to  do,  and  often  in  very 
close  proximity  to  the  enemy's  lines,  and  the  orders  w^ere  very 
strict,  instructions  given  the  videttes  at  all  times  not  to  let 
any  one  outside  of  the  lines.  But  by  his  smooth  talk  Scotty 
would  find  a  sentry  on  some  part  of  the  line  that  would  turn 
his  back  while  Scott  rode  outside  the  picket  and  he  would  make 
a  reconnoissance  on  his  own  hook  and  was  never  satisfied  until 
he  located  the  enemy's  pickets  and  often  drew  their  fire,  and 
he  would  then  come  riding  leisurely  back  and  report  the  exact 
location  of  the  rebel  pickets.  At  one  time,  just  before  the  evacu- 


—314— 

ation  of  Corinth,  he  created  quite  an  excitement  in  our  canip 
and  the  whole  regiment-  was  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle  on 
account  of  one  of  his  innocent  (?)  reports.     He  had  been  at 
the  front  and  came  galloping  into  camp  on  his  little  dun  horse 
and  some  soldier  asked  him  what  the  news  was  out  at  the  front, 
and  Scott,  in  his  usual  serious  and  earnest  manner,  shouted; 
"The  rebels  are  coming,"  and  rode  on  quietly  through  the  camp 
and  a  short  distance  beyond  to  water  his  horse.    The  news  soon 
flew  to  headquarters  and  the  Colonel  ordered  "Vic"  to  sound 
"Boots  and  Saddles"  and  "To  horse"  in  quick  succession,  and 
in  a  few  minutes  the  regiment  was  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle, 
with  drawn  sabers,  in  a  field  adjoining  the  camp.     It  was  a 
very  hot  day;   the  sun  boiled  down  on  our  heads,  and  to  still 
add  to  our  discomfort  a  ration  of  whisky  was  issued  to  nerve 
the  boys  up  for  the  trying  ordeal.     After  standing  in  line  for 
an  hour  or  two,  it  seemed  to  dawn  on  some  one  that  it  was  a 
"false  alarm,"  and  w^e  were  ordered  back  to  our  quarters.    The 
true  inwardness  of  this  false  alarm  did  not  leak  out  until  Colonel 
Smith  had  been  promoted  to  a  Brigadier-General  and  left  the 
regiment.    Had  he  knowrn  it  while  still  in  command  of  the  regi 
ment,  he  would  no  doubt  have  made  it  lively  for  Sergeant  Scott. 
On  the  Atlanta  Campaign  in  the  summer  of  1864  we  were 
fighting  almost  every  day,  and  one  day  he  and  another  young 
officer  of  the  regiment  were  sitting  on  a  line  of  breast-works 
watching  the  firing  of  a  rebel  battery  from  the  top  of  Kenesaw 
Mountain  and  calculating  the  distance  by  measuring  the  time 
from  the  moment  of  seeing  the  puff  of  white  smoke  until  they 
heard  the  report  of  the  gun.    As  it  was  a  long  distance  and  the 
guns  had  to  be  depressed,  the  shells  were  going  wild  and  falling 
far  wide  of  the  mark.     After  a  long  silence  Scott  referred  to 
some  trouble  a  few  young  officers  and  himself  had  had  in  the 
regiment,  and,  continuing,  said:    "The  next  fight  we  get  into, 
which  may  be  to-day  or  to-morrow,  we  must  rush  in  and  get 
some  of  these  old  officers  killed,  so  we  will  be  promoted."    This 
was  said  in  half  jest  and  half  earnest,  and  little  did  he  think 
that  he  would  be  the  first  officer  to  fall.     In  a  short  time  after 
that  the  regiment  joined  General  Kilpatrick  in  his  famous  raid 
around  Hood's  army  in  Atlanta,  and  the  brave  and  gallant  Cap 
tain  Scott,  "booted  and  spurred,"  rode  into  the  "jaws  of  death/' 
He  died  the  death  of  his  choice,  and  as  he  was  mortally  wounded 
while  with  saber  in  hand  with  his  regiment  charging  a  battery, 
shouting,  "Take  the  guns!" 

The  Whacker  Boys. 

A  soldier  of  the  First  Ohio  that  did  not  know  the  Whackers, 
did  not  know  much  about  the  regiment.  Joe  and  Alf  Deer- 
wester  were  twins  and  members  of  Company  G,  and  just  why 
they  were  called  the  "Whacker  Boys"  was  never,  to  my  knowl- 


—315— 

edge,  explained;  but  it  was  supposed  to  be  on  account  of  their 
combative  proclivities,  for  they  never  let  an  opportunity  slip 
to  get  into  a  little  "Kari"  just  for  the  "fun  of  the  thing."  If 
there  was  any  kind  of  devilment  going  on  in  camp  or  out  of  camp 
that  Alf  and  Joe  were  not  in  it,  it  was  not  their  fault.  When 
the  regiment  was  at  Camp  Buell,  near  Louisville,  Ky.,  there 
was  a  hotel  near  at  hand,  called  the  Oakland  House,  where 
liquids  were  dispensed  at  all  hours,  day  and  night,  and  of  that 
kind  that  would  make  a  fellow  feel  like  fighting  a  whole  regi 
ment  single  handed,  if  he  imbibed  enough  of  it.  It  was  a  con 
venient  place  for  a  "first  chance"  when  going  to  the  city  and 
a  "last  chance"  on  returning.  One  evening  Bill  Legg,  of  Com 
pany  M,  and  one  or  two  friends  had  been  in  the  city  and  after 
the  theater  was  out  were  returning,  and  dropped  into  the  Oak 
land  to  take  a  last  nip,  and  found  the  Whackers  running  the 
house  and  everybody  in  it.  They  insisted  that  Bill  should  "sing, 
dance  a  jig  or  fight,"  or  do  something  to  entertain  the  crowd. 
Bill  begged  off  and  said  he  "was  out  of  voice"  and  was  opposed 
to  dancing,  and  being  a  Quaker,  had  religious  scruples  about 
fighting,  and  asked  to  be  excused.  But  that  would  not  go  with 
the  Whacker  boys,  and  they  said  that  while  they  could  not 
make  Bill  dance  or  sing,  they  could  make  him  fight  or  run,  and 
proposed  to  mop  up  the  floor  with  him  in  the  most  approved 
style,  just  to  entertain  the  crowd,  as  it  had  been  a  little  dull 
that  evening  and  the  audience  was  not  satisfied.  They  com 
menced  crowding  Bill  into  a  corner,  and  as  he  saw  he  was  in 
for  it,  he  went  at  them  hammer  and  tongs  fashion  and  knocked 
them  both  out  in  the  first  round  and  the  floor  mopping  was 
on  the  other  side.  It  is  said  that  he  satisfied  the  audience  to 
the  "queen's  taste,"  at  least  such  was  the  story  circulated  in 
camp  the  next  day.  Joe  and  Alf  usually  had  things  their  own 
way,  but  they  did  run  up  against  a  stump  now  and  then.  They 
were  strapping  big  fellows,  and  when  they  got  on  a  spree  they 
ran  Company  G  in  great  style,  but  when  Scotty  took  command 
of  the  company,  he  called  time  on  the  boys,  and  as  he  was  a 
boxer,  the  boys  had  great  respect  for  him. 

Joe  is  dead  and  Alf  is  now  a  sober,  steady-going  citizen 
of  Illinois,  and  during  the  war  they  were  only  "sowing  their 
wild  oats." 

Lem  Dewey,  of  Company  E,  was  a  "shoulder  striker/'  and 
when  he  got  a  "jag"  on  by  drinking  a  canteen  of  commissary 
with  a  mixture  of  apple-jack,  he  was  a  regular  cyclone.  He 
would  amuse  the  crowd  by  knocking  down  everybody  in  reach, 
and  then  form  a  ring  and  get  a  few  other  boys  at  it  while  he 
kept  every  soldier  tEat  attempted  to  interfere  with  his  menagerie 
at  a  safe  distance,  and  gave  the  officers  of  the  company  no  end 
of  trouble. 

Jim  Stratton,  of  Company  H,  was  also  a  "holy  terror"  when 


—316— 

he  took  on  a  good  load  of  old  Kentucky  corn  juice.  A  company 
was  too  small  for  Jim  to  display  his  generalship  in,  and  at  times 
he  undertook  the  arduous  task  of  running  the  whole  regiment. 
When  the  regiment  returned  to  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  the  spring 
of  1864,  after  we  had  been  home  on  veteran  furlough,  we  were 
camped  near  that  city,  being  mounted  and  equipped  for  the 
Atlanta  Campaign.  The  boys  made  frequent  visits  to  the  city, 
and  the  fellows  that  indulged  in  the  ardent  often  came  into 
camp  in  a  hilarious  condition.  One  day  Stratton  came  out  to 
camp  loaded  to  the  guards  and  surrounded  the  regiment  and 
demanded  unconditional  surrender.  The  patrol  guard  objected 
to  this  proceeding  and  put  him  under  arrest,  and  as  we  had 
no  guard-house,  and  it  took  two  of  the  guards  to  hold  him,  the 
next  question  was  what  to  do  w^ith  him.  Lieutenant  Curry, 
who  was  officer  of  the  day,  ordered  him  tied  to  the  fence  and 
directed  the  corporal  of  the  guard  to  perform  that  duty.  The 
corporal  was  a  new  recruit  by  the  name  of  Erwin,  and  had  only 
had  his  stripes  on  a  few  days,  and  he  declined  to  tie  Jim  up  as 
directed,  as  he  claimed  it  was  "cruel,  barbarous  and  danger 
ous."  The  officer  of  the  day  did  not  see  it  in  that  light  and 
told  the  corporal  that  if  he  did  not  do  his  duty  he  would  take 
his  stripes  off,  and  Erwin  said  "let  7em  go,"  and  they  did  go, 
and  the  officer  of  the  day  proceeded  to  tie  Jim  up  himself.  Cor 
poral  Erwin  often  expressed  his  gratitude  for  having  got  rid 
of  his  corporal  stripes  so  easy  and  said  it  was  "too  high  a  rank 
for  him,  as  he  was  a  small  man  and  just  the  right  size  for  a 
high  private  in  the  rear  rank." 

Bony,  of  Company  I,  was  one  of  the  great  wags  of  the  regi 
ment.  He  was  a  great  talker,  and  a  loud  talker,  and  his  voice 
was  heard  on  all  occasions  day  and  night.  He  called  Captain 
Writer  "Old  twos  right,"  as  he  claimed  that  was  all  the  com 
mand  he  ever  gave  the  company. 

Several  members  of  Company  I  were  wounded  in  the  foot 
and  two  or  three  of  them  had  a  toe  shot  off  and  among  them 
"Bony,"  and  he  named  them  the  "Nine  Toed  Company."  The 
writer  remembers  about  Bony's  toe  being  shot  off  and  thinks 
it  was  the  day  of  the  evacuation  of  Corinth,  and  it  is  safe  to 
say  he  did  not  get  off  any  of  his  jokes  that  day. 

As  betting  was  so  common  in  the  army,  it  was  not  consid 
ered  gambling,  as  the  term  is  generally  used,  for  nearly  every 
body  bet,  not  so  much  for  the  gain  that  was  in  it,  but  for  the 
excitement  and  fun  of  the  thing.  Sergeant  John  Lucas,  of 
Company  K,  was  the  boss  sport  of  the  regiment,  and  he  would 
bet  on  anything  from  pulling  at  "square  toe"  by  two  little  darkies 
to  a  hundred  dollars  or  two  on  a  big  horse  race.  John's  favorite 
£arne  was  "draw  poker,"  and  he  also  carried  a  Faro  Kit,  witli 
silver  deal  box,  and  many  an  officer,  as  well  as  men  of  the  ranks, 
contributed  their  sheckles  to  his  exchequer.  As  soon  as  the 


—317— 

soldiers  were  paid  off,  all  the  little  dealers  would  get  out  their 
"chuck  a  luck'7  boards  with  the  mysterious  white  figures  on 
a  black  oil-cloth  and  the  games  would  commence  all  along  the 
line-in  tents,  on  cracker  boxes,  on  forage  sacks  and  wherever 
seats  could  be  improvised.  In  fact,  at  some  points  where  the 
troops  were  paid  off  there  was  nothing  to  buy  and  nothing  to 
spend  money  for,  and  the  boys  that  did  not  send  their  money 
home  must  spend  it  in  some  manner,  and  in  some  instances  a 
devotee  of  the  alluring  game  of  "draw  poker"  or  "old  sledge" 
would  sit  down  after  being  paid  off  and  at  one  sitting  put  every 
dime  he  had  in  the  "Jack  pot."  But  the  players  were  all  very 
liberal,  good-hearted  fellows,  and  when  a  comrade  got  "broke" 
they  would  always  "put  up  a  stake"  for  him  until  next  pay  day, 
if  he  was  "a  square  fellow." 

Some  soldiers  always  had  money,  and  would  loan  it  to 
the  comrades  that  were  always  broke,  and  usually  never  had 
a  scratch  of  a  pen  for  it.  It  was  a  debt  of  honor,  and  if  the 
soldier  lived  and  was  writh  his  command  the  next  pay  day,  he 
would  pay  it,  and  if  he  died  the  account  was  settled  and  the 
lender  was  perfectly  satisfied  and  charged  it  up  to  "profit  and 
loss." 

If  the  small  dealers  gave  Sergeant  Lucas  a  chance  to  play 
"without  limit"  he  would  break  their  banks  every  time,  for  he 
always  had  plenty  of  money  and  carried  a  big  roll  of  greenbacks 
in  his  inside  vest  pocket,  on  the  right  side,  and  w^hen  the  players 
saw  John  go  down  into  that  pocket  with  his  left  hand  and 
take  out  his  big  roll  it  made  them  turn  pale.  Sometimes  the 
dealer  wrould  buy  him  off  not  to  play  for  a  day  and  perhaps 
give  him  fifty  dollars.  But  the  temptation  was  so  great  that 
he  could  not  keep  away  from  the  game,  and  he  would  come 
around  and  look  on  a  while  and  become  so  interested  that  he 
would  say  to  the  dealer:  "Just  let  me  play  once,"  and  would 
give  him  ten  dollars  for  the  privilege,  and  if  the  dealer  consented, 
John  would  go  down  after  that  big  roll  and  likely  take  out 
a  fifty  dollar  bill  and  put  it  down.  If  he  won,  he  would  quietly 
put  it  in  his  pocket,  and  if  he  lost  he  would  walk  off  as  uncon 
cerned  as  if  he  had  been  playing  pin.  If  there  were  hundreds 
of  dollars  on  the  board  all  depending  on  the  turn  of  a  card 
you  never  could  detect  the  least  change  in  his  countenance, 
but  he  would  get  very  much  wrought  up,  if  it  was  not  noticeable, 
for  at  times  he  would  place  a  faro  or  poker  chip  between  his 
front  teeth  and  bite  it  in  two  pieces. 

In  the  spring  of  1864  the  regiment  was  stationed  at  Colum 
bia,  Tenn.,  for  a  short  time  after  we  had  returned  from  veteran 
furlough,  and  Lucas  got  into  a  game  with  some  citizens  and 
his  winnings  were  very  heavy,  and  at  one  time  he  sent  home 
five  thousand  five  hundred  dollars. 

Sheeley  Long,  of  Company  F,  was  another  well-known  char- 


—318— 

acter  and  a  great  forager.  He  was  into  mischief  continuously, 
but  was  usually  smart  enough  to  get  out  of  it  without  getting 
caught  or  punished,  but  if  he  was  punished  he  always  came 
up  smiling  and  ready  for  some  new  adventure.  He  was  a  little 
light-haired  fellow  and  could  stand  up  and  look  you  in  the 
eye,  the  very  personification  of  innocence,  if  he  was  accused  of 
any  misdemeanor,  and  at  the  same  time  be  stealing  your  watch 
or  pocket-book.  When  the  regiment  was  at  Lebanon,  Ky.,  in 
the  winter  of  1862,  Captain  Cupp  had  bracelets  put  on  his  ankles, 
with  a  chain  about  a  foot  long,  and  he  hobbled  around  camp  in 
that  plight  for  some  time.  At  another  time  the  Captain  had 
him  tied  to  the  rear  end  of  a  wagon,  when  we  were  on  the  march, 
and  compelled  him  to  walk,  and  gave  strict  orders  to  the  mule 
driver  to  not,  under  any  circumstances,  allow  him  to  ride.  But 
before  the  end  of  the  day  Sheely,  by  his  smooth  tongue,  got 
on  the  good  side  of  the  mule  whacker  and  was  driving  the  mules, 
and  the  driver  was  riding  in  the  wagon. 

He  was  always  on  the  good  side  of  the  Sutler  and  in  a  busy 
time  after  pay-day  would  offer  his  good  services  to  the  Sutler 
and  help  him  out  as  clerk,  all  for  nothing,  of  course;  but  Sheeley 
paid  himself  well,  all  the  same,  and  the  old  shark  of  a  Jew  was 
none  the  wiser.  He  was  a  very  liberal  clerk  and  the  boys  all 
wanted  to  buy  of  him,  and  often  there  would  be  a  great  jam  in 
front  of  the  counter  in  fronf  of  the  Sutler's  tent,  and  frequently, 
when  some  soldier  would  purchase  a  dime's  worth  of  cheese, 
Sheeley  would  hand  out  the  cheese  with  one  hand  and  with 
the  other  hand  out  a  bottle  of  w^ine  under  the  counter,  worth 
two  or  three  dollars,  and  would  keep  this  up  for  some  time  and 
perhaps  hand  out  a  dozen  bottles  in  a  few  minutes,  if  the  boys 
would  keep  up  the  rush. 

Sutlers  usually  were  regular  sharks,  and  their  methods  of 
doing  business  was  by  Sutler's  checks  from  one  pay-day  to 
another.  These  checks  were  either  tickets  or  metal  represent 
ing  from  ten  cents  to  one  dollar,  and  any  soldier  could  go  and 
get  a  limited  amount  of  checks  and  the  Sutler  would  charge 
him  up  on  his  books  with  the  full  amount  of  them,  and  then 
when  the  soldier  made  his  purchases  the  Sutler  would  charge 
him  up  so  as  to  get  at  least  one  hundred  per  cent,  profit  —  for 
instance,  fifty  cents  a  pound  for  cheese,  one  dollar  for  a  plug 
of  Navy  tobacco,  and  three  dollars  for  a  canteen  full  of  com 
missary  whisky,  warranted  to  kill  at  a  hundred  yards.  When 
pay-day  arrived,  the  Sutler  wras  on  hand  at  the  table  beside 
the  Paymaster  to  collect,  and  he  always  got  his  full  share  of 
the  greenbacks  paid  out,  and  would  not  miss  the  amount  of 
a  few  bottles  of  wine,  if  the  boys  did  confiscate  one  now  and 
then.  We  had  a  Jew  Sutler,  and  a  few  days  after  the  evacua 
tion  of  Corinth  our  wagon  train  was  parked  out  on  the  road 
toward  Booneville,  and  as  there  were  a  great  many  troops  pass- 


—319— 

ing,  the  Sutler  erected  his  tent  by  the  roadside  and  did  a  thriving 
business.  Some  of  our  trainmen  gave  the  passing  troops  a  hint 
one  day  that  if  they  would  give  the  thing  a  start,  there  would 
be  no  serious  opposition  from  anyone  in  the  regiment  to  con 
fiscating  the  Sutler's  stock,  as  it  was  getting  pretty  well  run 
down  anyway.  No  sooner  said  than  done,  for  two  or  three 
fellows  gave  a  few  yanks  at  the  guy-ropes  and  down  came  the 
tent  and  the  goods  were  confiscated  in  a  jiffy,  and  the  Jew 
Sutler  in  the  First  Ohio  was  a  thing  of  the  past. 

"Up  went  the  Jew 
And  the  mourners  were  few." 

"Requiscat  in  pace." 

An  Interesting  Relic. 

J.  W.  Johnston,  First  Sergeant  of  Company  0,  accidentally 
shot  himself  about  thirty  miles  from  Charleston,  S.  C.,  near 
the  Cooper  Kiver,  and  died  July  7,  1865.  He  was  buried  near 
the  village  called  "The  Barrens,"  and  one  of  his  comrades  carved 
very  skillfully,  out  of  yellow  pine,  a  neat  headboard,  and  placed 
it  at  the  head  of  his  grave. 

In  1866  an  ex-Confederate  soldier  by  the  name  of  Ernest 
H.  Rowell,  of  Oakley,  S.  C.,  wrote  a  letter  to  the  National 
Tribune  regarding  the  grave  of  Johnston.  Sergeant  John  W. 
Chapin,  who  was  then  a  clerk  in  the  Adjutant-General's  office, 
had  his  attention  called  to  the  letter  published  in  the  Tribune, 
and  wrote  a  letter  to  the  department  at  Washington,  asking 
that  the  remains  be  removed  to  one  of  the  National  Cemeteries, 
and  at  his  request  the  Quartermaster-General  of  the  U.  S.  Army 
had  the  remains  moved  to  the  Florence  National  Cemetery, 
Grave  No.  3998,  Section  A,  and  the  headboard  was  forwarded 
to  Chapin  by  the  superintendent  of  the  cemetery  at  Florence, 
S.  C.,  and  it  is  now  in  the  Eelic  Room  at  the  State  House,  Colum 
bus,  O.,  in  a  good  state  of  preservation. 

The  letters  in  the  National  Tribune,  giving  account  of  this 
matter,  discovered  two  brothers  of  Johnston,  and  they  were 
much  pleased  to  learn  of  the  disposition  of  his  body,  as  it  seems 
they  had  never  learned  the  particulars  regarding  his  death  and 
burial.  No  doubt,  surviving  members  of  Company  C  will  recall 
the  circumstance  connected  with  the  accident  and  Johnston's 
death. 

Reunions  of  the  Regiment. 

Soon  after  the  close  of  the  war  two  or  three  informal  re 
unions  of  the  regiment  were  held  in  Columbus,  O.  But  few 
members  of  the  regiment  were  in  attendance,  and  no  record 
was  kept  of  these  meetings.  The  first  minutes  kept  was  at  the 


—320— 

reunion  held  at  Columbus,  O.,  August  10,  1880,  and  below  is 
given  the  date  and  place  of  all  reunions  since  1880,  with  names 
of  the  President  and  Secretary  elected  each  year. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  August  10,  1880. 
J.  W.  Chapin,  Secretary,  W.  L.  Curry,  President. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  September  2,  1881. 
J.  W.  Chapin,  Secretary,  W.  L.  Curry,  President. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  September  20,  1882. 
J.  W.  Chapin,  Secretary,  George  R.  Carr,  President. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  July  25,  1883. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  J.  W.  Kirkendall,  President. 

Marysville,  Ohio,  September  IT,  1884. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  J.  W.  Kirkendall,  President. 

Washington  C.  H.,  Ohio,  August  10,  1885. 
T.  D.  McElwaine,  Secretary,  C.  M.  Riggs,  President. 

Dayton,  Ohio,  September  23,  1886. 
William  Khoads,  Secretary,  J.  W.  Chapin,  President. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  August  IT,  188T. 
William  Rhoads,  Secretary,  L.  F.   Knoderer,  President. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  September  11,  1888. 
William  Rhoads,  Secretary,  R.  Wirth,  President. 

Covington,  Ohio,  October  8,  1889. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  N.  B.  Teeter,  President. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  September  16,  1890. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  M.  T.  Vanpelt,  President. 

Newark,  Ohio,  September  15,  1891. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  '  J.  W.  Kirkendall,  President. 

Galloway,  Ohio,  September  13,  1892. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  D.  B.  Peters,  President. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  August  29,  1893. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  J.  W.  Chapin,  President 

Basil,  Ohio,  September  4,  1894. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  Adam  Roley,  President. 

National  Military  Park,  Chickamauga,  Ga.,  September  19,  1895. 
L.  F.  Knoderer,  Secretary,  D.  B.  Peters,  President. 

Millersport,  Ohio,  September  1(>,  1896. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  C.  W.  Click,  President. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  September  22,  189T. 
W.  L.  Curry,  Secretary,  Matthew  Williams,   President 


—321— 
The  Army  Mule. 


"  You  may  sing  of  your  beans  and  hardtack 
Of  bad  water  you  drank  from  the  pool  ; 
Of  tincup,  canteen  and  haversack  ; 
But  you  must  not  forget  the  old  mule. ' ' 

CHORUS  : — "  Good  old  mule,  army  mule, 

Both  your  ears  were  so  graceful  and  long. 

You  were  true  to  our  flag, 

So  we'll  praise  you  in  story  and  song." 

The  much-abused,  patient  and  long-enduring  mule  was  a 
very  important  factor  during  the  war  and  he  deserves  the  sin 
cere  thanks  of  every  boy  who  wore  the  blue  for  his  long,  faith 
ful  and  loyal  service.  The  old  saying,  that  a  mule  will  live 
quietly  and  peaceably  with  his  owner  for  twenty  years  just 
to  get  to  kick  him  once  when  opportunity  offers,  is  a  base  slander, 
and  if  it  were  true,  the  owner  has  no  good  reason  for  making  a 
kick,  if  the  mule  did  kick,  for  a  service  of  so  many  years  —  a 
part  of  the  time,  no  doubt,  feeding  on  weeds  and  wagon-tongues, 
should  entitle  him  to  some  privileges  and  a  little  pleasure  as 
he  is  about  to  wind  up  his  useful  career. 

The  mule  is  a  generous  animal,  which  is  abundantly  dem 
onstrated  by  his  acts  of  kindness  and  charity,  of  which  we  have 
many  examples,  where  he  divided  up  his  rations  with  the  boys. 

When  General  Thomas'  army  was  in  and  about  Chattanooga 
in  the  fall  of  1863  and  the  cracker  line  was  cut  off  down  as  far 
as  Bridgeport,  Ala.,  and  all  supplies  had  to  be  wagoned  over 
the  mountains,  rations  were  pretty  short  Many  animals  starved, 
and  during  a  part  of  the  time  the  soldiers  lived  on  parched  corn, 
and  that  was  issued  out  very  sparingly.  One  morning  a  good- 
looking,  waggish  soldier  went  up  to  General  Thomas7  head 
quarters,  and  finding  "Pap  Thomas"  out  in  front  of  his  tent, 
saluted  and  then  requested  the  General  to  give  him  an  order 
on  the  Quartermaster  for  a  quart  of  shelled  corn.  The  General, 
who  always  looked  very  carefully  after  his  soldiers,  enquired 
if  he  had  not  received  his  ration  of  corn  from  the  Quartermaster 
the  day  before.  Yes,  said  the  wag,  I  did;  but  last  night  I  was 
on  guard,  and,  getting  very  hungry,  I  borrowed  a  quart  of  corn 
of  a  mule  and  promised  to  pay  him  back  this  morning.  I  went 
down  to  the  Quartermaster  this  morning  and  asked  him  about 
it,  but  he  said  he  had  just  enough  corn  to  go  around  and  not 
an  extra  grain.  You  see,  General,  I  am  up  a  stump,  and  the 
whole  mule  brigade  will  be  kicking,  if  I  don't  pay  up,  and  I 
wron't  be  able  to  borrow  any  more  corn.  The  General  smiled, 
took  in  the  situation,  and  the  soldier  got  his  order  for  the  extra 
quart  of  corn. 

Another  good  story  is  told  about  General  Wilson  and  some 


—322— 

cavalrymen  down  at  Gravelly  Springs,  Ala.  After  the  battle 
of  Nashville,  in  December,  18G4,  General  Wilson  with  his  cav 
alry  corps  followed  up  Hood's  retreating  army  to  the  Tennessee 
River  and  went  into  camp  at  Gravelly  Springs.  For  some  rea 
son  rations  were  very  short  and  corn  was  issued  and  parched 
by  the  soldiers.  Many  of  the  soldiers  were  very  indignant  and 
the  commanding  officer  came  In  for  his  share  of  abuse.  When 
General  Wilson  and  staff  wrould  ride  through  the  camp,  the 
soldiers  would  shout:  Hard  tack!  Hard  tack!  One  day  a  clown 
of  a  fellow  got  a  piece  of  picket  rope  and  pressed  four  of  his 
comrades  into  the  service  and  made  pretense  of  hitching  them 
up  like  mules.  He  then  got  a  long  whip  and  commenced  driv 
ing  his  team  up  toward  General  Wilson's  headquarters,  swear 
ing  and  urging  his  refractory  team  along  in  the  most  approved 
niule-whackers  style.  A  staff  officer  out  in  front  of  Wilson's 
headquarters  yelled  at  the  driver  rather  gruffly  and  wished  to 
know  what  he  was  doing.  "Doing?"  said  the  trooper.  "Can't 
you  see?  Why,  I  have  just  fed  my  mules  and  now  I  am  driving 
'em  down  to  water.  Get  up  there,  Jack!"  and  on  they  went, 
the  mules  giving  the  familiar  Ah,  he!  as  they  started  off. 

The  mule  was  just  as  much  a  part  of  the  necessary  equip 
ments  of  an  army  as  the  musket  or  saber.  An  army  cannot 
march  or  fight  unless  they  are  fed,  and  in  a  mountainous  and 
rough  country,  in  which  the  theater  of  war  was  largely  located 
during  the  rebellion,  rations,  ammunition  and  supplies  could 
only  be  transported  by  mules  either  in  wagons  or  by  the  pack 
saddle. 

The  mule  is  a  headstrong,  independent  and  stubborn  creat 
ure  and  requires  a  certain  amount  of  drill  and  discipline  before 
he  is  ready  for  army  service.  It  is  a  mistaken  idea  generall}7 
that  people  have  about  mules  being  hard  to  break.  While  he 
will  kick  and  has  an  inclination  to  either  pull  back  or  lie  down 
when  his  education  is  commenced,  still  in  a  few  days  he  is 
subdued,  and  his  driver  has  but  little  trouble  with  him  there 
after,  excepting  now  and  then  he  will  kick  or  balk.  He  does 
not  scare  like  a  horse,  but  when  there  is  anything  like  a  general 
stampede,  which  would  happen  sometimes  when  a  wagon  train 
was  attacked,  then  look  out;  for  when  a  mule  starts,  he  never 
knows  when  to  stop,  but  goes  on  until  he  is  compelled  to  halt 
by  reason  of  running  up  against  a  fence,  a  tree  or  something 
stronger  than  a  mule  team,  or  stops  from  sheer  exhaustion. 
Then,  as  if  to  show  his  utter  contempt  for  the  stampede,  and  to 
convince  his  driver  that  he  was  not  scared  half  as  bad  as  the 
driver  himself,  he  wTill  go  to  nibbling  grass  as  serene  and  com 
posed  as  if  he  had  just  been  turned  out  to  graze. 

The  morning  after  the  battle  of  Perryville,  a  mule  was  found 
eating  grass  upon  the  field  with  a  hole  through  his  neck,  made 
by  a  four  or  six-pound  cannon  ball.  By  examination  it  was 


—323— 

found  that  the  ball  had  passed  entirely  through  the  neck,  leav 
ing  a  gaping  wound  through  which  you  could  see;  still  the 
inule  was  enjoying  his  morning  meal. 

The  mules,  delivered  by  the  boat-load  and  train-load  at 
Louisville,  Kentucky,  and  Nashville,  Tennesse  —  the  main  depots 
of  supplies  for  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland  —  were  young  and 
unbroken,  and  the  large  majority  of  them  had  never  been  hal 
tered.  They  were  run  into  dirty  and  unusually  muddy  corrals, 
hundreds  of  them  together,  and  in  a  few  days  were  issued  out 
to  the  Quartermasters,  and  in  a  short  time  were  doing  duty 
for  Uncle  Sam,  either  hauling  rations  or  ammunition  to  the 
front. 

The  mule  did  not  submit  gracefully  and  without  protest. 
No,  indeed;  he  had  to  be  "broken  in"  just  like  the  tenderfoot 
soldier  wrho  joined  a  veteran  regiment  at  the  front,  as  both  mule 
and  recruit  generally  made  a  vigorous  kick. 

All  around  these  corrals  were  funnel-shaped  shoots,  wTith 
wide  end  running  toward  the  center  of  the  corral  and  getting 
narrower  until  it  was  just  wide  enough  for  one  mule  to  squeeze 
in,  and  this  narrow  part  was  sufficiently  long  to  take  in  perhaps 
twenty-five  mules.  When  a  quartermaster  required  a  certain 
number  of  mules,  he  would  make  his  requisition,  and  when  all 
was  in  readiness  he  would  report  at  the  corral  with  just  twice 
the  number  of  men  as  the  mules  he  was  to  draw.  The  fun  would 
then  begin,  as  the  soldiers  wrould  drive  a  large  number  of  mules 
into  the  shoot,  and  keep  crowding  and  urging  them  forward 
until  the  narrow  part  of  the  shoot  was  full,  and  then  strong 
bars  were  run  across  in  rear  of  the  last  mule  and  the  whole 
twenty-five  were  safely  corralled,  as  they  could  neither  move 
forward,  backward  or  sideways.  When  a  sufficient  number  were 
run  into  the  shoots,  the  men  mounted  the  platforms,  erected 
along  the  outside,  and  commenced  the  work  of  haltering  or 
bridling.  When  this  was  finished  the  front  bars  were  taken 
out  and  the  front  mule  would  make  a  lunge  for  liberty,  but 
find  himself  checked  somewhat  by  a  pull  on  the  strong  halter 
by  two  earnest,  reckless,  swrearing  mule  drivers,  who  would 
curb  his  vigorous  spirit  for  a  moment.  But  after  a  brief  pause 
he  eyes  his  captors  with  a  tired,  disdainful  look,  and  then  com 
mences  operations  earnestly  by  another  rapid  run  and  jump, 
carrying  the  two  trainers  off  their  feet  and  dragging  them 
through  the  mud,  which  is  a  perfect  lake,  half  boot-top  deep, 
several  rods  and  then  comes  another  halt,  which  the  boys  im 
prove  by  wrapping  the  rope  halter  around  a  friendly  tree.  By 
this  time  there  are  perhaps  fifty  mules  out,  with  mules  and 
men  all  cutting  about  the  same  kind  of  gymnastics,  but  varied 
a  little  according  to  the  size  and  activity  of  the  mule  and  the 
grit  of  the  soldiers.  After  duly  considering  the  situation,  mule 
No.  1  will  likely  open  up  the  play  again  by  making  an  attempt 


—324— 

to  pull  down  the  tree  around  which  his  cruel  captors  have  tightly 
wrapped  the  strong  rope  halter.  He  gives  a  hard  pull,  then 
a  vigorous  lunge  and  proceeds  to  settle  down  to  a  long,  hard 
pull,  but  the  tree  is  too  strong  and  he  is  choked  down,  but  not 
conquered,  as  he  commences  kicking  and  pawing  the  mud  as 
he  lies  down  with  a  rapidity  that  would  shame  a  drummer 
beating  the  "long  roll."  The  boys  are  now  splattered  from  head 
to  foot  and  look  like  they  had  taken  an  up-to-date  mud  bath. 
The  mule  now  lays  quietly  in  his  soft  mud  bed,  but  a  few  sharp 
kicks  in  the  back  and  jerldng  of  the  rope  brings  him  to  his  feet, 
ready  for  a  grand-stand  play.  The  boys  chuckle  and  say  "he 
is  broke,"  and  one  of  them  proceeds  in  a  moment  of  thought 
lessness  or  absent-mindedness  to  venture  up  and  pat  him  on 
the  head,  but  a  moment  afterwards,  as  he  picked  himself  up 
out  of  the  mud,  having  run  against  the  mule's  hind  foot,  he  took 
it  all  back  and  declared  he  was  honestly  mistaken.  The  halters 
were  long,  and  at  times  the  mules  and  men  w^ould  be  mixed  up 
in  a  general  melee  as  they  jumped,  kicked  and  ran  around  each 
other;  and  the  mule,  heeding  the  admonition  of  the  Irishman 
in  the  fight,  when  he  said,  "Whenever  you  see  a  head,  hit  it," 
would  let  loose  with  both  heels,  and  was  not  particular  whether 
he  hit  a  mule  or  a  man. 

Finally  the  mules  would  all  be  worked  out  through  the 
gates  and  to  the  camp  after  many  pulls,  licks  and  kicks,  and 
after  getting  out  on  the  pike  it  was  absolutely  necessary  to  take 
a  little  stimulant  to  keep  off  the  malaria,  and  the  Quartermaster 
usually  "set  'em  up"  by  producing  a  few  canteens  full  of  bourbon 
or  Robinson  County. 

But  the  trouble  was  not  all  over  when  the  mules  were  all 
safely  landed  at  the  camp,  for  they  must  be  harnessed,  hitched 
up  to  a  big  government  wagon  and  made  to  pull  a  load,  for 
that  is  what  they  entered  the  service  for.  The  wagons  were 
new,  the  harness  was  new  and  strong,  some  of  the  collars  were 
large  enough  to  go  around  the  mule's  body,  and  now  the  picnic- 
begins.  A  mule  would  be  jammed  back  into  fence-corner  per 
haps  by  four  or  five  men  to  be  bridled  and  harnessed,  and  before 
the  harnessing  was  completed  he  would  likely  be  lying  down, 
and  when  after  a  long,  hard  fight  all  was  ready,  the  wagon  wheels 
were  locked  with  six  mad,  stubborn  mules  in  front  of  it  and 
a  resolute  young  soldier  at  the  head  of  each  mule,  and  when 
the  wrord  "go"  was  given,  perhaps  the  first  move  would  be  into 
the  ditch  or  against  the  fence.  This  would  be  kept  up  all  day, 
and  perhaps  there  would  be  a  runaway  or  two,  but  the  boys 
did  not  care  for  that,  for  it  was  all  in  the  business.  With  the 
first  day  the  hard  work  was  over,  and  while  the  driver  would 
have  a  man  or  two  to  help  him  for  a  few  days,  yet  within  a 
week  he  would  be  riding  the  wheel  mule  and  driving  the  leader 
of  a  six-mule  team  with  a  single  line. 


—325— 

Every  Quartermaster,  Wagonmaster  and  mule  driver  knows 
that  this  account  of  breaking  mule-teams  is  not  overdrawn  in 
the  least.  It  was  most  ridiculous  and  amusing  to  witness  the 
antics  of  the  mules  in  the  process  of  breaking-in. 

This  kind  of  work  could  only  be  done  by  a  lot  of  reckless, 
resolute  young  soldiers,  wTho  seemed  to  enjoy  the  whole  busi 
ness,  although  at  times  some  of  them  would  get  pretty  badly 
banged  up;  but  he  would  laugh  it  off  by  consoling  himself  that 
some  other  fellow  got  used  as  bad  as  he  did. 

The  mule,  unlike  the  horse,  is  subdued  in  a  few  days  and 
goes  to  work  as  faithfully  as  if  he  were  drawling  a  good  salary 
from  the  government.  But  he  would  kick  now  and  then,  balk 
and  lie  down  for  a  rest,  and  was  more  liable  to  halt  in  the  mud 
than  on  dry  ground.  When  a  mule  makes  up  his  mind  to  lie 
down,  no  amount  of  persuasion  can  convince  him  that  he  is 
wrong,  and  down  he  goes.  The  mule  driver's  "black  snake" 
often  only  seemed  to  amuse  him  as  the  driver  applied  it  with 
the  regulation  cussing. 

Lieutenant  Cole,  of  the  Third  O.  V.  C.,  Quartermaster  of 
the  Second  Brigade,  was  the  champion  convincer  and  never 
failed,  but  his  methods  were  rather  severe.  When  a  mule  laid 
down  in  the  mud,  Cole  would  have  the  balance  of  the  team 
unhitched  and  would  then  fasten  a  picket  rope  around  the  mule's 
body,  just  behind  the  fore  legs;  to  this  picket  rope  he  wrould 
hitch  a  rnule  team  and  drag  the  recalcitrant  animal  out  of  the 
mud  and  over  the  dry  ground  until  he  began  to  scramble  to 
his  feet.  And  it  was  a  sure  cure,  as  the  mule  would  resume 
work  with  great  earnestness  and  solemn  promise  that  he  would 
never  lie  down  in  the  mud  again  as  long  as  Cole  was  in  com 
mand  of  the  wagon  train. 

Mules  make  the  best  teams  for  army  service,  and  in  fact 
they  are  the  only  animal  that  can  be  depended  upon  for  trans 
portation  of  army  supplies  in  a  mountainous  country  as  Vir 
ginia,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Georgia,  Alabama  and  the  Caro- 
linas,  the  great  theater  of  the  wrar  of  the  rebellion.  They  can 
live  and  travel  much  longer  without  wrater  than  the  horse ;  they 
can  subsist  on  much  less  grain,  but  they  must  have  coarse  for 
age,  as  the  mule  would  often  leave  grain  untasted  in  the  feed 
trough  for  dead  weeds. 

Thousands  of  wagon-tongues  and  wagon-beds  were  literally 
eaten  up  by  mules,  when  they  were  short  of  hay,  straw  or  other 
coarse  forage.  With  great  loads  of  ammunition  or  army  sup 
plies  they  would  ascend  or  descend  steep  and  dangerous  moun 
tain  passes,  where  a  cavalryman  was  compelled  to  dismount 
and  lead  his  horse,  picking  his  steps  carefully,  momentarily  in 
danger  of  making  a  misstep  and  toppling  over  some  precipice. 

In  addition  to  the  mule-teams  the  pack-mule  was  indis 
pensable  in  the  cavalry  service.  In  raids  where  the  movements 


—326— 

were  very  rapid,  the  pack-teams  were  the  only  means  of  trans- 
portation  for  rations  and  ammunition.  The  pack-saddle  consists 
of  a  wooden  tree  with  cantel  and  pommel  running  up  high,  and 
on  either  side  of  the  saddle  are  great  pockets,  made  of  tarpaulin 
or  wicker  baskets,  holding  from  two  to  three  bushels  each.  In 
these  paniers  were  packed  rations,  ammunition,  picks,  shovels 
and  cooking  utensils.  Little  mules  wrould  carry  enormous  loads, 
and  if  the  load  was  not  packed  equally  on  either  side,  in  ascend 
ing  steep  mountain  roads,  the  pack-mule  would  often  fall,  and 
then  the  load  had  to  be  unpacked,  or  three  or  four  soldiers, 
by  dint  of  hard  lifting,  wrould  raise  him  to  his  feet,  then  off  he 
would  go  as  nimble  as  ever.  In  the  night,  pack-mules  would 
frequently  fall  over  the  ledges  and  down  the  mountain  side;  and 
wagons  with  a  six-mule  team  attached  wrould  often  topple  over, 
taking  mules  and  drivers  down  among  the  brush  and  trees, 
In  many  places  the  mountain  passes  would  be  so  steep  that 
the  wagon  had  to  be  let  down  by  ropes  and  manned  by  perhaps 
twenty-five  stalwart  soldiers  to  keep  the  loads  from  running 
over  and  crushing  the  teams.  During  the  last  twro  years  of 
the  war  the  soldiers  carried  everything,  including  their  "dog 
tents,"  with  perhaps  one  wall  tent  to  the  regiment  for  the  Col 
onel's  headquarters,  one  Quartermaster's  tent  and  one  or  two 
hospital  tents.  Where  we  had  ten  wagons  the  first  two  years 
of  the  war,  we  had  one  the  last  two  years.  Each  company  had 
about  six  pack-mules,  and  on  the  march,  if  we  were  not 
anticipating  a  fight,  the  pack-train  of  each  company  marched 
in  the  rear  of  the  company  to  which  they  belonged;  but  if  we 
struck  the  enemy,  all  pack-trains  soon  dropped  back  to  the 
rear  and  were  put  in  charge  of  the  Quartermaster-Sergeant  or 
Commissary. 

A  long  train  of  pack-mules  winding  up  a  mountain  road 
was  a  grotesque  and  interesting  picture  that  is  indelibly  im 
pressed  on  the  memory  of  every  soldier  of  the  regiment. 

The  "Cavalier." 

While  stationed  at  Fayetteville  the  First  Ohio  published 
a  newspaper  called  the  Cavalier,  which  was  edited  by  William 
Davis,  of  Company  M,  and  A.  Thompson,  of  Company  D,  with 
T.  C.  Stevenson  and  Joe  Devreux,  of  Company  D,  publishers. 
The  motto  at  the  heading  read:  "We  Go  Where  Eebs  Await 
Us."  As  will  be  remembered,  it  was  a  spicy  sheet,  and  some 
poetic  cavalryman  wrote  a  parody  on  Morgan's  mule,  which 
ran  thus: 


—327— 
Turchins  Got  Your  Male." 


A  planter  came  to  camp  one  day, 

His  niggers  for  to  find, 
His  Mules  had  also  gone  astray, 

And  stock  of  every  kind. 
The  planter  tried  to  get  them  back, 

And  thus  was  made  a  fool, 
For  every  one  he  met  in  camp 

Cried  "Mister  here's  your  Mule." 

CHO.  : — Go  back,  go  back,  go  back,  old  scamp, 

And  don't  be  made  a  fool, 
Your  niggers  they  are  all  in  camp 
And  Turchin's  got  your  Mule. 

His  corn  and  horses  all  were  gone 

Within  a  day  or  two, 
Again  he  went  to  Col.  Long, 

To  see  what  he  could  do. 
I  cannot  change  what  I  have  done, 

I  wont  be  made  a  fool, 
Was  all  the  answer  he  could  get, 

The  owner  of  the  mule. 

And  thus  from  place  to  place  we  go, 

The  song  is  e'er  the  same, 
T'is  not  as  once  it  used  to  be, 

For  Morgan's  lost  his  name. 
He  went  up  North  and  there  he  stays, 

With  stricken  face,  the  fool ; 
In  Cincinnati  now  he  cries, 

"My  Kingdom  for  a  Mule." 

An  Incident  of  the  Tullahoma  Campaign. 
An  Unwritten  Chapter  in  the  History  of  the  War. 

On  the  morning  of  the  first  of  July,  1863,  the  Second  Cav 
alry  Division,  having  passed  through  Manchester,  closed  up  with 
the  army  and  took  position  directly  east  and  some  three  miles 
distant  from  Tullahoma. 

The  First  Ohio  Cavalry  having  the  advance,  Company  K 
was  immediately  detailed  for  picket  duty  and  was  posted  on 
the  direct  road  to  Tullahoma.  The  position  chosen  for  the  reserve 
picket  was  closely  flanked  on  either  side  of  the  road  by  a  thick 
growth  of  low,  scrubby  timber  and  thickets  of  brushwood,  while 
the  videttes  were  thrown  wrell  forward  to  a  turn  in  the  road, 
in  such  position  that  they  could  observe  any  advance  by  the 
enemy  two  or  three  hundred  yards  to  the  front.  We  were  sup 
ported  by  a  grand  guard  of  a  regiment  of  infantry.  Scarcely 
was  there  time  to  make  a  disposition  of  the  guard,  when  a  sharp 


—328— 

picket  fire  began  in  our  front,  and  was  kept  up  with  but  little 
cessation  for  an  hour  or  two.  Just  about  sunset  the  enemy's 
cavalry  made  a  dash  on  our  picket  post  and  were  warmly  re 
ceived  by  the  videttes,  the  ever  vigilant  Tom  Gregg  and  Ned 
Garner,  who  emptied  their  carbines  and  fell  back  to  the  reserve 
in  good  order.  This  little  skirmish  was  followed  by  a  compar 
atively  quiet  night. 

The  videttes  were  relieved  on  the  morning  of  the  second 
and  fell  back  to  the  reserve,  tired  and  sleepy,  and  reported  "all 
quiet  in  front."  By  eight  o'clock  the  sun  was  coming  down 
hot,  with  100°  Fahrenheit  in  the  shade,  and  the  reserves  were 
glad  to  seek  the  inviting  shade  of  the  thick  woods  which  skirted 
the  road. 

Everything  seemed  unusually  still;  not  a  sound  wTas  heard 
save  now  and  then  a  stray  picket  shot  at  the  front.  About  ten 
o'clock  a  shot  was  heard  near  the  road,  on  the  advance  line, 
and  in  a  few  moments  a  shout  came  from  the  thick  woods,  as  if 
from  some  one  in  distress.  Riding  out  to  the  videttes  to  learn 
if  any  of  our  men  were  wounded,  it  was  found  that  the  shot 
had  been  fired  by  one  of  our  pickets,  and  it  was  thought  that 
one  of  the  enemy's  pickets  had  been  wounded,  or  that  it  was 
a  ruse,  often  practiced  by  both  armies,  to  induce  the  pickets  to 
make  a  reconnoissance  in  front  in  order  to  get  a  fair  shot.  The 
shouting  still  continuing,  we  became  satisfied  that  it  was  no 
ruse,  and,  riding  back  to  the  grand  guard,  asked  the  officer  in 
command  to  send  a  company  forward  and  reconnoiter  the  front, 
as  the  men  of  our  company  were  all  on  duty,  but  he  declined 
to  do  so.  Two  troopers  of  our  company  were  then  dismounted 
and  moved  down  into  the  thick  woods  and  soon  reached  a 
wounded  man,  wrho  was  stretched  out  on  his  back  and  seemed 
to  be  suffering  intense  pain.  The  boys  raised  him  up  and,  form 
ing  a  stretcher  by  locking  their  hands  together,  carried  him 
hastily  back  to  the  reserve  and  laid  him  dowrn  beside  the  road. 

He  was  an  old  man,  dressed  in  the  usual  Confederate  gray, 
but  was  not  armed,  and  had  nothing  about  his  person  to  indicate 
that  he  was  a  soldier,  except  that  an  old  haversack  hung  over 
his  shoulders.  He  was  shot  through  the  body  near  the  lungs, 
and  was  pale  and  weak  from  loss  of  blood. 

We  immediately  began  interrogating  him  in  regard  to  the 
Confederate  army  at  Tullahoma,  and  he  declared  emphatically 
that  the  place  had  been  evacuated  at  daybreak  that  morning, 
and  that  there  was  not  a  soldier  within  the  works.  We  doubted 
his  word  and  so  told  him,  as  we  knew  it  was  usual  for  a  good 
soldier,  when  taken  prisoner  by  the  enemy,  to  evade  giving 
any  information  in  regard  to  the  army  to  which  he  belonged. 
But  I  shall  never  forget  the  pale  face  of  that  old  man,  as  he 
looked  up,  trembling  with  fear  and  pain,  and  said,  in  low  and 
measured  tones:  "There  is  no  reason  whv  I  should  tell  vou  a 


—329— 

falsehood  now.  I  am  not  long  for  this  world."  His  voice  was 
so  earnest,  his  pale  face  so  impressive,  that  we  could  not  doubt 
his  statement.  Questioned  as  to  his  name,  command  and  resi 
dence,  he  said  that  he  was  not  a  soldier,  but  had  been  at  Tulla- 
homa,  and  in  trying  to  make  his  way  through  our  lines  to  his 
home  at  Manchester,  twelve  miles  to  the  east,  had  been  taken 
for  a  rebel  soldier  and  shot  by  one  of  our  pickets,  and  that  his 
name  was  Duncan. 

Immediately  on  receiving  the  information  that  Bragg  had 
evacuated  Tullahoma,  which,  if  true,  I  knew  to  be  very  important 
to  the  commanding  General,  I  mounted  my  horse  and  galloped 
rapidly  back  to  the  lines  and  encampments.  The  first  headquar 
ters  reached  were  General  George  Crook's,  who,  with  one  of 
his  staff,  sat  in  front  of  his  tent  playing  chess,  to  whom  I  rapidly 
related  Duncan's  story.  "Why  in  the  d — 1,"  said  he,  "didn't 
you  take  your  company,  make  a  dash  and  capture  the  works 
and  put  a  big'  feather  in  your  cap?"  But  I  replied  that  as  "dis 
cretion"  was  considered  "the  better  part  of  valor,"  I  had  not 
been  anxious  to  distinguish  myself  and  company  by  making  a 
dash  against  Bragg's  fortifications.  He  then  directed  me  to 
ride  rapidly  to  General  Thomas'  headquarters  and  deliver  the 
information,  a  command  I  lost  no  time  in  obeying. 

I  was  only  too  glad  to  be  the  bearer  of  such  important  infor 
mation  to  the  grand  old  hero. 

Reaching  headquarters  on  the  gallop  and  covered  with  mud, 
I  was  of  course  known  to  be  from  the  front,  and  at  once  relieved 
by  the  orderlies  of  my  horse  and  directed  to  the  General's  tent. 
As  I  approached,  I  saw  him  rise  from  a  cot,  on  which  he  had 
been  lying  in  his  shirt  sleeves,  and  advance  to  the  door  of  the 
tent  to  receive  me.  Saluting,  I  at  once  related  in  detail  the 
news  as  given  by  Duncan  of  the  evacuation  of  Tullahoma,  to 
which  he  gave  earnest  attention.  He  inquired  particularly  of 
Duncan,  of  his  story  of  himself,  his  manner,  the  gravity  of  his 
wound,  if  I  believed  the  wound  fatal,  and  if  I  put  faith  in  his 
statement.  I  had  myself  not  a  moment's  doubt  of  the  wounded 
man,  and  so  stated,  and  my  confidence  seemed  to  decide  the 
General,  who  at  once  called  to  his  Adjutant,  Flint,  to  order  an 
immediate  forward  movement  of  the  army. 

The  first  order  was  for  Brannan's  division  to  move  out  care 
fully,  and  in  five  minutes  the  bugles  were  blowing  "boots  and 
saddles,"  drums  beating  the  "long  roll,"  and  the  quiet  camp  was 
all  astir  with  the  bustle  and  preparation  for  the  forward  move. 
My  mission  ended  and  about  to  take  my  horse,  I  said  to 
the  General  that  ours  was  the  only  cavalry  command  immedi 
ately  on  the  Tullahoma  road,  and  that  the  "boys"  were  anxious 
to  lead  the  advance  when  the  army  moved,  and  asked  that  they 
be  permitted  to  do  so.  The  permission  was  readily  given,  and 
I  was  ordered  to  join  my  company  and  particularly  directed 


—330— 

to  feed  our  horses  from  a  little  field  of  wheat,  just  ripened  near 
the  reserve,  and  be  ready  to  move  as  soon  as  the  advance  of 
the  infantry  and  artillery  reached  the  outposts. 

This  little  wheat  field  had  possibly  escaped  my  notice,  but 
here  was  a  commanding  General,  burdened  with  the  care  and 
responsibility  of  a  great  army,  whose  notice  it  had  not  escaped, 
and  who  in  that  hasty  moment  thoughtfully  turned  it  over  to 
the  horses  of  our  command.  The  circumstance  impressed  me 
at  the  time  as  a  striking  exhibit  of  one  of  the  qualities  of  mind 
which  made  a  great  General  of  George  H.  Thomas. 

Reaching  the  outpost,  our  horses  were  soon  profiting  by 
the  good  General's  kindly  order,  and  in  less  than  thirty  minutes 
there  was  scarcely  a  straw  of  that  little  field  of  wheat  left 
standing. 

Very  soon  after,  the  advance  of  the  infantry,  General  Rey 
nold's  division,  reached  the  outposts,  marching  at  a  "right 
shoulder  shift,"  with  artillery  well  closed  up.  Halting  a  few 
moments,  the  General  in  command  questioned  particularly  in 
regard  to  the  enemy  in  front,  and  as  to  the  story  of  the  evacua 
tion  as  told  by  Duncan.  He  then  directed  that  our  company 
should  form  a  skirmish  line  and  move  rapidly  forward  toward 
Tullahoma,  and  not  halt  until  we  should  strike  the  enemy. 

We  did  move  forward,  as  directed,  and  marched  straightway, 
without  firing  a  shot,  into  the  abandoned  works  of  the  rebels, 
who,  as  Duncan  truthfully  stated,  were  gone,  "horse,  foot  and 
rider." 

I  had  suggested  to  General  Thomas  that  an  ambulance 
should  be  sent  out  to  the  picket  post  for  the  wounded  man, 
and  on  inquiry  a  few  days  after  found  that  he  had  been  removed 
to  the  hospital.  Supposing  his  wound  a  fatal  one,  I  had  no  doubt 
he  would  soon  die,  and  I  had  so  stated  to  General  Thomas.  Still 
I  had  never  been  certain  of  his  death,  and  in  relating  the  inci 
dents  of  the  campaign,  had  wondered  if  he  were  really  dead  or 
living.  And  as  he  had  given  us  the  news  which  caused  the 
army  to  move,  I  could  never  get  the  man  out  of  my  mind  as 
connected  with  the  evacuation  of  Tullahoma. 

A  few  years  ago  I  received  a  Washington  newspaper,  in 
which  was  a  letter  by  General  Rosecrans  giving  a  history  of 
the  Tullahoma  campaign.  Again  I  thought  of  the  man  Duncan, 
and  resolved  to  try  and  learn  if  he  had  really  died  of  his  wounds, 
or  was  still  living.  I  accordingly  wrote  to  the  postmaster  at 
Manchester,  Tenn.,  inquiring  for  the  man  and  narrating  the 
circumstance  of  his  being  shot.  I  asked  to  be  informed  partic 
ularly  of  him  if  alive,  and,  if  dead,  for  the  address  of  some  of 
his  family  or  friends  to  whom  I  might  communicate  the  par 
ticulars  of  the  shooting. 

In  a  few  days  a  reply  came  from  the  postmaster,  saying 
that  Duncan  was  still  living,  and  that  he  had  often  heard  him 


—331— 

tell  the  perilous  story  of  his  being  wounded.  He  said  that 
Duncan  still  suffered  from  the  wound,  and  further  that  he  had 
always  been  a  loyal  man,  never  borne  arms  against  the  govern 
ment,  and  when  wounded  was  simply  making  his  way  home 
from  a  visit  to  a  son  who  was  in  the  rebel  army  at  Tullahoma. 

He  at  the  same  time  gave  me  Duncan's  address,  to  whom 
I  wrote  and  from  whom  I  very  soon  received  a  thankful  reply. 
He  was  rejoiced  to  find  some  of  the  soldiers  who  knew  of  his 
being  wounded;  he  had  been  for  many  years  seeking  the  officer 
who  was  at  the  time  in  command  of  the  outpost.  He  said  he 
was  now,  as  he  had  always  been,  a  loyal  man,  and  that  although 
he  had  been  suspected  and  his  property  confiscated,  he  had 
never  lost  faith  that  the  "god  of  battle"  would  some  day  set 
him  right;  and  that  since  hearing  so  kindly  from  the  Union 
soldiers  who  had  been  the  unwitting  cause  of  his  sufferings, 
he  could  see  the  dawn  of  better  days.  He  was  over  seventy- 
six  years  of  age,  and  had  all  these  years  been  in  constant  pain 
from  the  wound.  He  sent  me  his  photograph,  which  shows  a 
tall,  gray-haired  old  man,  with  an  honest,  sympathetic  face; 
and  it  seems  to  me  that  after  all  these  years  I  can  detect  in 
the  features  the  same  pale-faced  and  suffering  man  who  lay 
by  the  roadside  that  memorable  second  day  of  July,  1863,  and 
truthfully  told  the  story  of  the  evacuation  of  Tullahoma  by 
the  Confederates. 

The  incident  of  the  wounding  and  the  importance  of  the 
news  communicated  by  Duncan  made  such  an  impression  on 
my  mind  that  the  man's  face  has  been  ever  since  before  me 
like  a  vision.  Although  I  saw  him  but  a  few  moments,  and  that 
in  the  excitement  of  a  hurried  interrogation  as  to  the  movements 
of  the  enemy,  the  impression  was  so  vivid  that  time  has  served 
only  to  strengthen  the  memory  of  it.  And  an  unseen  hand  seems 
to  have  directed  me  to  write,  for  when  I  saw  him  lying  wounded, 
I  firmly  believed  that  in  a  few  hours'  time  he  would  surely  die. 

He  referred  very  feelingly  in  his  letter  to  the  fact  of  his 
having  had  considerable  Confederate  money  at  the  time,  which 
had  been  taken  from  him  by  some  of  the  grand  guard,  not 
of  our  command,  and  which  we  had  ordered  returned.  Among 
other  things  taken  from  him  and  returned  he  mentioned  an 
old  tobacco  box,  carried  by  his  grandfather  in  the  Revolutionary 
War,  and  which  he  still  had  in  his  possession.  He  also  said 
that  he  has  always  believed  that  his  life  was  saved  by  the  use 
of  the  "square  and  compass,"  signs  of  the  Masonic  order,  of 
which  he  seems  to  have  been  a  member.  What  I  myself  did 
for  him,  however,  was  through  common  humanity,  as  I  too  had 
once  been  a  prisoner  and  knew  how  to  sympathize  with  him. 
It  seems  that  he  was  some  two  weeks  in  our  hospital,  where 
he  had  received,  at  General  Eosecrans'  special  order,  the  best 
possible  attention. 


—332— 

It  seems  strange  that,  after  so  many,  many  years,  I  should 
so  easily  reach  the  man  and  find  myself  in  friendly  correspond 
ence  with  him. 

I  carried  on  a  friendly  correspondence  with  him  for  some 
time,  and  at  his  suggestion  wrote  to  two  or  three  ex-Confederate 
officers  and  made  inquiry  as  to  his  loyalty,  and  several  of  these 
officers  made  affidavit  that  he  was  a  strong  Union  man  through 
all  the  years  of  the  war. 

I  then  wrote  Congressman  Houk,  of  Tennessee,  and  General 
J.  S.  Eobinson,  member  of  Congress  from  the  district  where 
I  resided,  and  enlisted  them  in  his  behalf.  I  then  procured 
a  large  number  of  affidavits  from  both  Union  and  Confederate 
soldiers  as  to  his  loyalty  and  the  value  of  his  property  con 
fiscated  by  our  army.  Everything  was  in  readiness  to  have 
a  bill  introduced  in  Congress  to  pay  him  for  the  property  con 
fiscated,  but  just  as  his  papers  had  been  completed  and  before 
the  bill  was  introduced,  he  died,  on  the  eighth  day  of  December, 
1883. 

A  Visit   to    Chickamauga    Thirty    Years   After  the  Battle  of   September 

20,  1863. 

On  the  evening  of  September  13,  1892,  with  Captain  Kir- 
kendall  and  my  daughter,  I  took  the  Big  Four  train  for  Cin 
cinnati  enroute  for  Chattanooga  to  attend  the  reunion  of  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland,  to  be  held  on  the  Chickamauga  battle 
field,  September  15  and  16.  From  Cincinnati  we  took  the  Queen 
and  Crescent  route  at  eight  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  September 
14  for  Chattanooga,  and  had  a  delightful  ride  across  the  States 
of  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  passing  through  the  famous  blue- 
grass  region  and  Lexington  noted  for  its  fine  cattle,  fast  horses 
and  handsome  women. 

The  road  runs  through  a  very  rough  and  mountainous 
region  from  Danville,  Ky.,  there  being  upward  of  twenty  tun 
nels  cut  through  the  mountains  and  many  of  them  quite  long. 
On  this  line  is  the  highest  trestle  in  America  at  "High  Bridge" 
across  the  Kentucky  Eiver,  being  two  hundred  and  eighty-four 
feet  in  height,  and  next  to  the  highest  in  the  world;  one  bridge 
in  Switzerland  being  six  inches  higher. 

The  road  passes  through  Somerset,  Ky.,  near  the  battle 
field  of  Wild  Cat,  where  General  Thomas  defeated  Zollicoffer 
on  the  twentieth  day  of  January,  1802,  and  the  latter  officer 
lost  his  life.  As  will  be  remembered  by  all  comrades  who  were 
in  the  regiment  in  1861,  the  First  Ohio  was  ordered  from  Camp 
Buell,  at  Louisville,  to  join  General  Thomas,  but  when  we  reached 
Lebanon,  Ky.,  the  battle  had  been  fought  and  we  halted  here 
and  went  into  camp  for  several  weeks.  The  mention  of  the 
name  of  the  famous  Camp  Frankenberger,  T  think,  will  refresh 
the  memory  of  every  comrade  as  to  the  history  of  this  march 


—333— 

and  the  camp  on  the  side  of  the  mountain,  and  the  torrent  that 
rushed  through  the  valley  below  and  swept  oft'  the  saddles  and 
equipments  of  the  companies  that  camped  near  the  stream. 

The  next  morning  after  arriving  at  Chattanooga  we  were 
up  bright  and  early  and  took  the  train  for  Crawfish  Springs, 
distant  thirteen  miles.  The  railroad  runs  along  the  line  of 
the  Dry  Valley  road  and  about  two  hundred  yards  west  from 
the  Widow  Glenn's  house,  where  General  Rosecrans  had  his 
headquarters  September  20,  1863,  during  the  battle. 

Arriving  at  Crawfish  Springs,  or  Chickamauga,  as  the  sta 
tion  is  called,  we  were  just  in  time  to  attend  the  business  meet 
ing  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  held  at  the 
Park  Hotel,  a  very  large  summer  hotel  and  resort  erected  near 
the  Spring.  Generals  Rosecrans,  Morgan,  Reynolds,  Tom  Wood, 
Boyntou,  Baird,  Beatty,  Barnett  and  other  brigade  and  division 
commanders  were  present  at  the  meeting,  all  with  hair  wThite 
as  snow,  but  all  happy  and  seemingly  renewing  their  youth 
again,  as  they  meet  and  greet  each  other  after  a  lapse  of  twenty- 
nine  years  since  the  great  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

The  stream  formed  by  the  spring  has  been  dammed  up 
about  a  hundred  yards  below  where  the  spring  bursts  from 
the  bank,  thus  forming  a  lake,  but  destroying  the  old  spring 
completely.  The  old  water-wheel  is  gone  and  not  a  vestige  of 
anything  remains  by  which  the  Crawfish  Springs  of  September 
20,  1863,  can  be  recognized. 

We  visited  the  Lee  House  just  up  the  hill  from  the  spring 
about  two  hundred  yards,  where  our  division  hospital  was  estab 
lished  Sunday  afternoon,  and  where  Colonel  Cupp  died  in  the 
southeast  parlor  about  4  P.  M.,  September  20,  and  found  but 
little  change  in  the  grand  old  brick  plantation  house  with  its 
wide  halls  and  beautiful  lawn  dotted  wTith  flowers  and  stately 
forest  trees.  This  house  has  just  passed  out  of  the  hands  of 
the  Lees,  and  is  owned  by  the  land  syndicate  that  platted  the 
village  of  Chickamauga  adjoining.  We  went  back  to  the  rear 
of  the  house  about  one  hundred  yards  to  the  edge  of  the  woods 
and  facing  east  looked  southwest  across  the  old  fields,  where 
the  second  line  was  formed  after  we  fell  back  from  our  first 
line  near  Glass'  Mills.  There  was  no  change  in  the  old  fields, 
and  as  we  gazed  again  and  again  it  seemed  that  we  could  see 
the  line  of  tramping  horses  and  bright,  gleaming  sabers  as  we 
formed  the  long  lines  on  that  bright  Sabbath  day  and  waited 
anxiously  and  watched  intently  for  the  attack  of  the  enemy 
from  the  woods;  but,  as  will  be  remembered,  no  attack  was 
made,  and  we  formed  a  skirmish  line  and  moved  into  the  woods 
and  brought  Colonel  Cupp  and  many  other  wounded  back  to 
the  hospital.  We  then  fell  back  into  the  woods  and  stood  to 
horse  until  about  5  o'clock  P.  M.,  and  during  the  time  we  held 
this  line  and  listened  to  the  thundering  of  Thomas'  guns  on 


—334— 

Snodgrass  Hill  to  the  left.  I  have  always  thought  that  this 
was  the  heaviest  cannonading  we  ever  heard  during  our  four 
years'  service.  The  old  road  running  northwest  from  the  rear 
of  the  Lee  House  to  Chattanooga  Valley  and  over  which  we 
fell  back  and  lighted  our  fires  Sunday  evening,  does  not  seem 
to  have  changed,  and  is  yet  unfenced,  running  through  the  woods. 

General  Beatty,  Colonel  Kellogg  —  who  was  an  aid  on  Gen 
eral  Thomas'  staff,  —  Captain  Barker  nd  Captain  Kirkendall, 
of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  Captain  James  Thomson,  of  the  Fourth 
Ohio  Cavalry,  and  myself  were  in  the  group  that  examined 
our  lines,  and  it  Avas  an  intensely  interesting  meeting,  as  all 
took  part  in  the  battle  on  some  part  of  the  field. 

In  the  afternoon  we  hired  a  rig  consisting  of  a  pair  of  his 
toric  army  mules,  a  big  wagon  and  a  native  Georgia  boy,  with 
a  complexion  as  red  as  the  Georgian  sand,  and  who  could  give 
us  the  Southern  brogue  and  spit  tobacco  juice  in  true  Southern 
style.  Our  party  consisted  of  Captain  Thomson,  Captain  Kir 
kendall,  my  daughter  Ivaloo  and  self. 

We  had  also  secured  the  services  of  a  citizen  by  the  name 
of  K.  S.  Shaw,  who  was  in  the  Fourth  Georgia  Confederate  Cav 
alry  and  under  command  of  General  Wheeler  in  the  fight  of 
Sunday,  and  was  with  the  dismounted  cavalry  that  attacked 
us  in  the  morning. 

The  distance  from  Crawfish  Springs  to  our  first  line  near 
Glass'  Mills,  where  Colonel  Cupp  was  wounded,  is  about  one 
and  a  half  miles,  and  over  one  of  the  stoniest  and  roughest  roads 
in  Georgia;  but  after  about  an  hour's  bouncing  over  the  rocks 
•we  arrived  on  the  grounds  all  safe  and  with  no  broken  bones. 
We  had  no  difficulty  in  locating  the  grounds  and  satisfied  our 
selves  beyond  a  doubt  as  to  almost  the  exact  location  of  the 
Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery,  as  I  had  in  company  with 
comrade  A.  A.  Hill,  of  Company  K,  examined  the  grounds  three 
years  ago,  as  had  also  Sergeant  C.  S.  Irwin,  of  Company  K,  who 
was  wounded  on  the  spot. 

Shaw,  who  had  lived  in  the  vicinity  before,  and  ever  since 
the  war,  was  very  positive  that  we  had  our  first  line,  where 
Colonel  Cupp  was  wounded,  correctly  located,  and  we  spent  the 
afternoon  examining  the  surroundings.  The  next  day  we  hired 
another  mule  team  from  Frank  Osborn,  who  was  also  a  Con 
federate  soldier  and  served  under  John  Morgan,  and  perhaps 
they  were  some  of  Morgan's  mules,  made  famous  in  story  and 
song.  We  devoted  the  day  to  visiting  other  points  on  the  bat 
tle-field,  and,  as  may  not  be  known  to  all,  the  government  has 
purchased  about  seven  thousand  acres  of  land,  comprising  the 
greater  part  of  the  battle-field,  for  a  military  park,  and  are  now 
constructing  some  very  fine  drives  and  boulevards  of  gravel 
and  crushed  stone,  also  cutting  out  the  underbrush,  and  this 
will  be  for  all  future  time  a  grand  military  park,  protected  and 


-335— 

cared  for  by  the  government.  We  started  from  Battle  Station, 
situated  on  the  railroad  and  about  three  miles  from  Crawfish 
Springs,  and  first  visited  Snod grass  Hill,  where  the  "Kock  of 
Chickamauga,"  General  Thomas,  held  the  whole  rebel  army  at 
bay  during  that  long  and  bloody  battle  Sunday  afternoon. 

The  old  Snodgrass  house  stands  there  yet  and  the  oak  tree 
in  the  yard,  where  the  brave  old  hero  made  his  headquarters 
during  the  great  struggle,  and  the  cotton-field  in  front,  where 
balls  may  yet  be  found,  shot  from  thousands  of  hot  musket- 
barrels.  From  noon  until  night  the  five  divisions  of  "Thomas' 
line"  successfully  resisted  and  held  in  check  the  entire  Confed 
erate  army. 

As  the  principal  object  of  this  reunion  was  to  mark  the 
lines  of  battle,  everywhere  we  would  see  groups  of  officers  and 
soldiers  earnestly  discussing  the  situation  and  marking  the  lines 
of  regiments  and  brigades.  The  Second  Brigade,  Second  Cav 
alry  Division,  to  which  our  regiment  belonged,  consisted  of  the 
First,  Third  and  Fourth  Ohio  Cavalry,  Second  Kentucky  Cav 
alry  and  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  Battery,  the  brigade  being 
commanded  by  Colonel  Eli  Long  and  the  division  by  General 
Geo.  Crook.  The  delegates  appointed  to  fix  the  line  of  battle 
and  select  the  position  for  erecting  the  monuments  for  the  bri 
gade  consisted  of  Captain  James  W.  Kirkendall  and  Captain 
W.  L.  Curry,  First  O.  Y.  C,;  Hon.  'G.  W.  Salsgaber,  Third  O. 
V.  C.,  and  Captain  Jas.  Thomson,  Fourth  O.  V.  C. 

We  had  a  consultation  with  members  of  the  National  Com 
mission  and  also  with  the  Ohio  Commission,  and  as  the  line 
of  battle  of  our  brigade  wras  some  distance  to  the  right  of  the 
center  of  the  battle-field  and  on  a  country  road  but  little  trav 
elled  and  outside  of  the  park,  it  was  decided  to  erect  our  mon 
uments  on  the  grounds  of  the  military  park,  the  position  selected 
being  on  the  Dry  Valley  Road,  about  tw^o  and  a  half  miles  north 
from  Crawfish  Springs  and  twTo  hundred  yards  southwest  from 
the  Widow  Glenn's  house,  where  General  Rosecrans'  headquar 
ters  were  on  Sunday,  the  twentieth,  and  where  Wilder's  brigade 
is  now  erecting  a  monument  one  hundred  feet  high.  The  point 
selected  is  a  prominent  place  and  will  be  visited  by  all  persons 
who  visit  the  battle-field,  as  it  is  only  a  half  mile"  from  Battle 
Station. 

After  completing  our  work  on  the  battle-field  we  spent  one 
day  visiting  the  objects  of  interest  in  Chattanooga,  Lookout 
Mountain,  Missionary  Ridge  and  the  National  Cemetery.  The 
objects  of  interest  about  Chattanooga  are  numerous.  For  a 
good  view  of  the  city  you  should  visit  Cameron  Hill,  in  the 
heart  of  the  city,  which  is  reached  by  an  inclined  plane,  and  also 
Orchard  Knob  and  Missionary  Ridge  and  the  National  Cem 
etery.  It  contains  the  graves  of  13,060  Union  soldiers;  8,092 
known,  and  4,968  unknown.  It  is  beautifully  laid  out  and  well 


—336— 

kept,  and  contains  seventy-five  and  one-half  acres  of  land  and 
is  enclosed  by  a  heavy  limestone  wall  four  and  one-half  feet 
high.  I  was  informed  by  the  superintendent  that  the  site  for 
this  cemetery  was  selected  by  General  Thomas,  while  he  stood 
on  Orchard  Knob,  during  the  progress  of  the  battle  of  Mission 
Ridge  in  November,  1863,  and  shortly  after  that  battle  active 
steps  were  taken  to  prepare  it  for  interments,  so  that  its  estab 
lishment  dates  from  1863.  The  number  of  unknown  Ohio  troops 
interred  is  1,792.  It  is  located  just  on  the  eastern  boundary 
cf  the  city,  and  its  eastern  slopes  were  the  camping  ground  of 
Sheridan's  division,  just  prior  to  the  assault  on  Missionary  Ridge. 

The  following  description  of  the  scene  from  Lookout  Moun 
tain  is  copied  from  a  Chattanooga  newspaper. 

"Lookout  Mountain  is  reached  by  a  standard-guage  rail 
road,  ascending  to  the  summit  and  depositing  visitors  close 
to  Lookout  Inn.  An  inclined  cable  railway  also  runs  from  the 
base  of  the  mountain,  at  the  village  of  St.  Elmo  to  the  foot, 
of  the  cliff  at  the  nose  of  the  mountain,  and  connects  with  a 
narrow-guage  railroad  running  along  the  AArest  side  to  Sunset 
Rock  and  on  to  the  National  Bridge  Hotel.  From  Sunset  Rock 
a  fine  view  of  the  Valley  of  Lookout  Creek  is  had,  and  objects 
can  be  distinctly  seen  in  three  states,  Tennessee,  Alabama  and 
Georgia.  The  battle-ground  of  Wauhatchie  is  seen  below,  just 
beyond  Wauhatchie  railroad  station. " 

Arriving  on  top  of  the  mountain,  and  going  forward  to 
the  point  and  standing  on  the  cliff,  a  magnificent  panorama 
is  spread  out  —  five  states  are  visible.  Beginning  at  the  left, 
the  Wauhatchie  battle-ground  in  the  valley;  Racoon  Mountain, 
the  high  mountain  on  the  left,  and  Walden's  Ridge  across  the 
Tennessee  River  on  the  right.  The  Tennessee  is  visible  for  a 
length  of  twenty  miles.  The  very  sharp  bend  under  Lookout 
Mountain  forms  Mocassin  Point.  At  the  left  hand  side  of  the 
neck  of  the  bend  is  Brown's  Ferry,  the  scene  of  an  exploit 
previous  to  the  battle  of  Chickamauga.  A  picked  force  of  the 
Union  army  proceeded  in  boats  down  the  river  during  the  night, 
and  scaling  the  deep  hill  on  the  left  bank  of  the  river,  seized 
it  from  the  rebels.  To  the  northeast  Chattanooga  is  spread  out. 
When  the  war  broke  out,  its  population  was  three  thousand, 
nestled  close  to  the  river,  between  Cameron  Hill  and  the  high 
ground  to  the  right  of  it,  The  creek  between  the  mountain  and 
the  city  is  Chattanooga  Creek.  Further  to  the  right,  in  the 
plain  below,  is  the  National  Cemetery,  three  and  a  half  miles 
distant;  and  in  line  with  it  and  one  mile  farther  away  is  Orchard 
Knob,  the  scene  of  the  second  day  of  the  battle  of  Chattanooga. 
Missionary  Ridge  is  in  full  view  for  many  miles.  Looking  a 
little  north  of  east,  to  the  summit  of  Missionary  Ridge,  is  the 
site  of  the  headquarters  of  the  Confederate  commander,  General 
Braxton  Bragg.  Southeast  is  Rossville  Gap,  which  is  in  Georgia, 


—337— 

just  south  of  the  state  line,  often  alluded  to  in  the  history  of  the 
battle  of  Ohickamauga,  which  was  fought  a  few  miles  beyond. 
The  high  range  of  mountains  in  the  distant  background,  to 
the  northeast,  are  the  Unaka  and  Great  Smoky  Mountains, 
bounding  the  states  of  Tennessee  and  North  Carolina. 

The  intrenchments  of  our  army  previous  to  the  three-days' 
battle  enclosed  Chattanooga  in  an  arc  of  a  circle  of  a  mile  radius, 
extending  from  the  river  at  the  small  towhead  in  Mocassin  Bend, 
below,  to  about  w^here  Citico  Furnace  now  stands  above  the 
town,  making  a  line  of  fortifications  two  and  a  half  miles  long. 
The  Confederate  line  extended  along  the  crest  of  Missionary 
Ridge  five  miles,  from  East  Chattanooga  station  on  the  north 
to  a  point  about  east  of  the  point  of  Lookout  Mountain,  and 
then  four  miles  farther  across  the  valley  toward  the  observer, 
and  up  the  mountain  to  below  the  nose.  The  Confederate  Fort 
Bragg  still  stands  on  the  mountain  a  few  hundred  yards  back 
from  the  point.  During  the  siege  a  battery  on  top  of  the  point 
of  the  mountain  threw  shells  into  the  Union  army  entrench 
ments  for  several  weeks.  In  the  battle  of  Lookout  Mountain 
the  Union  forces  under  Hooker  approached  from  Wauhatchie, 
on  the  west  side,  and  attacked  the  Confederates  stationed  under 
the  point.  The  latter  finally  retreated  to  the  summit  of  the 
mountain  and  held  the  Federals  at  bay  until,  under  cover  of  the 
obscurity,  they  found  a  place  to  scale  the  cliffs  on  the  west 
side,  a  short  distance  back  from  the  point. 

About  a  mile  and  a  half  back  from  Point  Lookout  is  the 
Natural  Bridge;  and  farther  south  Rocky  City,  a  great  mass 
of  conglomerate  rocks,  several  acres  in  extent,  split  up  at  inter 
vals  into  crevasses,  or  streets,  as  they  are  called. 

Each  visit  to  Lookout  Mountain  increases  the  wonder  that 
everybody  who  can  does  not  go  to  see  it.  Aside  from  the  intense 
interest  with  which  the  events  of  the  war  clothes  its  steeps, 
and  the  country  about  it,  by  the  testimony  of  those  who  have 
visited  the  most  natural  scenes  of  the  globe,  it  has  a  charm  and 
grandeur  that  gives  it  high  rank  even  w^ith  those  who  have 
been  the  most  industrious  travelers. 

We  exchanged  our  tickets  and  returned  to  Cincinnati  via 
the  L.  &  N.  R.  R.,  passing  through  many  of  the  old  towns  so 
well  known  to  the  First  Ohio  during  the  war,  and  where  many 
of  the  "boys"  saw  the  girl  they  "left  behind"  in  a  few  days. 

The  principal  towns  being  White  Sides,  Bellfont,  Bridge 
port,  Stevenson,  Tantallon,  Bell  Buckle,  Decherd,  Murfrees- 
boro  —  the  battle-field  of  Stone  River,  Lavergne  and  Nashville. 
The  Stone's  River  Cemetery  contains  twenty  acres  inside  of 
enclosing  walls  and  the  interments  are  as  follows: 


338— 

Known  Union  soldiers 3,811 

Unknown  Union  soldiers 2,325 

Known  civilians 5 

Unknown  civilians   5 

Total 6,146 

The  monument  in  the  cemetery  is  a  shaft  of  very  handsome 
scrolled  sandstone  fifteen  feet  high,  surmounted  with  a  large 
bronze  eagle,  the  feet  resting  on  a  large,  round,  solid  cannon 
ball. 

The  inscription  on  one  side  is  as  follows:  "In  memory  of 
the  officers  an  enlisted  men  of  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Eight 
eenth  and  Nineteenth  U.  S.  I.  and  Battery  H,  Fifth  U.  S.  Artil 
lery,  who  were  killed  or  died  of  wrounds  received  in  the  battle 
of  Stone  Eiver,  Tenn.,  December  31,  1862,  to  January  3,  1863." 
On  the  other  side:  "Erected  by  their  comrades  of  the  Regular 
Brigade,  Army  of  the  Cumberland.  Erected  in  1882."  (Also 
the  badge  of  the  Fourteenth  Army  Corps  cut  in  raised  letters.) 
"The  blood  of  one-third  of  its  soldiers,  twice  spilled  in  Ten 
nessee,  crimsons  the  battle-flag  of  the  Brigade,  and  inspires 
to  greater  deeds." 

"The  Veterans  of  Shiloh  have  left  their  deathless  heritage 
of  fame  on  the  field  of  Stone  River." 

Then  from  Nashville  to  Louisville  over  the  old  route  we 
travelled  so  often  during  the  war. 

We  were  gone  just  one  week,  and  had  a  most  enjoyable 
time,  and  only  wish  that  every  member  of  the  First  Ohio  living 
could  have  been  with  us. 

Prisoners  of  War. 

A  regiment  that  was  in  more  than  fifty  fights,  and  at  least 
as  many  more  skirmishes^  was  necessarily  in  contact  with  the 
enemy  a  great  many  times.  As  a  result  many  soldiers  of  both 
armies  would  be  taken  prisoner,  and  the  First  Ohio  was  no 
exception  to  that  rule.  A  great  many  of  the  First  Ohio  were 
taken  prisoner,  and  a  short  account  of  their  experiences  will 
be  of  interest  to  every  member  of  the  regiment.  While  it  is 
not  possible  to  give  the  total  number  of  soldiers  of  the  regi 
ment,  captured,  still  I  have  the  names  of  quite  a  number,  and 
herewith  devote  a  short  chapter  to  some  incidents  connected 
with  their  capture  and  imprisonment. 

When  General  Wheeler  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  at  Cot 
ton  Port,  September  30,  1863,  one  battalion  of  the  First  Ohio 
was  guarding  a  ford  and  a  number  of  men  of  Companies  K  and 
B  were  taken  prisoners.  Of  Company  K  the  names  were  Ser 
geant  Elliott  Young,  Sergeant  Cornelius  Byers,  Pressley  E.  G  off, 
Edward  Garner,  James  Henry,  James  Stanton,  David  Nedrow 


—339— 

and  Frederick  Wedo.  Of  this  number,  Garner,  Wedo,  and  Goff 
died  in  Andersonviile,  and  all  of  the  others  had  an  experience 
that  is  well  worth  relating.  They  were  all  sent  to  Libby  Prison, 
via  Atlanta,  and  in  November  of  the  same  year  were  transferred 
from  Libby  to  Danville,  Ya.  The  names  of  the  prisoners  taken 
from  Company  B  I  have  not  been  able  to  find.  They  were  sent 
from  Kichinond  to  Danville  in  box-cars,  and  were  very  closely 
packed  in,  with  two  Confederate  guards  in  each  car.  In  one 
of  these  cars  it  was  arranged  that  they  should  cut  a  hole  in 
the  end  of  the  car  large  enough  for  a  soldier  to  crawl  through, 
and  when  it  became  dark,  a  soldier  was  to  slip  through  the  end 
of  the  car,  and  uncouple  the  train.  They  were  then  to  make 
an  attempt  to  escape.  At  the  front  end  of  the  car  the  large 
number  of  prisoners  crowded  around  to  cover  the  operations 
of  two  comrades  who  were  cutting  a  hole  through  the  end  of 
the  car  with  pocket-knives.  The  next  important  matter  was 
to  look  after  the  guards,  and  two  of  the  best  talkers,  including 
Sergeant  Young,  were  detailed  to  uncap  the  muskets  of  the 
guards,  and  they  became  very  familiar  with  the  guards  and 
handled  their  guns,  and  finally  succeeded  in  uncapping  both  of 
them.  The  hole  in  the  end  of  the  car  was  completed,  and  every 
thing  was  arranged  to  uncouple  the  train  as  soon  as  it  was 
dark,  but  some  of  the  prisoners  became  nervous  and  thought 
that  they  were  nearing  Danville,  and  uncoupled  the  train  before 
dark.  The  front  of  the  train  moved  forward  after  the  engine, 
and  all  of  the  cars  in  rear  of  the  one  in  which  the  prisoners 
were  making  an  attempt  to  escape  were  of  course  stopped  on 
the  track.  As  the  hole  in  the  end  of  the  car  was  quite  small, 
it  took  some  time  for  the  prisoners  to  get  through,  and  there 
was  a  great  commotion  as  to  who  should  go  out  first.  Eight 
of  the  boys  of  the  First  Ohio  succeded  in  getting  out,  and  of 
course  immediately  ran  across  the  fields  and  woods  as  rapidly 
as  possible,  and  the  guards  began  firing  and  pursuing  them. 
All  of  the  eight  who  made  their  escape  were  recaptured,  except 
ing  David  Alt,  of  Company  F,  who  had  been  left  as  nurse  with 
Colonel  Cupp  when  he  was  left  at  the  Lee  House  at  the  battle 
of  Chickamauga,  and  when  Colonel  Cupp  died,  he  was  taken 
prisoner.  Dave  Laporte,  of  Company  F,  was  also  one  who 
attempted  to  escape.  Sergeant  Young  gives  a  very  interesting 
and  graphic  description  of  this  escape,  as  the  boys  were  all 
intensely  excited  and  were  willing  to  take  any  kind  of  chances 
of  being  killed  in  hopes  of  escape  from  the  rebel  prison  at  Dan 
ville,  which  they  well  knew  was  awaiting  them.  These  pris 
oners  remained  at  Danville  until  about  May,  1864,  and  were 
sent  from  there  to  Andersonville.  They  remained  at  Anderson- 
ville  until  October,  1864,  and  during  this  time  Garner,  Wedo 
and  Goff  had  all  died.  From  there  they  went  to  Charleston, 
S.  C.,  where  they  remained  about  a  month,  and  in  November, 


—340— 

1864,  were  transferred  to  Florence,  where  they  remained  until 
March,  1865.  While  at  Florence,  the  prisoners  were  transferred 
to  another  camp,  and  having  some  notice  of  this  fact,  many  of 
them  tried  to  escape  by  digging  holes  under  their  tents,  then 
covering  them  over  with  boards  or  sticks,  and  when  the  order 
came  to  move,  they  crawled  down  in  these  holes,  and  the  boards 
were  covered  over  with  sand.  Young  and  another  soldier  of 
a  different  regiment  made  this  attempt,  and  Jim  Stanton,  of  Com 
pany  K,  covered  them  over  carefully,  and  when  the  prisoners 
had  marched  out  and  it  was  thought  that  all  was  safe,  some 
soldier  who  had  been  making  the  same  attempt  crawled  out 
from  his  hiding-place,  and  the  guard  noticing  him,  a  company 
of  guards  was  called  and  made  a  thorough  search  of  the  whole 
camp  by  going  over  the  camp  and  running  their  bayonets  down 
into  the  ground  to  see  if  they  could  strike  any  boards  where 
men  were  concealed.  Young  and  his  comrade  were  thus  routed 
out,  and  were  taken  back  to  prison  in  a  hurry.  In  March,  1865, 
Young  and  Stanton  were  sent  to  Wilmington,  S.  C.,  to  our  lines, 
and  then  to  Annapolis,  Md.,  where  they  were  exchanged  March 
14,  1865.  Xedrow  was  exchanged  from  Andersonville  in  the 
fall  of  1864,  and  Henry  was  exchanged  from  Libby  Prison  in 
the  spring  of  1864.  Byers  was  separated  from  the  other  mem 
bers  of  the  First  Ohio,  and  was  sent  back  from  Andersonville 
to  Eichmond,  to  hospital  and  then  to  Annapolis,  Md.,  where 
he  was  paroled  in  the  spring  of  1864.  During  the  time  they 
were  in  prison  they  met  many  other  members  of  the  First  Ohio, 
but  I  can  learn  the  names  of  but  few  of  them. 

Sergeant  Young  relates  a  story  about  William  Miller,  of 
Company  F,  and  himself  making  an  attempt  to  escape  while 
at  Charleston.  It  seems  that  Miller  had  succeded  in  getting  a 
detail  to  assist  in  a  bake-shop,  and  he  and  Young  laid  a  plan 
of  escape.  In  order  to  have  some  rations  to  eat  on  their  long 
journey  from  Charleston  to  our  line,  Young  bought  a  barrel 
of  flour,  for  which  he  paid  $1300  in  Confederate  money,  and 
Miller  was  to  have  it  baked  up,  and  they  were  then  to*  make 
the  attempt.  After  the  matter  was  all  arranged,  it  was  learned 
that  Sherman's  army  was  nearing  the  coast,  and  the  attempt 
was  abandoned  and  the  thirteen  hundred  dollar  barrel  of  flour 
was  baked  up  and  sold  to  the  other  prisoners.  It  will  be  under 
stood  by  this  statement  that  flour  was  very  high  in  the  Southern 
Confederacy  or  that  Confederate  money  was  very  cheap. 

Another  story  is  related  about  a  Confederate  soldier  who 
had  a  horse  that  he  wished  to  sell,  and  being  offered  three 
thousand  dollars  for  the  horse,  he  spurned  the  offer  indignantly, 
stating  that  he  had  just  that  morning  paid  a  fellow  a  thousand 
dollars  to  curry  his  horse. 

Thomas  A.  Morrison,  of  Company  B,  was  also  taken  pris 
oner  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  ^September  20,  1863.  He 


—341— 

was  then  taken  to  Belle  Isle,  then  to  Richmond,  Va.,  and  re 
mained  there  two  months,  and  was  then  removed  to  Danville, 
where  he  made  an  escape  from  prison  No.  5  by  tunneling  out 
of  the  prison,  January  28,  1864,  in  company  with  A.  G.  Laughlin, 
of  Company  B,  Thaddeus  McVay,  of  Company  B,  David  Laporte, 
of  Company  F,  and  Charles  Vaughn,  of  the  Second  Kentucky 
Cavalry.  After  untold  hardships  during  the  winter  of  1864, 
laying  out  in  all  kinds  of  weather  and  almost  starved  for  thirty- 
six  days,  they  reached  our  lines  at  Fayetteville,  W.  Va.,  where 
they  were  entertained  for  a  few  days  by  the  Eleventh  and 
Twelfth  O.  V.  I.  They  were  sent  to  ^Charleston,  W.  Va.,  and 
from  there  to  Cincinnati,  where  they  were  furloughed  home 
for  twenty  days,  and  then  joined  the  regiment  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  in  the  spring  of  1864. 

Captured. 

During  the  advance  of  Buell's  army  east  of  Corinth,  Miss., 
along  the  line  of  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  Railroad,  detach 
ments  of  the  regiment  were  guarding  the  different  bridges  and 
trestles  on  this  road.  A  part  of  my  company,  I,  was  stationed 
near  Decatur,  Alabama,  guarding  a  small  bridge.  While  at 
this  place,  on  or  about  the  sixteenth  day  of  July,  1862,  a  regi 
ment  of  infantry  and  a  squad  of  about  twelve  men  of  the  com 
pany  were  sent  out  to  within  a  short  distance  of  Summerville 
for  the  purpose  of  protecting  a  large  number  of  refugees  who 
desired  to  come  within  our  lines  and  enlist  in  our  army.  Our 
cavalry  squad,  under,  command  of  Captain  S.  C.  Writer,  were 
sent  forward  as  an  advance  guard.  A  reliable  guide,  who  lived 
in  the  part  of  the  country  where  the  force  was  going,  accom 
panied  our  cavalry.  About  eight  miles  out  from  Decatur  the 
guide  informed  Captain  Writer  that  we  were  nearing  the  resi 
dence  of  a  noted  "bushwhacker''  and  would  probably  find  him 
at  home.  When  wre  came  within  sight  of  the  house  he  was 
observed  sitting  on  the  porch  in  company  of  two  ladies  and 
an  old  man.  When  he  saw  the  Yankee  cavalry  coming,  he 
jumped  up,  ran  into  the  house,  picked  up  his  shot-gun,  and 
fled  out  the  back  way.  Some  delay  was  caused  in  getting 
through  the  gate  and  we  were  just  in  time  to  see  his  fleeing 
form  going  across  a  field.  A  number  of  shots  were  fired,  but 
without  effect.  I  dismounted,  took  a  careful  aim  and  brought 
him  to  the  ground.  He  was  seen  to  scramble  to  his  feet  and 
start  on.  I  quickly  placed  another  cartridge  in  1113"  carbine 
and  gave  him  a  parting  shot  just  as  he  climbed  over  a  fence 
to  make  his  escape  into  the  woods.  I  saw  the  same  "old  chap" 
after  I  was  captured  a  few  days  later,  and  he  told  me  one  of 
the  Yankees,  the  one  that  fired"  the  second  last  shot,  broke  his 


—342— 

right  arm  above  the  elbow.     Of  course,  I  did  not  claim  the 
honor  of  being  the  "best  shot/' 

A  few  miles  further  on,  the  guide  cautioned  the  Captain 
that  the  country  was  infested  with  guerillas  and  it  would  be 
advisable  to  halt  until  the  infantry  column  came  up.  The  Cap 
tain  replied  that  he  was  in  command  and  ordered  him  to  lead 
on  to  his  destination.  We  then  proceeded  about  four  miles 
further  and  were  nearing  a  house,  the  owner  of  which,  the  guide 
informed  us,  was  a  "Union  man."  Two  men  were  left  in  the 
road  as  a  picket,  and  the  rest  of  the  squad  rode  into  the  barn 
yard,  wrere  ordered  to  dismount  and  feed  the  horses.  The  Cap 
tain  proceeded  to  the  house  and  ordered  supper.  Being  some 
what  suspicious,  I  and  Sergeant  Sullenberger  kept  near  our 
horses,  while  the  rest  went  to  the  house.  A  part  of  them  had 
eaten  and  came  out,  when  the  picket  in  the  rear  was  fired  on  and 
driven  in,  a  force  of  about  two  hundred  of  Paterson's  rebel 
cavalry  following  up.  Having  my  horse  bridled,  I  led  him  to 
the  fence  and  commenced  to  throw  it  down,  the  cavalry  mean 
while  firing  into  us  at  short  range,  and  when  I  attempted  to 
mount  I  found  my  stirrup  had  been  shot  away.  I  started  to 
go  to  the  opposite  side,  and  the  next  volley  killed  my  horse 
and  I  received  three  shots  in  my  right  leg,  but  which  did  not 
quite  disable  me.  I  ran  on  as  best  I  could  into  a  cornfield 
near  by  and  succeded  in  eluding  the  cavalry.  That  night  I 
wandered  through  woods  and  fields  until  about  four  o'clock 
A.  M.  I  was  so  weak  and  tired  that  I  concluded  to  lay  down 
and  rest  myself.  I  soon  fell  asleep,  and  when  I  woke  up  the 
sun  was  high  in  the  heavens.  I  arose  and  started  in  what  I 
thought  was  the  right  direction  for  Decatur,  keeping  within 
the  shelter  of  the  woods  as  much  as  possible.  Becoming  very 
thirsty,  I  endeavored  to  find  water  without  going  near  any 
house  and  finally  came  to  the  bed  of  a  creek,  but  no  signs  of 
water  anywhere.  I  followed  the  dry  bed  and  much  to  my  joy 
I  found  a  "muskrat  hole,"  at  the  bottom  of  which  I  saw  water. 
Having  nothing  to  dip  it  up,  I  tried  to  find  a  hollow  weed. 
Failing  in  this,  I  took  off  my  boot,  sank  it  in  the  hole  and  drew 
out  an  abundance  of  the  precious  fluid.  After  satisfying  niy 
thirst,  I  slowly  moved  on,  and  when  night  came  I  laid  down 
by  a  tree  and  slept  until  morning.  Not  having  a  mouthful  to 
eat  during  this  time,  I  was  very  wreak  and  my  pace  was  neces 
sarily  slow  and  painful.  I  traveled  all  day  and  some  time  after 
dark  I  came  to  a  barn  and  crept  into  the  yard  to  a  pump  and 
drank  my  fill  out  of  the  watering-trough.  Dogs  at  the  house 
near  by  commenced  to  bark  furiously.  I  turned  quickly  back 
into  the  woods  again  and  shortly  afterwards  I  wandered  into 
a  dense  prickly  ash  thicket,  and  after  lengthy  effort  succeded 
in  working  my  way  through.  My  wounds,  not  having  any  care, 
began  to  get  very  painful  and  my  limb  greatly  swollen,  making 


it  almost  impossible  to  proceed,  but  I  toiled  slowly  along.  In 
the  afternoon  of  this  day  I  met  a  colored  man  going  to  mill 
with  a  sack  of  corn  on  his  back.  Upon  questioning  him,  I  was 
informed  that  I  was  then  about  ten  miles  from  Decatur.  He 
directed  me  the  way  I  should  go  and  cautioned  me  to  keep  away 
from  the  public  roads,  as  the  country  was  full  of  rebel  cavalry 
and  I  was  liable  to  be  picked  up  any  moment  I  followed  in 
the  direction  given  me  until  night,  when  I  again  sought  the 
shelter  of  the  forest  and  rested  as  best  I  could  until  morning, 
when  I  again  resumed  my  painful  march.  I  had  not  proceeded 
very  far  until  I  came  to  an  open  space  on  my  side  of  the  road, 
which  I  dared  not  cross  in  daylight.  I  attempted  to  go  across 
the  road  and  into  the  woods  on  the  opposite  side  and  had  almost 
succeded  in  gaining  its  shelter,  when  I  chanced  to  look  to  my 
left  and  saw  a  "bushwhacker"  within  about  forty  paces  from 
me.  He  was  in  the  act  of  taking  deliberate  aim,  but  before 
he  could  fire  I  succeeded  in  gaining  shelter.  I  was  almost 
exhausted  and  unable  to  get  aw^ay.  I  prepared  to  defend  myself, 
as  I  still  retained  my  carbine  and  revolver.  He  kept  cautiously 
advancing  and  watching  for  me,  and  when  he  came  within  a 
short  distance  from  where  I  stood  I  raised  my  carbine  and,  tak 
ing  a  quick  aim,  I  fired  and  he  fell.  I  was  afterwards  told  by 
my  captors  I  had  shot  him  squarely  through  the  breast,  killing 
him  instantly.  I  got  away  from  there  as  fast  as  I  possibly 
could  in  my  weak  condition.  I  finally  became  so  thoroughly 
exhausted  and,  coming  to  a  cane-brake,  I  slowly  made  my  way 
into  it  and  dropped  down,  overcome  with  fatigue.  I  did  not 
lay  long  until  I  heard  the  voices  of  someone  at  the  edge  of  the 
brake,  and  by  the  conversation  I  overheard  I  found  I  was  the 
object  of  their  search.  At  times  they  were  very  close  to  where 
I  lay,  but  fortunately  they  left  without  discovering  my  hiding- 
place.  In  their  tramp  on  the  outskirts  of  the  brake  they  dis 
turbed  an  immense  rattlesnake,  which  came  gliding  along  a  little 
gully  in  which  I  lay.  It  came  slowly  towards  me  and  I  dared 
not  move.  It  crawled  across  my  w^ounded  limb,and  to  my  great 
relief  it  disappeared  beyond.  Late  in  the  night  I  made  my 
way  out  of  my  hiding-place  and  started  on,  and  in  the  morning, 
just  as  daylight  appeared,  I  attempted  to  cross  the  road  again, 
w^hen  a  squad  of  twelve  rebel  cavalrymen  came  onto  me  and 
demanded  my  surrender  in  the  usual  terms,  which  all  old  vet 
erans  know.  Before  complying,  I  managed  to  let  my  carbine 
drop  by  a  log  where  I  stood  and  pushed  it  under  with  my  foot, 
and  they  failed  to  get  it.  I  was  taken  by  them  to  Summerville, 
where  I  received  the  first  treatment  after  being  wounded.  Dur 
ing  my  wanderings  through  the  woods  I  often  lost  my  bearings 
and  made  very  slow  progress,  in  fact  going  at  times  in  an  almost 
opposite  direction.  An  old  citizen  doctor  dressed  my  wounds, 
after  which  the  question  arose  what  to  do  with  me.  After  a 


—344— 

lengthy  parley,  they  finally  decided  to  take  me  to  General  Pater- 
son's  headquarters.  They  pressed  the  old  doctor's  horse  into 
service,  and  searching  around,  they  found  an  old  side-saddle, 
which  was  placed  on  the  horse  and  I  was  helped  to  mount,  and 
another  painful  march  began.  We  traveled  about  twenty  miles, 
stopping  that  night  on  top  of  a  mountain  at  an  old  cabin,  where 
I  received  the  best  attention,  being  put  into  a  good  bed,  the  first 
I  had  enjoyed  for  many  months.  After  a  good  night's  rest  we 
resumed  our  march  and  arrived  at  Paterson's  camp  that  evening. 
My  wound  was  very  painful  by  this  time,  being  irritated  from 
the  long  ride.  The  General  treated  me  very  nicely  and  told  me, 
after  I  had  something  to  eat,  to  lay  down  and  get  a  good  rest, 
and  he  would  parole  me  the  next  morning.  But  on  account 
of  the  proposed  raid  on  our  camp  at  Courtland,  Ala.,  by  his 
command,  he  refused  the  next  morning  to  give  the  parole,  but 
notified  me  that  I  would  be  sent  to  Tupello,  Miss.,  a  distance 
of  probably  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  miles.  You  may  rest 
assured  this  was  very  unwelcome  news  to  me,  but  I  had  to 
undergo  the  ordeal.  Here  I  met  an  old  comrade  of  my  company, 
Casper  Miller,  who  had  also  been  captured  at  the  time  I  was, 
but  I  was  not  aware  of  it  until  I  met  him.  We  started  after 
breakfast,  the  four  guards  and  myself  being  mounted,  but  Com 
rade  Miller  had  to  march  on  foot. 

An  amusing  incident  occurred  on  this  trip.  Miller  cut  a 
good,  stout  stick  for  a  cane  to  aid  him  in  walking,  and  one  even 
ing,  as  we  were  about  to  encamp  for  the  night,  Miller,  who  was 
an  expert  in  the  use  of  the  saber,  having  served  seven  years  in 
the  Prussian  Cavalry,  made  a  few  cuts  and  parries  with  his 
stick.  One  of  the  guards  noticing  it,  requested  him  to  give  him 
a  lesson  in  saber  exercise.  The  old  veteran  gleefully  con 
sented,  —  the  rebel  using  his  saber  and  he  the  stick.  After 
playing  with  him  a  short  time,  he  brought  his  cane  dowTn  with 
a  mighty  sweep  and  across  the  rear  of  Mr.  Johnnie  reb  and 
fairly  raised  him  off  his  feet.  He  was  inclined  to  get  angry, 
but  finally  put  up  his  saber  and  said  he  thought  that  would  do. 

The  next  morning  we  resumed  our  march  and  after  a  few 
days'  travel  reached  our  destination  completely  tired  out.  We 
were  placed  in  an  old  frame  building,  used  as  a  guard-house. 
The  next  morning,  looking  out  of  the  windowr,  I  saw  Captain 
Eggleston,  of  Company  E  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry,  walking 
across  the  camp.  Of  course  I  could  not  talk  to  him,  but  during 
the  day,  having  learned  of  our  presence,  he  came  to  our  prison 
and  told  us  how  they  had  been  surprised  and  captured  at  Court- 
land,  Ala. 

WTe  remained  at  this  place  about  two  weeks,  and  while 
here  I  saw  General  Bragg's  entire  army  on  review,  preparatory 
to  his  invasion  of  Kentucky.  This  was  a  very  inspiring  sight 
and  I  will  always  remember  it. 


—345— 

After  the  rebel  army  left  Tupello,  we  were  put  on  cars 
and  taken  to  Columbus,  Miss.,  and  the  next  day  to  Mobile,  Ala. 
We  remained  here  one  day  and  one  night,  and  were  then  taken 
back  to  Jackson,  Miss.  Here  we  remained  about  six  weeks, 
encamped  on  the  common  below  the  town.  Here  I  witnessed 
the  horrible  treatment  of  one  of  our  prisoners  who  was  sick 
with  typhoid  fever.  We  were  required  to  answer  the  roll-call 
three  times  a  day,  and  on  this  morning,  when  we  were  ordered 
out  for  roll-call  this  comrade  was  too  sick  to  respond,  and  when 
his  name  was  called  one  of  his  comrades  answered  that  he 
was  sick  and  unable  to  come  out.  He  was  then  lying  in  the 
little  shelter  his  comrades  had  constructed  for  him.  The  rebel 
officer  in  charge  became  very  angry  and  ordered  a  Sergeant 
and  two  guards  to  go  and  bring  that  -  — ,  you  can  readily 

guess  the  meaning,  out;  he  would  show  him  whether  or  not 
he  was  too  sick  to  attend  roll-call.  The  guard  pulled  him  out 
by  the  legs  and  pushed  and  kicked  him  into  line,  and  when 
they  let  go  of  him  he  sank  to  the  ground.  They  then  took  him 
outside  of  the  guard  line  and  sat  him  in  the  burning  hot  sun 
from  seven  o'clock  in  the  morning  until  sundown,  without  any 
food  or  water.  He  died  that  night  about  ten  o'clock. 

While  at  this  place  we  were  very  poorly  fed,  our  rations 
consisting  of  one  pint  of  cornmeal,  with  cob  ground  in,  and 
about  two  ounces  of  spoiled  meat.  No  salt  was  issued  to  us. 
One  morning  General  Tiglman,  of  Fort  Henry  fame,  came  and 
took  command  of  the  Federal  prisoners  in  the  state  of  Missis 
sippi.  He  came  to  our  camp  and  talked  very  nice  to  us  and  sent 
us  much  better  rations,  but  we  stayed  here  only  a  few  days 
after  that.  One  morning  we  were  ordered  to  get  ready  to  march. 
We  got  ready  in  short  order  and  were  marched  to  the  railroad 
station  and  placed  on  board  of  a  freight  train  and  informed  we 
were  going  to  Vicksburg  for  exchange,  where  we  arrived  that 
evening  and  placed  in  charge  of  a  rebel  guard.  About  two 
o'clock  P.  M.  next  day  we  were  marched  to  the  river  and  onto 
a  small  steamer  and  taken  up  the  river  to  the  mouth  of  the 
Yazoo,  where  two  of  our  gunboats  lay.  We  were  put  aboard 
of  them  and  the  little  steamer  returned.  We  remained  at  this 
place  during  the  night  and  next  morning  steamed  up  the  stream, 
We  soon  met  a  fleet  of  boats  with  sixteen  thousand  rebel  pris 
oners  from  Camp  Chase  and  other  Northern  prisons.  We  were 
ordered  back  and  accompanied  them  to  Vicksburg,  where  the 
rebel  prisoners  were  disembarked,  and  wre  took  another  start 
for  the  North.  After  several  days  we  arrived  at  Cairo,  111., 
where  I  secured  transportation  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  where  I  found 
my  regiment  in  camp  greatly  reduced  in  numbers.  My  wounds 
not  being  healed,  I  was  unfit  for  duty,  but  went  with  the  regi 
ment  as  far  as  Bardstown,  Ky.,  where  I  was  sent  to  the  hospital 


—346 

for  treatment  and  to  aid  in  caring  for  the  wounded  until  able 
for  duty. 

GEORGE    W.    SPIELMAN, 

Late  Saddler  Sergeant  Company  I,  First  Regiment 
Ohio  Veteran  Volunteer  Cavalry. 

Taken  Prisoner  at  Courtland,  Ala. 

I  was  taken  prisoner  July  25,  1862,  at  Courtland,  Alabama, 
and  I  always  celebrate  this  anniversary  as  the  day  of  deliver 
ance,  as  I  had  a  hair-breadth  escape  from  instant  death.  In 
fact  my  hair  did  not  escape,  as  a  minnie  ball  went  through 
my  hat,  cutting  the  cross  sabers  on  the  front  of  the  hat  in  two, 
and  making  a  hole  through  the  hat  crown  six  inches  long,  and 
cutting  the  hair  from  my  head  down  to  the  scalp,  so  that  I  pulled 
out  a  handful  of  hair  from  niy  head. 

After  the  evacuation  of  Corinth,  Miss.,  on  the  night  of  May 
28, 1862,  General  BuelPs  army  was  scattered  along  the  Memphis 
and  Charleston  Railroad  from  Corinth  east  to  Huntsville,  Ala. 
My  company,  K,  and  Company  E  of  the  same  regiment,  First 
Ohio  Cavalry,  and  two  companies  of  the  Tenth  Kentucky  In 
fantry,  were  stationed  at  Courtland,  Ala.,  guarding  a  railroad 
bridge. 

Courtland  was  a  beautiful  town,  situated  about  midway 
between  Tuscumbia  and  Decatur,  Ala.,  about  twenty-five  miles 
from  each,  on  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  Railroad.  It  was 
a  lazy  little  town  of  fifteen  hundred  to  two  thousand  inhabitants, 
noted  for  the  beautiful  shade  trees  that  lined  the  streets,  and 
pretty  Southern  girls,  who  would  insist  on  making  mashes  on 
the  dashing  cavalry  boys,  in  defiance  of  their  protests  that  they 
must  continue  true  and  loyal  to  the  "Girl  they  left  behind  them" 
among  the  hills  and  valleys  of  the  bonnie  Buckeye  state.  We 
had  been  stationed  here  from  about  the  first  of  July.  Our  camp 
being  in  a  beautiful  grove,  along  a  creek  and  distant  about  half 
a  mile  from  town,  and  the  camp  was  supplied  with  water  from 
several  fine  springs,  within  a  stone's  throw  of  headquarters. 
The  duty  of  the  detachment  was  guarding  the  railroad  bridges 
and  pickets  were  thrown  out  on  all  of  the  roads,  about  a  mile 
from  camp,  to  guard  against  a  surprise  from  the  enemy's  cavalry, 
who  were  making  frequent  dashes  against  these  small  detach 
ments. 

Compared  with  the  campaign  of  the  siege  of  Corinth,  dur 
ing  the  months  of  April  and  May,  this  was  considered  a  soft 
snap,  as  rations  were  of  the  best  and  duty  light.  Our  camp 
was  on  the  plantation  of  an  old  fellow  by  the  name  of  Bynam, 
who  professed  to  be  intensely  loyal  to  the  old  flag,  and  his 
cornfield  along  one  side  of  our  camp,  just  in  good  roasting  ears, 
was  carefully  guarded,  and  a  soldier  that  even  plucked  one  ear 


—347— 

had  the  guard-house  staring  him  in  the  face  and  visions  of  extra 
duty  —  policing  the  quarters  with  a  pine-brush  broom.  This 
was  in  the  early  days  of  the  war,  before  the  emancipation  procla 
mation,  and  before  any  property  had  been  confiscated;  but  we 
got  bravely  over  such  fastidious  ideas  before  another  year  rolled 
around,  and  learned,  as  Sherman  said,  "that  war  was  cruelty 
and  we  could  not  refine  it,"  and  required  as  well  the  destruc 
tion  of  the  sinews  of  war  as  the  destruction  of  life. 

A  detachment  of  cavalry  and  infantry  was  stationed  at 
Town  Creek,  about  ten  miles  from  Courtland,  Ala.,  and  drew 
their  supplies  from  our  garrison,  and  couriers  passed  over  the 
line  every  day  carrying  dispatches. 

On  the  morning  of  July  24  a  wagon  train  was  loaded  with 
rations  and  forage  and,  under  a  mounted  escort,  started  for  the 
camp  at  Town  Creek,  and  when  about  five  miles  from  camp, 
hearing  firing  in  advance,  the  train  was  halted  and  the  guard 
made  a  reconnoissance  to  the  front  and  found  a  dead  cavalry 
man  in  the  road,  who  proved  to  be  B.  F.  Lucas,  of  Company  K, 
First  O.  Y.  C.,  a  courier.  Lucas  and  another  soldier  were  to 
gether,  and  in  passing  through  a  dense  wood,  a  regiment  of 
rebel  cavalry  was  lying  in  ambush,  waiting  for  the  wagon  train, 
which  they  intended  capturing.  When  the  couriers  had  passed 
through  the  lines,  they  were  halted  and  ordered  to  surrender; 
but  Lucas  stuck  the  spurs  into  his  horse  and  undertook  to  run 
the  gaunlet  lined  on  either  side  of  the  road  with  hundreds  of 
armed  rebels,  and  fell  from  his  horse,  pierced  with  a  half  dozen 
balls.  His  comrade  surrendered  and  was  paroled  and  returned 
to  camp  next  day,  and  gave  the  particulars  of  the  capture  and 
death  of  Lucas. 

The  rebels,  knowing  that  the  firing  would  arouse  the  camp 
and  that  we  would  be  after  them  in  hot  haste,  mounted  their 
horses  and  w^ere  off  on  the  gallop,  as  it  was  not  their  intention 
to  fight,  but  only  to  make  a  raid  and  capture  the  wagon  train. 

The  soldier  that  had  been  captured  and  paroled  reported 
that  a  force  of  rebel  cavalry  was  concentrating  on  the  Tupelo 
road,  a  few  miles  south  toward  Bragg's  headquarters,  for  the 
purpose  of  making  raids  on  the  railroads,  and  on  the  strength 
of  this  report  the  pickets  were  doubled  and  ordered  to  be  on 
the  lookout  and  report  at  once  if  any  reconnoitering  parties 
of  the  enemy  were  observed. 

On  the  morning  of  July  25,  after  guard  mount,  the  weather 
being  very  warm,  the  men  were  scattered  over  the  camp,  taking 
it  quiet  and  easy  and  many  of  them  sitting  in  the  shade  in  front 
of  their  tents,  or  on  the  piles  of  forage  sacks,  having  a  game 
of  old  sledge  or  poker  with  a  ten  cent  ante,  while  others  were 
writing  letters  to  the  clear  ones  at  home,  or  to  their  best  girls, 
which  was  more  often  the  case,  little  dreaming  that  the  enemy 


348— 

in  large  force  was  rapidly  marching  and  preparing  to  pounce 
down  upon  our  little  handful  of  men  like  a  hurricane. 

Lieutenant  James  Cutler,  being  a  physician,  had  charge 
of  the  sick  of  the  post  and  had  established  a  temporary  hospital 
over  in  the  town  in  a  brick  church,  and  he  was  making  his  usual 
morning  visit  to  the  sick,  and  I,  being  next  in  rank,  had  com 
mand  of  the  company.  Just  as  I  had  settled  down  on  my  cot  for 
a  little  rest,  as  I  was  sick  with  malaria  and  camp  fever,  Captain 
Eggleston,  commanding  Company  E,  came  running  to  my  tent 
in  his  shirt  sleeves  and  bare  head  and  shouted  to  me  that  the 
rebels  were  advancing  upon  our  camp.  I  called  to  the  bugler 
to  sound  "boots  and  saddles'7  and  ran  down  through  the  quar 
ters,  directing  the  men  to  saddle  their  horses  and  mount  as 
rapidly  as  possible. 

Looking  across  the  camp  and  toward  old  Bynam's  house, 
I  saw  a  cloud  of  dust  raising  and  in  five  minutes'  time  the 
advance  of  the  rebel  column  came  down  the  road,  wTithin  three 
hundred  yards  of  our  camp,  and  gave  the  rebel  yell  that  would 
have  raised  the  hair  on  the  head  of  a  Comauche  Indian. 

I  had  loaned  my  horse  Billy  that  morning  to  Sergeant 
Chapin  to  go  out  on  picket,  and  I  made  up  my  mind  with  but 
little  deliberation  and  in  a  moment's  time  that  I  was  in  for 
it  and  would  be  taken  prisoner  right  in  the  camp;  but  after 
the  company  had  all  saddled  and  were  in  line,  I  saw  one  horse 
still  at  the  picket  rope,  that  I  knew  belonged  to  William  John 
son,  who  had  gone  into  town  to  shoe  horses,  and  I  ran  down 
to  the  line,  saddled  and  bridled  this  horse,  and  by  this  time  the 
rebels  were  in  camp,  banging  awTay  in  a  very  careless  manner. 

Just  as  I  had  buckled  on  my  saber  and  revolver,  Lieutenant 
Cutler  came  dashing  into  camp  from  town,  and  I  ran  into  his 
tent,  got  his  belt  and  saber  and  handed  it  to  him  and  mounted. 
By  this  time  the  rebels  were  right  upon  us  and  we  were  the 
only  two  left,  and  the  enemy  had  cut  us  off  from  our  command, 
which  was  forming  with  the  infantry  behind  the  railroad 
embankment. 

"Halt!  halt!  you  d d  Yankees,"  they  shouted;    but  we 

halted  not  and  "stood  not  upon  the  manner  of  our  going,"  but 
stuck  the  spurs  into  our  horses  and  dashed  across  the  creek, 
intending  to  join  the  command  near  the  railroad  bridge. 

A  high  railroad  embankment  lay  between  the  camp  and 
town,  and  two  other  soldiers  who  had  been  cut  off  from  the  com 
mand,  having  joined  us  at  the  ford,  I  suggested  that  we  recon- 
noiter  toward  town  to  see  if  we  were  surrounded  and  then  report 
to  the  commanding  officer.  Spurring  our  horses  over  the  em 
bankment  we  run  right  into  a  regiment  of  rebels  galloping  along 
the  street  close  to  the  embankments  and  hidden  from  view,  and 
we  w^ere  prisoners  in  less  time  than  it  takes  to  tell  the  story. 

We  were  run  off  to  the  side  of  the  street  on  the  pavement 


—349— 

and  surrendered  our  horses  and  arms  as  gracefully  as  could  be 
expected  under  the  excitement  and  confusion,  as  the  advance 
had  fired  a  volley  when  they  first  hailed  us  and  the  balls  whizzed 
uncomfortably  near  our  heads.  After  we  had  surrendered,  a 
guard  was  put  over  us  and  Ave  were  watching  the  rebel  cavalry 
as  they  charged  down  the  street  in  platoons.  It  was  a  very  pretty 
sight  from  the  pavement.  Just  at  this  moment  a  rebel  soldier 
wheeled  his  horse  out  of  the  ranks  not  more  than  three  rods 
from  us,  raised  his  carbine  and  banged  away  at  us  three  pris 
oners  and  fired  three  shots  in  quick  succession  as  we  stood  quietly 
looking  him  in  the  face,  expecting  each  shot  to  kill  one  of  us. 

As  before  stated,  the  third  shot  went  through  my  hat  and 
stunned  and  blinded  me  for  a  moment,  and  I  reeled  and  grasped 
the  fence  for  support.  I  was  so  dazed  that  I  was  confident  that 
I  was  shot,  and  putting  my  head  down  toward  one  of  the  boys, 
I  asked  him  where  I  was  wounded,  and  taking  off  my  hat  and 
seeing  that  there  was  a  bullet  hole  in  front  and  that  there  was 
a  hole  in  the  crown  at  least  six  inches  long,  I  became  more  and 
more  impressed  with  the  belief  that  the  ball  had  gone  through 
my  head.  Of  course  it  was  preposterous  to  even  imagine  that 
a  ball  could  go  through  the  head  without  causing  instant  death ; 
but  in  my  dazed  condition  my  reasoning  faculties  were  rather 
"knocked  out  of  working  order." 

I  put  my  hand  upon  the  top  of  my  head  and  pulled  out 
a  handful  of  hair  and  wool  from  my  hat  ground  as  fine  as  powder, 
and  kept  on  pulling  out  the  loose  hair  and  feeling  the  top  of  my 
head  and  looking  at  my  fingers  to  see  if  I  could  discover  any 
blood,  and  continued  this  for  a  moment  or  two  until  I  recovered 
from  the  shock,  before  I  was  convinced  that  I  was  not  wounded. 

It  was  a  hair-breadth  escape,  and  had  the  ball  struck  an 
eighth  of  an  inch  lower  it  would  have  blown  the  whole  top  of 
my  head  off  and  I  would  have  been  killed  so  suddenly  that  I 
would  not  have  known  what  hurt  me.  I  have  often  been  asked 
the  question,  when  persons  would  examine  this  hat,  if  I  was 
not  badly  frightened  and  what  my  sensations  were. 

I  was  not  frightened  during  the  time  the  rebel  was  firing 
the  shots  and  did  not  attempt  to  dodge  down  or  run,  but  stood 
still  and  looked  at  him  very  intently  as  he  pulled  the  trigger  of 
his  carbine,  but  fully  convinced  that  he  would  kill  all  three 
of  us.  I  thought  very  fast  and  wished  that  we  had  our  navy 
revolvers  again  that  we  had  surrendered  a  few  minutes  before, 
and  we  would  have  fought  it  out  as  long  as  we  had  a  load  in 
our  revolvers. 

After  it  was  over  I  felt  weak  and  nervous,  but  at  the  time 
T  was  as  cool  as  I  ever  was  under  fire,  and  I  think  I  can  safely 
say  that  I  was  under  fire  a  hundred  times  during  my  service, 
but  this  was  the  "closest  call'7  I  ever  had. 

The  fellow  made  such  an  impression  on  me  as  he  sat  on 


—350— 

his  sorrel  Texas  pony  in  his  shirt  sleeves,  with  brown  beard 
and  long  yellow  hair,  and  a  broad-brimnied,  brown-colored  slouch 
hat  on  his  head,  that  I  have  never  forgotten  his  face,  and  think 
I  would  know  him  to-day  if  I  should  meet  him,  if  he  looked  as 
lie  did  then,  although  our  meeting  thirty-six  years  ago  was 
very  brief  and  rather  abrupt.  He  was  so  near  to  me  and  the 
heavy  report  of  his  carbine,  the  flash  and  the  ball  all  combined, 
knocked  me  blind  and  I  was  bewildered  for  a  moment  and  there 
was  a  stinging  sensation,  but  different  from  a  blow,  and  my 
hand  seemed  to  fly  out  from  niy  body  in  a  kind  of  tremor,  and 
after  I  had  recovered  there  was  a  prickling  sensation  all  over 
my  head  for  some  minutes. 

Until  this  day,  if  I  hear  the  report  of  a  musket  near  at  hand, 
I  imagine  that  I  can  feel  that  ball  passing  through  my  hat  and 
hair  in  exactly  the  same  direction  that  that  ball  plowed  a  track 
so  near  my  skull  the  day  I  was  captured. 

I  have  heard  the  balls  "zip"  rather  near  for  comfort  many 
times,  and  I  remember  one  instance  particularly  when  we  made 
a  dash  on  a  reserve  picket  at  night  and  had  a  pretty  sharp 
skirmish,  and  a  ball  seemed  to  come  so  near  the  side  of  my 
head  that  it  brushed  my  hair  and  made  my  ear  sing,  but  it  did 
not  come  with  such  force  and  such  a  jar. 

I  have  only  attempted  to  describe  the  sensations  minutely 
for  the  reason  that  many  persons  have  asked  me  what  my  sensa 
tions  were  and  whether  I  was  frightened,  etc.,  at  the  time,  and 
I  have  simply  related  the  facts  so  indelibly  impressed  at  the 
time.  No  doubt  there  are  thousands  of  other  similar  incidents 
that  happened  during  the  war,  and  only  relate  this  as  one  in 
which  it  was  my  fortune  to  play  a  part  as  principal  actor. 

The  rebel  cavalry  was  still  charging  along  the  street,  and 
there  sat  that  long,  yellow-haired  cuss  on  his  sorrel  pony,  with 
murder  in  his  eye  and  his  carbine  thrown  across  the  pommel  of 
his  saddle,  as  if  taking  a  rest  before  commencing  another  fusil 
lade  on  three  dangerous,  unarmed  Yankee  prisoners.  Just  at  this 
moment  a  rebel  officer  was  galloping  slowly  along  near  the 
pavement,  reining  his  horse  in,  as  if  to  close  up  his  company. 
T  appealed  to  him,  stating  that  we  were  prisoners,  that  we  had 
surrendered  our  arms  and  that  we  were  entitled  to  protection, 
and,  pointing  to  the  long-haired  sinner  still  sitting  on  his  sorrel 
pony,  informed  the  officer  that  he  had  been  practicing  on  us 
at  short  range  and  in  my  opinion  was  getting  ready  for  another 
engagement.  This  officer  ordered  the  fellow  to  join  his  com 
mand,  much  to  our  relief,  and  then  ordered  the  guard  to  start 
us  to  the  rear  on  double-quick.  At  this  time  the  pavements 
were  lined  with  women  and  children  and  the  few  men  that 
were  left  at  home,  and  they  had  been  seized  with  the  general 
enthusiasm  of  the  occasion,  and  while  the  soldiers  were  giving 
the  genuine  rebel  yell  as  they  swept  up  the  street  at  a  long 


—351— 

gallop,  the  women  and  children  cheered  them  on  with  "Hurrah 
for  Jeff.  Davis!"  "Give  it  to  the  Yanks/'  and  such  like  patriotic 
exclamations.  Now  the  "fight  was  on"  and  the  balls  from  our 
own  command,  stationed  behind  the  railroad  embankment,  be 
gan  to  come  over,  rattling  against  the  houses  and  fences  and 
knocking  up  the  dust  in  the  streets  like  big  drops  of  rain.  While 
it  was  not  a  very  comfortable  situation  for  us  to  be  placed  in  - 
between  two  fires  —  still  it  was  amusing  to  see  how  quickly 
the  citizens  scattered  and  vanished  into  their  houses,  and  in 
a  few  minutes  we  had  the  streets  all  to  ourselves. 

The  guards  hurried  us  along  on  the  double-quick,  for  they 
seemed  as  anxious  to  get  out  of  the  range  of  the  flying  bullets 
as  we  were.  When  we  reached  the  eastern  outskirts  of  the  town 
along  the  railroad,  a  brief  halt  was  made  to  allow  us  to  catch 
our  breath.  By  this  time  I  was  about  "laid  out,"  as  I  was  sick 
and  very  weak,  not  having  been  on  my  horse  for  duty  for  three 
or  four  weeks.  I  said  to  the  guard,  that  if  he  wished  to  take 
me  very  far,  he  would  have  to  furnish  me  a  way  to  ride,  as  he 
could  see  that  I  was  sick  and  could  not  march  at  such  a  gait 
as  they  were  rushing  us  along  at,  and  in  fact  I  was  not  in  good 
light  marching  order,  as  I  had  on  a  pair  of  high  cavalry  boots 
that  came  above  my  knees,  writh  a  pair  of  spurs,  and  being  a 
cavalryman,  we  had  been  drilled  to  believe  that  it  was  very 
humiliating  for  a  trooper  to  be  compelled  to  march  on  foot. 

The  guard  that  was  looking  after  my  welfare  was  of  the 
same  opinion,  and  as  there  were  several  riderless  horses  running 
loose  on  the  common,  the  riders  having  been  killed  or  wounded, 
or  in  some  manner  thrown  from  their  horses,  the  guard  caught 
a  fine  gray,  which  he  directed  me  to  mount  in  "one  time  and  two 
motions."  Not  waiting  for  a  second  invitation,  I  mounted  in 
hot  haste.  He  proved  to  be  an  officer's  horse,  well  equipped,  with 
two  revolvers  in  the  holsters  fully  loaded,  and  my  first  thoughts 
were  that  if  we  had  found  those  revolvers  a  few  minutes  sooner, 
we  would  have  made  it  lively  for  our  long-haired  friend  on  the 
sorrel  pony. 

By  this  time  many  stragglers  were  galloping  to  the  rear 
to  get  out  of  danger,  which  is  a  very  usual  occurrence  during 
a  fight,  and  a  person  to  be  in  the  rear  of  a  battle  line  and  see 
the  cowards  retreating  and  the  confusion  and  demoralization 
would  imagine  that  the  whole  army  was  retreating;  but  when 
you  arrive  at  the  front  you  find  that  the  line  is  steady  and  every 
thing  well  in  hand,  and  the  fighting  soldiers  are  under  as  com 
plete  control  as  if  on  battalion  drill. 

The  guard  took  the  rein  of  my  horse  and  we  started  back 
with  the  general  rabble,  across  cornfields  and  meadows,  off  to 
the  south  toward  a  range  of  steep  and  rugged  hills  and  into  the 
forest.  After  going  pell-mell  for  perhaps  a  distance  of  two 
miles,  we  halted  on  a  by-road  and  we  could  still  hear  a  few 


—352— 

scattering  shots  off  toward  our  canip.  As  we  sat  on  our  horses, 
there  now  being  five  of  us  prisoners,  with  perhaps  a  hundred 
guards,  a  big  rebel  Sergeant  rode  up  to  our  group  and,  taking 
a  look  at  the  horse  I  was  riding,  he  then  asked  me  wThere  I 
got  that  horse,  and  I  informed  him  that  the  guard  had  caught 
him  for  me.  He  then  took  out  a  big  navy  revolver,  and  riding 
up  close  to  my  side,  said:  "That  is  my  brother's  horse,  and  if 
he  is  killed,  that  is  wThat  you  will  get,"  and  he  placed  the  muzzle 
of  the  revolver  against  my  head  just  back  of  my  ear.  I  then 
thought  we  were  in  for  it,  as  he  Avas  a  long-haired,  devilish- 
looking  fellow;  but  I  think  if  he  had  made  the  attempt  the 
guard  that  had  me  in  charge  would  have  interfered,  as  he  was 
a  fine,  manly-looking  young  soldier  and  wTas  very  kind  to  me 
afterwards  and  during  the  few  days  he  was  with  us,  and  when 
he  could  get  anything  to  eat  he  divided  it  with  me,  if  I  could 
eat  anything.  The  rebel  cavalry  depended  almost  entirely  in 
foraging  off  the  country  as  they  passed  along,  and  we  passed 
through  several  small  towns  and  the  citizens  turned  out  en  masse 
to  see  the  "Yanks"  and  fed  the  rebels  on  the  best  they  had, 
which  usually  consisted  of  corn-bread  and  fat  pork. 

The  women  were  abusive  to  us  and  used  the  vilest  epithets, 
the  more  mild  terms  being  "nigger  soldiers"  and  "thieving 
Yanks,"  and  never  would  give  us  anything  to  eat,  and  the  John 
nies  told  them  some  great  war  stories,  how  they  had  "licked 
you'uns"  and  our  boys  would  laugh  it  off  and  try  to  enjoy  the 
situation. 

After  our  little  episode  wTith  the  big  Sergeant,  who  was 
anxious  to  distinguish  himself  by  blowing  the  heads  off  of  a 
few  unarmed  prisoners,  instead  of  being  up  at  the  front  of  Ids 
command,  we  started  on  a  by-road  through  the  woods  and  hills, 
and  after  traveling  two  or  three  miles  came  out  on  the  Tupelo 
road  leading  to  Bragg's  headquarters.  After  waiting  here  a 
short  time,  the  balance  of  the  prisoners  were  brought  up,  and 
there  were  now  one  hundred  and  thirty-four  of  us.  We  were 
then  put  under  a  regular  guard,  commanded  by  Major  Smith, 
of  Missouri,  who  proved  to  be  a  gentleman  and  a  good  soldier, 
and  the  prisoners  were  then  protected  from  insult.  We  learned 
that  the  big  Sergeant's  brother,  who  was  a  Lieutenant,  had 
been  killed  in  the  early  part  of  the  fight,  and  had  the  Sergeant 
known  this  at  the  time  he  found  me  on  his  brother's  horse, 
I  have  no  doubt  but  he  would  have  executed  his  threat  and 
have  killed  all  of  us  on  the  spot,  but  it  wTas  too  late  wrhen  we 
were  put  under  a  regular  guard. 

The  command  that  had  attacked  us  was  General  Arm 
strong's  brigade  of  cavalry,  consisting  of  about  seventeen  hun 
dred  men,  and  including  Colonel  Roddy's  regiment  that  had 
been  recruited  in  Northern  Alabama,  in  and  around  Courtland, 
Tuscumbia  and  Decatur. 


—353— 

General  Armstrong  was  an  officer  of  the  old  army  and  a 
fine-looking  soldier,  and  became  quite  a  noted  cavalry  leader 
during  the  war. 

The  rebel  commander  attacked  our  camp  on  three  sides 
simultaneously,  and  he  had  been  piloted  through  woods  and 
mountains  on  by-roads  by  citizens  of  the  vicinity,  who  knew 
every  cow-path  in  the  country,  and  knew  the  position  of  every 
picket,  as  they  passed  in  and  out  of  camp  at  will.  They  had 
reached  a  position  near  our  camp  before  daybreak,  and  when 
the  picket  guard  was  relieved  in  the  morning  they  were  in  plain 
view  of  the  rebel  advance,  concealed  in  the  woods,  and  the  rebels 
then  advanced  through  the  woods  and  ravines  and  passed  two 
or  three  of  the  picket  posts  unobserved  and  cut  the  pickets  off 
from  camp;  but  I  think  all  of  these  pickets  made  their  escape 
after  the  camp  was  attacked  and  they  found  themselves  cut 
off  from  the  command. 

The  total  number  of  men  in  our  command  in  the  two  com 
panies  of  infantry  and  the  two  companies  of  cavalry  was  about 
one  hundred  and  sixty  men,  and  when  they  took  position  behind 
the  railroad  embankment,  they  made  it  lively  for  the  rebel 
brigade  for  a  short  time,  and  in  the  fight  the  rebels  lost  sever* 
teen  killed  and  twenty-seven  wounded;  but  the  rebels  closed 
in  on  three  sides  and  it  seemed  useless  and  hopeless  to  prolong 
the  fight,  and  Captain  Davidson,  of  the  Tenth  Kentucky  Infantry, 
the  senior  officer,  raised  the  white  flag  and  surrendered,  and 
when  this  was  done  our  cavalry  charged  out  through  the  lines 
and  all  escaped  but  twenty-five.  Captain  B.  B.  Eggleston  and 
Lieutenant  Alkire,  of  Company  E,  and  Lieutenant  Cutler,  of 
Company  K,  First  O.  V.  C.,  were  taken  prisoners. 

The  following-named  soldiers  of  Company  K  were  taken 
prisoners:  A.  L.  Sessler,  Lewis  Latham,  Sergeant  A.  S.  Chears, 
John  Patterson,  John  Winters,  S.  P.  Clark,  John  Johnson,  Wil 
liam  Johnson  and  myself. 

The  first  day  we  marched  to  Moulton,  Ala.,  the  county  seat 
of  Lawrence  County,  a  distance  of  about  fifteen  or  twenty  miles, 
and  were  quartered  in  the  court-house,  sleeping  on  the  soft  side 
of  a  bench  in  this  magnificent  temple  of  justice.  We  lingered 
here  the  next  day  until  late  in  the  evening,  when  all  at  once 
there  was  a  great  commotion  among  the  rebels,  the  guards  rushed 
from  the  court-house,  the  bugles  sounded  "boots  and  saddles," 
drivers  commenced  harnessing  their  mules  and  orderlies  were 
galloping  through  the  streets.  We  surmised  that  something 
unusual  had  occurred  on  the  outposts,  and  it  was  soon  learned 
that  a  scouting  party  of  our  cavalry  had  attacked  their  pickets 
and  we  were  in  high  glee,  hoping  that  we  would  soon  be  within 
our  own  lines  again;  but  the  rebel  commander  did  not  propose 
to  be  so  easily  cheated  out  of  his  prize  and  he  directed  that  the 


—354— 

prisoners  be  started  south  on  the  Tupalo  road  toward  General 
Bragg's  headquarters  on  "double-quick." 

We  were  soon  formed  in  line,  fronting  toward  the  court 
house,  and  General  Armstrong  came  down  the  walk  toward  us, 
and  I  remember  what  a  fine-looking  soldier  he  was,  tall  and 
erect,  and  fine  figure,  with  a  neat-fitting  gray  uniform,  and 
as  he  reached  the  steps  at  the  sidewalk,  he  buttoned  up  his 
coat  and  adjusted  a  red  sash  around  his  waist.  Lew  Latham, 
who  was  known  as  the  most  inquisitive  soldier  in  the  First 
Ohio,  stepped  out  in  front  of  our  ranks  and,  saluting  the  Gen 
eral,  said:  "What  are  you  going  to  do  with  us  now,  General?" 
And  the  General,  looking  at  him  savagely,  answered:  "I  will 

shoot  every  d d  one  of  you  if  you  don't  keep  your  mouths 

shut."  It  is  useless  to  say  that  Lew  did  not  pursue  his  inquiries 
any  further,  but  subsided,  although  he  said  on  the  quiet  "that 
he  would  give  fifteen  hundred  dollars  to  know  what  we  were 
going  to  do  next." 

General  Armstrong  mounted  his  magnificent  horse,  that 
had  just  been  brought  up  to  him  by  his  colored  servant,  and 
galloped  off  in  the  direction  of  the  firing.  Our  officers  were 
directed  to  get  into  the  wagons  and  a  mounted  guard  wras  placed 
around  the  balance  of  us  and  we  were  hurried  off  South  on 
double-quick.  When  we  started,  about  sundown,  I  did  not  think 
that  I  would  be  able  to  march  more  than  a  mile  or  two,  as  I 
was  so  weak  from  long-continued  camp  fever.  I  crowded  np 
to  the  front  of  the  column,  as  it  is  much  easier  to  march  in  front 
than  in  rear  of  a  column,  for  the  reason  that  you  are  not  inter 
ested  by  any  of  the  halts  which  may  occur  in  all  marching  bodies 
of  soldiers,  and  the  front  regulates  the  march  at  will. 

With  several  other  sick  soldiers  I  strained  every  nerve  to 
keep  up  at  the  front,  and  when  darkness  came  on,  a  file  of  guards 
were  placed  on  either  side  of  our  column,  in  addition  to  the 
platoons  in  front  and  rear,  and  the  guards  were  ordered  by  the 
Captain  commanding  to  "draw  saber  and  cut  down  any  prisoner 
who  fell  out  under  any  pretense  whatever." 

The  horses  of  the  mounted  guard  were  kept  on  a  brisk  walk 
all  the  time  and  this  kept  us  on  about  a  half  run,  and  after 
marching  in  this  manner  from  about  5  P.  M.  until  10  P.  M. 
without  a  moment's  halt  and  without  a  drop  of  water  on  a  hot 
July  night  in  Alabama  was  enough  to  prostrate  the  strongest 
soldier.  About  this  time  we  sick  boys  began  to  fall  back,  and 
nothing  but  the  cold  steel  of  the  guard  kept  us  from  falling  in 
our  tracks,  but  we  felt  that  it  was  a  march  for  life.  As  I  stag 
gered  on  over  the  stones,  for  it  was  a  very  rough  road,  feeling 
that  I  must  soon  give  up,  I  was  fortunate  enough  to  fall  in  with 
Lew  Latham  and  John  Winters,  two  comrades  of  my  own  com 
pany,  and  they  supported  me  under  either  arm  and  fairly  dragged 
me  along  for  two  hours  more. 


—355— 

About  midnight  a  courier  came  dashing  up  from  the  rear 
with  a  message,  and  the  officer  in  command  called  a  halt.  We 
were  then  just  in  front  of  a  plantation  residence,  and  I  remember 
that  there  was  a  wagon  just  at  the  side  of  the  road,  loaded  with 
long  wood,  and  the  Captain  commanding  mounted  this  wagon 
and  made  a  speech  to  the  guard  and  stated  that  he  had  the 
pleasure  of  announcing  that  they  had  gained  a  great  victory 
at  Spangler's  Mills.  At  this  the  guard  cheered,  but  it  w^as  not 
a  very  cheerful  message  for  us  prisoners.  We  afterwards  learned 
that  it  was  a  little  skirmish  between  a  scouting  party  of  our 
soldiers  and  the  rebel  pickets,  in  which  two  or  three  men  were 
wounded. 

We  were  then  ordered  to  lay  down  on  the  chip  pile,  on 
which  we  were  standing,  and  we  did  not  need  a  second  invita 
tion,  as  we  were  completely  exhausted  and  ready  to  fall  in  our 
tracks.  Sergeant  Chears  and  myself  had  about  half  of  a  rubber 
blanket  that  one  of  us  had  picked  up,  and  finding  a  stick  of 
wood  for  a  pillow,  we  tumbled  down  on  the  ground  and  covered 
our  breasts  with  this  piece  of  rubber  blanket.  Our  clothing 
was  dripping  wet  with  perspiration  and  as  soon  as  we  halted 
we  began  to  feel  the  cihll  of  the  cold  mountain  night  air,  but 
from  sheer  exhaustion  we  slept  from  midnight  until  daybreak. 

When  I  attempted  to  get  upon  my  feet  I  could  not  do  so, 
as  my  limbs  were  so  cramped  and  chilled.  It  seemed  to  me  that 
there  was  not  a  joint  in  my  body,  and  I  had  to  rub  my  limbs 
for  some  time  before  I  succeeded  in  standing  upon  my  feet. 
Under  ordinary  circumstances  this  kind  of  treatment  and  being 
compelled  to  lie  on  the  ground  with  our  clothing  dripping  with 
perspiration  and  in  the  chilly  night  air,  without  clothing  or 
shelter  of  any  kind,  it  now  seems  would  have  caused  the  death 
of  every  one  of  us  sick  men  at  least.  We  had  been  living  on 
very  short  rations  of  hard  tack  and  a  little  fat  pork  since  we 
were  captured,  and  on  this  Sunday  morning  we  had  green  corn 
boiled,  and  eaten  without  either  salt  or  pepper,  bread,  crackers 
or  meat,  and  in  fact  all  we  had  for  three  or  four  days  was  boiled 
green  corn,  without  anything  else.  We  would  halt  at  a  plan 
tation  and  a  guard  would  direct  the  slaves  to  bring  out  some 
big  iron  wash-kettles  and  fill  them  with  water,  and  then  pull 
off  some  green  corn  and  throw  it  over  to  us,  husk  and  all.  The 
boys  would  husk  the  corn,  tramp  around  on  the  husks  and  squeal 
like  a  lot  of  pigs,  laugh  and  joke,  and  try  to  make  the  best  of 
it;  but  after  three  or  four  days  boiled  corn,  without  anything 
else  and  without  any  seasoning,  became  a  little  monotonous. 
Like  the  fellow  with  the  codfish,  we  relished  it  three  times  a 
day,  but  did  not  care  to  have  it  for  a  regular  diet. 

This  being  Sunday,  the  citizens  were  out  to  see  us  in  force 
as  we  marched  through  the  country,  and  as  our  coming  had  been 
heralded  by  the  rebel  cavalry  scouting  through  the  country, 
at  every  cross-road  we  would  find  carriages  filled  with  ladies 


—356— 

and  gentlemen,  waiting  to  get  their  first  look  at  a  live  Yankee 
prisoner.  Some  of  the  boys  would  ask  a  great  many  silly  ques 
tions  of  these  citizens  and  furnished  amusement,  not  only  to 
our  boys,  but  to  our  guard. 

A  little  fat  pork  was  issued  to  us  during  the  day,  and  as 
we  had  no  haversacks  we  had  to  carry  the  meat  in  our  hands 
or  run  a  little  stick  through  it,  and  as  the  w^eather  was  very  hot, 
the  grease  dropped  out  as  we  marched  along.  We  were  a  motley 
looking  crowd,  some  being  bare-headed,  while  others  were  in 
their  shirt  sleeves  and  bare  feet.  We  did  not  present  a  very 
soldierly  appearance,  and  no  doubt  the  citizens  thought  us  a 
genuine  lot  of  mud-sills  and  "five  to  one"  was  only  a  breakfast 
spell  for  the  chivalry. 

After  marching  a  few  days  and  before  we  reached  General 
Bragg's  headquarters  at  Tupalo,  we  were  paroled  and  permitted 
to  return  to  our  lines,  and  before  being  paroled  we  were  searched 
and  all  papers,  diaries,  etc.,  in  our  possession  were  carefully 
examined  to  see  if  there  were  any  spies  among  us,  or  to  see 
if  we  had  any  written  information  of  importance.  We  then 
signed  a  written  parole  not  to  take  up  arms  again  against  any 
of  the  Confederate  states  until  regularly  exchanged,  and  I  have 
my  parole  now,  as  I  have  it  framed  to  preserve  it. 

Our  paroles  were  signed  by  a  Colonel  Frank  Breckenridge, 
and  after  we  were  paroled  Colonel  Breckenridge  made  us  a 
speech  in  which  he  said  "we  had  fought  them  well,  and  if  we 
were  exchanged  and  returned  to  our  commands,  they  would 
fight  us  again  like  gentlemen;  but  if  we  joined  our  commands 
again  before  being  exchanged,  if  we  were  taken  prisoners  they 

would  hang  every  d d  one  of  us."  He  then  advised  us  to 

get  a  white  cloth  and  carry  it  on  a  pole,  so  as  to  keep  any  scout 
ing  parties  from  firing  on  us. 

A  short  distance  after  taking  up  our  line  of  march  for  our 
own  lines,  we  came  to  a  little  town,  named  Mt.  Hope,  and  here 
we  bought  a  yard  of  thin,  narrow  muslin,  which  would  now 
sell  for  about  four  cents  a  yard,  and  for  which  we  paid  a  dollar 
and  a  half.  We  put  this  on  a  pole  and  gave  it  to  a  wild  Irish 
man,  who  belonged  to  some  infantry  regiment,  to  carry,  and 
he  ran  away  from  us  the  first  day  and  reached  our  lines  about 
a  day  ahead  of  the  cavalrymen.  He  confiscated  our  flas  of  truce 
and  we  never  saw  nor  heard  of  him  afterward,  and  we  still  mourn 
the  loss  of  that  dollar  and  a  half  yard  of  muslin.  The  last 
day  of  our  march,  before  reaching  our  lines  at  Tuscumbia,  Ala., 
we  sick  boys  hired  a  citizen  to  hitch  up  a  dilapidated  pair  of 
mules  to  an  old  wagon  and  haul  us  to  our  outposts,  paying  him 
fifty  cents  each,  and  when  we  reached  the  pickets  he  stopped  and 
refused  to  go  any  further;  but  as  it  was  two  or  three  miles 
to  Tuscumbia,  we  pressed  the  old  planter  in  and  compelled  him 


—357— 

to  go  on,  much  to  his  disgust,  as  he  was  afraid  his  team  and 
wagon  would  be  confiscated. 

On  reaching  the  command  we  found  that  our  old  friend 
Bynum  at  Courtland,  who  professed  to  be  so  loyal  to  the  Union, 
had  piloted  General  Armstrong's  cavalry  through  the  mountain 
paths  into  our  camp,  notwithstanding  the  fact  that  we  were 
guarding  his  cornfields  at  the  time.  We  were  only  prisoners 
a  short  time  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  as  this  was  before  the 
days  of  establishing  those  horrible  prison  pens,  such  as  Ander- 
sonville,  Saulsbury  and  Florence.  We  were  sent  to  Camp  Chase, 
Ohio,  and  wrere  exchanged  and  returned  to  our  regiment  sta 
tioned  at  Lavergne,  Term.,  about  March  1,  1863. 

But  I  would  not  go  through  the  same  experience  again  as 
I  did  the  day  I  w^as  captured  and  take  my  chances  of  being- 
shot  and  then  of  being  murdered  by  the  big  rebel  Sergeant  who 
threatened  to  take  our  lives  in  cold  blood,  for  the  whole  Southern 
Confederacy. 

Reminiscence  of  the  Battle  of  Chicka.ma.ug a,    Clipped  From  a  Newspaper 

Article. 

In  answer  to  a  question  regarding  the  battle,  Colonel  Curry 
said:  "Yes,  I  was  in  that  battle  and  commanded  a  company 
in  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry.  I  do  not  know  that  I  could  describe 
the  fight  better  than  to  quote  the  words  of  General  George 
Crook,  who  commanded  our  division.  In  a  conversation  a  few 
years  after  the  war  he  said:  'We  got  into  a  hot  place  at  Chick- 
aniauga.'  We  were  under  fire  perhaps  a  hundred  times,  includ 
ing  battles  and  skirmishes,  but  this  was  the  only  fight  I  was  in 
during  my  service  in  which  I  'threw  up  the  sponge'  and  thought 
I  was  going  to  be  killed.  I  do  not  know  why  it  was,  as  I  had 
been  in  some  pretty  hot  places  before,  but  I  had  a  premonition 
that  I  would  be  killed.  Our  division  reached  the  battle-field 
on  Sunday  morning,  September  20,  1863,  about  nine  o'clock, 
We  marched  up  through  McLamore's  Cove  with  McCook's  divi 
sion  on  Saturday,  the  nineteenth.  I  was  on  picket  all  night 
The  weather  was  clear  and  cold.  Next  morning  we  all  felt  tired, 
sleepy  and  worn  out.  We  were  in  the  saddle  at  sunrise,  March 
ing  a  few  miles,  we  were  ordered  to  deploy  and  move  forward 
toward  Glass'  Mills,  on  Chickamauga  Creek,  about  a  mile  and 
a  half  southeast  from  Crawrfish  Springs. 

"It  was  a  beautiful  Sabbath  morning.  The  sun  was  shin 
ing  brightly.  Not  a  leaf  stirred.  It  was  ominously  quiet.  Not 
a  sound  was  heard  excepting  the  sharp,  quick  command  of  the 
officers  forming  the  lines.  Staff  officers  dashed  here  and  there 
carrying  orders.  I  tell  you,  boys,  the  stillness  that  often  pre 
cedes  a  battle  is  awful.  It  tries  the  nerves  of  the  bravest  soldier. 
It  seemed  especially  oppressive  that  calm  Sabbath  morning. 


—358— 

"Before  our  lines  were  formed  and  ready  to  move  forward 
a  rebel  battery  posted  on  a  hill  across  Chickamauga  Creek,  about 
a  thousand  yards  distant,  opened  up  on  our  lines  and  the  shells 
were  crashing  through  the  pine  trees  above  our  heads.  You 
could  hear  the  command,  "Steady!  Steady!"  down  the  line  as 
men  and  horses  became  a  little  nervous.  I  commanded  next 
to  the  right  flanking  company  of  the  regiment,  a  company  to 
which  I  had  been  assigned  only  a  few  weeks  previous,  and  the 
men  were  comparative  strangers  to  me.  I  rode  out  in  front  of 
the  company  and  looked  down  the  line  of  officers  toward  the 
left  of  the  regiment  and  saw  my  old  company,  in  which  I  had 
served  two  years,  forming  on  the  left  flank;  and  as  it  seemed 
evident  we  were  going  to  get  into  a  hot  fight,  I  made  up  my 
mind  that  I  would  be  killed  and  wished  myself  with  my  old 
company.  I  felt  that  should  I  be  wounded  or  killed,  my 
old  boys  would  see  to  it  that  I  did  not  fall  into  the  hands  of 
the  enemy;  whereas  the  soldiers  in  the  company  I  was  com 
manding  had  known  me  for  so  brief  a  time,  that  I  felt  they  would 
have  no  particular  interest  in  my  welfare  other  than  they  would 
in  any  officer  or  soldier  of  the  regiment. 

"But  I  did  not  have  very  long  to  reflect  on  the  subject.  The 
skirmishers  were  moving  out  and  my  company  and  Company  G 
of  the  same  squadron  were  ordered  to  the  right  to  protect  the 
ford.  We  were  soon  in  the  fight.  At  every  lull  in  the  firing 
I  would  think  of  my  first  impressions  in  the  morning,  that  I 
would  be  killed.  As  the  battle  raged  and  we  were  driven  back 
and  Colonel  Cupp,  commanding  the  regiment,  was  mortally 
wounded  and  my  own  horse  was  shot,  I  still  felt  confident  that 
I  would  be  wounded  or  killed.  One  man  of  my  company  had 
been  killed  and  five  others  wounded.  I  was  dismounted,  and  as 
we  fell  back  slowly,  stubbornly  contesting  the  ground,  I  saw 
our  regimental  butcher  riding  to  the  rear,  leading  the  horse 
of  a  trooper  which  I  recognized  as  the  horse  of  Sergeant  Irwin 
of  my  old  company.  Bodkins,  the  butcher,  informed  me  that 
Irwin  was  severely  wounded  and  was  in  an  ambulance.  I  then 
mounted  Irwin's  horse,  and  found  the  saddle  and  horse  covered 
with  blood,  which  had  run  down  over  both  fore  legs  and  hoofs 
of  the  animal.  The  balls  were  still  cutting  the  brush  and  trees 
on  every  side.  A  strong  line  of  dismounted  cavalry  of  the 
enemy  was  sweeping  up  through  a  cornfield  in  our  front.  Our 
squadron  was  soon  in  imminent  danger  of  being  cut  off  and 
captured.  We  moved  to  the  left'  and  rear  and  formed  on  the 
second  line,  near  Crawfish  Springs,  where  we  stood  in  line  of 
battle  for  two  hours  awaiting  the  attack  of  the  enemy.  But 
they  had  got  enough  of  it  and,  instead  of  attacking,  they  fell 
back  and  marched  up  on  the  east  side  of  Chickamanga  Creek 
to  Lee  and  Gordon's  Mills  and  then  marched  to  Crawfish  Springs, 


—359— 

arriving  and  taking  possession  of  our  hospitals  at  the  Lee  House 
about  5  o'clock  P.  M. 

"After  the  battle  had  ended  and  I  realized  that  I  had  escaped 
without  a  scratch,  while  I  felt  very  thankful,  still  it  seemed 
to  me  that  things  had  gone  wrong  —  at  least  not  as  I  expected. 
The  thought  of  the  early  morning,  that  I  would  be  shot,  had 
been  before  me  like  a  specter  all  day.  No,  I  was  not  frightened 
or  any  more  nervous  than  I  had  been  in  any  other  fight. 

"While  I  was  cool  and  self-possessed  all  day,  yet  I  never 
was  in  a  fight  before  or  after  that  affected  me  as  I  was  affected 
in  that  battle. 

"Yes,  you  will  find  it  the  experience  of  every  soldier  that 
in  many  instances  in  a  skirmish  or  picket  fight  he  lost  his  head 
more  than  in  a  hard  battle.  Many  men  and  officers  who  were 
brave  to  a  fault  would  get  rattled  at  times,  and  at  other  times 
would  be  as  'cool  as  a  cucumber.'  I  know  that  was  my  own 
experience.  No,  you  cannot  tell  what  any  soldier  will  do  until 
he  is  tried  under  fire.  Often  some  little  pale-faced  sprig  of  a 
boy  would  go  into  the  hottest  fight  without  showing  any  signs 
of  fright,  and  the  bully  or  street  fighter  would  cower  with  fear. 
It  is  a  soldier's  honor  and  high  sense  of  duty,  as  he  touches  elbows 
with  his  comrades,  that  keeps  him  in  the  fight.  The  soldier 
who  is  spoiling  for  a  fight  at  all  times  is  usually,  when  the  test 
comes,  like  a  case  of  milk  sickness,  'in  the  next  township.' ' 

Field  Service  in  the  Hospitals  in  Camp  and  on  the  Battlefield. 

My  dear  Curry:  —  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  kind  note  request 
ing  me  to  write  an  article  for  your  history  of  the  First  Ohio  Vol 
unteer  Cavalry  regarding  the  medical  service  in  the  army  as  it 
was  then,  my  experience  on  the  march,  in  camp,  on  the  battle 
field,  in  the  hospital,  and  especially  in  the  field  at  Stone  Kiver 
and  Chickamauga,  believing  that  it  would  be  interesting  to  the 
"boys" — meaning  of  course  the  surviving  members  of  the  regi 
ment. 

While  I  feel  very  willing  to  oblige  you,  and  through  you, 
"the  old  boys,"  I  am  at  the  same  time  very  diffident  about  at 
tempting  the  task  before  me,  for  various  reasons.  Unfortunately 
all  notes  and  records  of  what  befell  me  (chiefly  in  letters  to  my 
family)  have  been  lost,  and  my  memory  has  become  dimmed  by 
age,  so  that  it  is  impossible  for  me  to  give  anything  like  a  con 
nected  and  complete  history  of  the  medical  department  of  our 
regiment.  Further,  while  I  have  gone  through  many  thrilling 
scenes  during  my  three  and  one  half  years  of  service  in  camp 
and  hospital,  I  have  not  the  gift  of  relating  them  in  a  manner 
that  would  make  them  appear  interesting  and  life-like  to  others. 
This  I  regret ;  but  I  shall  nevertheless  attempt  something,  and  if 
it  should  be  found  bv  von  and  the  bovs  too  dull  and  heavv  and 


—360— 

uninteresting,  you  and  they  are  entirely  at  liberty  to  "skip"  it. 
So  here  we  go: 

I  was  mustered  in  as  Surgeon  of  the  First  O.  V.  C.  on  the 
10th  of  October,  1861.  The  regiment  was  then  in  Camp  Chase. 
All  companies  were  full,  but  without  horses  and  arms,  which 
were,  however,  furnished  a  few  days  later,  when  military  life 
began  in  earnest.  It  was  drill,  drill  with  the  men  all  day  and 
theoretical  instruction  all  evening.  I  had  been  in  West  Virginia 
Assistant  Surgeon  of  the  Ninth  Ohio  Infantry  all  summer,  had 
been  active  in  two  battles — Rich  Mountain  and  Carnefax  Ferry— 
and  was  therefore  not  unacquainted  with  military  life  and  my 
duties  as  a  medical  officer. 

A  regiment  was  then  entitled  to  a  Surgeon,  an  Assistant 
Surgeon,  and  a  Hospital  Steward — the  latter  to  be  appointed  by 
the  Surgeon.  My  first  duty  was  to  appoint  a  Steward,  make 
requisitions  for  medicines  and  instruments,  and  organize  my  de 
partment;  select  nurses,  ambulance  driver,  cook,  etc.,  with  the 
approval  of  the  Colonel.  All  officers  and  men  will  know  what  it 
means  to  organize  a  thousand  men  coming  from  all  walks  of  life, 
some  well  educated  and  many  scarcely  at  all,  but  all  wholly  un 
acquainted  with  military  life  and  duties,  into  battalions,  com 
panies,  squads,  and  platoons,  and  teach  them  the  various  duties 
of  a  soldier.  No  doubt  many  mistakes  and  blunders  were  made, 
sometimes  laughable  and  sometimes  more  serious,  as  for  instance 
when  the  gallant  soldier,  standing  guard,  put  the  Commander- 
in-Chief  of  the  camp  into  the  guard-house  because  he  had  for 
gotten  the  countersign  (given  out  by  himself).  Now  I  do  not 
mean  to  say  that  the  recruit  made  a  blunder,  but  certainly  the 
Commander  of  the  camp  did  by  forgetting  his  own  countersign. 

However  that  may  be,  it  was  not  all  smooth  sailing  in  my 
own  department.  I  had  selected  for  my  Steward  a  trooper  who 
represented  himself  to  be  a  member  of  my  own  profession,  and 
whom,  consequently,  I  felt  inclined  to  favor.  He  was  a  pleasant, 
jolly  fellow,  and  we  got  along  capitally  as  long  as  we  both  had 
nothing  to  do,  but  when  our  medical  supplies  came  my  trouble 
began.  Among  these  medicines  were  a  dozen  or  two  bottles 
Spirit  Frumenti,  Spirit  Vini  Gallici  and  also  several  gallons  of 
alcohol, — very  important  medicines  in  the  different  diseases  and 
injuries  which  are  apt  to  befall  a  soldier,  but  rather  injurious 
when  taken  indiscriminately.  I  very  soon  found  that  my  Stew 
ard  became  more  jolly,  more  boisterous,  and  sometimes — espec 
ially  toward  evening — even  quarrelsome  and  inclined  to  insubor 
dination.  I  also  found  by  a  casual  inspection  of  my  supplies 
that  a  frightful  large  number  of  my  Spirit  Frumenti  bottles  were 
empty.  Putting  this  and  that  together,  I  asked  him  for  an  ex 
planation,  intimating  that  he  drank  and  got  drunk  on  the  whisky 
and  brandy  furnished  by  the  government  for  medical  purposes 
only.  "You  wrong  me,v  said  he,  putting  his  hand  to  his  cap  and 


—361— 

standing  in  proper  position;  "indeed  you  do.     The  whisky  has 
been  used  strictly  for  the  purposes  for  which  it  was  issued.'7 

"How  do  you  make  that  out?  I  certainly  have  not  pre 
scribed  more  than  half  a  pint  since  it  is  here,  and  here  are  six 
empty  quart  bottles !" 

"You  see  it  is  this  way.  At  Surgeon's  call  you  have  repeat 
edly  ordered  castor  oil  for  a  soldier  having  bowel  complaint, 
with  a  little  whisky  after  it  to  take  the  nasty  taste  away.  Now 
being  a  physician  myself,  the  boys  of  my  company  frequently 
come  to  me  when  their  bowels  trouble  them  and  I  give  them  the 
same  dose.  It  is  excellent  treatrnen,  but  of  course  takes  con 
siderable  whisky.  There  are  so  many  of  them  and  their  num 
ber  increases.  It  must  be  in  the  water." 

The  situation  and  the  impudence  of  the  man  were  so  comical, 
that  I  could  not  help  laughing  and  forgiving  him,  taking  the  pre 
caution,  however,  of  putting  the  balance  of  the  spirits  under 
lock  and  key.  To  my  sorrow,  as  I  discovered  later,  I  neglected 
to  put  the  alcohol  also  out  of  his  reach. 

The  next  day  I  was  compelled  to  go  to  Columbus  and  was 
detained  until  after  dark.  On  nearing  my  quarters  I  heard  a 
howling  and  yelling  and  laughing,  as  if  a  parcel  of  Indians  had 
been  let  loose,  and  entering  the  room  I  found  my  Steward  with 
two  or  three  companions  performing  a  war-dance  and  singing, 
"We  won't  go  home  till  morning,"  and  on  the  table  the  alcohol 
bottle,  a  pitcher  of  water  and  a  sugar  bowl,  which  furnished  all 
the  ingredients  for  a  very  strong  punch.  I  was  so  taken  partly 
by  surprise  and  partly  with  indignation  that  I  was  speechless. 
So  were  the  visitors,  who  sneaked  away  before  I  could  find  words 
to  expresl  my  sentiments,  while  my  Steward  put  himself,  as  well 
as  he  could,  to  attention,  and  saluting,  addressed  me  as  follows : 
"Sir,  I  have  to  report  that  everything  in  my  department  is  in 
excellent  condition!  I  take  this  opportunity  to  resign  my  posi 
tion,  believing  from  your  looks  that  it  is  not  healthy  for  me  to 
remain." 

His  successor  was  a  civilian,  a  real  druggist,  who  came 
highly  recommended,  and  who  certainly  was  accomplished  and 
competent.  He  condemned  the  conduct  of  his  predecessor  very 
strongly  and  gave  me  to  understand  that  he  was  as  much  op 
posed  to  the  use  of  intoxicating  liquors  as  Neal  Dow  himself. 
However  I  was  soon  to  learn  to  my  sorrow  that  this  was  not 
strictly  true,  unless  that  venerable  gentleman  was  himself  sub 
ject  to  occasional  relapses.  The  regiment  was  ordered  to  the 
front.  It  was  transported,  men,  horses,  and  baggage,  to  Cincin 
nati  by  rail,  and  from  there  by  steamer  to  Louisville,  where  we 
went  in  camp.  Several  transports  being  used  for  the  embark 
ation  of  men,  horses,  and  baggage,  and  the  Steward  being  left  in 
charge  of  the  hospital  stores,  I  was  astonished  on  my  arrival 
to  find  the  goods  but  no  Steward,  and  ascertained  subsequently 


—362— 

that  he  had  stayed  in  Cincinnati  in  such  a  condition  as  would 
have  made  it  utterly  futile  for  him  to  walk  in  a  straight  line,  or 
any  line  whatever.  "He  was  d —  drunk/'  said  my  informant, 
and  I  never  saw  him  again.  By  this  time  the  government  allow 
ing  two  Stewards  to  a  Cavalry  regiment,  I  selected  two  privates, 
E.  M.  Doty  and  J.  C.  Caldwell,  who  proved  to  be  intelligent,  in 
dustrious,  and  willing  to  perform  their  duties,  and  from  their 
entrance  I  had  no  more  trouble  in  this  department. 

Shortly  after  my  arrival  at  Camp  Chase  Dr.  John  Canaan 
was  appointed  Assistant  Surgeon  of  the  regiment.  He  was  of 
English  birth,  but  educated  in  this  country.  He  remained  with 
the  regiment  during  the  war  and  became  its  Surgeon  after  my 
resignation.  He  is  so  well  known  to  all  the  surviving  members, 
that  it  is  unnecessary  to  enter  into  his  history.  He  died  many 
years  ago  at  his  home  in  Lorain  County. 

The  First  O.  V.  C.  wras  on  the  whole  perhaps  as  healthy  as 
any  regiment  in  the  service,  the  men  and  officers  with  a  few  ex 
ceptions  being  perfect  specimens  of  vigorous  manhood,  mostly 
farmers'  boys  and  strong  mechanics.  Only  twice  during  my 
service  were  there  any  large  number  really  sick,  and  this  in  the 
first  winter  of  our  field  service  at  Camp  Buell,  near  Louisville, 
where  an  epidemic  of  measles  broke  out,  which  was  severe,  and 
was  followed  in  many  cases  by  pneumonia,  wrhich  proved  fatal 
in  one  case;  while  several  cases  had  to  be  discharged  subse 
quently  on  account  of  chronic  lung  trouble.  Then  in  front  of 
Corinth,  on  the  battlefield  of  Shiloh,  many  were  attacked  writh 
camp  fever  and  diarrhoea,  among  them  myself,  so  that  I  had  to 
leave  for  home.  Ordinarily  the  attendance  at  Surgeon's  call 
was  not  large. 

Every  morning  the  Orderly  Sergeant  of  each  company 
brought  those  that  claimed  to  be  sick  and  unfit  for  duty  to  the 
Surgeon  for  examination  and  treatment.  Now  the  complaints 
were  often  of  a  very  trifling  or  obscure  and  contradictory  char 
acter,  so  that  I  could  not  help  suspecting  that  the  soldier  was 
more  after  an  excuse  from  an  unpleasant  duty,  than  relief  from 
actual  suffering.  In  such  cases  I  invariably  gave  the  invalid  the 
benefit  of  the  doubt,  but  made  him  swallow  in  my  presence  a 
harmless  but  disagreeable  dose,  such  as  castor  oil  or  quinine, 
and  usually  had  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  him  next  morning 
ready  for  duty.  However,  when  the  order  for  breaking  camp 
came  or  a  fight,  was  in  prospect,  these  men  invariably  reported 
themselves  well  and  I  frequently  had  to  use  my  authority  to  send 
men,  really  sick,  to  the  hospital,  who  would  insist  on  marching  or 
going  into  battle,  w^hen  they  were  physically  unable  to  do  so. 
There  is  no  discount  on  the  bravery  of  American  soldiers. 

While  it  is  the  soldier's  duty  in  battle  to  kill  and  wound  as 
many  of  the  enemy  as  possible,  it  is  the  Surgeon's  duty  to  save 
as  many  lives  and  to  relieve  as  much  suffering  as  possible,  and 


—363— 

this  irrespective  of  friend  or  foe.  Nor  does  the  soldier  himself 
show  other  than  mercy  to  the  wounded  enemy  when  the  battle 
is  over.  This  is  civilized  warfare  as  contra-distinguished  from 
savage  warfare,  where  the  wounded  enemy  is  as  mericlessly 
butchered  as  if  he  were  encountered  with  arms  in  his  hand.  It 
is  a  noble  duty  that  the  Surgeon  has  to  perform,  and  a  hard  one 
I  assure  you. 

Where  a  general  battle  is  to  be  fought,  certain  preparations 
are  made.  The  medical  officers  do  not  remain  with  tEeir  com 
mands.  They  are  under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  medical 
director  of  the  army,  generally  an  experienced  Surgeon  of  the 
regular  army,  who  designates  each  Surgeon  and  Assistant  Sur 
geon  his  place  and  duty.  Temporary  hospitals  are  established 
in  houses,  churches,  or  where  they  are  needed;  in  some  secluded 
place  near  the  line  of  battle,  but  protected  as  much  as  possible 
from  the  stray  bullets  of  the  enemy.  These  places  are  invariably 
marked  with  the  hospital  flag,  as  much  for  the  purpose  of  direct 
ing  the  wounded  to  them,  as  for  informing  the  enemy  of  the 
nature  of  the  place  and  the  character  of  its  occupants.  Some 
surgeons  are  sent  into  or  near  the  battle  line  with  attendants 
and  stretchers  and  ambulance  to  pick  up  the  severely  wounded 
and  bring  them  to  the  hospital,  where  some  surgeons  apply 
bandages,  others  select  the  cases  requiring  immediate  amputa 
tion,  and  others  still  are  continually  engaged  in  cutting  off  arms 
and  legs.  It  is  a  gruesome  place,  such  a  temporary  hospital  dur 
ing  and  shortly  after  a  battle.  The  ground  is  drenched  with 
blood,  and  heaps  of  shattered  legs  and  arms  lie  around  promiscu 
ously.  Some  of  the  poor  fellows  die  under  the  knife,  some  shortly 
after,  and  some  even  before  an  effort  can  be  made  to  save  their 
life  or  relieve  their  sufferings.  And  there  they  lie,  for  there  is 
no  time  to  bury  them. 

It  is  clear  that  when  our  line  gives  way,  such  a  hospital 
is  first  to  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  and  surgeons,  attend 
ants  and  wounded  become  prisoners  of  war;  for  it  is  a  sacred 
duty  with  a  surgeon  never  to  leave  the  wounded  to  save  himself 
though  he  may  be  able,  under  the  circumstances,  to  run  as  fast 
as  anybody.  This  happened  to  my  friend  Doty  and  me  in  the 
memorable  battle  of  Stone  River. 

The  surviving  members  of  the  First  O.  V.  C.  will  never 
forget  Stone  Kiver,  for  here  it  lost  some  of  its  most  distinguished 
members,  of  which  I  need  only  mention  Colonel  Millikin  and 
Major  Moore,  although  many  more  equally  brave,  if  not  as  dis 
tinguished,  laid  down  their  life  for  their  country  and  the  restora 
tion  of  the  Union. 

On  the  advance  from  Nashville  toward  Murfreesboro  I  was 
mostly  in  the  company  of  Colonel  Millikin.  We  had  frequent 
conversation  about  the  impending  battle.  He  knew  more  of  our 
own  strength  and  position  and  of  the  enemy's  than  I  did,  and 


—364— 

seemed  altogether  in  a  more  serious  mood  than  I  had  ever  seen 
him  before.  In  light  of  subsequent  events  I  am  almost  inclined 
to  believe  that  he  had  a  premonition  of  his  fate.  The  night  before 
the  battle  we  spread  our  blankets  in  an  abandoned  negro  cabin, 
slept  in  our  uniforms,  ready  and  expecting  to  be  alarmed  at  any 
moment,  and  in  the  morning  we  joined  our  little  stores  and  had 
breakfast  together.  At  daybreak  the  regiment  formed  and  be- 
fore  we  mounted  he  said  to  me,  "Let  us  shake  hands,  Doctor. 
This  will  be  a  hot  day  for  all  of  us  and  we  may  never  have  a 
chance  to  do  it  again.7'  Silently  I  grasped  his  hand,  alas!  for 
the  last  time.  Shortly  afterward  we  were  separated. 

Captain  Cupp,  who  was  on  picket  duty  with  his  company, 
sent  an  orderly  to  me  to  come  and  assist  one  of  his  men  who  was 
seriously  wounded.     Doty  and  I  went  with  the  messenger  and 
soon  met  the  Captain  with  his  company  and  the  wounded  man  on 
a  horse,  held  up  by  a  trooper  on  each  side.    In  the  far  distance 
the  enemy  was  plainly  visible  in  force  and  the  intervening  cot 
ton-fields  covered  by  our  infantry  rapidly  retreating  toward  us. 
Seeing  a  hospital  flag  on  a  cluster  of  farm  buildings  not  far  in 
the  rear  and  to  the  left,  I  directed  the  man  there  and  followed 
immediately.    The  house  was  already  filled  with  wounded,  but 
we  found  a  place  where  we  (Doty  and  I)  could  strip  the  man 
and  dress  his  wound.    While  thus  employed  I  heard  the  terrible 
rebel  yell  that  nobody,  who  has  once  heard  it,  forgets  in  fifty 
years,  and  immediately  our  hospital  was  surrounded  by  a  regi 
ment  of  Texas  Hangers  and  we  all  were  prisoners  of  war.     Al 
most  before  we  had  time  to  realize  our  position  we  were  —  sur 
geons  and  attendants  —  hustled  into  the  yard,  questioned  as  to 
our  name,  rank,  regiment,  etc.,  and  then  paroled  on  condition 
that  we  should  strictly  attend  to  our  work;   and  while  we  were 
given  the  freedom  of  the  grounds,  w^e  were  warned  that  any 
attempt  to  reach  the  Union  lines  would  be  made  at  the  risk 
of  our  lives.    It  is  needless  to  say  that  we  lived  up  to  the  con 
dition  of  our  parole.    We  had  no  other  indignity  offered  us  than 
tiie  jeers  of  some  of  the  men  about  the  "cowardly  Yankees,"  how 
they  had  run,  how  the  army  was  in  full  retreat  to  Nashville. 
Having  no  means  to  ascertain  the  truth  or  untruth  of  these  asser 
tions,  we  were  in  our  then  state  of  mind  only  too  ready  to  believe 
them,  and  felt  accordingly  depressed  and  unhappy.    The  fact  the 
sound  of  the  canonading  was  retreating  more  and  more  gave 
indeed  some  color  of  truth  to  their  statements. 

Our  horses  and  whatever  in  our  possession  that  struck  the 
fancy  of  our  captors  was  unceremoniously  confiscated.  We  em 
ployed  the  day  in  picking  up  more  wounded  and  making  them  as 
comfortable  as  possible.  A  rumbling  farm  wagon  served  as 
ambulance  and  did  valiant  service  until  late  at  night,  when  the 
driver  declared  that  neither  lie  nor  the  horses  could  stand  it 
any  longer.  In  fact,  we  were  all  utterly  exhausted;  but  there 


—365— 

was  no  rest  to  be  thought  of.  Word  came  that  a  house  a  mile 
or  two  distant  was  full  of  wounded  and  not  a  single  person 
with  them  able  to  take  care  of  them.  Doty  and  I  and  a  Ken 
tucky  surgeon  volunteered  to  at  once  to  go  to  their  relief. 

Weary  almost  to  exhaustion  we  dragged  ourselves  along 
until  we  arrived  at  last  at  the  house,  and,  I  believe,  not  a  minute 
too  soon.  The  house  was  a  new  one,  as  yet  unfinished,  for  in 
front  of  the  fire-place  were  deep  holes,  probably  designed  to 
be  covered  by  hearth-stones.  The  whole  ground  floor  was  covered 
with  wounded  men,  whose  moans  and  cries  for  water  could  be 
heard  from  a  distance.  The  night  was  bitter  cold,  but  a  bright 
fire,  made  of  cedar  fence  rails  and  posts,  burned  in  the  fire-places. 
There  were  no  guards,  no  nurses.  By  whom  the  fires  were  made 
and  kept  up,  I  do  not  know;  possibly  the  only  one  who  could 
have  done  it  was  our  informant,  who  stayed  behind,  believing 
himself  entitled  to  a  rest,  as  undoubtedly  he  was.  However, 
we  came  just  in  time  to  extinguish  flames  in  a  number  of  blankets 
with  which  the  poor  fellows  were  covered — too  severely  wounded 
to  do  it  themselves.  From  this  time  we  had  our  hands  full 
keeping  up  the  fires,  quenching  the  feverish  thirst  of  the  men 
and  guarding  against  a  conflagration,  for  the  sparks  from  the 
dry  cedar  posts  frequently  flew  a  distance  of  several  yards. 
All  night  we  were  engaged  in  walking  from  place  to  place  with 
a  tin  cup  and  water  bucket,  which  we  used  as  much  to  extinguish 
incipient  conflagration  as  to  quench  the  thirst  of  the  sufferers. 
I  honestly  believe  that  if  we  had  relapsed  one  half  hour  in  our 
vigilance  or  fallen  asleep,  house  and  all  in  it  would  have  been 
consumed.  That  was  a  terrible  night,  that  New  Year's  eve!  It 
was  the  longest  and  most  dreary  night  I  ever  lived,  but  it  came 
to  an  end  at  last.  A  rebel  officer  appeared  in  the  morning  re 
questing  us  to  report  to  the  provost  marshal  in  Murfreesboro. 
When  asked  what  was  to  become  of  the  men  whose  wounds 
needed  dressing,  and  above  all,  who  were  starving,  he  assured 
us  they  would  soon  be  taken  care  of  and  urged  us  to  be  prompt, 
as  we  were  needed  in  Murfreesboro.  So  ended  the  first  and 
commenced  the  second  day  of  the  battle  of  Stone  Eiver  for  us. 

On  our  way  to  Murfreesboro  we  saw  evidences  of  the  ter 
rible  destruction  of  war  everywhere  —  dead  horses,  burned 
houses,  broken  wagons,  ammunition  boxes,  but  very  few  soldiers. 
The  wounded  seemed  to  have  been  picked  up  and  the  dead  buried 
in  that  part  of  the  battle-field.  On  the  porch  of  one  house  we 
saw  the  body  of  General  Sims,  shot  square  in  the  forehead.  He 
certainly  died  with  his  face  to  the  enemy. 

We  heard  only  occasional  cannon  shots  in  the  far  distance, 
and  from  what  we  saw  and  heard  could  only  conclude  that  our 
army  was  thoroughly  defeated,  and  if  not  completely  disor 
ganized,  at  least  in  full  retreat  to  Nashville.  We  had  seen  the 
defeat  of  our  right  wing  (McCook's  corps),  but  we  were  utterly 


—366— 

in  the  dark  as  to  the  center  (Thomas)  and  the  left  (Crittenden) ; 
nor  did  the  rebels  enlighten  us,  but  insisted  that  our  whole  army 
was  whipped. 

Upon  arrival  in  Murfreesboro  we  were  shown  a  large  store 
room  full  of  wounded  Union  oldiers  —  or  as  a  Louisiana  officer 
would  have  it,  Yankee  soldiers  —  with  orders  to  attend  to  them. 
We  found  one  hundred  and  eighteen,  mostly  severely  wounded 
men,  with  a  few  paroled  prisoners  as  nurses,  but  no  surgeon. 
Nearly  all  belonged  to  Missouri  and  Illinois  regiments.  Their 
wounds  had  not  been  dressed  and  were  in  a  dreadful  condition. 
Some  of  the  cases  required  immediate  amputation.  But  ampu 
tation  cannot  be  performed  without  assistants,  instruments, 
anaesthetics  and  bandages,  and  I  had  none  of  these.  I  therefore 
went  immediately  to  the  medical  director  and  stated  my  des 
perate  situation  and  urgent  wants.  I  found  him  to  be  a  true 
physician  and  a  thorough  gentleman.  He  pointed  to  the  room 
opposite  and  said,  "Doctor,  there  is  our  store.  It  is  all  we  have. 
Go  in  and  take  anything  you  can  make  use  of;  but  I  am  sorry 
to  say  it  will  not  be  much.  As  to  an  assistant,  I  will  send  one 
as  soon  as  possible  with  an  amputating  case."  I  repaired  to  the 
room,  expecting  to  find  it  full  of  medical  and  surgical  stores, 
but  to  my  disgust  found  only  empty  shelves,  with  here  and  there 
a  bottle,  mostly  quinine,  salts,  castor  oil  and  morphine.  I  took 
one  of  each  and  a  few  bandages  and  returned  to  my  charge  with 
a  heavy  heart  and  almost  in  despair. 

On  my  return  I  found  an  officer  of  the  provost  guard,  who 
informed  me  that  the  body  of  an  officer  of  my  own  regiment  was 
in  the  cellar,  who  had  fallen  in  a  terrible  charge  of  the  regiment 
on  the  previous  day,  in  which  the  Colonel,  several  officers  and 
many  soldiers  had  also  been  killed.  I  went  with  him  to  the 
cellar  and  found  a  body  decently  covered  with  a  cloth,  on  the 
removal  of  which  I  saw  that  it  was  Major  Moore.  Part  of  his 
forehead  was  torn  away  by  a  piece  of  shell.  He  also  had  died 
like  a  hero,  with  his  face  to  the  enemy.  The  day  \vas  passed 
in  attending  to  the  wants  of  the  wounded  as  well  as  could  be 
under  the  circumstances.  The  promised  assistant  did  not  arrive 
until  late  at  night,  when  the  work  of  amputating  commenced  and 
did  not  cease  until  the  rebel  surgeon,  Doctor  Pendleton,  Steward 
Doty  and  I  w^ere  utterly  exhausted  and  nature  compelled  us 
toward  morning  to  seek  some  rest.  So  passed  the  second  day 
of  our  captivity,  Thursday,  January  1,  1863. 

The  third  did  not  materially  differ  as  far  as  our  occupation 
was  concerned.  We  did  not  hear  as  much  noise  and  cheering  as 
on  the  day  before,  but  that  did  not  especially  attract  our  atten 
tion.  We  were  also  not  so  often  reminded  that  the  Yankees 
were  on  their  way  to  Nashville.  In  the  morning  an  officer  ap 
peared  whose  serious  face  indicated  that  his  mind  was  not  at  ease 
and  requested  me  to  point  out  among  the  wounded  all  that  were 


—367— 

able  to  bear  transportation,  as  they  were  to  be  sent  to  Yicksburg. 
Poor  fellows,  they  were  so  anxious  to  go,  hoping,  when  in  Vicks- 
burg,  that  they  would  soon  be  exchanged;  but  unfortunately 
most  of  them  were  too  seriously  wounded  to  admit  of  removal. 
Those  fit  to  travel  were  conveyed  to  the  depot  and  left  for  Vicks- 
burg  within  an  hour. 

During  the  night  we  were  awakened  by  the  cries  of  the 
wounded,  that  they  could  not  wake  the  nurses,  that  they  wanted 
water,  etc.  We  got  up  to  investigate  and  found,  to  our  con 
sternation,  that  every  one  of  the  nurses  had  sneaked  away,  prob 
ably  in  the  hopes  of  getting  on  the  train  and  so  to  Vicksburg. 
Nothing  was  left  for  us  to  do  but  to  get  up  and  take  their  places 
for  the  balance  of  the  night  In  the  morning  another  difficulty 
arose.  These  poor  fellows  were  hungry  and  cried  for  their  break 
fast;  but  the  cook  had  left  with  the  rest.  So  we  had  to  go  to 
cooking.  We  settled  on  biscuit  and  coffee  for  breakfast;  this 
more  from  necessity  than  choice.  Our  cooking  utensils  con 
sisted  of  a  camp-kettle  and  a  small  Dutch  oven,  and  our  provi 
sions  of  some  flour  and  coffee.  Doty  made  the  dough,  mixing 
flour  and  water  together,  while  I  tended  to  the  baking.  The  bak 
ing  was  rather  a  slow  process,  as  our  oven  would  bake  only  five 
biscuits  at  a  time.  Nevertheless,  by  eleven  o'clock  we  had  served 
each  man  with  a  bun  (which  would  have  served  better  as  a  can 
non  ball  than  digestible  food)  and  a  cup  of  coffee,  and  had  one 
left  to  divide  between  ourselves.  The  biscuits  were  so  hard 
that  it  took  the  men  an  hour  to  masticate  them,  so  they  could 
dispense  w^ith  dinner,  which  was  very  fortunate  for  the  cooks. 
As  soon  as  breakfast  was  over  I  went  to  the  provost  marshal  and 
requested  him  to  furnish  me  new  nurses  and  a  cook,  which  he 
cheerfully  did. 

This  was  Saturday  morning.  By  this  time  a  mysterious 
change  had  taken  place  at  Murfreesboro,  which  Doty  noticed 
sooner  than  I.  We  heard  no  more  cheers.  Soldiers  hastened 
about  the  streets  silently  and  with  serious  faces.  There  was 
a  constant  rumbling  of  railroad  trains  leaving  in  a  southern 
direction.  Most  of  the  prisoners  of  war  had  disappeared. 

"I  believe  they  are  retreating/'  said  Doty. 

"Retreating?     Yes,  toward  Nashville! 

"No,  sir!    Come  and  see!" 

I  slipped  to  the  window,  where  we  could  look  upon  the  road 
coming  from  Nashville  towards  the  south.  There  we  saw  first 
irregular  masses  of  men  marching  without  order,  some  without 
arms  or  hats,  then  single  cannon,  then  whole  batteries,  then 
cavalry,  then  infantry,  —  all  mixed  up,  but  still  with  a  certain 
degree  of  order.  This  lasted  the  whole  night,  but  at  daybreak 
the  town  was  as  still  as  a  graveyard,  with  only  a  few  cavalry 
pickets,  who  soon  disappeared  also.  The  rebels  had  made  an 


—368— 

orderly  retreat,  and  left  nothing  but  their  own  wounded  and 
some  wounded  prisoners. 

What  a  change!  The  city  was  as  quiet  and  deserted  as  a 
churchyard  at  midnight.  Not  a  soldier  nor  a  citizen  to  be  seen. 
We  were  free  again!  There  was  no  doubt  now  that  the  rebels 
had  been  defeated.  We  expected  every  moment  to  see  our 
men  appear  in  hot  pursuit,  but  in  this  we  were  bitterly  mistaken. 
The  whole  Sunday  passed  and  not  a  soldier  appeared.  What  did 
it  mean?  Didn't  General  Kosecrans  know  that  the  enemy  had 
retreated?  Was  he  so  crippled  that  he  was  unable  to  pursue? 
Is  the  retreat  only  a  feint?  Will  the  rebels  return?  The  questions 
were  asked  a  hundred  times  during  that  lonely  day,  but  no 
satisfactory  answer  was  found.  Nor  did  the  night  bring  any 
solution.  If  we  could  only  communicate  with  our  army.  But 
there  was  no  messenger,  and  we  did  not  know  where  to  send. 
The  night  passed  in  the  same  painful  suspense.  Seven  o'clock 
passed,  eight  o'clock.  Are  we  left  to  our  fate  entirely?  Are 
the  poor  men  to  perish  for  want  of  food  and  medicine  and  proper 
care? 

"There!  Didn't  you  hear  that  bugle-blast?  Cavalry  is  com 
ing!  It  sounds  so  familiar,  it  must  be  our  regiment." 

We  hastened  to  the  street  and  in  a  few  minutes  we  were  sur 
rounded  by  our  friends  and  our  captivity  was  at  an  end  —  a 
thing  of  the  past. 

The  army  marched  through  Murfreesboro  and  went  into 
camp  a  few  miles  distant.  The  medical  director  took  charge  of 
the  wounded,  regular  hospitals  were  established,  and  we  at  last 
were  relieved  and  returned  to  our  commands. 

I  might  still  relate  many  stirring  incidents  of  the  war  in 
which  I  myself  took  part,  but  I  am  reminded  that  my  time  and 
space  are  limited,  and  will  refer  to  only  one  —  the  tragic  end 
of  Colonel  Cupp  at  Chickamauga.  I  was  then  acting  Brigade 
Surgeon  on  the  staff  of  General  Long,  commanding  the  brigade 
to  wrhich  the  First  O.  V.  C.  was  attached.  We  had  been  in  Broom- 
town  valley  on  the  extreme  right,  observing  and  also  skirmish 
ing  with  the  enemy.  The  country  is  extremely  rough  and  broken, 
full  of  deep  valleys  and  high  mountain  ranges  covered  with  for 
ests  and  unfavorable  for  the  evolutions  of  cavalry.  One  morning 
we  wrere  suddenly  withdrawn  from  our  position  and  entered 
upon  a  forced  march.  The  conformation  of  the  country  alluded 
to  made  it  impossible  to  form  a  distinct  idea  of  where  we  were 
going  to.  I  remember  even  a  dispute  between  some  soldiers 
whether  there  would  be  a  battle  or  not,  and  this  while  the  battle 
had  already  been  raging  two  days  and,  as  it  turned  out,  already 
lost.  Suddenly  we  came  to  a  halt.  The  brigade  was  deployed 
in  front  of  a  clearing  partly  concealed  by  underbrush.  Whether 
anyone  saw  the  enemy  I  do  not  know;  but  I  am  sure  I  did  not, 
though  I  was  close  to  General  Long.  Suddenly  we  heard  a  hor- 


—369— 

rible  volley  in  our  immediate  front,  as  if  a  whole  brigade  had 
fired,  and  many  a  saddle  was  emptied  in  an  instant  and  many 
a  horse  bit  the  dust.  A  rapid  retreat  was  necessary  to  get  out 
of  range.  We  had  run  into  Hindman's  division  of  infantry  and 
Wheeler's  cavalry. 

I  was  soon  overtaken  by  a  member  of  the  First  O.  V.  C.,  who 
informed  me  that  Colonel  Cupp  was  severely  wounded  and  re 
quested  my  immediate  attendance.  Seeing  an  ambulance  near, 
I  ordered  the  driver  to  follow  me,  and  turned  again  toward  the 
place  which  we  had  so  suddenly  left.  I  soon  found  the  Colonel, 
lying  on  his  back,  holding  his  abdomen  with  both  hands  and 
moaning  dreadfully.  A  hasty  examination  convinced  me  that 
his  case  was  hopeless  —  he  was  shot  through  the  stomach. 
While  engaged  in  lifting  him  tenderly  into  the  ambulance  we 
were  suddenly  surrounded  by  a  company  of  rebels,  apparently 
irregulars,  for  they  were  in  homespun  clothes.  And  so  it  ap 
peared  I  was  a  prisoner  for  the  second  time.  However,  I  got  off 
better  than  the  first.  I  was  accosted  by  the  leader  with  the 
question:  "What  are  you'uns  doin'  thar?"  I  gave  the  driver 
a  sign  to  move  on  and,  turning  to  the  Captain,  said  in  an  authori 
tative  tone:  "Don't  you  see  wThat  we  are  doing?  We  are  taking 
the  wounded  off  the  field."  He  seemed  to  reflect  for  some  time 
on  this  information,  and  then  said,  pointing  in  the  direction  of 
the  woods :  "Wall,  there  are  some  more  of  you'uns  laying'  over 
thar."  "I  know  it,"  said  I,  "and  as  soon  as  the  ambulance  returns 
I  shall  take  care  of  them."  This  gave  him  again  something  to 
reflect  on.  Whether  he  took  me  for  a  Confederate  Surgeon  or  a 
vsacred  person  exempt  from  the  ordinary  usages  of  war,  I  do 
not  know;  at  any  rate,  without  another  word  he  marched  his 
men  off  in  a  different  direction  from  that  the  ambulance  had 
taken  and  left  me  at  liberty  to  follow.  This  I  attempted  to 
do;  but  being  entirely  unacquainted  with  the  roads,  I  missed  it 
in  the  confusion  and  excitement  and  never  saw  Colonel  Cupp 
again.  He  died  in  the  Lee  House,  Craw^fish  Springs,  about  4  P. 
M.  the  same  evening.  After  many  hair-breadth  escapes  from 
capture  I  found  my  way  to  Chattanooga  (where  the  regiment  had 
preceded  me)  —  one  of  the  last  to  enter  the  city. 

Here  I  must  close,  fearing  that  my  reminiscences  of  two 
memorable  battles  have  already  tired  your  readers,  our  old  com 
rades.  If  so,  I  hope  they  will  pardon  me,  remembering  that  old 
age  makes  men  garrulous.  On  the  other  hand,  should  they  derive 
any  pleasure  from  the  perusal,  I  shall  be  more  than  gratified, 
and  as  I  am  not  unmindful  that  the  last  grand  call  may  soon  be 
sounded  for  me,  I  take  this  opportunity  to  bid  them  each  and 


—370— 

every  one  an  affectionate  farewell  on  this  my  seventieth  birth 
day  anniversary. 

K.  WIKTH, 

Late  Surgeon  First  O.  V.  C. 
Columbus,  Ohio,  July  21,  1898. 

The   Courier  Line. 

Courier  duty  in  the  cavalry  service  is  very  exciting  and  at 
times  quite  dangerous.  Courier  lines  are  established  in  the  army 
for  the  purpose  of  carrying  dispatches  between  the  different 
headquarters,  and  it  is  usually  important  that  they  be  carried 
very  rapidly,  and  for  that  purpose  the  best  mounts  are  selected. 
From  four  to  six  men  are  on  duty  at  each  station,  aud  the  sta 
tions  are  three  or  four  miles  apart,  according  to  the  number 
of  men  on  duty  and  the  distance  to  be  covered  by  the  whole  line. 

To  do  good  service  on  a  line  of  twenty  miles,  it  would  take 
from  thirty-six  to  forty  men.  The  men  are  often  stationed  in 
abandoned  houses,  barns  or  sheds,  if  they  can  be  found  at  about 
the  proper  distances  apart;  and  if  such  shelter  cannot  be  found 
along  the  road,  if  the  weather  is  bad  shelter  tents  are  put  up 
at  the  stations.  The  couriers  at  the  stations  must  always  be  on 
the  lookout  on  both  ends  of  the  line,  and  at  least  two  horses 
must  be  kept  saddled  and  bridled  at  all  times,  ready  to  mount, 
and  when  a  courier  is  seen  coming,  a  trooper  of  the  proper  relief 
mounts  and  as  the  incoming  courier  dashes  up,  he  receives  from 
him  the  dispatch,  wheels  his  horse  and  is  off  under  the  spur  like 
a  flash  for  the  next  station.  The  courier  is  in  light  marching 
orders,  carrying  usually  only  his  rubber  poncho  mailed  to  the 
cantel  of  his  saddle  with  belt  and  revolver,  leaving  his  saber, 
carbine,  blanket  and  haversack  at  the  station.  On  delivering  a 
dispatch,  the  courier  gives  his  horse  time  to  blow  and  then  re 
turns  slowly  to  his  station. 

During  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  very  often  the  courier  line 
run  over  mountains  and  through  thickly  wooded  and  uninhab 
ited  parts  of  the  country,  invested  by  bushwhackers  and  scout 
ing  parties  of  the  rebel  cavalry,  and  it  was  a  dangerous  service. 
The  carrier  of  dispatches  always  had  orders  not  to  allow  the 
dispatches  under  any  circumstances  to  fall  into  the  hands  of 
the  enemy,  and  if  he  wras  attacked  or  pursued,  he  must  act  on 
his  better  judgment  to  either  keep  the  road  or  take  to  the  woods, 
and  if  too  hard  pressed  to  destroy  the  dispatch  in  some  way. 
A  courier  was  not  expected  to  do  much  fighting,  but  if  he  was 
cornered  and  was  in  danger  of  being  captured  and  there  was 
not  to  exceed  half  a  dozen  of  the  enemy,  he  did  not  hesitate  to 
use  his  revolver  and  often  emptied  some  saddles  and  made  his 
escape.  Where  the  stations  were  not  more  than  three  miles 
apart,  a  run  of  twenty  miles  was  usually  made  in  less  than  two 
hours. 


371- 

Altogether  this  was  at  times  a  very  hazardous  service,  as 
the  couriers  at  isolated  stations  were  frequently  attacked  and 
captured;  yet  it  was  a  very  attractive  and  exciting  service, 
and  the  ideal  trooper  enjoyed  it.  The  illustration  is  true  to  life, 
showing  the  courier  post,  in  the  thick  forest,  with  the  troopers 
on  duty,  waiting  and  watching  intently  for  the  horseman  just 
coming  in  sight  around  the  turn  in  the  road.  This  cut  was  made 
by  the  direction  of  the  author  especially  for  the  history  of  the 
First  O.  V.  C.  and  will  recall  vividly  to  the  minds  of  many 
comrades  courier  duty  in  the  mountains  of  Tennessee  and 
Georgia. 


Biographies. 


COLONEL  MINOE  MILLIKIN. 

(By  permission  of  Robert  Clark  &  Co.) 

The  biography  of  Colonel  Millikin  was  copied  from  the 
biography  written  by  Whitelaw  Eeid  and  published  in  his  his 
tory  "Ohio  in  the  War." 

Colonel  Millikin  was  the  eldest  son  of  Major  John  M.  Mil 
likin,  formerly  a  lawyer  of  Hamilton  and  long  known  as  the 
President  of  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  and  one  of  the 
foremost  among  that  body  of  retired  professional  men  of  wealth 
and  culture  who  adorn  the  vocation  of  Ohio  farmers.  Minor 
was  born  on  the  ninth  of  July,  1834.  His  early  education  was 
acquired  in  the  high  schools  of  Hamilton,  and  under  the  watch 
ful  eye  of  his  parents.  In  1850  he  was  sent  to  Hanover  College, 
Ind.,  where  he  passed  through  the  course  of  study  of  the  Fresh 
man  and  Sophomore  classes.  In  1852  he  went  to  Miami  Univer 
sity  and  there  completed  his  collegiate  education.  He  ranked 
foremost  among  all  the  students  then  in  that  honored  old  insti 
tution.  He  was  not  known  as  a  remarkable  scholar,  nor  was 
he  ever  popular.  But  there  was  about  him  an  individuality 
so  intense  and  so  striking,  that  wherever  he  was  placed  he  was 
the  center  of  attraction.  He  was  the  most  nervous  and  original 
writer  and  altogether  the  most  striking  debater  in  his  society. 

He  was  graduated  with  high,  though  not  distinguished 
standing  in  1854.  He  went  immediately  to  the  Harvard  Law 
School.  The  next  year  he  returned  to  Cincinnati  and  entered 
the  law  office  of  his  father's  friend,  Thomas  Corwin.  A  year 
later  he  married  Miss  Mollyneaux,  of  Oxford,  to  whom  he  had 
been  engaged  while  at  college,  and  started  to  Europe  on  a  bridal 
tour,  which  was  prolonged  for  a  twelvemonth. 

On  his  return  he  purchased  the  Hamilton  Intelligencer,  the 
Republican  organ  of  his  native  county,  and  for  the  next  two 
years  edited  it.  He  had  never  intended  to  practice  his  profes 
sion,  but  he  improved  the  opportunities  of  leisure  now  afforded 
him,  to  review  and  extend  his  studies.  Then  disposing  of  his 


—373— 

newspaper,  he  retired  to  his  farm,  near  that  of  his  father,  in 
the  vicinity  of  Hamilton,  and  was  engaged  in  improving  it  and 
building,  when  the  war  broke  out. 

His  tastes  and  his  superb  horsemanship  naturally  inclined 
him  to  the  cavalry  service.  There  was  a  great  difficulty  at  first 
in  getting  cavalry  companies  accepted,  and  recruiting  was  con 
sequently  discouraged.  But  he  enlisted  himself  as  a  private, 
and  soon  had  the  nucleus  of  a  company.  The  Government  could 
not  be  induced  to  furnish  horses  in  time,  and  to  get  the  company 
off  for  the  West  Virginia  campaign  he  advanced  the  funds  to 
purchase  twenty-four  out  of  his  own  pocket.  His  recruits  were 
united  to  Captain  Burdsall's  Cincinnati  Company,  and  Millikin 
presently  became  Sergeant,  and  then  Lieutenant.  He  returned 
from  the  three  months'  campaign  in  West  Virginia,  with  the 
confidence  of  his  men  and  the  indorsement  of  his  commanders 
as  the  best  of  the  cavalry  officers  on  duty  in  that  department. 
Thus  recommended,  he  was  appointed  a  Major  in  the  First  Regi 
ment  of  Ohio  Cavalry,  raised  for  the  three  years'  service. 

Colonel  Ransom,  the  first  Colonel  of  the  regiment,  resigned 
in  January,  1862,  and  Minor  Millikin,  the  junior  Major  of  the 
regiment,  was  promoted  to  the  vacant  Colonelcy.  The  promo 
tion  was  based  on  his  acknowledged  merits,  but  it  wrought  him 
great  harm.  One  of  the  officers  over  whose  heads  he  was  thus 
lifted,  was  brother  to  the  Governor  of  the  state,  another  had 
such  influential  friends  as  presently  to  secure  a  Brigadier-Gen 
eral's  commission.  All  were  older  than  himself.  Dissatisfac 
tion  of  course  arose,  all  manner  of  complaints  were  made,  officers 
threatened  to  resign  by  wholesale,  and  finally  the  charge  was 
made  that  Colonel  Millikin  was  too  young  and  too  ignorant  of 
cavalry  tactics  to  lead  Ohio's  first  cavalry  regiment. 

The  result  was  that  he  was  ordered  before  a  board  of  reg 
ular  officers  for  examination.  Some  delays  ensued,  but  when  at 
last  the  examination  was  held  he  passed  it  triumphantly,  and 
received  the  warmest  compliments  of  his  examiners. 

While  the  matter  was  pending,  Colonel  Millikin  served  on 
the  staff  of  General  George  H.  Thomas.  But  he  was  not  long  to 
lead  the  disciplined  organization  he  had  created.  In  the  battle 
of  Stone's  River  he  was  sent  to  repel  attacks  of  rebel  cavalry 
on  the  rear  of  the  army.  Seeking  to  protect  a  valuable  train 
he  ordered  a  charge,  and  himself  led  it.  The  force  of  the  enemy 
at  that  point  was  superior,  and  he  presently  found  himself  with 
a  small  part  of  his  regiment  cut  off.  He  refused  to  surrender, 
and  encouraged  his  men  to  cut  their  way  out.  A  hand-to-hand 
encounter  followed.  Colonel  Millikin's  fine  swordmanship  en 
abled  him  to  protect  himself  with  his  saber.  After  a  contest 
for  some  minutes  with  several  assailants,  one  of  them,  enraged 
at  his  obstinate  resistance,  shot  him  with  a  revolver  while  he 
was  engaged  in  parrying  the  strokes  of  another.  The  regiment 


—374— 

charged  again  a  few  minutes  later  and  recovered  the  body,  but 
not  before  it  had  been  stripped  of  sword,  watch  and  purse. 

After  Colonel  Millikin's  death,  General  Thomas  addressed 
a  letter  to  the  bereaved  father,  in  which  are  these  words:  "It 
affords  me  the  sincerest  pleasure  to  express  to  you  and  to  Mrs. 
Millikin  my  utmost  confidence  in  him,  both  as  a  friend  and  as 
a  brave,  accomplished,  loyal  officer  —  one  on  whose  judgment 
and  discretion  I  placed  the  greatest  reliance.  By  his  judicious, 
forbearing,  and  yet  firm  course  of  conduct,  he  was  enabled  to 
overcome  all  prejudices  against  him  in  his  regiment,  and  his 
death  was  sincerely  regretted  by  all.  While  mourning  his  loss, 
you  have  the  consolation  of  knowing  that  he  fell  a  Christian 
and  patriot  gallantly  defending  the  honor  of  his  country." 

BKIGADIEK-GENERAL  BEEOTH   B.   EGGLESTON. 

Beroth  Ballard  Eggleston  was  born  in  Corinth,  Saratoga 
County,  New  York,  July  14,  1818.  He  attended  the  district 
school  in  winter  until  fifteen  years  old,  then  his  father  moved 
to  New  Plymouth,  Ohio,  where  Beroth  clerked  in  a  store  for  a 
short  time,  when  he  went  to  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  and  apprenticed 
himself  for  four  years  to  D.  Adams  &  Co.  He  afterwards  em 
barked  in  the  dry  goods  business,  but  this  proved  unsatisfactory. 
He  studied  law  three  years  and  then  traveled  through  the  coun 
try,  doing  a  large  collecting  and  pettifogging  business.  From 
that  he  turned  his  attention  to  the  lumber  business  with  Mr. 
Massie,  of  Massieville.  While  here  he  received  from  President 
Fillmore  the  appointment  of  Postmaster  and  retained  the  office 
three  j^ears.  After  Mr.  Massie's  death  he  entered  into  partner 
ship  with  Job  Stevenson  and  engaged  in  farming,  which  he 
gave  up  in  June,  1861,  to  begin  the  career  of  a  soldier.  He 
married,  in  1844,  Martha  M.  Phillips,  of  Chillicothe.  'Five  chil 
dren  were  born  of  this  union  —  Arthur,  Edward,  Clara,  Mary 
and  Laura.  Mrs.  Eggleston  died  in  Mississippi  in  1867.  Gen 
eral  Eggleston  died  in  Wichita,  Kansas,  May  27,  1890. 

After  leaving  the  army  General  Eggleston  became  a  citizen 
of  Mississippi.  He  settled  on  a  plantation  and  soon  became 
engaged  in  politics.  At  the  Constitutional  Convention  he  was 
elected  its  President,  and  remained  so  until  its  close.  He  was 
the  first  Governor  elected  in  Mississippi  after  the  war,  but  as 
Congress  would  not  then  re-admit  the  state,  he  did  not  take  his 
seat.  He  was  then  appointed  Collector  of  Internal  Revenue. 
Then  he  bought  the  gas-works  in  Columbus,  Miss.,  and  in  1878 
he  sold  out  all  interest  in  Mississippi  and  moved  to  Wichita, 
Kansas,  where  he  lived  until  his  death. 

He  enlisted  in  Company  E,  First  O.  V.  C.,  August  8,  1861, 
and  was  promoted  to  Captain,  August  29,  1861;  promoted  to 
Major,  June  20,  1862;  to  Colonel,  April  1,  1863;  Brevet  Brig 
adier-General,  March  13,  18G5,  and  was  mustered  out  with  his 


-375— 


regiment  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  September  13,  1865.  Colonel 
Eggleston  was  with  the  regiment  almost  continuously  from  the 
time  of  its  organization  until  the  regiment  was  mustered  out; 
and  on  the  Atlanta  Campaign,  when  Colonel  Long,  who  com 
manded  the  brigade,  was  wounded,  August  20,  1864,  he  was 
assigned  to  the  command  of  the  brigade,  which  he  commanded 
until  the  close  of  that  campaign.  In  the  cavalry  campaign  under 
General  Wilson,  in  the  spring  of  1865,  he  commanded  the  regi 
ment  and  received  the  surrender  of  Atlanta  at  the  end  of  that 
campaign.  The  fact  that  he  served  more  than  four  years  is 
sufficient  evidence  of  his  patriotism,  and  his  promotion  from  a 
private  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-General  shows  without  com 
ment  that  he  was  an  officer  of  ability  and  that  he  had  the  con 
fidence  of  the  distinguished  soldiers  under  whom  he  served. 
After  the  surrender  of  Atlanta  he  proceeded  with  his  regiment 
to  Orangeburg,  S.  C.,  and  was  appointed  by  General  Gilmore 
Chief  of  Staff  for  the  department,  which  position  he  held  until 
mustered  out. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONEL    VALENTINE    CUPP. 

Valentine  Cupp  was  born  June  30,  1830,  at  Pleasantville, 
Fairfield  County,  Ohio,  and  was  married  March  12, 1850,  to  Han 
nah  Winter  of  same  county.  Four  children  survive  him.  He  was 
a  farmer  and  stock  dealer  up  to  the  time  of  entering  the  service. 
Died  September  20  at  battle  of  Chickamauga,  was  buried  there, 
and  was  afterwards  removed  to  Greenlawn,  Columbus,  Ohio. 

He  was  commissioned  Captain  of  Company  F,  First  O.  V. 
C.,  September  5,  1861;  promoted  to  Major,  December  31,  1862, 
and  to  Lieutenant-Colonel,  April  1,  1863.  Killed  at  battle  of 
Chickamauga,  Ga.,  September  20,  1863. 

Colonel  Cupp,  as  a  Captain  and  in  all  the  grades  through 
which  he  served,  was  one  of  the  most  popular  officers  in  the 
regiment.  He  was  at  all  times  and  under  all  circumstances 
the  same  genial,  high-toned  gentleman  and  true  soldier.  Kind- 
hearted  to  a  fault,  and  if  he  had  occasion  to  discipline  or  punish 
a  soldier,  he  was  sure  to  pay  him  back  tenfold  by  some  act  of 
kindness  the  first  opportunity  that  offered.  He  served  in  the 
regiment  two  years  and  fifteen  days,  at  the  front  at  all  times, 
and  commanded  the  regiment  through  the  Tullahoma  and  Chick 
amauga  Campaign  with  distinction.  It  is  sufficient  to  say  of 
his  service  that  he  never  shirked  any  duty  and  was  held  in 
high  esteem  by  General  Thomas  and  General  Long. 

On  the  beautiful  Sabbath  day,  September  20,  1863,  with 
drawn  saber,  amid  the  carnage  among  the  pines  of  bloody  Chick 
amauga,  he  fell  mortally  wounded  at  the  head  of  the  regiment 
he  loved  so  well.  He  was  removed  from  the  field  by  Surgeon 
Wirth  back  to  Crawfish  Springs  and  died  the  same  evening  in 
the  southeast  parlor  of  the  Lee  House  about  4  P.  M. 


—376— 

BBIGADIEB-GENERAL  THOMAS   C.   H.    SMITH. 

Colonel  Smith  was  born  at  Acushnet,  Mass.,  in  1819  and 
died  at  Nordhoff,  Cal.,  April  8,  1897.  He  graduated  at  Harvard 
in  1841  with  distinguished  reputation  for  force  of  character. 
On  leaving  college  he  went  to  Ohio  and  took  up  his  residence 
at  Marietta,  and  began  the  study  of  law.  He  completed  his 
course  and  practiced  in  Cincinnati  until  1848.  In  1847  he  mar 
ried  Lucy  Woodbridge,  of  Marietta,  Ohio.  In  1848  he  completed 
a  telegraph  line  from  Pittsburg  to  Cincinnati,  and  another  line 
from  Sandusky,  Ohio,  to  New  Orleans,  and  in  1851  again  re 
sumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Cincinnati. 

August  23,  1861,  he  was  commissioned  Lieutenant-Colonel 
of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry.  He  served  with  the  First  Ohio  Cav 
alry  in  the  fall  of  1861  and  through  the  winter  of  1862  in  Ken 
tucky,  and  participated  with  his  regiment  in  the  siege  of  Cor 
inth  after  the  battle  of  Pittsburg  Landing  and  until  June,  1862. 
He  was  then  promoted  to  Brigadier-General,  to  date  from 
November  29,  1862,  and  was  transferred  to  the  staff  of  General 
Pope,  and  served  with  General  Pope  during  his  campaign,  while 
in  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  the  summer  of  1862, 
afterwards  accompanying  General  Pope  to  Minnesota.  In  1863 
he  commanded  the  District  of  Wisconsin,  performing  important 
service  in  subduing  the  resistance  to  the  draft. 

His  last  war  service  was  as  commander  of  the  Department 
of  Missouri.  During  Hayes'  administration  he  served  in  the 
Treasury  Department  in  1878  and  was  appointed  Paymaster  and 
Major  in  the  regular  army.  He  was  retired  from  the  army  in 
1883,  at  the  age  of  sixty-four,  and  resided  in  California  until 
he  died. 

Colonel  Smith  was  a  gentleman  of  high  character  and  fine 
executive  ability.  He  served  with  the  First  Ohio  about  ten 
months  and  was  a  brave  and  very  efficient  officer,  full  of  zeal 
and  patriotic  ardor.  During  his  service  with  the  regiment  he 
was  highly  respected  by  both  officers  and  soldiers,  and  he  was 
mentioned  in  special  orders  by  General  Buell  for  bravery  and 
military  ability  while  in  command  of  a  detachment  of  the  First 
Ohio  in  a  fight  at  Booneville,  Miss.,  in  June,  1862. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONEL    THOMAS    J.    PATTIN. 

Thomas  Jefferson  Pattin  was  born  on  a  farm  on  the  Ohio 
River  about  six  miles  below  Marietta,  Ohio,  October  11,  1823. 
His  father's  name  was  Thomas  Pattin,  and  his  mother's  maiden 
name  was  Nancy  Cole. 

He  learned  the  mechanic's  trade  after  receiving  a  district 
school  education,  and  in  1850  went  to  California  by  the  Nic- 
arauga  route,  but  not  meeting  the  success  hoped  for  in  the  land 
of  gold,  returned  in  1851  to  Marietta,  Ohio,  where  he  married 


—377— 

Ann  Eliza  Locker,  and  shortly  afterwards  became  a  member  of 
the  firm  of  Putnam,  Poole  &  Co.,  manufacturers  of  wooden  ware, 
hardware  and  machinery.  He  continued  in  this  business  until 
the  breaking  out  of  the  war.  After  the  war  he  became  con 
nected  with  a  firm  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  the  manufacture  of 
sugar  mills  and  bells,  and  while  returning  from  a  trip  to  Louis 
ville  was  killed  in  a  railroad  accident  on  the  Louisville  &  Nash 
ville  E.  R,  January  7,  1870.  He  left  three  sons  and  one  daugh 
ter  —  W.  S.  and  D.  P.  Pattin,  manufacturers  of  Marietta,  Ohio, 
Dr.  Thomas  Pattin,  who  died  in  1896,  and  Miss  Louanna  Pattin, 
now  living  with  her  mother  at  Marietta,  Ohio. 

He  was  commissioned  Captain  of  Company  L,  First  O.  V. 
C.,  September  16,  1861;  promoted  to  Major,  December  31,  1862; 
to  Lieutenant-Colonel,  September  20,  1863,  and  mustered  out 
November  25,  1864,  at  Louisville,  Ky.  Colonel  Pattin  was  with 
the  regiment  continuously  for  more  than  three  years,  and  the 
history  of  the  regiment  during  that  period  is  the  history  of  his 
service.  He  was  a  gallant  officer,  brave  and  full  of  that  reck 
less  dash  necessary  for  a  good  cavalry  soldier.  He  was  always 
at  the  front,  and  no  officer  in  the  regiment  had  the  confidence 
of  the  men  in  a  greater  degree  than  Colonel  Pattin. 

MAJOE   D.    A.    B.    MOOEE. 

Major  D.  A.  B.  Moore  yielded  up  his  life  in  the  service  of 
his  country,  having  been  mortally  wounded  in  the  battle  of 
Stone  Eiver.  He  was  born  October  9,  1821,  at  Newark,  Ohio, 
and  was  the  son  of  Moses  Moore,  one  of  Newark's  first  pioneers 
and  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812. 

Major  Moore,  being  an  only  son,  received  the  full  name  of 
his  grandfathers,  David  Moore  and  Alexander  Blackburn.  He 
subscribed  himself  as  D.  A.  B.  Moore,  but  was  familiarly  known 
to  his  friends  as  "Blackburn,"  or  as  "Black  Moore." 

In  May,  1847,  he  entered  the  service  of  our  government,  in 
the  war  with  Mexico,  as  First  Lieutenant  of  the  Licking  Eangers, 
a  mounted  company  which  served  throughout  the  war. 

In  1856  Governor  Salmon  P.  Chase  commissioned  him  Cap 
tain  of  the  Newark  Guards,  which  office  he  retained  until  the 
disbandment  of  the  Guards  in  1860. 

When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  he  raised  a  company  in 
Newark  and  Licking  County,  and  on  the  fifth  of  August  received 
his  commission  as  Captain  of  Company  D  in  the  first  regiment 
of  cavalry  that  volunteered  from  the  state  of  Ohio.  Captain 
Moore  served  as  Major  some  months  previous  to  his  appoint 
ment,  which  was  made  by  Governor  Todd  in  September,  1862. 

He  fell  in  the  battle  of  Stone  Eiver,  December  31,  1862, 
wounded  by  a  piece  of  shell,  and  died  in  hospital  at  Murfrees- 
borough,  Tennessee,  on  the  third  of  January,  1863.  During  that 
period  the  tide  of  battle  turned  and  hospital  and  field  had  been 


—378— 

taken  by  the  enemy,  but  through  the  kindness  and  courtesy  of 
a  Confederate  Colonel,  into  whose  hands  Major  Moore's  personal 
effects  fell,  his  official  documents,  private  papers  and  personal 
effects  were  forwarded  to  his  widow,  and  upon  the  back  of  his 
commission  as  Major  was  written:  "Major  Moore  died  in  Con 
federate  hospital,  January  3,  1863,  at  Murfreesborough,  Tenn. 
He  was  wounded  in  the  head,  the  ball  entering  the  center  of 
the  forehead.  E.  C.  Tyler,  Col.  and  Pro.  General." 

After  nearly  six  weeks  had  elapsed,  cluring  which  time  the 
Federal  army  had  regained  its  lost  position,  the  remains  of 
Major  Moore  were  disinterred  and  brought  by  loving  friends  to 
Newark,  where  they  are  now  resting  in  the  peaceful  shade  of 
Cedar  Hill  Cemetery. 

He  was  deeply  imbued  with  the  military  spirit  and  early 
developed  those  soldierly  qualifications  which  distinguished 
him  in  life  and  brought  him  a  soldier's  death.  He  died  at  the 
age  of  forty-one  years,  having  enjoyed  a  brief  but  an  active 
career. 

MAJOE    JOHN    C.    FEANKENBEEGEE. 

John  Corwan  Frankenberger  grew  to  manhood  at  Sidney, 
Ohio,  where  he  was  born  September  13,  1829.  He  was  attacked 
with  the  gold  fever  of  1849  and  went  in  search  of  riches  by  way 
of  New  York,  the  Atlantic  Ocean,  Mexico,  the  Pacific  Ocean 
and  the  Golden  Gate  to  California.  He  could  not  become  accli 
mated,  and  returned  as  penniless  as  he  went.  At  the  breaking 
out  of  the  war  he  was  handling  the  agency  for  the  Wheeler  & 
Wilson  Sewing  Machine,  at  Dayton,  Ohio,  and  at  its  close 
entered  the  same  business  again.  He  died  at  Toledo,  Ohio, 
May  22,  1879,  at  which  time  he  was  connected  with  the  Daily 
Bee.  He  was  laid  away  beside  the  remains  of  his  wife  and  only 
son  at  Sidney,  May  24,  1879,  leaving  two  daughters. 

He  was  appointed  Quartermaster  of  the  First  O.  V.  C.,  Sep 
tember  11,  1861,  and  was  promoted  to  Captain  of  Company  G 
June  6,  1862,  and  to  Major,  September  20,  1863.  Mustered  out 
January  11,  1865.  Major  Frankenberger,  as  Quartermaster  of 
the  regiment,  was  a  very  industrious  and  efficient  officer,  and 
commanded  Company  G  from  June  6, 1862,  until  after  the  battle 
of  Chickamauga.  He  was  a  brave  and  gallant  officer,  and  he 
never  was  more  at  home  than  when  riding  at  the  head  of  his 
command,  not  waiting  for  the  enemy  to  find  him,  but  looking 
for  the  enemy.  On  the  Chickamauga  Campaign,  Companies  G 
and  M  were  in  the  same  squadron  and  held  the  ford  on  Chick 
amauga  Creek  at  the  extreme  right  of  our  line.  Major  Franken 
berger  was  very  highly  complimented  for  bravery  in  this  action 
and  was  immediately  promoted  to  Major.  At  the  beginning  of 
the  Atlanta  Campaign  he  met  wTith  an  accident  by  falling  and 
injuring  his  ankle  so  that  he  was  prevented  from  taking  part 


—379— 

in  the  Atlanta  Campaign,  much  to  his  regret,  and  he  never  fully 
recovered  from  this  injury.  During  the  summer  of  1864  he  had 
command  of  the  dismounted  cavalry  at  Columbia,  Tenu. 

MAJOR    MARTIN    BUCK. 

Major  Martin  Buck  was  born  at  Northfield,  Vermont,  Feb 
ruary  4,  1822.  He  was  the  son  of  Chester  and  Dina  Buck.  Early 
in  life  he  went  to  Montreal,  Canada,  and  engaged  with  his  uncle 
in  the  milling  business.  At  the  breaking  out  of  the  Canadian 
insurrection  he  commenced  his  military  career  as  a  volunteer 
in  the  Queen's  service.  Returning  to  the  United  States  on  July 
20,  1848,  he  became  Adjutant  of  the  Sixty-fifth  Regiment  New 
York  Infantry  and  went  to  the  Mexican  War.  For  meritorious 
conduct  he  was  promoted  to  a  Captaincy.  After  the  close  of 
the  Mexican  War  he  lived  in  Aspinwall  and  also  in  Cuba.  He 
came  to  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  and  was  engaged  in  milling  at  the 
breaking  out  of  the  war  in  1861.  He  organized  Company  H, 
First  O.  V.  C.,  August  14,  1861,  was  promoted  to  Major,  Decem 
ber  31,  1862,  and  resigned  February  1,  1863.  Major  Buck,  hav 
ing  served  in  the  British  army  in  Canada  during  the  insurrection, 
and  also  having  served  as  an  officer  during  the  Mexican  War, 
was  well  versed  in  military  matters  at  the  breaking  out  of  the 
war  of  the  rebellion.  He  was  an  excellent  officer,  and  served 
with  the  regiment  through  the  campaign  in  Kentucky  in  the 
winter  of  1861,  the  campaign  of  Pittsburg  Landing,  and  the 
retreat  of  BuelFs  army  up  through  Kentucky  and  Tennessee 
in  the  fall  of  1862.  When  the  regiment  left  Nashville  a  few 
days  before  the  battle  of  Stone's  River,  Major  Buck,  being  sick, 
was  compelled  to  remain  in  the  camp  at  Nashville;  but  on  the 
thirty-first  day  of  December,  the  day  that  Colonel  Millikin  was 
killed,  he  left  Nashville  and  went  to  the  front,  and  after  the 
death  of  Colonel  Millikin,  Major  Buck  commanded  the  regiment 
until  the  next  day,  when  he  was  relieved  by  Major  Laughlin. 
He  was  a  thorough  military  man,  had  the  respect  of  every  officer 
of  the  regiment,  and  was  compelled,  by  reason  of  his  ill  health, 
to  resign. 

MAJOR    JAMES    NICHOLAS    SCOTT. 

James  Nicholas  Scott,  son  of  Dr.  Joseph  Scott,  an  eminent 
physician  of  Lexington,  Ky.,  was  born  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  March 
17,  1828. 

He  came  to  Ohio  in  1848,  engaged  in  farming  and  stock 
raising  in  Ohio  and  afterwards  in  Texas.  He  returned  to  Ohio 
the  year  before  the  war.  In  1853  he  married  Sarah,  daughter 
of  Mr.  John  Woodbridge,  of  Chillicothe,  Ohio. 

He  never  entirely  recovered  his  health  after  the  war,  and 
through  his  rapid  failing  health  he  was  unable  to  engage  in 
any  business,  and  died  April  5,  1867,  while  on  a  visit  to  his 
sisters  in  Lexington,  Ky. 


—380— 

Major  Scott  enlisted  in  Company  M,  First  O.  V.  C.,  August 
30,  1861,  and  was  promoted  to  Captain  October  1,  1861,  and 
Major  April  1,  1863.  Mustered  out  September  13,  1865.  Major 
Scott  was  very  active  in  all  the  campaigns  of  the  regiment, 
excepting  when  he  was  sick,  up  to  and  including  the  campaign 
of  Chickamauga.  After  that  date,  by  reason  of  ill  health,  he 
was  absent  from  the  regiment  for  some  time.  He  was  an  officer 
of  intense  bravery,  and  was  always  with  the  regiment  at  the 
front  when  there  was  any  prospect  of  a  fight. 

He  commanded  a  battalion  of  the  First  Ohio  Cavalry  at 
Cotton  Port  on  the  thirtieth  clay  of  September,  1863,  where 
General  Wheeler  forced  a  crossing  at  the  ford  when  starting 
on  his  great  raid  through  Tennessee.  In  this  fight  he  defended 
his  position  for  some  time  against  the  large  force  of  General 
Wheeler,  and  several  of  his  command  were  wounded  and  taken 
prisoner. 

CAPTAIN    LAFAYETTE    PICKERING. 

Captain  Lafayette  Pickering,  son  of  James  Pickering,  was 
born  near  Pickerington,  Fairfield  County,  Ohio,  April  30,  1828, 
and  died  December  14,  1866,  near  the  spot  where  he  was  born. 

In  the  year  1848  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mar 
garet  Winter,  near  Pleasantville,  Fairfield  County,  Ohio.  Dur 
ing  the  late  war,  when  his  country  called  for  help,  he  promptly 
responded  and  enlisted  September  5,  1861,  for  three  years  in 
Company  F,  First  Regiment  Ohio  Cavalry.  On  the  organization 
of  his  company  he  was  elected  First  Lieutenant,  and  soon  after 
the  regiment  was  ordered  into  service  he  was  promoted  to  Cap 
tain,  December  31,  1862,  in  which  office  he  served  faithfully 
until  December  20,  1864,  and  was  mustered  out  by  reason  of 
the  expiration  of  his  term  of  service. 

He  participated  with  the  regiment  in  all  of  the  battles  of 
the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  was  severely  wounded  at 
the  battle  of  Noonday  Creek,  Ga.,  June  16,  1864.  His  death  was 
caused  by  camp  fever,  contracted  in  the  service.  He  was  one 
of  the  best  officers  of  the  regiment,  and  was  highly  respected 
by  every  officer  and  soldier.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was 
a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  said  to  his  wife  a  few  days 
before  his  death,  when  he  felt  that  the  end  was  near,  "The  harder 
the  battle,  the  brighter  the  victory."  He  left  a  widow  and  two 
boys  at  the  time  of  his  death. 

CAPTAIN  GEORGE   F.   CONN. 

George  F.  Conn  was  born  in  Coshocton  County,  Ohio,  October 
30,  1836,  and  was  a  teacher  before  the  war.  Studied  dentistry 
after  leaving  the  army.  Died  at  Soldiers'  Home  (National)  at 
Milwaukee,  Wis.,  October  13,  1886. 

Captain  Conn  was  appointed  First  Lieutenant  of  Company 


381— 

B,  First  O.  V.  C.,  August  17, 1861,  and  was  promoted  to  Captain, 
June  10,  1862,  and  resigned  September  20,  1864.  Company  B 
left  Camp  Chase  about  October  1,  1861,  and  about  two  months 
before  the  balance  of  the  regiment  left  for  the  front.  It  was 
sent  on  an  expedition  against  Humphrey  Marshall  and  had  a 
sharp  fight  at  Liberty,  Ky.,  before  the  balance  of  the  regiment 
arrived.  Captain  Conn  was  with  his  command  almost  contin 
uously  during  his  three  years  service,  and  commanded  his  com 
pany  after  Captain  Laughlin  was  promoted  to  Major.  While 
in  command  of  his  company  at  Washington,  East  Tennessee, 
defending  a  ford  against  the  crossing  of  General  Wheeler's 
forces,  September  30,  1863,  he  was  wounded  in  the  hand.  He 
was  then  sent  home  on  leave  of  absence  and  did  not  see  much 
further  active  service  on  account  of  his  health. 

CAPTAIN    HUGH    HICKS    SIVERD. 

Hugh  Hicks  Siverd  was  born  December  28,  1839,  near  Har- 
risburg,  Pennsylvania.  He  was  a  spinner  in  a  woolen  mill  when 
the  war  broke  out.  He  died  at  Winfield,  Kansas,  October  25, 
1895.  He  was  shot  and  killed  while  in  the  performance  of  official 
duty. 

Captain  Siverd  had  arrested  a  desperado  from  the  Indian 
Territory  for  some  crime,  and  as  he  was  taking  his  prisoner 
to  jail  one  of  the  desperado's  pals  met  them  on  the  street  and 
shot  Captain  Siverd,  killing  him  instantly.  He  was  held  in 
high  esteem  by  the  citizens  of  Winfield,  and  his  untimely  death 
was  mourned  by  hundreds  of  the  best  citizens.  As  a  testimonial 
to  his  memory,  the  citizens  of  Winfield  erected  a  beautiful  mon 
ument  over  his  grave. 

Captain  Siverd  enlisted  in  Company  B,  First  O.  V.  C.,  August 
21,  1861,  and  was  promoted  to  Sergeant-Major;  promoted  to 
Second  Lieutenant,  October  1,  1862;  First  Lieutenant,  April  1, 
1863;  to  Captain.  December  14,  1864,  and  was  mustered  out 
with  his  regiment  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  September  13,  1865, 
having  served  almost  one  month  more  than  four  years.  Cap 
tain  Siverd  was  an  ideal  cavalry  soldier,  full  of  dash,  with  an 
utter  disregard  of  danger,  and  at  all  times  full  of  enthusiasm. 
He  was  for  a  long  time  Provost  Officer  of  the  brigade,  and  many 
of  the  surviving  members  of  the  brigade  will  no  doubt  have 
a  very  distinct  recollection  that  at  some  time  during  their  ser 
vice  they  wrere  put  under  arrest  by  Captain  Siverd  for  straggling. 
He  was  one  of  the  best  known  young  officers  in  the  regiment, 
as  he  was  always  at  the  front,  and  where  there  was  a  fight 
or  any  prospect  of  a  fight,  Captain  Siverd  was  always  found 
in  line. 

LIEUTENANT  FRANK   P.    ALLEN. 

Franklin  Putnam  Allen  was  born  at  Darby  Creek,  Madison 
County,  Ohio,  August  31,  1841.  His  father,  William  Allen,  was 


—382— 

of  the  Ethan  Allen  family,  and  his  mother  Harriet  was  a  daugh 
ter  of  Joshua  Ewing,  also  of  revolutionary  stock,  and  the  first 
white  settler  of  Darby  Creek. 

He  enlisted  in  Company  K,  First  O.  V.  C.,  September  22, 
1861,  and  was  an  efficient  Corporal  and  Sergeant,  re-enlisted 
as  a  veteran,  was  on  non-commissioned  staff  as  Quartermaster- 
Sergeant,  and  later  was  commissioned  as  First  Lieutenant,  but 
died  without  learning  of  it.  He  was  a  much  loved  man  and 
officer,  trusty  and  intelligent,  and  was  a  fighting  soldier.  At 
Ebenezer  Church,  Ala.,  April  1,  1865,  as  he  laid  his  hand  on 
the  gun  of  a  rebel  battery,  hot  and  smoking,  claiming  it  as  his 
capture,  he  fell,  shot  through  the  groin.  He  lived  to  be  taken 
from  Selma  on  a  hospital  boat,  on  which  he  died  near  Cairo, 
111.,  May  25.  A  month  later  his  body  was  removed  to  the  home 
burial  ground  at  Plain  City,  Ohio.  His  parents  lie  beside  him 
now;  but  in  their  grief  they  rejoiced  in  the  message  he  left 
the  day  he  was  shot:  "If  you  get  home,  tell  pa  and  ma  it  is 
all  right  w^ith  me;  it  all  came  right  after  I  was  hit." 

LIEUTENANT    AMOS    D.    LEIB. 

Amos  David  Leib  was  born  near  Bremen,  Fairfield  County, 
Ohio,  on  January  12,  1827,  and  died  at  his  Island  Home  in  the 
same  county  December  14,  1892.  He  spent  his  childhood  days 
and  early  youth  under  his  parents'  guiding  care,  receiving  a 
good  country  school  education  and  taking  a  course  of  study  at 
the  Ohio  Wesleyan  University. 

At  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  was  a  salesman  at  Keokuk, 
Iowa.  After  the  war  he  filled  many  responsible  positions  in 
his  county  and  was  unswerving  in  his  connections  of  duty  as  a 
citizen.  The  deprivations  and  exposures  of  army  service  short 
ened  his  life  by  many  years.  In  1866  he  married  Elizabeth  Ann 
Pope,  of  Marysville,  Ohio,  who  still  survives  him  with  two  chil 
dren,  a  son  and  a  daughter. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity,  and  in  politics 
a  zealous  Republican. 

He  enlisted  in  Company  F,  First  O.  Y.  C.,  September  5, 
1861,  and  at  the  organization  of  the  company  was  appointed 
Quartermaster-Sergeant,  and  soon  afterward  was  promoted  to 
Battalion  Quartermaster-Sergeant  and  to  Second  Lieutenant, 
Company  I,  November  20,  1862;  to  First  Lieutenant  and  Regi 
mental  Commissary,  April  18,  1863,  and  mustered  out  January 
10,  1865.  Lieutenant  Leib  served  as  staff  officer  almost  con 
tinuously  during  his  term  of  service  and  was  a  prompt,  ener 
getic,  efficient  officer  and  had  the  confidence  of  his  superior  at 
all  times.  In  addition  to  his  duties  as  Commissary,  he  ren 
dered  important  service  during  active  campaigns  in  carrying 
orders  on  the  field,  and  was  always  ready  for  any  duty  required 
of  him.  He  was  twice  a  prisoner  of  war.  Once  he  was  taken 


—383— 

a  prisoner  on  a  train,  captured  by  Dick  McCann  near  Lavergne, 
Tenn.,  in,  April,  1863,  but  was  soon  paroled.  He  was  also  cap 
tured  by  General  Wheeler's  cavalry  while  carrying  dispatches 
near  Cotton  Port,  Tenn.,  September  30,  1863.  Johnnie  Clem 
was  a  prisoner  at  the  same  time,  and  when  they  were  paroled, 
Clem  accompanied  Lieutenant  Leib  to  his  home  in  Ohio.  When 
Colonel  Cupp  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Lieuten 
ant  Leib  had  his  body  taken  up  and  accompanied  the  remains 
home,  and  they  were  interred  in  Fairfield  County,  Ohio. 

LIEUTENANT    HARVEY    FERGUSON. 

Harvey  Ferguson  wras  born  April  26,  1829,  in  Ross  County, 
Ohio,  and  came  with  his  parents  to  Newark,  Licking  County, 
Ohio,  when  about  six  years  old,  where  he  ever  afterwards  re 
sided.  His  education  was  obtained  in  the  public  schools  of 
Newark.  After  leaving  school  he  learned  the  carpenter  trade 
with  his  father,  but  engaged  in  different  occupations  at  dif 
ferent  times.  Was  Sergeant-at-arms  two  terms  and  Postmaster 
one  term  in  the  House  of  Representatives,  Columbus,  Ohio.  In 
the  years  1851-2-3  was  Deputy  Clerk  in  Newark  Postoffice  under 
Postmaster  William  Bell  in  1855.  In  1856  and  1857  was  engaged 
in  the  grocery  business  w^ith  Enoch  Wilson,  Newark,  Ohio.  Was 
married  to  Mary  C.  Frey,  September  22,  1852.  Died  June  12, 
1876,  in  Newark,  Ohio. 

He  enlisted  in  Company  D,  First  O.  V.  C.,  as  private,  August 
5,  1861.  He  was  appointed  Sergeant  and  then  promoted  to 
Second  Lieutenant  of  Company  H,  April  18,  1863;  promoted  to 
First  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant,  to  date  from  May  25,  1864,  and 
was  mustered  out  November  25,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of 
service.  Lieutenant  Ferguson  served  continuously  with  the 
regiment  from  the  time  of  his  enlistment  until  he  was  discharged, 
and  had  special  qualifications  for  the  duties  of  a  staff  officer, 
as  he  was  quite  active,  a  good  clerk  and  a  fine-appearing  officer. 
Both  as  a  company  and  staff  officer  he  rendered  excellent  ser 
vice  throughout  the  war,  and  during  the  Atlanta  Campaign,  as 
Adjutant  of  the  regiment,  and  was  especially  active  in  all  of 
his  arduous  duties,  and  was  regarded  as  a  very  excellent  officer 
by  Colonel  Eggleston. 

LIEUTENANT  CHARLES   H.    GOODRICH. 

Charles  H.  Goodrich  was  born  at  Sharon,  Ohio,  on  Jan 
uary  20,  1844.  Received  his  education  at  Sharon  College,  and 
afterwards  learned  the  printing  trade  in  the  Noble  County  Re 
publican  office  at  Caldwell,  Ohio. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  followed  the  occupation  of  a 
newspaper  publisher  until  November  of  1889,  he  having  received 
the  appointment  of  door-keeper  of  the  National  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  at  Washington,  D.  C. ;  but  later  he  was  transferred 


—384- 

lo  a  more  lucrative  position  iu  the  U.  S.  Treasury  Department. 
He  died  August  31,  1892,  at  Washington,  D.  C.  He  published 
during  his  newspaper  career  The  Noble  County  Kepublican, 
Caldwell,  Ohio;  The  Miller  County  Monitor,  California,  Mo.; 
The  Newcomerstown  Argus,  Newcomerstown,  Ohio;  The  Cald 
well  Press,  Caldwell,  Ohio;  The  Monroe  Gazette,  Woodsfield, 
Ohio;  The  Troy  Chronicle  and  Daily  Trojan,  Troy,  Ohio. 

He  enlisted  in  Company  D,  First  O.  V.  C.,  August  5,  1861; 
appointed  Corporal,  and  October  2,  1862,  appointed  Sergeant; 
appointed  First  Sergeant  and  commissioned  as  First  Lieutenant, 
Company  M,  June  28,  1865;  mustered  out  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
July  12,  1865,  having  served  within  twenty-three  days  of  four 
years.  He  was  a  good  soldier  and  wron  his  bars  by  hard  ser 
vice  in  the  field. 

LIEUTENANT    JOHN    M.    EENICK. 

John  M.  Renick,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Renick,  was 
born  near  Chillicothe,  Eoss  County,  Ohio,  October  1,  1831.  His 
occupation  before  entering  the  service  was  that  of  a  farmer. 
Died  at  Corinth,  Miss.,  May  28,  1862. 

He  was  appointed  Second  Lieutenant  of  Company  M,  August 
30,  1861,  and  served  with  the  regiment  through  the  campaign 
in  Kentucky  in  the  winter  of  1861  and  1862;  he  was  also  through 
the  campaign  of  the  siege  of  Corinth  in  April  and  May,  1862, 
and  on  that  campaign  he  contracted  the  disease  from  which 
he  died.  Lieutenant  Renick  was  a  gentleman  of  high  character, 
and  had  his  life  been  spared,  would  no  doubt  have  made  his 
mark  in  the  regiment,  as  he  was  very  much  attached  to  the 
service.  He  was  buried  with  military  honors,  this  being  the 
first  military  funeral  of  any  officer  in  the  regiment. 

BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  ELI  LONG. 

Graduated  at  Military  School  near  Frankfort,  Kentucky 
(in  charge  of  Colonel  E.  W.  Morgan,  a  distinguished  graduate 
of  the  Military  Academy  at  West  Point  in  the  class  of  General 
Benham),  in  the  month  of  June,  1855.  At  the  instance  of  Hon. 
James  Guthrie,  of  Kentucky,  he  was  appointed  Second  Lieu 
tenant  in  the  First  U.  S.  Cavalry.  Joined  his  regiment  at 
Lecompton,  Kansas,  on  recruiting  service,  and  stationed  at  New- 
Albany,  Indiana,  during  the  winter  of  1S56-'5T.  Rejoined  his 
regiment  in  April,  1857,  was  with  it  on  the  Cheyenne  Expedi 
tion,  in  the  summer  of  1857.  He  served  on  the  frontier  at  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Fort  Riley,  Fort  Lyon,  and  other  points,  partici 
pating  in  a  number  of  hard  and  dangerous  expeditions  against 
the  Indians,  and  when  the  war  of  the  rebellion  commenced 
he  was  stationed  at  Fort  Lyon. 

In  August,  1861,  he  prevented  serious  loss  and  damage  to 
the  Government  by  surprising  and  capturing  near  Fort  Lyon, 


-385—    - 

without  firing  a  shot,  a  well  armed  and  equipped  company  of  thir 
ty-eight  men  and  fifty  or  sixty  animals,  enroute  from  Denver  City 
to  join  Price  in  Missouri.     General  Long  was  promoted  in  his 
regiment  to  First  Lieutenant,  March  21,  and  to  Captain,  May 
24,  1861.     With  one  squadron  of  his  regiment  he  went  from 
Fort  Lyon  to  Fort  Leavenworth,  in  December,  1861.     In  Feb 
ruary,  1862,  reported  with  the  same  squadron  for  duty  to  Gen 
eral  Buell   at  Louisville,  Ky.     Participated   in   the  battle   of 
Chaplain  Hills,  near  Perryville,  Ky.     Kemained  on  duty  with 
his  regiment  as  General  Rosecrans'  escort  until  the  battle  of 
Stone  River,  where  he  was  wounded  by  a  ball  in  the  left  shoulder 
while  leading  his  company  in  the  charge  made  by  his  regiment  on 
the  thirty-first  of  December,  1862.  Through  the  recommendations 
of  General  Rosecrans  and  General  D.  S.  Stanley  he  was  appointed 
Colonel  of  the  Fourth  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry.    He  participated 
in  the  operations  of  the  cavalry  from  that  time  until  the  battle 
of  Chickamauga,  where  his  brigade  was  used  very  roughly,  los 
ing  one  hundred  and  thirty-four  officers  and  men  out  of  nine 
hundred,  killed,  wounded  and  missing  (most  of  them  of  the  first 
two  classes),  in    very  short  time.     He  commanded  his  brigade 
in  the  pursuit  of  the  rebel  General  Wheeler  from  the  Tennessee 
River,  at  Washington,  East  Tennessee,  to  the  Tennessee  River 
at  Lamb's  Ferry.     There  is  no  doubt  about  the  fact  that  the 
division  of  which  Colonel  Long's  brigade  formed  a  part  was  the 
means  of  keeping  Chattanooga  in  our  possession  by  its  rapid 
pursuit  and  successful  engagements  w^ith  General  Wheeler's 
command,  thus  preventing  him  from  destroying  the  communi 
cations  of  our  army. 

Colonel  Long  commanded  and  led  his  brigade  in  a  charge 
at  McMinnville  and  at  Farmington,  Tenn.,  at  both  of  which 
places  the  enemy  was  badly  defeated,  losing  at  the  last  named 
place  three  or  four  hundred  prisoners  and  three  pieces  of  artil 
lery,  and  losing  on  the  trip  over  one  thousand  prisoners.  Colonel 
Long's  horse  was  shot  at  McMinnville,  and  both  horse  and  rider 
were  shot  at  Farmington.  During  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge, 
Colonel  Long,  in  command  of  fifteen  hundred  cavalry,  marched 
to  Cleveland,  East  Tennessee,  destroying  thirty  miles  of  the 
Knoxville  and  Chattanooga  Railroad,  burning  a  valuable  cap 
factory  and  rolling  mill  at  Cleveland,  capturing  and  destroying 
a  wagon  train  of  eighty-two  wagons,  and  capturing  three  hun 
dred  and  twenty-two  prisoners,  with  which  he  returned  to  Chat 
tanooga  within  three  days  after  leaving  there.  Shortly  aft^r 
this,  with  the  same  command,  he  reported  to  General  Sherman 
and  marched  two  days  in  advance  of  his  infantry  column  into 
Knoxville,  thence  through  the  western  part  of  North  Caro 
lina  into  Northern  Georgia,  having  marched  four  hundred  and 
sixty-three  miles  in  seventeen  marching  days,  with  little  food 
for  the  stock  and  less  for  the  men.  Soon  after  returning  to 


—386— 

Calhoun  he  administered  a  severe  castigation  to  General 
Wheeler,  completely  routing  his  command  and  capturing  nearly 
five  hundred  stands  of  small  arms  and  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
seven  prisoners,  including  five  officers,  he  having  less  than  one 
hundred  and  fifty  men  in  his  column  when  he  made  the  charge. 

In  February,  1864,  he  participated  with  his  command  in 
the  reconnoissance  on  Dalton  with  the  Fourteenth  Army  Corps, 
having  several  sharp  skirmishes.  From  thence,  in  March,  he  had 
a  leave  of  absence  for  a  month.  Rejoined  his  brigade  in  Colum 
bia,  Tenn.,  where  it  had  been  ordered  to  refit.  Superintended  its 
remount  and  refitting,  and  marched  in  the  month  of  May  south, 
joining  the  Seventeenth  Army  Corps,  under  General  Blair,  at 
Decatur,  Alabama,  and  marching  thence  with  him  to  Kingston, 
Georgia  (enroute  badly  defeating  the  rebel  General  Koddy  and 
his  command  at  Moulton,  Alabama,  capturing  a  number  of 
prisoners  from  him),  where  he  joined  the  main  army  under  Gen 
eral  Sherman  and  participated  from  that  time  in  all  or  nearly 
all  of  the  operations  of  the  army  up  to  the  twenty-first  of  August, 
1864,  when  he  was  wounded  in  the  right  leg  and  arm,  his  horse 
being  shot  in  the  head  at  the  same  time,  on  the  raid  of  General 
Kilpatrick,  near  Lovejoy  Station,  south  of  Atlanta.  He  was 
appointed  Brigade  General  of  Volunteers,  August  18,  1864. 

Returning  from  a  leave  of  absence,  owing  to  his  wounds, 
he  rejoined  his  command  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  November,  1864, 
when  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Second  Division 
of  Cavalry  Corps,  M.  D.  M.  Returning  to  his  command  at 
Louisville,  Ky.,  in  a  very  disorganized  condition,  partially  un 
avoidably  so,  and  partially  owing  to  Circular  75,  War  Depart 
ment,  1864,  having  deprived  the  command  of  over  half  its 
officers.  The  division  was  remounted,  armed  and  equipped,  and 
left  the  place  on  the  twenty-eighth  of  December,  1864,  in  better 
condition  than  it  had  ever  been.  He  started,  in  command  of 
his  division,  on  the  late  expedition  of  Brevet  Major-General 
Wilson,  through  Alabama  and  Georgia;  his  division,  twelve 
hundred  and  fifty  men  in  line,  dismounted,  attacked  and  cap 
tured  Selma,  Alabama,  on  the  second  of  April,  1865,  which 
was  defended  by  earthworks  intended  to  resist  infantry.  Thirty 
pieces  of  artillery  in  position,  with  three  or  four  thousand  of 
General  Forrest's  best  cavalry,  also  from  three  to  four  thousand 
militia,  twenty-seven  hundred  prisoners,  two  hundred  pieces  of 
artillery  in  the  works  and  arsenals,  and  a  vast  amount  of 
materials  of  war  were  captured  at  this  place.  Many  persons 
think  this  the  handsomest  thing  done  by  cavalry  during  the 
war.  The  works  were  taken  within  twenty-five  minutes  after 
the  advance  was  sounded.  But  three  hundred  and  twenty 
officers  and  men  of  the  twelve  hundred  and  fifty  engaged  were 
killed  and  wounded. 

In  this  engagement  General  Long  was  wounded  by  a  bullet 


—387— 

on  the  top  and  right  side  of  his  head,  indenting  the  skull,  pro 
ducing  a  severe  concussion  of  the  brain,  arid  paralyzing  the 
tongue,  right  side  of  the  face  and  right  arm.  lie  still  suffers 
from  the  effects  of  this  wound,  and  the  recovery  of  the  use  of 
his  hand  is  extremely  doubtful. 

Throughout  the  war  he  never,  in  a  single  instance,  received 
aught  but  the  commendations  of  his  superior  officers,  and  the 
War  Department  has  shown  its  appreciation  of  his  services  by 
making  him  a  Brevet  Major-General  of  Volunteers,  and  Brevet 
Colonel,  U.  S.  A.,  from  the  thirteenth  of  March,  1865. 

General  Long  commanded  the  brigade  in  which  the  First 
Ohio  served  from  the  battle  of  Stone's  Kiver,  December  31,  1862, 
until  November,  1864,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  Second  Cavalry  Division,  Wilson's  Cavalry  Corps.  Gen 
eral  Long  was  held  in  high  esteem  by  the  officers  and  soldiers 
of  the  brigade  which  he  commanded  so  long,  and  it  may  be 
safely  said  that  no  officer  could  have  had  the  confidence  of 
his  command  in  a  greater  degree  than  he  had. 

MAJOE-GENEBAL    DAVID    S.    STANLEY. 

Born  in  Ohio  June  1,  1828;  retiring  year  1892;  appointed 
from  Ohio.  Graduated  M.  A.,  class  of  1852;  Brevet  Second 
Lieutenant,  Second  Dragoons,  July  1,  1852;  Second  Lieutenant, 
September  6,  1853;  Second  Lieutenant,  First  Cavalry,  March  3, 
1855;  Captain,  Fourth  Cavalry,  March  16,  1861;  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  of  Volunteers,  September  28,  1861;  Major-General  of  Volun 
teers,  November  29,  1862;  accepted  April  10,  1863;  honorably 
mustered  out  February  1,  1866;  Major,  Fifth  U.  S.  Cavalry, 
December  1,  1863;  Colonel  Twenty-second  Infantry,  July  28, 
1866;  Brigadier-General,  U.  S.  Army,  March  24,  1884. 

Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel,  U.  S.  Army,  December  31,  1862, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  the  battle  of  Stone  Eiver, 
Tenn;  Colonel,  May  15,  1864,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  ser 
vices  in  the  battle  of  Eesacca,  Ga.;  Brigadier-General,  March 
13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  the  battle  of 
Buff's  Station,  Ga.;  Major-General,  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Franklin,  Tenn. 

On  frontier  duty,  1852-1861,  serving  with  distinction  against 
Indians,  especially  the  Comanches.  He  commanded  a  division 
in  the  army  of  General  Eosecrans  at  the  battle  of  Corinth, 
October  4,  1862,  and  distinguished  himself  as  commander  of 
all  the  cavalry  at  the  battle  of  Stone  Eiver,  which  ended  Jan 
uary  2,  1863;  Chickamauga  Campaign,  September,  1863;  Mis 
sionary  Eidge,  November,  1863;  Atlanta  Campaign,  1864.  About 
August  1,  1864,  he  obtained  command  of  the  Fourth  Corps  in 
Sherman's  army.  Took  part  in  the  battle  of  Franklin,  Novem 
ber  30,  1864,  where  he  was  severely  wounded;  led  the  brigade 
which  restored  the  break  in  the  main  line,  which  had  just  been 


—388— 

penetrated  by  the  Confederate  forces.  In  1872-'73  he  commanded 
expeditions  in  Dakota  and  Montana.  Commissioned  to  locate 
Brule  Indians  under  Spotted  Tail,  and  Ogallalla  Indians  under 
Red  Cloud,  summer  of  1878.  Fort  Clark,  Texas,  from  1879  to 
1882;  1883,  headquarters  removed  to  Fort  Lewis,  Col;  engaged 
during  the  year  in  pacifying  semi-hostile  Navajo  Indians;  1884, 
headquarters  at  Santa  Fe;  commanding  Department  of  Texas 
from  1884  to  April  21,  1890. 

He  was  appointed  Chief  of  Cavalry,  Army  of  the  Cumber 
land,  in  November,  1862,  and  commanded  the  cavalry  of  that 
army  with  distinction  throughout  the  Stone  Elver,  Tullahoma 
and  Chickamauga  campaigns. 

Among  the  many  letters  of  recommendation  now  on  file 
in  the  War  Department  regarding  the  service  of  General  Stan 
ley,  we  only  have  room  to  quote  from  one  written  by  General 
Thomas  regarding  the  battle  of  Franklin,  Tenn. 

"It  was  here  that  his  personal  bravery  was  more  decidedly 
brought  out,  perhaps,  than  on  any  other  field,  and  the  terrible 
destruction  and  defeat,  which  disheartened  and  checked  the 
fierce  assaults  of  the  enemy  is  due  more  to  his  heroism  and  gal 
lantry  than  to  any  other  officer  on  the  field." 

MAJOR-GENERAL  JAMES  HARRISON  WILSON. 

Major-General  James  Harrison  Wilson  was  born  in  Shaw- 
neetown,  111.,  September  2,  1837,  and  was  educated  in  the  com 
mon  schools  and  McKendree  College,  and  graduated  from  West 
Point  in  1860.  Appointed  Second  Lieutenant  of  Topographical 
Engineers,  July  1,  1860;  First  Lieutenant,  September  9,  1861; 
Captain,  May  7,  1863;  Lieutenant-Colonel,  Thirty-fifth  Infantry, 
July  28,  1866;  discharged  December  31,  1870. 

He  was  also  breveted  in  the  regular  army;  Major,  April  11, 
1862;  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel,  November  24,  1864;  Brevet 
Colonel,  May  5,  1864;  Brevet  Brigadier-General,  March  13,  1865, 
and  Brevet  Major-General,  March  13,  1865.  All  of  these  promo 
tions  were  made  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  on  the 
battle-field"  during  the  Avar  of  the  rebellion. 

General  Wilson  was  Chief  of  the  Topographical  Engineers 
on  the  Port  Royal  Expedition,  including  bombardment  of  Fort 
Pulaski,  and  he  was  aid  on  the  staff  of  General  McClellan  at 
the  battle  of  South  Mountain,  and  was  Inspector-General  of 
the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  during  the  Yicksburg  Campaign  in 
1863.  He  was  with  General  Grant's  army  at  the  battle  of  Mis 
sionary  Ridge  and  relief  of  Knoxville  in  the  fall  of  1863.  For 
a  short  time  after  that  he  had  charge  of  the  Cavalry  Bureau 
at  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  was  then  appointed  to  the  command 
of  the  Third  Cavalry  Division  under  General  Sheridan  and 
served  in  that  capacity  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley  from  May 
to  August,  1864.  In  October,  1864,  he  was  assigned  to  command 


—389— 

the  cavalry  corps  of  the  Military  Division  of  the  Missisippi  under 
General  Thomas  at  Nashville,  Tenn.  lie  organized  the  cavalry 
of  that  department  very  rapidly  and  contributed  very  largely 
to  the  success  of  General  Thomas  at  the  battle  of  Nashville. 
After  the  battle  of  Nashville  he  organized  the  greatest  cavalry 
expedition  of  the  Civil  War,  and  through  the  months  of  March 
and  April,  1865,  made  a  raid  through  Alabama  and  Georgia, 
and  in  twenty-eight  days  captured  the  fortified  cities  of  Selma, 
Montgomery,  Columbus,  Ga.,  and  Macon,  Ga.,  capturing  twenty- 
three  stands  of  colors,  two  hundred  and  eighty-eight  pieces  of 
artillery  and  six  thousand  eight  hundred  and  twenty  prisoners, 
including  Jeff.  Davis. 

General  Wilson  has  recently  been  appointed  Major-General 
of  Volunteers  in  the  war  with  Spain. 

MAJOR-GENERAL  GEORGE    CROOK. 

George  Crook  was  born  in  Montgomery  County,  near  Day 
ton,  Ohio,  September  8,  1828.  Entered  West  Point  in  1848  and 
graduated  July  1,  1852.  He  was  appointed  Brevet  SelToncl  Lieu 
tenant  of  the  Fourth  U.  S.  Infantry.  Promoted  to  Second  Lieu 
tenant  in  1853;  to  First  Lieutenant,  March  11,  1853;  and  to 
Captain,  May  4,  1861.  Appointed  Colonel  of  .the  Thirty-sixth 
O.  V.  I.,  September  12,  1861,  and  was  promoted  to  Brigadier- 
General,  September  7,  1862,  and  served  in  the  Army  of  West 
Virginia  and  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  until  January,  1863. 
In  that  month  he  was  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the  Cumber 
land  and  commanded  the  Second  Cavalry  Division  under  Gen 
eral  Rosecrans  with  great  distinction  through  the  Chickamauga 
and  Chattanooga  campaign.  In  February,  1864,  he  was  again 
detached  from  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland  and  assigned  to 
the  command  of  the  Third  Division  in  West  Virginia.  During 
the  summer  of  1864  his  command  was  engaged  in  continuous 
fighting  in  Western  Virginia.  July  20,  1864,  he  was  breveted 
Major  General  for  distinguished  gallantry.  During  July  and 
August  his  army  operated  with  that  of  General  Sheridan,  and 
in  September  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Department 
of  West  Virginia.  In  all  of  the  campaigns  in  West  Virginia, 
and  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  General  Crook  commanded  with 
distinguished  ability,  and  in  January,  1865,  he  was  promoted  to 
a  full  Major  General. 

He  participated  in  all  the  movements  of  Sheridan's  Cavalry 
until  the  close  of  the  war,  and  in  the  eleven  days  preceding 
General  Lee's  surrender,  his  division  lost  one-third  of  its  number, 
killed  and  wounded.  After  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  District  of  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  which  he 
commanded  until  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  on  the 
15th  of  January,  1866.  After  the  close  of  the  war,  he  served 
on  the  frontier  fighting  the  Indians  for  a  number  of  years,  and 


—390— 

was  promoted  to  Brigadier-General,  October  29,  1873,  and  to 
Major-General,  April  G,  1888.  He  died  on  the  twenty-first  day  of 
March,  1890.  General  Crook  was  one  of  the  most  distinguished 
Cavalry  Commanders  of  the  war,  and  no  officer  of  the  Army  of 
the  Cumberland  had  the  confidence  of  the  Cavalry  in  a  greater 
degree  than  had  General  Crook. 

Whitelaw  Kied,  in  his  "Ohio  in  the  War,"  speaks  of  General 
Crook  in  the  great  Cavalry  Kaid  of  Wheeler  after  the  battle  of 
Chickamauga  as  follows:  "With  two  thousand  five  hundred 
men  he  drove  General  Wheeler  before  him,  and  in  three  battles 
routed  and  defeated  him,  capturing  all  his  artillery.  In  these 
battles  the  use  of  the  saber  was  first  introduced  in  the  Cavalry 
of  that  army,  and  General  Crook  was  thanked  in  orders  and  pri 
vately  both  by  General  Eosecrans  and  General  Thomas." 

GENEEAL  EMOEY  UPTON. 

General  Emory  Upton  commanded  the  Fourth  Division  of 
General  Wilson's  Cavalry  Corps,  in  which  the  First  Ohio  was 
brigaded  in  the  Cavalry  expedition  through  Alabama  and  Geor 
gia  in  March  and  April,  1865. 

He  was  a  brave,  dashing  young  officer  and  commanded  his 
division  with  great  skill  throughout  Wilson's  great  raid.  He 
died  in  California  a  number  of  years  ago. 

He  graduated  from  West  Point  and  was  appointed  Second 
Lieutenant  Fourth  U.  S.  Artillery,  May  6,  1861,  and  Colonel  of 
the  One  Hundred  and  Twenty-first  New  York  Volunteers  Octo 
ber  23,  1862.  For  meritorious  service  on  the  field  during  the 
war,  he  was  breveted  in  the  regular  army  as  Major  and  Lieuten 
ant-Colonel  and  Colonel.  He  was  promoted  to  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  of  Volunteers  May  12,  1864,  for  a  distinguished  service  at 
the  battle  of  the  Wilderness  and  breveted  Major-General  of  Vol 
unteers  October  19,  1864.  Breveted  Brigadier-General  U.  S.  A. 
and  breveted  Major-General  U.  S.  A.,  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  on  the  field  during  the  war.  After  the 
war  he  served  as  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  Twenty-fifth  U.  S. 
Infantry,  Eighteent  Infantry,  First  Artillery,  Fourth  Artillery, 
and  was  made  Colonel  of  the  Fourth  Artillery,  July  1,  1880. 

GENEEAL  ANDREW  J.  ALEXANDER. 

General  Andrew^  J.  Alexander  was  born  in  Woodford 
County,  Kentucky,  November  21,  1833.  He  married  Avelina 
Throop  Martin,  of  Auburn,  New  York.  He  was  educated  at  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  in  the  common  schools  and  afterward  attended  col 
lege  at  Danville,  Ky. 

When  the  war  of  the  rebellion  broke  out,  he  entered  the 
army  as  a  Second  Lieutenant  of  the  Third  Regular  Cavalry. 
Early  in  the  war  he  was  ordered  to  Washington  for  duty  on  the 
staff  of  General  McClellan,  and  in  March,  1802,  IIP  was  desig- 


—391— 

Bated  to  act  as  A.  A.  G.  of  the  Cavalry  forces  under  General 
Stoneman,  and  was  with  McOlellan  through  the  Peninsula  Cam 
paign,  and  also  served  as  Staff  Officer  with  General  Banks  at 
Washington  in  October,  1862.  He  was  assigned  as  A.  A.  G.  of 
the  Third  Army  Corps  under  General  Stoneman  and  at  the 
Battle  of  Gettysburg,  he  was  A  .  A.  G.  to  General  Pleasanton 
and  was  distinguished  for  services  on  that  field.  In  the  spring 
of  1864  he  was  ordered  west,  and  assigned  as  A.  A.  G.  of  the  Sev 
enteenth  Corps,  commanded  by  General  Frank  P.  Blair,  and 
served  through  the  Atlanta  Campaign  with  distinction. 

At  the  Battle  of  Nashville  he  was  General  Wilson's  Chief 
of  Staff,  was  promoted  to  Brigadier-General  in  January,  1865, 
and  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Second  Brigade,  Fourth 
Division  in  Wilson's  Cavalry  Corps.  Soon  after  the  close  of  the 
war,  he  was  breveted  by  General  Grant,  "Colonel"  in  the  Regu 
lar  Army  and  "Brigadier-General"  for  distinguished  gallantry 
in  the  Cavalry  engagements  at  Ebenezer  Church,  Ga.,  and  Co 
lumbus,  Ga.  After  the  war  he  joined  his  regiment,  the  Third 
U.  S.  Cavalry,  under  his  proper  rank  as  Captain  and  served  with 
distinction  on  the  frontier,  fighting  the  Indians,  and  was  pro 
moted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  Second  U.  S.  Cavalry  in  1879. 
While  in  command  at  Fort  Custer,  in  1881,  his  health  failed  and 
in  1885  he  was  placed  on  the  retired  list.  He  died  on  a  railroad 
train  between  New  York  and  Utica  on  the  4th  day  of  May,  1887. 

He  was  an  ideal  Cavalry  officer  and  General  Upton  after 
the  great  WTilson  Raid,  declared  him  to  be  "equal  to  any  com 
mand  the  fortunes  of  war  might  bring  him."  General  Wilson, 
in  his  biography  of  Alexander  says,  "He  was  gentle  and  consid 
erate  in  social  life,  faithful  and  devoted  in  friendship,  calm  and 
deliberate  in  council,  vigilant  and  industrious  in  camp  and  on 
the  march,  bold  and  resolute  in  action ;  he  was  a  model  husband 
and  father,  a  noble  citizen  and  model  soldier." 

The  First  Ohio  Cavalry  served  in  his  brigade  from  January, 
1865,  until  the  close  of  the  war,  and  Captain  Yeoman  was  In 
spector  General  on  his  staff. 

MAJOR  JOHN  H.  ROBINSON. 

Major  John  H.  Robinson  was  born  in  New  York  City  about 
the  year  1818,  but  removed  to  Martinsburg,  Ya.,  early  in  his 
childhood,  and  moved  from  that  place  to  Decatur,  Brown  County, 
Ohio,  in  1838,  where  he  engaged  in  the  merchant  tailoring  busi 
ness.  In  the  year  1845,  he  moved  to  Washington,  C.  H.,  where 
he  was  engaged  in  the  same  business,  and  in  1850  he  went  across 
the  plains  to  California  with  emigrants  and  stock  and  returned 
in  1851.  Returned  to  California  again  in  1852,  but  soon  returned 
and  engaged  in  the  dry  goods  business  in  Illinois  until  the  break 
ing  out  of  the  war.  From  his  early  youth  he  was  very  much  in 
terested  in  military  matters  and  during  all  of  his  life  made  a 


—392— 

study  of  military  tactics.  In  August,  1862,  he  was  appointed 
Captain  of  Company  A,  First  O.  V.  C.  This  was  the  first  com 
mission  issued  to  any  officer  in  that  regiment.  The  men  in  his 
company  furnished  their  own  horses,  and  about  the  middle  of 
August  went  into  Camp  Chase,  O.  His  company  soon  became 
very  efficient  in  drilling  and  were  equipped  some  time  before 
the  other  companies  of  the  regiment.  As  Cavalry  was  very 
much  in  demand  in  Virginia,  Companies  A  and  C,  First  O.  V.  C., 
were  sent  to  Virginia  before  the  other  companies  of  the  regi 
ment  were  equipped.  They  did  good  service  in  Virginia  up  to 
the  fall  of  1864,  when  they  were  again  united  with  the  regiment 
at  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Captain  Kobinson  was  a  very  efficient  officer,  very  fond  of 
military  service,  but  as  he  was  in  delicate  health  when  he  en 
listed  he  was  not  able  to  stand  the  rigors  of  the  hard  campaigns. 
June  1,  1862,  he  was  promoted  to  Major  and  died  at  his  home  in 
Washington,  C.  H.,  October  29,  1862.  Had  his  life  been  spared, 
he  would  no  doubt  have  gained  distinction  during  the  war. 

MAJOR-GENERAL  JUDSON   KILPATRICK. 

General  Judson  Kilpatrick  was  born  in  New  Jersey  and 
was  appointed  to  West  Point  from  that  state.  He  was  appointed 
Second  Lieutenant  of  Artillery  May  6,  1861,  and  First  Lieu 
tenant  May  14,  1861;  Captain,"  November  30,  1864,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  service  during  the  war,  and  was  breveted  Lieu 
tenant-Colonel  and  Colonel  in  the  regular  army,  and  for  gallantry 
at  the  battle  of  Eesaca,  Ga.,  breveted  Brigadier-General  March 
13,  1865,  and  for  gallant  service  during  the  campaign  in  the 
Carolinas  was  promoted  to  Brevet  Major-General.  He  resigned 
December  1,  1865. 

General  Kilpatrick  was  a  brave  and  gallant  cavalry  officer 
during  the  war,  serving  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  through 
all  of  the  campaigns  of  that  army  up  to  the  spring  of  1864,  and 
was  a  division  commander.  In  the  spring  of  1864  he  was  ordered 
to  report  to  General  Sherman,  who  was  then  organizing  his 
great  campaign  from  Chattanooga  to  Atlanta.  At  the  begin 
ning  of  this  campaign  in  May,  1864,  General  Kilpatrick  was 
assigned  to  command  a  division  of  cavalry,  and  at  the  battle 
of  Resaca  he  was  severely  wounded.  He  was  disabled  from 
duty  until  about  the  middle  of  August,  when  he  again  returned 
to  the  front  and  commanded  two  divisions  of  cavalry  in  his 
raid  around  Hood's  army  in  Atlanta  in  the  latter  part  of  August, 
1864.  On  "Sherman's  march  to  the  sea"  he  was  in  command 
of  the  cavalry  forces,  and  did  excellent  service.  It  is  sufficient 
to  say  of  his  military  career  that  on  the  campaign  from  Chat 
tanooga  to  Atlanta,  and  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea,  he  had  the 
full  confidence  of  General  Sherman  and  was  highly  compli 
mented  by  that  officer  for  his  many  successful  cavalry  expedi- 


—393— 

tions.  After  the  war  he  served  two  terms  as  minister  to  Chili, 
and  died  many  years  ago  while  in  discharge  of  his  duties  as 
minister  in  that  country.  He  was  an  ideal  cavalry  officer,  and 
the  members  of  the  First  O.  V.  C.  have  good  reason  to  remember 
him,  as  they  were  in  his  command  on  some  of  the  hardest  and 
most  dangerous  charges  in  which  they  participated  during 
the  war. 


The  End. 


After  the  surrender  of  the  rebel  forces  in  Central  Georgia 
to  Colonel  Eggleston,  who  was  in  command  at  Atlanta,  and 
the  capture  of  Jeff.  Davis,  in  which  a  detachment  of  the  regi 
ment  played  so  important  a  part,  there  was  but  little  service 
to  perform  in  closing  up  the  great  drama  of  war  that  had  been 
deluging  the  country  with  the  blood  of  the  flower  of  our  armies 
North  and  South  for  four  years.  The  regiment  was  broken 
up  into  detachments,  and  did  garrison  duty  in  Georgia  and 
South  Carolina  during  the  summer  of  1865  until  it  was  mus 
tered  out,  and  any  incidents  of  the  last  four  months'  service  of 
the  regiment  would  seem  very  tame  and  barren  of  danger  and 
adventure  compared  with  the  four  years  of  continuous,  active 
and  dangerous  service  of  the  war  just  closed. 

When  Sherman  started  on  his  march  to  the  sea,  he  had 
thoroughly  destroyed  the  railroad  from  Atlanta  north  and  south 
toward  Macon,  and  when  our  cavalry  occupied  these  two  last- 
named  cities,  the  matter  of  getting  supplies  at  once  was  very 
important.  As  both  the  Union  and  Confederate  armies  had  swept 
back  and  forth  over  this  country  in  the  summer  of  1864,  it 
had  been  stripped  of  everything  in  the  way  of  forage  and  pro 
visions.  But  writh  Wilson's  bold  riders  no  obstacle  seemed 
unsurmountable,  and  the  following  account  of  an  expedition 
planned  and  successfully  executed,  shows  how  the  soldier  in 
the  field  adapts  himself  to  the  surroundings  and  is  ready  for 
any  exigency. 

When  the  regiment  was  stationed  at  Macon  it  was  learned 
that  there  was  a  little  steamer  on  the  Ocmulgee  River,  at  Hawk- 
insville,  that  the  rebels  had  been  using  for  transporting  sup 
plies  from  toward  Savannah  to  Macon.  Captain  Kirkendall  was 
given  a  detail  of  about  thirty  men  from  the  regiment  and  was 
ordered  to  press  the  boat  into  service  and  go  down  to  Savannah 
after  supplies.  He  marched  his  command  to  Hawkinsville  on 
foot  about  thirty  miles,  pressed  the  steamer  into  the  U.  S.  ser 
vice,  secured  the  service  of  an  old  colored  man,  who  had  run 


—395— 

on  the  river,  as  pilot,  and  started  for  Savannah.  The  river  was 
narrow,  water  shallow,  and  he  was  compelled  to.  tie  up  at  night, 
so  the  progress  was  slow.  Finally  the  boat  arrived  at  Savan 
nah,  was  loaded  writh  supplies,  and  as  the  regiment  had  left 
Macon,  the  boat  was  run  up  the  Savannah  River  to  Augusta, 
and  the  supplies  were  delivered  to  the  command  at  that  point. 
It  was  quite  an  experience  for  these  bold  troopers,  after  a  ser 
vice  of  nearly  four  years  in  the  saddle,  to  assume  the  role  of 
"roustabouts"  on  a  steamer;  but  no  doubt  they  could  do  the 
swearing  necessary  to  be  ranked  as  a  first  class  "Jack  Tar,'1 
and  it  is  said  that  Captain  Kirkendall  was  not  slow  in  picking 
up  the  lingo  and  was  as  much  at  home  in  giving  his  commands 
as  he  was  in  giving  orders  to  "draw  saber"  or  "advance  carbine.'' 
The  regiment  marched  via  Augusta,  Ga.,  leaving  Atlanta 
June  19,  1865,  to  Orangeburg,  S.  0.,  where  Colonel  Eggleston 
was  appointed  Inspector  of  Cavalry  on  General  Gillmore's  staff. 
During  the  summer  the  regiment  did  garrison  duty  at  Orange- 
burg,  Summerville,  Charleston  and  Hilton  Head,  and  found  that 
duty  rather  monotonous  after  their  incessant  active  service. 

Marches. 

It  is  hardly  possible  to  name  every  point  struck  by  the 
regiment  during  the  war,  or  the  number  of  miles  marched;  but 
after  careful  examination  of  all  the  records  bearing  on  the  ser 
vice  of  the  regiment  and  consultation  with  many  officers  and 
soldiers,  the  following  points  named  will  be  found  as  near  cor 
rect  as  it  can  be  made. 

The  regiment  left  Columbus,  Ohio,  December  9,  1861,  and 
the  route  over  which  it  marched  will  be  followed  with  great 
interest  by  every  survivor. 

Columbus  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  by  boat  to  Louisville, 
Ky.  Louisville  via  Bardstown  and  Springfield  to  Lebanon,  Ky. 
Lebanon  to  Louisville.  Louisville  by  river  to  Smithland  and 
up  the  Cumberland  Elver  to  Nashville,  Tenn.  Nashville  to  Pitts- 
burg  Landing,  Tenn.,  via  Columbia,  AVaynesboro  and  Savannah. 
Pittsburg  Landing  to  Corinth,  Miss.  Corinth  to  Booneville,  and 
back  to  Corinth.  Corinth  to  Huntsville,  Ala.  Huntsville  via 
Athens,  Decherd,  Altamont,  McMinnville  to  Nashville.  Nash 
ville  to  Louisville,  Ky.  Louisville  via  Perry ville  and  Bardstown 
to  Nashville.  Nashville  to  Murfreesboro*,  Manchester,  Tulla- 
homa,  Decherd,  Winchester,  Athens,  Ala.,  Huntsville,  Ala., 
Fayetteville,  Tenn.,  Pulaski,  Winchester,  Stevenson,  Ala.  Down 
the  Tennessee  River  fifty  miles  and  across  Lookout  Mountain  to 
Alpine,  Ga.,  Lafayette,  Ga.,  and  back  to  Alpine.  Over  the  moun 
tain  to  McLamore's  Cove  and  to  Crawfish  Springs,  Ga.  Craw 
fish  Springs,  Ga.,  to  Chattanooga;  up  the  Tennessee  River  to 
Washington;  back  to  Smith's  Cross-roads;  over  the  mountains 


—396— 

to  McMinnville,  Murfreesboro,  Shelbyville,  Farmington,  Pulaski 
and  Muscle  Shoals  on  the  Tennessee  Eiver,  Ala. ;  back  to  Fayette- 
ville,  Tenn.,  Winchester,  Steventon,  Ala.,  Paint  Eock,  Ala., 
Bridgeport,  Chattanooga,  Cleveland,  Tenn.;  back  to  Chatta 
nooga  and  up  the  Tennessee  Eiver  and  over  the  Tellico  Moun 
tains  into  North  Carolina  to  Murphy;  back  to  Calhoun,  Tenn., 
four  hundred  and  fifty  miles.  Calhoun  to  Knoxville,  and  back  to 
Chattanooga,  Paint  Eock,  Ala.,  Huntsville,  Athens,  Pulaski, 
Tenn.,  Columbia,  Nashville,  Louisville,  Ky.,  Cincinnati  and 
Columbus,  Ohio,  on  veteran  furlough.  Columbus  to  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  Columbia,  Tenn.,  Decatur,  Ala.,  west  to  Courtland,  Moul- 
ton,  and  east  to  Eome,  Ga.,  Kingston,  Big  Shanty,  Marietta, 
Eoswell,  Decatur,  Ga.  Then  in  rear  of  our  army  from  Decatur 
west  to  Sandtowrn,  Kilpatrick  raid  around  Hood's  army  in 
Atlanta,  via  Jonesboro,  Lovejoy,  McDonough,  Stone  Mountain 
to  Decatur.  With  Sherman's  army  to  right  of  Atlanta,  to  Jones 
boro.  Then  back  to  Atlanta.  From  Atlanta  to  Eesaca,  and  then 
to  Gaylesville,  Ala.,  and  Eome,  Ga.  Then  to  Chattanooga,  to 
Nashville,  and  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  back  to  Nashville  via  Colum 
bia  and  Pulaski  to  Muscle  Shoals  and  Gravelly  Springs  on  the 
Tennessee  Eiver,  Ala.  Wilson's  raid  via  Montevallo  and  Plan- 
tersville  to  Selma,  Ala.,  and  then  to  Montgomery  and  Columbus, 
Ga.,  Macon  and  back  to  Atlanta  and  to  Augusta,  Ga.  To  Hilton 
Head,  S.  C.;  by  ocean  steamer  to  New  York  City;  then  to  Camp 
Chase,  Ohio.  Total,  7,660  miles. 

In  the  table  above  only  the  regular  marches  of  the  regiment 
are  mentioned.  Adding  to  this  one-half,  which  is  a  very  con 
servative  estimate,  for  scouting,  reconnoitering  and  outpost  duty, 
and  we  have  a  grand  total  of  11,490  miles. 

The  following  table  shows  the  total  enlistment  in  the  regi 
ment  during  the  war,  by  companies: 

Number  of  Men  in  the  Regiment. 


A  

171 

B  

141 

C  

117 

D  

139 

E  

.        126 

F  

132 

G  

161 

H  

168 

I  

156 

K  

140 

L  

15  Q 

M  

162 

Total 1-71 


—397- 
Field  and  staff..  50 


Unassigned  recruits 56 


Total 1877 

32 


1845 

Thirty-two  of  the  field  and  staff  were  promoted  from  the 
ranks  and  from  officers  of  the  line,  which  leaves  a  total  enlist 
ment  of  1845  men.  The  strength  of  the  regiment  when  mus 
tered  out  wras  733. 

Losses. 

In  the  record  of  losses  in  the  regiment  as  they  appear  in 
the  "Roll  of  Honor"  published  by  the  Adjutant-Generals,  De 
partment  of  Ohio,  and  herewith  attached,  there  are  many  errors. 

The  roster  of  each  company  has  been  submitted  to  some 
of  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  company  for  inspection,  and 
many  corrections  in  casualties  have  been  made,  but  cannot  be 
noted  on  the  roster,  as  the  rosters  were  printed  by  the  state 
some  years  ago.  We  could  only  add  the  casualties  found  by 
the  inspection  made,  as  noted  above,  to  the  total  in  each  com 
pany  and  to  the  grand  total  of  the  regiment,  and  no  doubt  there 
are  many  others  that  should  have  been  reported.  The  muster- 
out-roll  of  many  of  the  companies  in  cavalry  regiments  are  very 
imperfect,  and  the  First  Ohio  is  no  exception  in  this  regard. 
This  can  be  accounted  for  by  reason  of  the  fact  that  cavalry  regi 
ments,  when  off  on  raids  or  other  expeditions,  would  often  not 
see  their  wagon  trains  for  weeks  and  would  have  neither  books 
nor  paper  to  make  reports,  and  when  they  did  reach  the  wagons, 
some  casualties  would  be  overlooked  and  would  not  be  reported. 
In  some  instances  troopers  would  be  dismounted  by  their  horses 
either  being  wounded,  killed  or  giving  out,  and  the  soldier  was 
left  to  look  out  for  himself,  and  was  perhaps  wounded  or  cap 
tured,  or  both,  and  would  be  sent  back  to  the  dismounted  cav 
alry  rendezvous,  from  which  he  would  be  discharged,  and  the 
"muster  out"  would  only  have  him  marked  "missing  in  action." 

In  compiling  casualties,  all  these  matters  have  been  to 
contend  with  by  the  author,  and  every  possible  effort  has  been 
made  by  writing  letters  and  making  inquiry  of  comrades  at 
reunions  and  all  occasions  to  obtain  reliable  information  on 
all  these  points. 

Field  and  Staff. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 5 

Wounded 4 

Captured   

12 


—398— 

Company  A. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 11 

Wounded 11 

Captured  11 


33 
Company  B. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 19 

Wounded 12 

Captured 8 


39 

Company  C. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 13 

Wounded 7 

Captured   6 


Company  D. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 14 

Wounded 11 

Captured   ...  14 


39 

Company  E. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 17 

Wounded 9 

Captured   12 

38 
Company  F. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease. .     16 

Wounded 9 

Captured   10 

35 

Company  G. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 17 

Wounded 9 

Captured   14 


40 
Company  H. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 24 

Wounded 12 

Captured  9 

45 


-399— 

Company  I. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 13 

Wounded IT 

Captured   12 


42 
Company  K. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 21 

Wounded 12 

Captured  13 


46 
Company  L. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 16 

Wounded 7 

Captured 6 


29 
Company  M. 

Killed  and  died  of  wounds  and  disease 17 

Wounded 10 

Captured   14 


41 

Three  unassigned  recruits  died  before  reaching  the  regi 
ment. 

In  some  cases  the  rolls  are  marked  "wounded  in  action" 
and  then  "died  in  hospital/'  and  there  may  be  a  doubt  whether 
the  soldier  died  of  wounds  or  disease;  but  of  those  who  wrere 
killed  on  the  field,  in  addition  to  those  who  died  of  wounds,  the 
record  shows  as  follows  —  and  of  this  number  six  were  com 
missioned  officers. 

Killed  on  the  Field. 

Field  and  staff 4 

Company  A 5 

Company  B 4 

Compan}^  C , 3 

Company  D 5 

Company  E  . 4 

Company  F 5 

Company  G 4 

Company  H , 5 

Company  I 5 

Company  K 7 

Company  L 4 

Company  M 5 


—400— 

The  losses  as  given  in  the  above  tables  make  an  aggregate 
of  46  JL  casualties  or  almost  25  per  cent,  of  the  total  number  of 
enlistments  in  the  regiment.    The  number  wounded,  as  shown, 
is  134,  which  no  doubt  is  too  small,  as  the  record  of  many  of 
the  slightly  wounded  does  not  appear  on  the  inuster-out  rolls. 
A  very  conservative  average  is  four  wounded  to  one  killed,  and 
taking  this  as  a  basis,  it  would  add  upward  of  eighty  to  the  list 
of  wounded,  which  would  bring  the  casualties  up  to  535  or  almost 
30  per  cent;    and  after  a  careful  examination  of  the  records 
and  all  official  data,  the  losses  as  above  stated  can  be  relied  on 
as  almost  absolutely  correct.    The  number  taken  prisoner  was 
130,  and  the  average  in  each  company  is  almost  the  same.     No 
large  number  of  prisoners  were  taken  at  any  one  time,  but 
they  were  captured  all  along  through  the  years  of  the  war  in 
small  squads,  usually  Avhen  on  outpost  duty  or  scouting.     Many 
who  were  captured  and  were  only  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy 
a  few  days  were  never  reported,  and  the  number  captured  was 
remarkably  small  for  a  regiment  that  was  in  contact  with  the 
enemy  as  many  times  as  the  First.     At  the  battle  of  Stone 
River,  when  the  regiment  charged  clear  through  the  lines  of 
the  enemy,  and  the  lines  were  closed  up  both  in  rear  and  on 
the  flanks,  about  one  hundred  men  of  the  regiment  wrere  cap 
tured,  but  all  excepting  a  few  cut  their  way  out  soon  after 
wards.     About  twenty  were  captured  at  Oourtland,  Alabama, 
July  25,  1862,  and  fifteen  at  Cotton  Port,  Tenn.,  September  30, 
1863,  this  being  the  largest  numbers  captured  at  any  one  time. 
The  regiment  was  engaged  in  fifty-one  battles  and  skirm 
ishes,  as  shown  by  the  official  record  on  the  first  page  of  this 
history,  and  many  picket  fights  and  skirmishes  are  not  named; 
but  it  is  known  positively  that  the  regiment  was  under  fire 
upward  of  one  hundred  times.     The  regiment  fought  on  many 
of  the  great  and  decisive  battle-fields  of  the  war,  and  has  written 
in  characters  of   blood   on   its   battle-flag  Corinth,    Perryville, 
Stone  River,  Chickamauga,  Mission  Ridge,  "one  hundred  days 
under  fire  from  Chattanooga  to  Atlanta/'  the  great  cavalry  raid 
under  General   Kilpatrick  around  Atlanta,  the  Wheeler  raid 
through  Tennessee,  and  the  Wilson  raid  through  Alabama  and 
Georgia  in  the  spring  of  18G5,  and  wTere  in  the  saddle  wrhen 
the  last  gun  of  the  war  of  the  great  rebellion  wTas  fired.     The 
best  evidence  of  the  hard  and  dangerous  service  of  a  regiment 
are  the  casualties,  and  the  graves  of  the  heroic  dead  of  the 
First  Ohio  dot  every  mountain  and  valley  that  marks  the  bat- 
tie-fields  of  the  Army  of  the  Ohio  and  Army  of  the  Cumber 
land.    It  was  no  braver  nor  better  than  many  other  regiments, 
its  roll  of  honored  dead  is  not  as  long  as  some  others,  but  it 
never  failed  to  respond  to  any  and  every  call  to  duty.     The 
record  is  made  and  the  story  is  told.     Every  member  of  the 
grand  old  regiment  is  justly  proud  of  the  history  of  our  service, 


—401- 

and  of  which  he  was  a  part;  and  when  the  last  survivor  has 
answered  "Here!"  and  "Taps"  is  sounded  over  his  grave  will 
our  descendants  remember  wrell  that  the  goodly  heritage  left 
them  of  a  "country  one  and  undivided"  was  bought  by  the  blood 
of  their  fathers. 

The  regiment  wras  mustered  out  at  Hilton  Head,  South 
Carolina,  September  13,  1865,  and  discharged  at  Camp  Chase, 
Ohio,  September  28,  1865. 


\ 


Going  to  the  Front. 


September  13th,  1865. 


OFFICIAL  ROSTER. 


Roster  of  soldiers  whose  names  were  omitted  from  the  roster 
published  by  the  State  of  Ohio,  and  whose  records  were 
procured  through  the  soldiers  themselves. 


NAME. 

COMPANY. 

REGIMENT. 

REMARKS. 

Co.  A  

1st.  O.  V.  C  

E—  Aug.    6,    1861.      Died,    Nashville, 
Tenn. 
E—  Aug.  6,  1861.     Killed  Falls  Church, 
Va.,  1863. 
E—  Aug  9,   '61.     Died  Fairfax,  N.  C., 
June,  '63. 
E—  Sept.  17,  '61.     Dis.  Sept.  19,  '61. 
E—  Aug.  28,  '61.     Dis.  Aug.  10,  '62. 
E—  Aug.  21,  '61.     Dis.  Dec.  29th,  '61. 

E—  Jan'y.  20th,  '62.  Dis.  Jan'y.  19,  '65. 
Captured  Sept.   20,    '63,   at  Chicka- 
mauga. 

E—  Jan'y.  20,  '62.  D.  Surg.  Ctf.  of  Disa 
bility. 
E—  Jan'y.  20,  '62.     Died,   July,  1862,  at 
Corinth,  Miss. 
E—  Jan'y.  20,   '62.     Dis.,   Surg.  Ctf.  of 
disability. 

E—  Sept.  17,  '61.   Appointed  Corporal. 
Dis.,   Oct.  26,    '62,   on  Surg.  Ctf.  of 
disability. 

E—  Aug.  26,  '61.     Dis.,  June  24,  '62. 
E—  Sept.  5,  '61.     Dis.,  July  24,  '62. 
E—  Sept.    25,    '61.     Dis.,    Oct.   16,    T>1. 
Taken     prisoner     near    L,avergne, 
Tenn.,  Aug.  4th,  1863. 
E—  Oct.,  61.     Dis.,  Feb.,    '63.     Wound 
ed  left  ankle  in  fall  of  '62  at  Perry- 
ville,  Ky. 
3—  Sept.  21st,  1861.     Dis.,  Oct.  6,  '64. 

E—  Oct.  26,  '61.     Dis.,  Oct.  27,  '64. 
E—  Sept.  25,  1861.     Dis.  July  10,  '62. 
E—  Aug.  16,  1861.     Dis.,  Sept.  13,  '65. 
E—  Oct.  27th,  1861.     Saddler. 
E—  Jan'y.  9,  '62.     Dis.,  May  23,  '62. 

Dis.,  May  20,  1865. 

E—  Oct.    1st,   1862.     Dis.,    May   13,  '63. 
Wounded      in      both     arms     and 
stomach. 
E—  Sept.  4th,  1861.     Dis.,  Oct.  0,  64. 
E—  Sept.  17th,  1861.     Dis.,  May  2-5,  '62. 
E—  Feb.  22,  '64.     Dis.,  Sept.    13th,  '65. 

E—  Sept.  23,  1861.     Dis.,  Sept.  13,  '65. 

John  A   Yose 

do 

do 

Justice  Squires  ..  .  .         

do  

.     ..do  

lyCvi  M.  Friend   .        

do  

do 

Richard  Saxton 

.      do 

do 

Briscoe  I/arimer 

do   .     . 

do 

Thomas  A.  Morrison  

Co.  B  

do 

Alexander  M   Wallace           

do  .... 

do 

James  E.  Everick  
I,eonard  Ries  
A  H  I<aughlin  

do  
do  
do  

do  
do  

do  
do  
do  

do  
do 

W.  M.  Moser  

Isaac  Roethar  

Richard  Miller  

do  

do 

George  Warner  

do  

do 

Matthias  Anderson  

do  
do  
do  
Co.  C  
do  

do  
do  
do  
do  
do 

Thomas  A.  I,aughlin  
Meriman  Moser 

John  Thiem                 .             

John  Flanagan  

Rolland  I^ee  
George  W.  Montgomery  

Co.  D  
do  

do  
do 

William  H.  Wilkins  

...  Co.  E  

do 

George  Sands  

Co.  F  

do  
do  
do  
do 

do  
do 

Gilbert  Dean  

Charles  W  Wright 

do  
do  
do 

lyewis  H  Wells  .     . 

A.  E.  Frost  

John  Andrick  
Henry  Garrison  

do  
Co   G 

do  
do 

I<t.  C.  W.  Doty  

do 

do 

Andrew  Fisher  

do 

do 

Daniel  Tracy  

do 

do 

Patrick  Burke  

do 

do 

William  Stiles  

Co  H 

do 

Francis  Morrison  

do 

do 

Charles  Phillips  

do 

do 

Phanetos  Hout  

Co.  I  

do  
do  
Co.  M 

do 

Oliver  Bireley  

do 

William  D.  Carr  
I,ewis  Johnson  
John   A.    Fierling   alias    John    A. 
Vierling  

do  
do 

do  

do  

OFFICIAL    ROSTER 


OF    THE 


SOLDIERS  OFTHESTATEOFOHIO 


IN    THE 


WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION, 

1861-1866. 


VOL.  XI. 

IST— 13TH  REGIMENTS  OHIO  VOL.  CAVALRY. 
4TH  AND  STH  INDEPENDENT  BATTALIONS  OF  CAVALRY. 
3RD  AND  4TH  INDEPENDENT  COMPANIES  OF  CAVALRY. 

MCLAUGHLIN'S  SQUADRON  OF  CAVALRY. 
MERRILL'S  HORSE  OR  2ND  MISSOURI  CAVALRY. 

UNION  LIGHT  GUARD,  AND  HARLIN'S  LIGHT  CAVALRY,  OR  COMPANY  M, 
HTH  PENNSYLVANIA  CAVALRY. 


COMPILED  UNDER  DIRECTION  OF  THE  ROSTER  COMMISSION  : 

JAMES  E.  CAMPBELL,  Governor.  DANIEL  J.  RYAN,  Sec'y  of  State. 

THOMAS  T.  DILL,  Adjutant-General. 

PUBLISHED  BY  AUTHORITY  OF  THE  GENERAL  ASSEMBLY. 


AKRON  : 

WERNER  PTG.  &  LITHO.  Co. 

1891. 


iv  INTRODUCTORY. 

containing  Regiments  of  Infantry  from  185  to  198,  inclusive  ;  ist  and  2d 
Regiments  Heavy  Artillery  ;  ist  Regiment  Light  Artillery  ;  ist  to  26th 
Independent  Batteries  Light  Artillery,  inclusive  ;  Williams'  Ironton  Inde 
pendent  Battery  Light  Artillery ;  Paulsen's  Independent  Battery  Light 
Artillery  ;  8th  Independent  Battery  Light  Artillery  (60  days  service)  ;  zd 
Independent  Battery  Light  Artillery  (60  days  service)  ;  and  8th  Indepen 
dent  Battery  Light  Artillery  (four  months  service). 

Great  care  has  been  exercised  to  avoid  errors  in  the  preparation  of  this 
work,  but  should  any  be  discovered,  it  is  earnestly  requested  that  informa 
tion  concerning  them  be  promptly  given  to  the  Adjutant-General,  that  they 
may  be  corrected  in  the  "Errata,"  which  will  appear  in  the  last  volume  to 
be  issued — to  be  known  as  "Volume  I." 

The  Legislature,  on  April  24,  1890,  passed  the  following  law  (S.  B.  No. 

«45)! 

AN    ACT 

To  amend  section  two  (2)  of  an  act  entitled  "an  act  to  provide  for  the  publication  and  dis 
tribution  of  the  roster  of  Ohio  soldiers,"  passed  May  12,  1886,  and  amended  February  3, 
1887,  February  20,  1888,  and  February  25,  1890. 

SECTION  I.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  of  Ohio,  That  section 
two  (2)  of  the  above  mentioned  act  be  so  amended  as  to  read  as  follows  : 

SEC.  2.  The  distribution  of  said  volumes  shall  be  under  the  direction  of  the  adjutant- 
general,  and  shall  be  as  follows  :  To  each  member  of  the  sixty-seventh  and  sixty-eighth  gen 
eral  assembly  twenty  copies  of  each  volume,  inclusive  of  copies  already  received;  and  each 
member  of  the  sixty-ninth  general  assembly  seven  copies  of  each  volume;  but  when  any  mem 
ber  of  the  sixty-seventh  or  sixty -eighth  general  assembly  becomes  a  non-resident  of  the  county 
or  district  he  represented,  the  said  copies  of  each  volume  may  be  drawn  by  his  successor  ; 
to  the  roster  commission,  twenty-five  copies  of  each  volume  ;  to  the  adjutant-general,  for  distri 
bution  to  the  adjutant-general  of  each  state  and  territory,  and  proper  officials  of  the  war  de 
partment  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  sixty  copies  of  each  volume;  to  each  of  the  state  officers  of 
Ohio,  and  to  each  of  the  various  state  departments  and  institutions,  one  copy  of  each  volume  ; 
to  the  state  library,  fifty  copies  of  each  volume  for  exchanges,  and  ten  copies  of  each  volume 
[to  be]  retained  permanently  therein ;  to  each  public  library  of  an  incorporated  city  or 
village  of  the  State,  one  copy  of  each  volume  ;  to  each  post  of  the  grand  army  of  the 
republic,  to  each  command  or  [of]  the  union  veterans'  union,  and  to  each  encamp 
ment  of  the  union  veteran  legion  on  condition  that  if  the  post,  camp  or  command  be 
disbanded  at  any  time  the  same  shall  be  returned  to  the  State  library,  one  copy  of  each 
volume  ;  and  to  the  department  of  Ohio  grand  army  of  the  republic,  and  loyal  legions, 
each  one  copy  of  each  volume  ;  and  to  each  camp  of  the  sons  of  veterans,  on  condi 
tion  that  if  the  camp  be  disbanded  at  any  time  the  same  shall  be  returned  to  the  State  library, 
one  copy  of  each  volume  ;  to  each  county  recorder,  to  be  by  him  kept  in  his  office,  and 
transferred  to  his  successor  as  other  public  records,  one  copy  of  each  volume  ;  to  each  town 
ship  clerk,  to  be  by  him  kept  in  his  office  and  to  be  transferred  to  his  successor,  one  copy 
of  each  volume  ;  to  each  clerk  in  the  roster  department,  one  copy  of  each  volume  ;  provided, 
that  any  distribution  herein  provided  for  shall  be  inclusive  of  copies  of  volumes  already  distrib 
uted  under  former  laws;  the  remainder  of  said  copies  after  such  distribution,  shall  be  placed  on 
sale  by  [the]  adjutant-general,  at  a  price  not  exceeding  one  dollar  per  volume  ;  he  shall  keep  a 
record  of  such  sales,  and  shall,  at  the  end  of  each  quarter  of  the  fiscal  year,  pay  into  the  state 
treasury  the  sum  received,  until  all  of  said  volumes  are  sold,  unless  otherwise  directed  by  the 


INTRODUCTORY.  v 

general  assembly  ;  provided  that  he  shall  not  sell  more  than  one  copy  of  each  of  the  said  vol 
umes  to  the  same  person. 

SEC.  2.  That  section  two  of  said  act,  passed  May  12,  1886  (83  v.  146),  as  amended  Feb 
ruary  3,  1887,  February  20,  1888,  February  215,  1890,  is  hereby  repealed. 

SEC.  3.     This  act  shall  take  effect  and  be  in  force  from  and  after  its  passage. 

Under  provisions  of  law  the  Commissioners  of  Public  Printing,  together 
with  the  Adjutant-General,  awarded  the  contract  on  December  16,  1889,  for 
furnishing  two  volumes,  10,000  copies  each,  to  the  Werner  Printing  &  Litho 
graphing  Company,  of  Akron,  Ohio,  at  76  9-10  cents  per  volume. 

JAMES  E.  CAMPBELL. 
DANIEL  J.  RYAN. 
THOMAS  T.  DILL. 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  SOLDIERS, 


OF"  THE   REBELLION. 


1ST-13TH  REGIMENTS  VOL.  CAVALRY. 

4TH  AND  STH  INDEPENDENT  BATTALIONS  OF  CAVALRY. 

3RD  AND  4TH  INDEPENDENT  COMPANIES  OF  CAVALRY. 

MCLAUGHLIN'S  SQUADRON  OF  CAVALRY. 
MERRILL'S  HORSE  OR  SND  MISSOURI  CAVALRY. 

UNION  LIGHT  GUARD,  AND  HARLIN'S  LIGHT  CAVALRY,  OR  COMPANY  M, 
HTH  PENNSYLVANIA.  CAVALRY. 


VOL.  XI. 


FIRST  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


THREE    YEARS'    SERVICE. 


THIS  Regiment  was  organized  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  from  August  xyth 
to  October  5th,  1861,  to  serve  three  years.  On  the  expiration  of  their  terms 
of  service,  the  original  members  (except  veterans)  were  mustered  out,  and 
the  organization,  composed  of  veterans  and  recruits,  continued  in  service  until 
it  was  mustered  out  by  companies,  as  follows  :  A  to  K,  inclusive,  and  M 
September  13,  1865,  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  and  Company  L  September  26, 
1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  accordance  with  orders  from  the  War  Depart 
ment. 

Companies  A  and  C  were  ordered  to  West  Virginia  in  September,  1861, 
and  were  attached  to  the  commands  of  Gens.  Shields  and  Banks,  in  the  Shen- 
andoah  Valley;  and  with  the  Army  of  Virginia  under  Gen.  Pope  and  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  as  Headquarters  Guard  of  the  Cavalry  Divisions 
of  Gens.  Gregg  and  Kilpatrick,  they  bore  an  honorable  part  in  the  campaigns 
and  engagements  in  Virginia,  Maryland  and  Pennsylvania,  until  the  spring  of 
1864,  when  they  were  ordered  to  join  the  regiment. 

The  official  list  of  battles  in  which  this  Regiment  was  engaged  is  not  yet 
published  by  the  War  Department,  but  the  following  list  has  been  compiled 
after  careful  research  during  the  compilation  of  this  work.  It  does  not  in 
clude  numerous  battles  and  skirmishes  in  which  single  companies  and  small 
detachments  of  the  regiment  were  engaged  : 

BOONEVILLE,  MISS.,          ....     MAY  30,   1862. 

RUSSELL VILLE,  ALA.,  ....         JULY   i,   1862. 

COURTLAND,  ALA., JULY  25,   1862. 

BARDSTOWN,  KY.,          ....          OCTOBER  4,   1862. 

PERRYVILLE,  KY., OCTOBER  8,   1862. 

STONE  RIVER,  TENN.,         .       .        .          DECEMBER  31,  1862,  TO 

JANUARY  2,   1863. 

ELK  RIVER,  TENN.,    .....     JULY  2,   1863. 

ALPINE,  GA., SEPTEMBER  10,   1863. 

CHICKAMAUGA,  GA.,        ....     SEPTEMBER  19-20,  1863. 

WASHINGTON,  TENN.,         .        .       .          OCTOBER   i,   1863. 

PAINT  ROCK,  ALA., OCTOBER  30,   1863. 

CLEVELAND,  TENN.,     ....          NOVEMBER  27,   1863. 

CALHOUN,  TENN.,       .        .       .    "   .       .     DECEMBER  16,   1863. 

DECATUR,  ALA.,      ...  .         MAY  26,  1864. 

MOULTON,  ALA.,  MAY  29,   1864. 

NOONDAY  CREEK,  GA.,     .        .        .         JUNE   15,   1864. 

LOVEJOY  STATION,  GA.,       .       .        .     AUGUST  20,   1864. 

ATLANTA  CAMPAIGN, 

EBENEZER  CHURCH,  GA APRIL   i,   1865. 

SELMA,  ALA., APRIL  2,   1865. 

COLUMBUS,  GA., APRIL   16,   1865. 

(1) 


1st  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


FIELD   AND   STAFF. 

Mustered  in  Oct.  5,  1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  0.,  by  John  R.  Edie,  Major  loth  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.      Mustered  out 

Sept.  13, 1865,  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  by  Leslie  Smith,  Brevet  Major  and  Captain  1st  Infantry, 

U.  S.  A.,  and  Commissary  Musters,  District  of  South  Carolina. 


Names. 

Rank. 

si 

60 

<! 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Owen  P.  Ransom  

Colonel 

43 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Resigned  Dec.  16,  1861. 

Minor  Milliken  

....do.... 

27 

Aug.  24,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted    from    Major    Jan.    11,    1862;     dis 

charged  March  15,  1862;  re-instated  June  6, 

1862;  killed  Deo.  31,  1862,  in  battle  of  -Stone 

River.  Tenn. 

Beroth  B.  Eggleston  

....do.... 

43 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  Major  from  Captain  Co.  E  June 

20,  1862;    to  Colonel  April   1,  1863;    Brevet 

Brig.  General  March  13,  1865;   mustered  out 

with  regiment  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Thomas  C.  H.  Smith  

Lt.  Col. 

42 

Aug.  23,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  Dec.  31,  1862,  but  not 

mustered:    to  Brig.  General  to  date,  Nov. 

29,  1862. 

James  Laughlin  

....do.... 

40 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  Major  from  Captain  Co.  B  June 

10,1862;  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Dec.  31,  1862;  re 

signed  April  1,  1863. 

Valentine  Cupp  

....do.... 

30 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  Major  from  Captain  Co.  F  Dec. 

31,  1862;    to  Lieut.  Colonel  April   1,   1863; 

died  Sept.  20,  1863,  of  wounds  received  Sept. 

20,  1863,  in  battle  of  Chickamauga.  Ga. 

Thomas  J.  Pat  tin 

do 

37 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  Major  from  Captain  Co.  L  Dec. 

31,  1862;   to  Lieut.  Colonel  Sept.  20,   1863; 

mustered  out  Nov.  25,  1864,  at  Louisville,. 

Ky.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 

Stephen  C.  Writer  

....do.... 

33 

Aug.   17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  Major  from  Captain  Co.  I  April 

1,  1863;  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Dec.  9.  1864;  mus 

tered  out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Michael  W.  Smith  

M  ajor 

Oct.    31,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Resigned  June  15,  1862. 

Erasmus  B.  Dennison.  .  . 

...do.... 

Nov.  27,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Resigned  June  21,  1862. 

David  A.B.  Moore  

....do  ... 

40  ' 

Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  from  Captain  Co.  D  Sept.  7,  1862; 

killed  Dec.  31,  1862,  in  battle  of  Stone  River, 

Tenn. 

James  N.  Scott  

....do.... 

33 

Aug.  30,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  from  Captain  Co.  M  April  1,  1863; 

mustered  out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,  1865. 

John  C.  Frankeberger.  .  . 

....do.... 

32 

Sept.  11,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Co.  G  from  1st  Lieuten 
ant  and  Regt.  Quartermaster  June  6,   1*62; 

to  Major  Sept.  2(J,   1863;  mustered  out  Jan. 

William  McBurney  

....do.... 

25 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

11,  1865,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  and  Regt.  Quar 

termaster  from  Sergeant  Co.  B  Feb.  19.  1862; 

to    Major    from    Captain    Co.    L    Feb.   28, 

1865;  to  Brevet  Major  U.  S.  Army,  May  19, 

1865;   mustered  out  with  regiment  sept.  13, 

1865. 

Rudolph  Wirth  

Surgeon 

33 

Sept.    7,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Resigned  May  29,  1862;  re-commissioned  Sept. 
3,  1862,  to  date,  Feb.   1,    1862;    discharged 

Nov.  20.  1863. 

Wilson  V.  Cowan  

...do  ... 

45 

Dec.  16,  1863 

3  yrs. 

Resigned  Oct.  4,  1864. 

John  Cannan 

do 

29 

Oct.    10,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Asst.  Surgeon  Oct.  10,  1861;  mus 

tered    out  Nov.  22,   1864,  on  expiration  of 

term  of  service;    commissioned  as  Surgeon 

Dec.  14.  1864,  at  Louisville,  Ky.;   mustered 

out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,  1865. 

John  B.  McDill  

Asst.Sur. 

Aug.  21.  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Feb.  5,  1863. 

Stephen  S.  L'Hommedieu 
William  H.  Scott 

Adjutant 
do 

'26' 
24 

Aug.  22,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Discharged  June  11,  1862. 
Promoted  from  2d  Lieutenant  of  Co.  K  Oct.  1. 

1862;    wounded   Dec.  31,  1862,  in   battle  of 

Stone  River,  Tenn.;  promoted  to  Captain 

Carter  M.  Riggs  

2d  Lt.  & 
Act.  Adj. 

23 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Co.  G,  March  16,  1864. 
Promoted  to  Regt.  Q.  M.  Sergeant  from  Ser 
geant  Co.  G  ;   to  Sergt.   Major  Oct.  —  , 

1862;  to  2nd  Lieutenant  Co.  G  to  date.  Jan. 

1.  1863;  appointed    Act.    Adjutant  July  9, 

1863;  resigned  June  18,  1864. 

Harvey  Ferguson  

Adjutant 

32 

Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  from  2nd  Lieutenant  Co.  D  June 
25,  1864,  to  date,  May  25,  1864;   mustered  out 

Nov.  25,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 

(3) 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

1 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

If 
|l 

Remarks. 

John  W.  Laughlin  
James  C  Caldwell  

Adjutant 
do 

24 
21 

Jan.    20,  1862 
Jan     yO    1862 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Promoted  to  Sergt.  Major  from  Private  Co.  B 
April  7,  1864;   to  2d  Lieutenant  Co.  I  July 
30,  1864;   to  1st  Lieutenant  Co.  B  Dec.  14; 
1864;    appointed    Adjutant   Dec.    18,   1864: 
promoted  to  Captain  Co.  K  March  18,  1865, 
veteran. 
Promoted  to  Hospital  Steward  from  privite  of 

Carter  B.  Harrison  
John  H  Piatt 

Batt.Aclj 
do 

21 

Oct.    12,  1861 
Oct     10    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  5rrs 

Co.  B  Sept.  1,  1862;   to  1st  Lieutenant  and 
Adjutant    March    18,    1865;    mustered    out 
with  regiment,  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Transferred  to  51st  0.  V.  I.  Oct.  29,  1861. 
Discharged  June  13    1862;    appointed  Captain 

George  P.  Larld  

do 

23 

Aug    13,  1861 

3  yrs 

Addl.  A.  D.  C.  Vols.  July  11,  1862. 

Henry  Topping 

do 

Oct      30    1861 

3  yrs 

taut  from  private  of  Co.  G  Oct.  25',  1861; 
discharged  June  13,  1862. 
Discharged  June  14  1862 

Llewellyn  Gwynne  
Moses  H  Neil  .. 

.    ..do.... 
do 

Oct.    30,  1861 
Dec     19    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Missing    since  ^June  —  ,    1862;    commissioned 
Major   4th    Kentucky    Volunteer    Cavalry 
June  13,   1862;    resigned  as   Lieut.  Colonel 
s;i  me  regiment  Sept.  15,  1864. 
Resigned  June  IS   1862 

Peter  B.  Cool  

R.  Q.  M. 

35 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs 

Promoted  from  2d  Lieutenant  of  Co    F  June 

David  W.  Hart  

James  M.  Allan  
John  D.  Moxley  

Amos  D.  Leib  

Andrew  M.  Bard  

Jeremiah  M.  Drake  
HughH.Siverd  

.  .  .do.  .  .. 

Batt.Q.M 
Reg.  Coin 
of  Subs't. 

....do.... 

....do.... 

Chaplain 
Ser.  Maj. 

23 

46 
24 

20 

*>i 

Sept.  16,  1861 

Oct.    10,  1861 
Aug.  30,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Sept.  20,  1861 

Dec.    13,  1861 
Aug    21,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

16,  1862;    discharged  Dec.  8,  1862. 
Promoted  to  Regt.  Q.  M.  Sergeant  from  Ser 
geant  of  Co.  K  Jan.  4,  1864;  to  1st  Lieuten 
ant  and  Regt   Quartermaster  Dec.  14,  1864; 
to  Captain  March  18,  1865,  but  not  mustered; 
mustered  out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Resigned  Jan.  28,  1862. 

Appointed  from  1st  Lieutenant  Co.  M  Nov.  1, 
1862;  transferred  to  Co.  B  . 
Promoted  to  Batt.  Q.  M.  Sergeant  from  Q.  M. 
Sergeant  Co   F  ;  promoted  to  1st  Lieu 
tenant  and  Regt.  Commissary  of  Subsistence 
from  2d  Lieutenant  Co.   I  April  18.  18o3; 
mustered  out  Jan.  10,  1865,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Promoted  from  Com.  Sergeant  Co.  M  March 
18,  1865;  mustered  out  with  regiment  Sep 
tember  13,  1855;  veteran. 
Resigned  May  29,  1862. 

John  S.  Dollenger  
Emanuel  Deeter  

....do.... 
do 

22 
17 

Oct.    11,  1861 
June  15    1862 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

tenant  Co.  B  Oct.  1,  1862.' 
Promoted  from  private  of  Co.  I  Sept.  8.  18b4; 
discharged  May  26,  1865,  at  Camp  Dennison, 
0.,  on  Surgeon's    certificate    of   disability; 
veteran. 

Joseph  T.  Reynolds  
Franklin  P.  Allen  

Q.M.Ser. 
do 

20 

Sept.  25,  1861 
Sept    22   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

mustered  out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,1865; 
veteran. 
Promoted  from  Sergeant  Co.  F  Dec.  24,  1862; 
reduced  at  his  own  request  and  returned  to 
company  Aug.  1,  1863. 

John  R.  Lindsey  
Charles  Welch  

Com.  Ser. 
Sad  Ser 

24 
26 

Aug.  17,  1861 
Sept   22   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yr-* 

to  1st  Lieutenant   March  18,  1865,  but  not 
mustered;  died  May  25,  1865,  at  Cairo,  111., 
of  wounds  received   April  1,  1865,  in  battle 
of  Ebenezer  Church,  \la.  ;  veteran. 
Promoted   from  private  Co.  B   April  7,  1864; 
mustered  out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,1865; 
veteran  . 

Alexander  C.  Davis  

Chf  Bug 

26 

Au"-    17   1861 

3  yrs 

inoted  from  private  Co.  K  January  4,  1864; 
mustered  out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 

John  Rockel  

do 

2° 

Aug    14   1861 

3  yrs 

~  out  OcT.  671864  "aT'Colum'bia,  TennToiTex" 
piration  of  term  of  service. 

Emanuel  Doty  

John  W.  II.  Noble  
James  H.  Miller  

Hos.Std. 

....do.... 
Chf    Vet 

23 
19 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

mustered  out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,1865; 
veteran. 
Promoted  from  Corporal  Co.  M  June  23,  1862; 
mustered    out    Oct.    6.    1864,    at    Columbia, 
Tenn.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Promoted  from  Sergeant  Co.  B  March  1,  1865; 
mustered  out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,1865; 

George  W.  Smitley  

Surgeon 
....do.... 

42 
30 

Sept.    8,  1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  from  Farrier  Co.   M  Jan.  1,  1862; 
discharged  March  25,  1864,  by  order  of  War 
Department. 
Promoted  from  private  Co.  B  June  26,  1864; 
mustered  out  with  regiment  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


COMPANY   A. 

Mustered  in  August  21,  1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  Howard  Stansbury,  Captain  Topographical  Engineers 

U.  S.  A.,  Mustering  Officer.    Mustered  out  September  13, 1865,  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  by  Leslie 

Smith,  Brevet  Major  and  Captain  1st  U.  S.  Infantry,  Commissary  of 

Musters,  District  of  South  Carolina. 


Names. 

Rank. 

1 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Ii 

0  > 

1* 

Remarks. 

John  H  Robinson  

Captain 

43 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Aug.  16,  1861;  promoted  to  Major 

Noah  Jones           

do      . 

99 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

.June  1,  1862,  but  not  mustered;  died  Oct.  3], 
1862,  at  his  home  at  Washington  C.  11.,  0. 
Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  from  2d  Lieuten 

Joseph  A.  O.  Yeoman  — 

...do.... 

18 
99 

Aug.     6.  1861 
Aug      6   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

ant  April  16,1862;    to  Captain  Oct  31,1862; 
mustered  out  Nov.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  as  private;    promoted    to  2d  Lieu 
tenant  Co.  H  Jan.  29,  1864;   to  Captain  from 
1st   Lieutenant   of    Co.  H   March  18,  1865; 
mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Appointed  Aug   16,  1861;    resigned  April  16 

Albert  E  Chester 

do 

23 

Aug      6    1861 

3  yrs 

1862. 
Mustered  as  Corporal  ;  promoted  to  2d  Lieu 

John  N.  McElwain  
Martin  V  Little  

...do.... 
do  ... 

20 
22 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.  12,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

tenant  April  16,  1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant  Oct. 
31,  1862. 
Mustered  as  Corporal  ;  promoted  to  2d  Lieu 
tenant  Oct.  31,1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant  March 
1,  1864;    discharged  Jan.  28,  1865. 
Promoted  from  1st  Sergeant  of  Co.  G  March 

Marcus  T.  C.  Williams.  . 
George  P.  Barnes,  Sen..  . 

Joseph  W.  Swamley  
Robert  W.Vincent  

John  Backenstoe 

2d  Lieut. 
...do.... 

1st  Sergt. 
...do.... 

Q  M  Ser 

21 
30 

31 

21 

il 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

18,  1865;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept. 
13,1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  as  Corporal;  promoted  to  2d  Lieu 
tenant  March  1,  1864;  to  1st  Lieutenant  Dec. 
14,    1864,  but  not  mustered;  mustered    out 
Jan.  13,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  on  expira 
tion  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  as  a  Corporal;   appointed  Sergeant 
Feb.  22,  1863;    1st  Sergeant  Sept.  18,  1864; 
promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  March  18,  1865; 
mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Appointed  Corporal  ;  Sergeant,  Sept.  18, 
1864;   1st  Sergeant.  May  15,  1865;  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

John  W.  McElwaine 

do 

?0 

Feb.  12,  1864 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  May  15.  1865; 

James  Squire  

Com.  Ser 

30 

Aug.     9,  1862 

3  yrs. 

mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  April  1,  l!-64; 

Henry  C.  Denions  
Abraham  Thomas  

....do.... 

Sergeant 

18 
?5 

Aug.     6,  18bl 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

mustered  out  June  13,   1865,  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Appointed  Corporal  Sept.  9,  1864;    Sergeant, 
March  1,1865;  Com.  Sergeant  June  14,  1865; 
mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Henry  J.  Harrison  
William  McMasters  
Henry  E.  Kingman  

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

21 
23 
26 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  June  23,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  ol  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Abner  R.  Riggins  
John  C.  Ball  

Henry  Keifer 

....do.... 
...do.... 

do     .. 

21 
31 

99 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     9,  1862 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Appointed    Corporal  April  14,  1864;  Sergeant 
Sept.  18,  1864;    mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered    as    private;     appointed   Sergeant 
Sept.  18.  1864:    mustered  out  June  13,  1835, 
at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 
Mustered    as    private;    appointed    Sergeant 

George  P.  Barnes,  Jr.  .  . 
John  Hidy 

....do.... 
..do... 

18 
21 

Aug.    6,  1861 
Aug.    6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Sept.  19,  1864;    mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13.  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal    March  1,  1865;  Sergeant 
April  1,1865;    mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal   Sept.  19,1864;  Sergeant 

June  14.  1865;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

a? 

it 

«5 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

If 

—  t« 

i* 

Remarks. 

Sergeant 

18 

Mch.  26,  1863 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal   Sept.   19,   1864;    Sergeant 

Thomas  J.  Hoover  

Corporal  . 
do  ... 

22 

41 

Aug.    6,  1861 
Aug.    6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

June  14,  1M65;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13.  1865. 
Died  June  9,  1862. 
Discharged  May  10,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

do.... 

99 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged   June    26,  1863,   to  re-enlist  as  a 

...do.... 

21 

Aug.     9,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Hospital  Steward  in  U.  S.  Army. 
Appointed  ;    mustered  out  June  13,  1865, 

.  .  .do  .  .  . 

20 

Aug.  22,  1861 

3  yrs. 

at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 
Appointed  Dec.  1,  1864;   mustered  out  with 

Reuben  B.  Short.  

...do.... 
...do  ... 

25 
18 

Aug.     9,  1862 
Jan.      8,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

company  Sept.  13,  1865:   veteran. 
Appointed  ;    mustered  out  June  13,  1865, 
at   Nashville,  Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 
Appointed  Dec.  18,  1864;   mustered  out  with 

Samuel  Robertson  
William  J.  Resler  
Ripley  M.  Wain  
William  Tudor  
Hiram  B  Fer^u^on 

...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
....do.... 
do  . 

18 
19 

20 
23 

97 

Mar.  30,  18:  i4 
Feb.    13,  1864 
Feb.     7,  1864 
Feb.    15,  1864 
Feb.     3,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  March  1,  1865;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  June  25,  1865;    mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  June  14.  1865;    mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  June  14,  1865;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865 
Appointed    Farrier   Jan.  20,  1865;    Corporal 

do 

18 

Feb     13,  1864 

3  yrs. 

June  14,  1865;   mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  June  14,  1865;   mustered  out  with 

Thomas  D.  McElwain... 
Samuel  L.  Gillespie  

Bugler 
....do.... 
Farrier 

18 
22 
4? 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Aug.  26,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  Julv  25,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Ernest  Benner  

....do.... 

fl7 

Aug.   15,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Transferred  from  Co.  C.  ;    mustered  out 

Thomas  J.  Mooney  
Lenox  Campbell  
AVilliam  H.  Baxley  

....do.... 
Saddler 
....do... 

32 
39 

?,8 

Aug.  22,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice 
Appointed  June  14,  1865;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Dischsuged  Dec.  11,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  ot  disability. 
Appointed  July  1,  1865;   mustered   out  Sept. 

18 

F^b       3    1864 

3  vrs 

J4,  1865,  at  Columbus,  0.,  by  order  of  War 
Department;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

do 

'i7 

Aug      6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Allen  John           

do 

18 

Feb.    13,  1864 

3  vrs. 

term  of  .service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Buckenstoe,  Frederick  W. 
Baldwin   Frank  J 

....do.... 
do 

18 
2fi 

Aug.     9,  1862 
Aug    24    1864 

3  yrs. 

1  yr 

Mustered    out    June  13,    1865.  at    Nashville. 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered    out    June    13,    1865,  at    Nashville. 

Bates  Joseph     

do 

91 

Jan.  19,  1864 

3  vrs 

Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Mates,  Richard  
Blair,  George  W  
Blackemore,  Charles  C.  .  . 

Blaekemore,  Francis  L  .  . 
Blackemore,  Wyatt  D... 
Bloomer,  Jesse    M  

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

18 
18 
22 

20 
18 
23 
18 

Feb.    25,  1864 
Feb.     7,  1864 
Aug.     6,  1861 

Oct.    23,  1863 
Feb.     6,  1863 
Aug.    6,  1861 
\Uo-      6    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Sept.  5,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  June  26,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered   out   May    17,    1865.    at   Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  March  9,  1863. 

Bolin,  Nathan  C  
Brindley,  Samuel  

....do.... 
..do       . 

31 

11 

Mar.    3,  1865 
Aug.     6,  1861 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

Discharged  Sept.  12,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on   expiration  of 

l»ritton    Harvey 

do 

10 

Feb     25    1864 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Burns,  William  

..do  .. 

18 

Feb.    11,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Butts,  Anthony. 

do 

1<\ 

Feb     25    1864 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

By  bee,  John  C  

do  

90 

Oct.    23,  1863 

3  yrs. 

Promoted    to    1st    Lieutenant    Co.    D,    187th 

Clark,  Daniel  B 

do 

?? 

Aug      6    1861 

3  yrs. 

Regiment,  0.  V.  I.,  March  3,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Cleavland,  Wm.  P  
Coleman,  Edward  N  
Collins,  John  

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

22 
22 
04 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.  10,  1861 
Aug      6   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.   13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17  1864,  on  expiration   of 

Cox,  Isaac  II  

...do.... 

21 

Feb.   13,  1864 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


Names. 

Rank. 

£ 

«r; 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

l! 

&% 

Remarks. 

Creary,  John  B  

Private 

9S 

Aug    22    1861 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  «e  t    T    1864 

Cummings,  George  W  — 
Demon,  John  

...do... 
..do  ... 

18 
<>\ 

Feb.    22,  1864 
Aug      6    18H1 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Devore,  Joseph  

...do... 

90 

Feb.  26.  1864 

veteran. 

Devore,  William  
Dickey,  John  

...do.... 
.do.... 

23 

18 

Aug.     6.  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept!  13,'  1865;  vet 
eran. 

do 

20 

Aag      6    1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 

Draper  William 

do 

21 

Feb      9,  1864 

3  yrs 

cute  of  disability. 

Duffee,  Charles  

...do.... 

89 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs 

Duffee,  George  W  

...do... 

21 

Feb.  18.  1863 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13  1865 

Dyer,  Achelous  

...do... 

19 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs 

Edwards,  Elisha  
Elster   Jesse  V         .... 

...do... 
do 

19 
9^ 

Jan.    19,  1864 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Evans,  Richard  D  

do.... 

19 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept  17    1864    on  expiration  of 

Foley,  John  
Fout    Thomas 

....do.... 
do 

23 
23 

Aug.  22,  1861 
Aug      6    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  Feb.  21,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Gaittan,  James  

....do.... 
do 

41 
9q 

Oct.    23,  1863 
Aug      6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Discharged  Sept  20  1862  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Gaskill,  Thomas  J 

do  ... 

19 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept     13    1865; 

Gatlin,  Wm  J     

do  .. 

9Q 

Feb.  24,  1864 

3  yrs. 

veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Givens,  Michael  
Goldsberry,  Monroe  

....do.... 

...do.... 
do 

19 

39 
90 

Aug.     6,  1861 

Feb.  25,  1864 
Feb     13,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.   13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  companv  Sept  13  1865 

Gordon  William  S 

do  ... 

90 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Gunkel,  George  

do  .. 

80 

Feb.    13,  1864 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Died  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Gunning  James  A 

do 

88 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Julv  18,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Harley,  John  G 

do 

96 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Julv  30,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Harper,  Jacob  A  

do      . 

21 

Aug.     9,  1862 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered    out    June    13,   1865,  at   Nashville, 

Hawk,  Josiah  G  
Haymer,  Joseph  

...do... 
do  ... 

21 
21 

Feb.    27,  1864 
Feb.    13,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

do 

20 

Feb      8,  1864 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  companv  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Herald    Amos  J  

.  .  .do      . 

99 

Feb.    16,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "Heread;"  mus 

Hill    John  N 

do 

90 

Aug      6,  1861 

3  yrs 

tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Howe,  Thomas  J  

do  ... 

31 

Aug.     9,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  June  12,  1865.  at  Louisville,  Ky., 

Hughs,  George  W  
Jenkins,  Nelson  B  

....do.... 
...do  ... 

24 

90 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Jennings  Joseph  0 

do 

18 

Feb.   11    1864 

3  vrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Johnson,  James  II  

do... 

19 

Feb.     5,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Judy   Elihu 

do 

19 

Aug    22,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Judy,  Henry  

do     . 

21 

Aug.  22,  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  Oct.  13,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Judy,  Marion  
Kenelty,  Daniel 

....do.... 
do  .. 

18 

91 

Aug.  22.  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Died  July  29,  1863. 

Knotts,  John  R  

...do.... 

18 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Sept.  5,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Leake,  Walter  S 

do 

81 

Feb.    11,  1864 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  t^ept.  13,  1865. 

Lee,  Samuel  G  

...do... 

9,1 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Lewis,  Andrew  J  

do 

31 

Aug.     9,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Mustered   out   May  31,    1865,    at    Nashville, 

Limes,  Henry  S  
Lively  John  C 

....do.... 
do 

19 
3fi 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     9,  1862 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered    out    May    31,    1865,    at    Nashville, 

Long,  William        .  . 

do  .. 

19 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 

McCandless,  George  H.. 
McClelland,  William.... 

McGinnis,  Andrew  J  — 
McLaughlin,  Jonathan.. 

...do... 
....do.... 

...do.... 
....do.... 
do 

19 
24 

30 
28 

Jan.    19,  1864 
Aug.     9,  1862 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered    out    June  13,  1865,    at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Killed  Aug.  2,  1862,  in  action,  while  carrying 
dispatches. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  Nov.  9,  1861. 

ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

9 
U 

< 

Date  of 

Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Martindale,  Thomas  
Miller,  Jacob  D  

Millikan,  William  

Private 
....do  ... 

..do.... 

3(3 
23 

34 

Feb.    13,  1864 
Aug.     6,  1861 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered   out  Sept.   17.   1864,    at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Mitchel,  William  
Nidy  Robert 

....do.... 
do 

19 
W 

Nov.     4,  1863 
Aug      6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "William  L.  ;"  mustered 
out  Sept.  15,  1865,  at  New  York  City,  by 
order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept   17    1864    on  expiration  of 

Painter,  Henry  C  
Parrett  AVillis  

....do.... 
do 

26 
?4 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  May  27,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Pharis,  George  
Pharis  Spencer  C  

....do.... 
do.... 

24 
22 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.  22,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered   out  with  company  Sept    13,  1865; 

Pharis,  William  0  
Plumley,  Granville  
Price,  William  H  
Priddy,  James  

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

20 
22 
2t 

99 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.  22,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

veteran. 
Discharged  Sept.  24,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept   17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Reed,  Hiram  

do 

33 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  Feb.  23,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Reese,  John  L  

..do 

°0 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  March  3,  1865,  at  Columbus  0 

do 

19 

Feb    16    1864 

3  yrs 

on  expiration  of  term  ot  service. 

Rodgers,  John  
Rodgers  Samuel 

....do.... 
do 

23 
21 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug      9    1862 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Died  March  28,  1862. 
Mustered    out    June    13    1865    at    Nashville 

Roselle,  Charles  B  

do 

99 

Aug.     6   1861 

Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Discharged  Jan   25  1863    on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Ross  Seth  

do 

33 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Jan    8  1862    on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Sanders,  John  A  
Saxton,  Lycurgus  
Sears  Ransom  

...do.... 
....do.... 
do 

20 
18 
10 

Aug.     9,  1862 
Mch.  26,  1863 
Feb      6    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered    out    May   31,    1865,    at   Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Discharged  May  18,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Seymour,  Abel  R  

do 

19 

Oct.      5,  1863 

3  yrs 

Discharged  Mav  27  1865  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Shoemaker,  Curtis  M.  .  .  . 
Shreckengaust,  Anthony. 
Silcott,  Francis  M  

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

22 
22 
IS 

Oct.    19,  1863 
Aug.    6,  1861 
Feb    25   1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Dec.  9,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Silcott,  Landon  
Smith,  Jacob 

....do.... 
do 

41 
21 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug    22   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Discharged  Aug.  8,  1862,  at  Columbus,  0.,  on 
Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

Smith,  Morgan  T  

do 

10 

Feb     11    1864 

3  yrs 

veteran. 

Stover,  Benjamin  T  
Straley  John  H 

....do.... 
do 

25 
23 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug      6   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered   out   with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 

Terry,  Anthony  T.  B  
Thomas,  Lewis  C  

....do.... 
.     do 

24 
39 

Aug.     9,  1862 
Aug      9,  1862 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Discharged  May  24,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  May  31  1865  at  Nashville  Tenn 

Thornton,  Amos  
Thornton,  Jonas  L  .. 

....do.... 
do 

29 
*>0 

Aug.     9,  1862 
Au01    19    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  May  31,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 

Thurston,  George  W  
Tidy,  Henry  

...do.... 
do.... 

25 
?8 

Aug.     9,  1862 
Aug.     9,  1862 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

not  mustered;  mustered  out,  Sept.  17,  1864, 
at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 
Mustered    out    June    13,  1865,    at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered    out    June    13    1865    at    Nashville 

Tweedale,  Robert  

Ustick,  George  McJ  
Vincent,  Albert  C  

....do.... 

....do.... 
do 

19 

19 
18 

Aug.     6,  1861 

Aug.     9,  1862 
Feb     25    1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Tweeder;"  died  April 
24,  1864,  at  Andersonville,  Ga.,  while  a  pris 
oner  of  war. 
Mustered    out    May    31,    1865,    at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 

Vincent,  Collins  
Vincent,  William  

Welch,  William  
Wells,  Henton  

....do.... 
...do.... 

....do.... 
do 

23 
19 

31 
18 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     9,  1862 

Aug.  19,  1861 
Feb     18    1863 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  vr« 

Mustered    out   June    13,    1865,  at   Nashville, 
Tenn..  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Killed    March  21,  1865,  at  Cherokee  Station, 
Ala.,  by  accidental  gun  shot;  veteran. 

cate  of  disability. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


Names. 

Rank. 

4 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

-d.2 

Remarks. 

West,  John  W.  

Private 

26 

Aug      6,  1861 

3  yrs 

Williams,  Daniel  F  

do 

29 

Feb     15   1864 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability.. 

Worrell,  Henry  W  

....do.... 

18 

Feb.    11,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 

COMPANY  B. 

Mustered  in  Aug.  17,  1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by    Howard  Stansbury,  Captain  Topographical  Engineers, 

U.  S.  A.,  Mustering  Officer.    Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1865,  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  by  Leslie 

Smith,  Brevet  Major  and  Captain  1st  Infantry,  U.  S.  A  ,  andC.  M.,  D.  S.  C. 


James  Laughlin  
George  F.  Conn  
Hugh  H.  Siverd  

Samuel  W.  Fordyce  .  . 

Captain 
....do..   . 
....do.... 

1st  Lieut. 

40 
23 
21 

2] 

Aug.  16,  1861 
Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  21,1861 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Promoted  to  Major  June  10,  1862. 

Promoted  from  1st  Lieutenant,  June  10,1862: 
resigned  Sept.  20,  1864. 
Promoted  to  Sergt,  Major  from  private  ; 
lid  Lieutenant  Oct.  1,  1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant 
April  1,  1863;  to  Captain  Dec.  14,  1«64;  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Wounded  Oct   2-3,  1861   in  action  at  West  Lib 

John  D.  Moxley  

....do.... 

46 

Aug.  30,  1861 

3  yrs. 

erty,    Ky.;   promoted    from    2d  Lieutenant 
June   10,  1862;   to  Captain  Co.  H.  to  date, 
Dec.  31,1862. 
Transferred  from  Field  and  Staff;  pro 

John  W.  Laughlin  

William  Brooks  
Edwin  L  Hall  

...do.... 

....do.... 
2d  Lieut. 

24 

24 
22 

Jan.  20,  1862 

Aug.  6,  1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

moted  to  Captain  Co.  M  April  1,  1863. 
Mustered  as  private;  promoted  to  Sergt.  Major 
April  7,  1864;  transferred  as  2d  Lieutenant 
from  Co.   I  Aug.  28,  1864;   promoted  to  1st 
Lieutenant  Dec.  14,  1864;   appointed  Adju 
tant  Dec.  18,  1864;  veteran. 
Promoted  from   1st  Sergeant,  Co.  G  Jan.  6, 
1865;  commanded  Co.  F  from  March  1,  1865, 
to  June  1,  1865;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  1st  Sergeant  from  Q.  M.  Sergeant 

Norvell  W  Taylor 

1st  Sergt 

2J 

Aug  17  1861 

3  yrs 

July  16,  1862;  promoted   to   2d  Lieutenant 
Jan.  1,  1863;  to  1st  Lieutenant  Sept.  8,  1864, 
but  not  mustered;  resigned  Sept.  15,  1864. 
Discharged  June  22,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certi 

Ezekiel  Braden  

....do  .. 

?S 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs 

ficate  of  disability. 
Mustered   as  a  private  ;  appointed   Sergeant 

Robert  II.  Barton  

Q.  M.  S. 

?1 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

June  6,  1863;    appointed  1st  Sergeant  Oct. 
7,  1864;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal  March  1,  1864;  Q.  M.  Ser 

Com  Ser 

19 

Aug  17  1861 

3  yrs 

geant  Oct.  7,  1864;  mustered  out  with  com 
pany  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal  March  1,  1864;  Com.  Ser 

William  McBurney  
Justus  C.  Taylor  

Sergeant 
....do... 

25 
19 

Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  17,1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

geant  Oct.  7,  1864;  mustered  out  with  com 
pany  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  and  Regt.  Quar 
termaster  Feb.  19,  1862. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on    expiration  of 

William  Rosemond  
William  Hannum 

..  do.... 
.     do 

21 

97 

Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service 
Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant,  Co.  A,  97th  0.  V. 
I.  .July  11,  1862. 
Mustered  out   Oct.  6,    1864,   on  expiration  of 

John  M  Brown  

.   .  do.. 

19 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  ;  captured 

Martin  T.  Lindsey  
John  W.  H.  Noble  
Charles  W.  Hayes  
Jason  S.  Crossen  

William  H.  C.  Hanna.... 

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 

...  do.... 

25 
19 
19 
19 

19 

Aug.  17,  1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 
Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  17,1861 

Aug.  17,1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Sept.    3D,  1863,  at    Cotton  Port.  Tenn.;no 
further  record  found. 
Appointed  from  Corporal  ;  mustered  out 
Feb.  3,  1865  at  Columbus,  0.,  on  expiration 
of  term  of  service. 
Appointed   Corporal   May  22,  1864;  Sergeant 
Oct.  7.  1864;  promoted  to  Hospital  Steward, 
March  1,  1865:  veteran. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed   Oct.  7,  1864; 
mustered  out  with  company  Sepl.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "John  C.  ;    appointed 
Corporal    Oct.  7,    1864;   Sergeant,   March  3, 
1865;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 
Appointed    Corporal    Oct.    7,    1864;    Sergeant 
April  23,  1865;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

10 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

d 

bC 

<; 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

U 

o  > 
'C  £ 

&£ 

Remarks. 

Stout  P  AVallace  

Sergeant 

22 

Au°-    17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  Oct.  7,  1864:  Sergeant  Mav 

Henry  E.  Bumgardner.  .  . 
George  W.  Gibbs  

Corporal 
...do.... 

do 

21 
29 

2U 

Aug.   17,1861 
Aug.   17,1861 

Autr     17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

I,  1865;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 
Drowned  July  6,  1863. 
Discharged  Dec.  11,  1831,  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Dec  29,  1861  on  Surgeon's  cnrtifi- 

Alexander  C.  Davis  
Moses  B.  Kennedy  

George  Frazier  
Warren  B.  Schnebly  

George  C.  Shuback  
George  W  Shaw  

...do.... 
...do.... 

...do... 
...do.... 

...do.... 
..do.... 

26 
25 

30 
21 

19 
20 

Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.   17,  1861 

Aug.   17,  1861 
Aug.   17,  1861 

Aug.   17,1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Promoted  the  Chief  Bugler  . 
Discharged  Oct.  4,  1864,  at  Columbia,  Tenn  ,  on 
expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out   Oct.  6,  1864,    on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  Snibley;  appointed 
March  1,  1864;  died  Oct.  5,  1864,  at  Atlanta, 
Ga.  ;  veteran. 
Appointed  Oct.  7,  1864;  killed  April  1,  1865,  in 
action  near  Sehna,  Ala  :  veteran. 
Appointed  Oct.  7,  1864;  mustered  out  with  com 

do 

^6 

Aug    17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

pany  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Oct.  7,  1864;  mustered   out    with 

Henry  H  Garrett  

.  do.... 

23 

Feb.    27,  1864 

3  yrs. 

company  Sept.  13,1865;  veteran. 
Appointed    Oct.   7,  1864;  mustered  out  with 

do 

IS 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Dec.  1,  1864;  mustered   out  with 

William  A.  Booher  
JohnT  Bell  ..  .. 

....do.... 
do  .... 

24 
21 

Jan.    20,1862 
Aug.   17,1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  March  1,  1865;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept  13,1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  April  2,   1865;   mustered  out  with 

Seldon  Banker  
Louis  E.  Holland  
Moses  A  Bell 

...do.... 
...do.... 
do 

20 
18 
'?() 

Feb.   24,1864 
Aug.   17,1861 
Aug    17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  April  23.1865;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  May  1,  1865;  mustered    out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  ;  killed  July  1,  1862,  in  action 

Dec     10,  1861 

3  yrs. 

at  Russellville,  Ala. 
Mustered  out  Jan.  10,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 

Ader,  Andrew  M  
Ader,  Benjamin...  
Arbothnot  Samuel  B. 

Private 
...do.... 
do 

21 

19 
4'> 

Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.   17,1861 
Feb.    29,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet  . 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as   Arburthnot;  mus 

Baker  Calvin 

do 

30 

Feb     29,  1864 

3  yrs. 

tered  out  June  9,  1865,  from  hospital  at  Camp 
Dermison,  0.  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  companv  Sept  13,  1865. 

do 

18 

Feb     29  1864 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  April  12,  1866,  at  Columbus,  0  , 

Bates,  \lcxander  .... 

do 

IK 

Feb.    24,1864 

3  yrs. 

to  date  Sept.  13,  1865,  by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 
Mustered  out  with  companv  Sept,  13,  1865. 

do 

49 

Feb     24  1864 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Sept.  26,  1865,  by  order  of  War 

Beard  Robert 

do 

91 

March  5,  186*4 

3  yrs 

Departmeat. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Beyiner,  William  
Bowers  George  W 

...do  ... 
do  .. 

22 
'>f> 

Feb.    29,1864 
Aug    17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Dec.  9,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Brooks,  William  
Brown,  Albert  M  

Brumley,  William  U  
Burnes,  Thomas  H  

Caldwell,  James  C  

...do  ... 
....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 

do 

43 
19 

22 
19 

2] 

Feb.    23,1864 
July    16,1862 

Feb.    24,1864 
Dec.    18,1863 

Jan     20,  1862 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered    out    June    17,    1865,    at    Nashville. 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Captured  Sept.  5,  1864;  escaped  from  prison  at 
Millen,  Ga.,  and  joined  Sherman's  army  Dec. 
24,  1864;  captured  again  March  30,  1865,  when 
with  Wilson's  forces     near  Monte  Valley, 
Ala.;  mustered  out  June  12,  18ti5,  at  Colum 
bus,  0.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Promoted  to  Hospital  Steward  Sept.  1.  1X62; 

Cal  vert,  Francis  C  
Carey  Isaac  R  .... 

....do.... 
do 

39 
'W 

Aug,  17,1861 
Aug.  17,  1S61 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

to    1st    Lieutenant    and    Adjutant    March 
18,  1865:  veteran. 
Discharged  Dec.  9,  1861,  on   Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Aug.  6,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Caskey,  Samuel  

do 

21 

Dec.    16,  1863 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1X65. 

Clayton,  Joseph 

do 

is 

\ug    17  1861 

3  yrs 

Transferred  to  Co    C.,  1st  Mississippi  Marine 

Coe,  John  W  

do 

*>] 

Aug    17  1861 

3  yrs 

Brigade  ;   mustered  out  Jan.  20,   1865, 
with  Co.  D,  1st  Mississippi  Marine  Brigade, 
by    order   of    War    Department,    to    which 
transferred  from  Co.  C. 
Discharged  Nov.  22,  1861,  on  Surgeon  s  certifi 

Cromer,  William  K  
Crupper,  Elisha  
Cunningham,  James  L. 
Davis,  William  

...do... 

...do... 
....do... 
do 

45 
44 
21 
18 

Feb.    11,1864 
Feb.    17,  1S64 
Aug.  17,  1S61 
Feb.    17   1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

cate  of  disability. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Died  March  17,  1864. 

Daw,  William  A 

do 

22 

Feb     24  1864 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  companv  Sept  13,  1S65. 

Decker,  Theodore  A...   . 

....do... 

22 

Feb.    29,1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  18i>5. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


11 


Names. 

Rank. 

4 

Date  of 

Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Dugan,  Thomas  

Private 

38 

Jan.    20,  1S62 

3  yr» 

Died  May  21    1864  in  prison  at  Andersonville 

Eaton  Joel  H 

do 

W 

Aug    17  1861 

3  yrs 

Georgia. 

Errington,  Thomas  
Fife,  Jacob  L  

....do.... 

...do... 
...do  .. 

30 

27 

1M 

AUK,   17,  1861 

Feb.    26,  1864 
1'Yb     V4,  18(>4 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3   yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

do 

IS 

Feb     29  1864 

3  yrs 

do... 

4?, 

Feb.    29,  1864 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 

Garrett  John  W    

....do.... 

28 

Feb.    27,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  May  19    1865  at  Columbu*    0    on 

Gaston,  Alexander  J  — 

...do... 
do  . 

43 
35 

Feb.    22,1864 
Aug.   17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  >  is. 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability;  leg  ampu 
tated. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  July  18    1862    on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Gibson,  Samuel  B  

....do.... 
do 

18 
32 

Feb.  24,  1864 
Au"    17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  June  3    1862    on  Surgeon's  certifi 

do 

21 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

c.'ite  of  disability. 
Discharged  June  12  1862  on  Surireon's  certifi 

Hall,  Edward  H  
Hall,  John  W  

....do.... 
...do... 

21 
IS 

Aug.  17,  1861 
Antg.   17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration    of 
term  of  service. 

Hareholtzer,  John  C  
Heald,  William  

....do.... 
....do.... 

22 
21 

Feb.     8,  1864 
Aug.   17,  1861 

3  vrs. 
3  vrs. 

Died  Sept.  5,  1864,  at  Jonesboro,  Ga. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on   expiration  of 

Hood  Charles  F 

do 

3d 

Aug    17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  Aug  —  1862,  at  Camp  Dennison 

do     . 

36 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

0.,  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

do 

25 

^u"    17  1861 

3  yrs 

Discharged  Jan  29  1862  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Jeffries    David  T 

do 

IS 

Feb,    20,  1864 

3  vrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept  14,  1865,  at  New  York  City 

do  .. 

29 

Feb.    26,  1864 

3  yrs. 

by  order  of  AVar  Department. 
Died  March  19,  1864. 

Johnson,  Ferdinand  S.  .  . 

....do.... 
do 

23 
19 

Feb.    27,  1864 
Aug.    17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Johnston,  Samuel  
Kennedy,  Joseph  R  
Kimble,  James  V  

....do.... 
....do.... 
...do... 

24 
23 
21 

Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.   6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  Dec.  18.1861. 

Kimble,  Nathan  
Leeper,  John  A  
Lindsey,  John  R  

....do.... 
....do.... 
...do.... 

19 
18 
24 

Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs  . 

Discharged  Jan.  14,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
care  of  disability. 
Discharged  Dee.  9,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Promoted  to  Regt.  Com.  Sergeant  Jan.  4,  1864; 

do 

91 

\ug    17,  1861 

'3  yrs. 

veteran. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Lowry  Alexander  L 

do.... 

90 

Jan     20,  1862 

3  vrs. 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  Aug.  30,  1864,  at  Columbus,  0.,  on 

McCluskey,  Joseph  .... 

do 

19 

Aug.   17,  1861 

3  vrs. 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Discharged  April  23,  1863,  en  Surgeon's  certifi 

McCraery.  John  L  
McCune,  John  B 

...do.... 
do 

20 
IS 

Aug.  17,1861 
Feb     22,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Drowned  April  24,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  1.3,  1865. 

McMullin,  Alexander  

....do.... 
do 

24 
91 

Aug.  17,  1861 
\ug    17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Killed  July  1,  1862,  in  action  at  Russellville. 
Ala. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,    1865; 

Mackev.  James  T 

do 

16 

Mch.     6,  1865 

1    yr. 

veteran.                            i 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Miles,  David  

...do  .. 

fll 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Died  Oct.  16,  J8H3. 

Miller,  Louis 

do 

21 

Feb.    23,1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  comnany  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Morris,  Samuel  

...do.... 

?,] 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Moore,  Hiram 

do 

35 

Au&    28,  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  March  1,  1862,  on  Surgeon  s  certifi 

Nicholson,  Erastus  II.  ... 

Parker,  George  W  
"Robinson,  John  M  
Rose,  Vincent  F  

Ryan,  Thomas  C  

....do.... 
...'.do.... 

.  .  .  .uO    .  .. 

....do.... 
....do.... 

22 

19 

IS 
19 

19 

Aug.  17,1861 

Feb.    25.  1864 
Feb.    25,  1864 
Aug.   17,1861 

Aug.   17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 
o  yrs. 

3  vrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Aug.  9,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 

Mustered  out  Sept.  8,  1865,  at  Columbus,  0., 

Schmidt,  John  A  
Shear  Joseph 

...do... 

do 

30 
31 

Aug.  17.1861 
Feb.    22,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

by  order  of  AA  ar  Department;  veteran. 
Died  Dec.  29.  1861. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Snipman,  George  M  
Sills,  Jonathan  

Skinner,  Harrison  
Smith,  Walter  C  

...do   .. 
....do.... 

do... 

....do.... 

20 

u 

23 
26 

Aug.   17,1861 
Sept.  20,  1864 

Feb.    27.1864 
Aug.   17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

1  yr. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Died  Aug.  15,  1864. 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as   "Sells;"  mustered 
out  July  27,  1865,  at  Camp  Dennison,  0.,  by 
order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct-  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

12 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

o 
be 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Ij 

'!& 

£cc 

Remarks. 

Smitley,  George  W  
Spence,  David  P  

Private 
do  ... 

30 
?4 

Aug.  17,  1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  Regt.  Veterinary  Surgeon  June 
26,1864;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Steel  "William 

do 

">8 

Aug  17  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Stewart  John  13  

do 

23 

Aug  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Swingle,  George  I  
Taylor  Daniel 

....do.... 
do 

29 
SO 

Aug.  17,  1861 
Sept  20  1864 

3  yrs. 
1  yr 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  Nov.  26,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Au^   17,  1865,  at  Cincinnati,  0., 

do 

17 

Aug  17,  1861 

3  yrs 

by  order  of  War  Department. 
Died  Jan.  1,  1862 

Terrell,  David  F  

do     . 

99 

Jan.  20,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Captured  Sept.  30,  1863,  at  Cotton  Port,  Tenn.  ; 

Thompson,  John  K  

Todd,  George  M  
Valentine,  James  

....do.... 

....do.... 
do     .. 

24 

19 
18 

Aug.  17,  1861 

Feb.  23,  1864 
Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

died  June  3,  1864,  in  prison  at  Danville,  Va. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,   1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company    Sept.  13,  1865; 

Vandyke,  Arthur  
Vanhorn,  George  F  

...do.... 
do 

35 
19 

Feb.    22,1864 
Aug     17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

veteran. 
Died  Aug.  25,  1864,  at  Vining  Station,  Ga. 

Vansickle,  Augustus  H.  . 
Ward,  Mark  E     

....do.... 
do 

24 
90 

Aug.    17,1861 
Aug     17,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out   Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  Dec.  9,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Watt,  Joseph  W  
Webster,  Herschel 

...do... 
do 

27 

IS 

Aug.    17,1861 
Jan      20  1862 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Died  Dec  26  1863,  in  prison  at  Danville,  Va 

Webster,  Stocton  
Wharton,  William 

....do... 
do 

18 
9I 

Feb.    22,  1864 
Aug    17  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct    6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Williams,  Austin  P  

...do... 
do 

23 

Feb.      8,  1864 
Sept      3  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  ont  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  May  22  1862  at  Louisville,  Ky. 

COMPANY  C. 

Mustered  in    Sept.  12,1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  Howard  Stansbury,  Captain  Topographical  Engineers,  and 
John  R.  Edie,  Major  15th  Infantry.  U.  S.  A.  Mustering  Officers.    Mustered  out    Sept.  13,  1865,  at 
Hilton  Head,  South  Carolina,  by  Leslie  Smith,  Brevet  Major  and  Captain  1st  U.  S.  In 
fantry,  Mustering  Officer  and  Commissary  of  Musters,  District  of  South  Carolina. 


Nathan  D.  Menken  

Captain 

24 

Aug.     7,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Aug.  21,  1861  ;  resigned  Dec.  2,  1862. 

Samuel  N.  Stanford  

....do  ... 

23 

Aug.  15,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  2d  Lieutenant   Aug.  21,  1861;  pro 

moted  1st  Lieutenant  Nov.  7,  1862;  Captain 

Dec.  2,  1862. 

Jacob  K.  Kuhn  

....do.... 

25 

Aug.     7,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted    to    2d    Lieutenant  from  Sergeant 

Nov.  7,  18<)2,  to  1st  Lieutenant  Dec.  2,  1862; 

Captain  May  9,  1864;  mustered  out  Jan.  13, 

1865,  at  Nashville,   Tenn,  on  expiration  of 

term  of  service. 

Henry  Krumdick     

do 

22 

Aug.  25,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  ;    1st.   Sergeant   Oct. 

1,1863;  promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  May  9, 

1864  ;  to  Captain  to  date  Jan.  6,1865;  mus 

tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 

eran  . 

Restcome  R.  Kirby  

1st  Lieut. 

30 

Aug.     7,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Aug.  21,  1861;  resigned  Nov.  7,  1862. 

James  Moore,  Jr  

....do.... 

21 

Aug.     7,  1861 

'3yr>. 

Appointed  Corporal  ;  Sergeant  Jan.  1,1862; 

1st  Sergeant  May    9,  1864;   promoted  to    1st 

Lieutenant  March  IS,  1865;  mustered    out  to 

date  Sept.  13,  1866;  veteran. 

Charles  W.  Florence  

2d  Lieut. 

24 

Aug.  15,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  1st  Sergeant    from  Q.  M.  Sergeant 

—  ;  promoted  to   2d    Lieutenant    Dec.    2, 

1863;  resigned  April  8,1864, 

John  A.  Drexel  

1st  Sergt. 

38 

Aug.  15,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Jan.  8,   1863,  at  Gallipolis,  0.,  on 

John  W  .  John  son  

do 

19 

Aug.     7,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Appointed  Corporal  :    Sergeant  Sept.   18, 

1864;  1st  Sergeant  May  15,  1865;  died  July  7, 

1865,  at  Oakley  Station,  S.  C.,  of  wounds  re 

ceived  in  line  of  duty;  veteran. 

Daniel  Donovan  

....do.... 

22 

Aug.  15,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Dec. 

20,  1863:  1st  Sergeant  July  8,  1865;    mustered 

Samuel  C.  Bixby  

Q.  M.  S. 

28 

Aug.     7,  1861 

3  yrs. 

out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal  ;  Q.  M.  Sergeant  ; 

discharged  Feb.  17,  1863,  at  Annapolis,   Md., 

on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


13 


Names. 

Rank. 

£ 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

John  Camm  

Q.  M.  S. 

Sergeant 
...do.... 

do 

21 

26 
42 

22 
23 

23 
22 

28 

30 

20 

38 

22 

25 
21 

23 
25 
19 
27 

21 

19 
20 
19 
36 

27 
28 

30 
43 

27 
18 
23 

22 
19 

30 
25 

25 

23 
29 

25 

Oct.    1,     1862 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug.  25,  1861 

Aug.  17,  1861 
Sept.  30,  1862 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug.  7,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug.  7,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug.  25,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug.  7,  1861 

Sept.  30,  1862 
Aug.  21,  1861 
Oct.  2,  1862 
Sept.  29,  1862 

Aug.  15,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug.  .7,  1861 

Aug.  25,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Sept.  28,  1862 

Sept.  4,  1861 
Aug.  25,  1861 

Aug.  20,  1861 
Aug.  20,  1861 
Sept.  30,  1862 

Sept.  30,  1862 
Aug.  7,  1861 

Aug.  21,  1861 
Jan.  14,  1864 

Aug.  7,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Sept.  8,  1861 

Aug.  25.  1861 
Aug.  25,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 

Jan.  28,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs, 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  Oct.  1,1863;  Sergeant  Feb. 
1,  1865  ;Q.   M.   Sergeant  July  9,   1865;   mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Discharged  Nov.  29,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Appointed    Corporal    Nov.  1,  1862;  Sergeant 
Sept.  18,   1864;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed    Corporal   Deo.  20,  1863;   Sergeant 
Feb.  1,   1865;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13.  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal  Dec.  20,  1863;   Sergeant 
Feb.  1,    1865;   mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  ;  captured 
Nov.    5,    1863,    at     Dartwood,     Va  ;     mus 
tered   out  Jan.   28,  1865,  at  Columbus,  0., 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Discharged  July  12,    1862,    near    Alexandria, 
Va.,  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Killed    Aug.    9,    1862,    in  the  battle  of   Cedar 
Mountain,  Va. 
Died  July  28.  1863. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  Sept.  28,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "Bahaw;"  appointed 
June  1,  1864;  mustered   out    with    company 
Sept.  13,1865;   veteran. 
Appointed  Feb.  1,  1865;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed    Feb.    1.    1865;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Feb.   1,1865;    mustered   out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Feb.  1,  1865;  mustered  out  June  19, 
1865  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "Adam  Auth;"  ap 
pointed  ;  mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  at 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  on  expiration  of  term    of 
service. 
Discharged  Jan.  3,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864.  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Appointed  Sept.  18,  1864;  died  Sept.  21,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Transferred  to  Co.  A  . 
Appointed  ;  mustered  out  June  li,  1865,  at 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Depart 
ment. 
Appointed  Dec.  20,  1863;    mustered  out  with 
company,  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Discharged  July  18.  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Discharged  Dec.  20,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 

Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "Bowes;"  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out_Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  June  4,  1864. 
Mustered  out   Sept.   17,    1864,    at  Nashville, 
Tenn..  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Died  March  3,  1864. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  186o; 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

I 

Hays  Clark      

John  J.  Johnson  
James  Weiland  
Philip  Kleiber 

...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 

Gustavus  A.  Springer  — 
Lewis  Noser    

...do.... 

Corporal 
do 

Benjiniin  F.  Maynard... 
John  Petennan  

...do... 
...do.... 

do 

do 

Fnincis  II  Gilker 

do    .. 

do 

Albert    Hirst      

do  ... 

David  P.  Fouts  
William  Auth      

....do.... 
do  ... 

Henry  G.  Burr  

Bugler 
....do.... 
do  ... 

David  H.  Cummings.  .  .  . 
Paul  During        

Janiis  Kirk  

B.  Smith 

Farrier 
do     . 

Henrj7  Hertz      

Alexander  J.  Proctor  — 
Eli  Freeman  

Saddler 
Wagoner 

Private 
....do... 
....do.., 

do 

Acres,  Thomas  
Atherton.  Washington  0. 
Bungs,  Stephen  D  

Bird.  Benjamin  F  

....do... 
do 

Bowas,  J  ames  
Bowers,  George  

....do... 
....do... 
do  .. 

Brichl,  Stephen  

..   .do... 
do 

Collins   Alfred  

....do... 

...do... 
...do... 

21 

18 

27 

40 

Davis,  William  

Deaupo,  James  

do... 

14 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

& 
^ 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Flattich  Christian  

Private 

33 

Aug.  21,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Fernshill,  Thomas  W  
Forsyth,  William  E  

Gadili1*  Jonathan  J  

.  .  .do  .  .  . 
....dc.... 

do     .. 

24 
20 

IS 

Aug.     7,  1861 
Dec.    26,  1863 

Sept.  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 

Discharged  Aug.  2,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 

Garbeson,  T.  G  

..  do.... 

23 

Aug.  15,  1861 

3  vrs. 

eran. 
Transferred    to    2nd   United   States   Cavalry 

do 

35 

Sept.  30,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Oct.  31,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Guarberson,  John  J  
Haley    Patrick 

....do.... 
do 

23 

19 

Dec.    20,  1863 
Sept.     1,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Hampton,  William  

...do.... 
do 

18 
19 

Oct.      2.  1862 
Sept.    1,  lf<61 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Dec.  2,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Harrod,  John  Wesley  — 

Hill,  Charles  
Hollowny  G  AV 

....do.... 

...do.... 
do 

19 

20 
IS 

Aug.  25,  1861 

Aug.     7,  1861 
Aug.  15,  L>61 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

cate  of  disability, 
Mustered  out  Sept.  19,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Died  May  26,  1864. 

Hull,  JoelD  

....do.... 
do 

18 
24 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug    15    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  23,  1864,  on   expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Jeffries,  Ambrose  
Keesecker,  George    B  
Kennedy,  Moses  

...do... 
....do.... 
do 

lf» 
20 
21 

Sept.  30,  1862 
Dec.    26,  1863 
Oct.      1,  1«62 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Kohler,  Lewis  

.  .  .do     . 

?6 

Aug.  15,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Died  Oct.  28,  1863. 

Latchford  Richard     

do 

9S 

Sept.  29,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Lawson   W   AV 

do 

28 

Aug    15,  1861 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Leroy,  Francis  C  
Lewis,  William  II  

...do... 
.  do 

22 

19 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 

3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  Jan.  13,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Maiden,  AVilliam  I 

do 

17 

Oct       1,  186? 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Meat,  Lafayette  

.     do 

10 

Sept.    4,  1861 

o  yrs. 

Miller,  Henry 

do. 

28 

Aug    25,  1861 

3  vrs 

Miller,  John  

Mooney,  Patrick  
Neargarter,  Henry  

....do.... 

...do... 

do 

23 

29 
19 

Aug.  15,  1861 

Aug.     7,  1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Transferred  to  Company  I  Dec.  16,  1861. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 

Niles.  Henry  P  
Ormston,  AVilliam  
Pete,  Augustus  

....do.... 
....do.... 
...do.... 

27 
20 
19 

Sept.  29,  1862 
Sept.  30,  1862 
Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

eran  . 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 

do 

24 

Oct       1    1862 

3  vrs 

eran. 
Transferred  to  Navy  May  19  1865  by  order  of 

Puntier,  Henry  

do 

91 

Aug.  15,  1861 

3  yrs 

AVar  Department. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Henry    Poucer;"  dis 

Randolph,  Edward  L  
Relly,  John 

...do... 
do 

32 

20 

Aug.     7,  1861 
Au01    20    1861 

3  yrs. 

charged  Oct.  13,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certificate 
of  disability. 
Died  Aug.  3,  1863. 

Schrnittker,  Henry  
Schmittker,  Lewis  

Schmittker,  AVilliam.... 
Seddons,  Albert  
Shields,  John  II  

Sif  red  ,  John   

...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
'.'..do'.'.'.. 
do 

23 

27 

18 

26 

IS 

Aug.  25,  1861 
Aug.  25,  1861 

Aug.  25,  1861 
Sept.  29,  1862 
Sept.  28,  1862 

Sept    30,  1862 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Sept,  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864.  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  Nov.  22,  1861. 

Mustered   out   June  17,   1865,    at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  AVar  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  companv  Sept.  13    1865. 

Singclair,  John 

do 

43 

Aug      7    1861 

Also  borne  on  rolls  as    "Sinclair;''   discharged 

Smith,  John  II  

...do... 

94 

Oct.       1,  1862 

3  yrs. 

March  15,  1862,  on  Surgeon's   certificate  of 
disability. 

Smith,  Thomas  
Steinbrick,  Francis  

...do.... 

...do.... 

20 
4'?, 

Jan.    14.  1864 
Aug.  15,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  18(55. 
Discharged  Jan.  24,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Stevens,  Henry  

do 

l)l 

Oct.      1,  1862 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  May  29,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Stone,  Daniel  L  

do... 

24 

Sept.    1,  1861 

3  vrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Died  June  9,  1862. 

Stringham,  AVilliam  
Sweeney,  Thomas  
Teneyk,  Daniel  

...do... 
...do... 
do 

20 
40 
31 

Aug.     9,  1863 
Jan.    18,  1864 
Aug    15,  1S61 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "AA7illiam  II." 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,_1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept    17,    lKti4,  on  expiration  of 

Tirolf,  Joseph 

do 

•*) 

Aug    21    1861 

3  vrs 

term  of  service. 

Thompson,  Hiram  

do 

IS 

Aug    25,  1H61 

3  vrs 

Trimp,  Martin  . 

do 

99 

Oct       2    1862 

Upham,  Firman  
Vinten,  Pierce     

...do.... 
do 

23 
22 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug    20    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,   1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Volodime,    Many  

...do.... 

39 

Aug.  15,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,   1864,  on   expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


15 


Names. 

Rank. 

£c 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Webb,  Albert  

Private 

21 

Sept.  29,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Feb.  10,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

White,  James  M  
Willhouse,  Anthony  

Willhouse,  Henry  

Williams,  George  A.  F... 
Wilson,  William  R  
Yockee,  Frederick  

...do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do  ... 

23 
21 

19 

18 
18 
25 

Sept.  30,  1862 
Aug.  15.  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 
Jan.     4,  1864 
Sept.  12,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  Feb.  19,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept.    17,    1864,     at  Xashville, 
Tenn.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 

COMPANY  D. 

Mustered  in  Aug.  31, 1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  Howard  Stansbury,  Captain  Topographical  Engineers,  U.  S. 

A.,  Mustering  Officer.   Mustered  out  Sept.  13, 1865,  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  by  Leslie  Smith,  Brevet 

Major  and  Captain  1st  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  Commissary  of  Musters, 

District  of  South  Carolina. 


David  A.  B.  Moore  
Samuel  G.  Hamilton  — 

Leonard  Envin  

Captain 
....do.... 

....do.... 

40 
32 

25 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Aug.  30,  1S61  ;  promoted  to    Major 
Sept.  7,  1862. 
Appointed  1st  Lieutenant  Aug.  30,  1861;  pro 
moted    to  Captain  Sept.    7,  1.862;    resigned 
April  22,  1863. 
Transferred  from  Co.  O   June  6,  1863;  trans 

William  H    Scott 

do 

94 

Aug      5,  1861 

3  yrs 

ferred  to  Co.  G   Aug.  8,  1864. 
Promoted     to    2d  Lieutenant     Co.  K     from 

James  W.  Kirkendall.  .  . 

Lewis  M.  Thayer  
Ira  Stevens        

• 

....do.... 

1st  Lieut. 
2d  Lieut. 

23 

21 
34 

Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Q    M.   Sergeant  June  10,   1862:   transferred 
from    Co.    G    Aug.  8,  1864;  died  Sept.    22, 
1864,  of   wounds    received    Aug.    20.     1864, 
in  the  battle  of  Lovejoy  Station,  Ga, 
Wounded  Oct.  8,  1862,  in  the  battle  of  Perry- 
ville.  Ky.  ;  promoted  to  2nd  Lieutenant  from 
1st  Sergeant  Jan.  1,  1863;  to  1st  Lieutenant 
March  31,   1864;  to    Captain   Jan.  6,  1865; 
mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Promoted  from  Sergeant  Co.  H    Jan.  6,   1865; 
mustered  out  to  date  Sept.  13,  1865;    vet- 
Appointed  Aug.  30,  1861;  died  Oct.  31,  1862,  at 

Samuel  H.  Putnam  

....do.... 

25 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Danville,  Ky. 
Promoted  from  Q.  M.  Sergeant  Co.  L   Nov.  20, 

Harvey  Ferguson  
Charles  H.  Goodrich  

....do.... 

1st  Sergt. 
Com   Ser 

32 

18 

?o 

Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.  26,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant  Co.  L  Feb.  11,  18U3, 
to  date  Sept.  7,  1862. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  ; 
promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  Co.  11  April  18, 
1863;  transferred  from  Co.  H  ;  promoted 
to  1st    Lieutenant    and  Adjutant  to    date 
May  25,  1864. 
Appointed  Sergeant  from  Corporal  Oct.  2,  18t>2; 
1st  Sergeant  ;  promoted  to  1st  Lieuten 
ant  Co.  M  June  28,   1865,  to  date,  March 
18,  1865. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Jan. 

Jame*  Linton 

Sergeant 

21 

Aug,     5,  1861 

3  vrs. 

31,    1863;    Com.    Sergeant    March    1,  1864; 
participated    in    the    capture    of    Jefferson 
Davis  ;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 

E.  A.Trowbridge  

.  .  .  .do  
do      . 

28 
^0 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Oct.   6,    1864,    on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  Jan.  21,  1863,  at  Columbus.  0.,  on 

Frank  Bills 

do  ... 

?4 

Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Jan.  14,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Daniel  Shobbell  
Adin  Harper  

....do.... 
do  .... 

40 
18 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Appointed  from  Corporal  Jan.  4,  1864;  missing 
Aug.  19,  1864.  in  the  battle  of  Lovejoy  Station, 
Ga.;  no  further  record;  veteran. 
Wounded  Dec.  31,  1862,  in  the  battle  of  Stone 

Henry  Wheeler  

....do.... 

29 

Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

River,  Tenn.;  appointed  Corporal  March  1, 
1864;    Sergeant  Nov.  1,  1864;   mustered  out 
with  company  Sept  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal   March  1,  1864:    Sergeant 
Nov.  1,  1864;  wounded  April  15,  1865.  in  ac 
tion   at  Columbus,  Ga.;   mustered  out  with 
companv  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

16 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

£ 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 

Service. 

Remarks. 

Theodore  Stevenson  

Sergeant 
do 

21 
18 

Aug.    5,  1861 
Aug    26,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Thaddeus  Stevenson;" 
appointed  Corporal  March  1,1864;   Sergeant 
Nov.  1,  1864;  mustered  out  with   company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Nathan  Finegan  

do     . 

25 

Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

pointed   Corporal    March  1,  1864;  Sergeant 
Nov.    1,1864;    mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal  ;  Sergeant  Oct  28  1862  ' 

Alvin  Thompson  
Moses  S  Lahue  

...do.... 

24 
22 

Aug.  26,  1861 
Aug      5    1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

detatched  as  draughtsman  in  Topographical 
Engineer  Department  from  March  11,  1863, 
to  Sept.  20,  1864;  mustered  out  Oct.  6.  1864, 
at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  ;  mustered 
out  Oct.  6,  1864,  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  on  ex 
piration  of  term  of  service. 

James  Z.  Milligan  

do 

24 

Aug      5,  1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Captured  April  19  1863  at  Stone  River  Tenn  ' 

Henry  C  Ellis  

do 

^0 

Aug      5   1861 

3  yr^ 

mustered  out  Oct.  6,   1864,  on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Wesley  Realhorn  
Charles  J  Scott 

...do.... 
do 

24 

22 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug    26   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Veteran  Reserve  Corps  ,  from  which  dis 
charged  March  28,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out.  Oct.  6,    1864,   on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  May  8  1862 

Charles  Wells  
Andrew  Casteel  .  ,  
Joseph  Cross  .  ... 

...do.... 
....do.... 
do 

22 
18 
25 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 
Au<*      5    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Discharged  Oct.  7,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate 
of  disability. 
Appointed    Aug.  1,   1864;  mustered  out   with 
company  Sept,  13.1865;  veteran. 

William  Shepard  

do 

24 

Oct       6    1863 

3  yrs 

company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Mason  H.  Palmer  
William  Benjamin  

....do.... 
•  do 

18 
37 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Au0"    22   1861 

3  yrs, 
3  yrs 

company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Nov.  1.  1S64;   mustered    out  Sept. 
15,  1865,  at  New  York  City,  by  order  of  War 
Department;  veteran. 

Marcenus  Cole  
Samuel  D.  Palmer  
David  E.  Sandles  
James  S.  Hastings  

....do.... 
....do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 

Bugler 

18 
41 

20 

28 

19 

Aug.  26,  1861 
Jan.    14,  1864 
Aug.  22,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

A  no-         ^      1S61 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

q  vr< 

company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Nov.  1,   1864:    mustered    out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Nov.    1,  18<>4;   mustered  out    with 
company  S*pt.  13,  186o. 
Appointed    Nov.  1,1864;  mustered    out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  ;   transferred  to  137th  Co.,  2nd 
Battalion  Veteran  Reserve  Corps  ,  from 
which  mustered   out  Aug.  31,  1864,  on  expi 
ration  of  term  of  service. 

Russell  B.  Montgomery.. 
Joseph  Deveraux  

....do.... 
B.  Smith. 
Saddler 

18 
19 

27 

Mch.  11,  1864 
Aug.     5,  1861 

rnn        c;    'IStfl 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

q  vra 

partment  from  April  —  ,  1863,  to  Sept.  20, 
1864;  mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  at  Columbia, 
Tenn.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Appointed  Nov.    1,1864;   mustered   out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  18*35. 
Appointed    Nov.  1,1864;    mustered    out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Peter  McFarland  
Daniel  L.  Bellair  

....do.... 

30 
43 

Sept.     3,  1861 
Au0"      5    1861 

3  yrs. 

ISbn,  from  hospital,  New  York  City,  by  order 
of  War  Department. 
Appointed  ;  mustered   out  Aug.  22,  1865, 
from  hospital,  Camp  Dennison,  0.,  by  order 
of  War  Department;  veteran. 

Alward,  George 

23 

Tnn      14    1864 

q   vr<j 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

Anderson,  James  

linker,  Samuel  B  
Barber,  John  

....do.... 

...do... 
do 

22 

35 
40 

Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1864 
\ug    26    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1864. 
Wounded  May  30,  1862.  in  action  at    Boonville, 
Miss.;  injured   April   27,1865,  by  the  explo 
sion  of  _the  steamer  Sultana,  on  the  Missis 
sippi  River,  near  Memphis,  Tenn,;  mustered 
out  May  20,   1865,  by    order  of   War  Depart 
ment;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Barren,  John  

Beverly,  Edward  A  ... 
Beverly,  John  W  
Brooking,  Abraham  
Buckland,  Charles  B  

....do.... 

....do.... 
...do... 
....do.... 
....do  ... 

20 

18 
19 
18 

18 

Aug.  22,  1861 

Mch.  24,  1865 
Mch.  24,  1865 
Mch.    7,  1865 
Feb.    15,  1864 

3  yrs. 

1     yr. 
1    yr. 
1    yr. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


17 


Names. 

Rank. 

s 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Buck!  and  Edwin  R 

Private 
...do.... 
...do.... 

do     . 

29 
22 
41 

23 
19 

27 
38 
18 

24 
19 

23 

38 
23 

18 

21 
18 
22 

22 
18 

21 
45 
18 

21 
20 

21 

24 
25 

20 
31 
23 

19 

21 

24 

20 

17 

17 
19 

22 
17 

20 
29 
20 

IS 
25 

Jan.     5,  1864 
Mch.    4,  1865 
Aug.  26,  1861 

Dec.    27,  1861 

Mch.    7,  1865 
Nov.     6,  1861 

Aug.  26,  1861 
Aug.     5,  18G1 
Feb.    22,  1864 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 
Feb.    23,  1865 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.  26,  1861 
Jan.   14,  1864 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Mch.    2,  1865 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.  26,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Jan.    14,  1864 
Jan.   14,  1864 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.  26,  1861 

Aug.  15,  l«6t 
Nov.  17,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Aug.     5.  1861 
Aug.  26,  1861 

Aug.  31,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.     5,  1861 

Mch.  27,  1865 
Aug.  22,  1861 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1S61 
Aug.     5,  1S61 

1  Mch.  17,  1865 
Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1  vr  . 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept    13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Jan.  14,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Dec.    8,  1864,  on    expiration    of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  S'-pt.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Nov.  5,  1864,  at  Columbia,  Tenn., 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Discharged  Jan  14,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,1865;  vet 
eran. 
Transferred  from  Co.  G  March  —  ,  1S64;  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1*65;  vet 
eran. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "William  L;"   mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out    Oct.    6,    1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  20,  1865,  at  New  York  City, 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Captured  April  1,  1865,  in  the  battle  of  Plan- 
tersville,  Ala.;  mustered  out  Sept.  20,  1865, 
by  order  of  War  Department;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,    18(34,  on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered   out    Oct.    11,  1865.  at  New  York 
City,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vtt- 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Feb.  3,  1864,  on   Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Discharged  Jan.  14,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Wounded  May  30,  1862,  at  Boonville,  Miss.; 
captured  May  25,  1864,  at  New  Hope  Church, 
Ga.;  paroled  Feb.  24.  1865,  at  Aiken's  Land 
ing,  Va.  ;  mustered  out    June    22,   1865,    at 
Camp  Dennison,  0.,  by  order  of  War  Depart 
ment. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  July  24,  1862,  at  Tuscumbia,  Ala., 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  at  Columbia,  Tenn., 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Discharged  June  22,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

|  Discharged  Jan.  14,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Wounded  Dec.  31,  1862,  in  the   battle  of  Stone 
River,  Tenn.;  mustered    out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on 
expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865;  vet- 

Captaured  Dec.  31,  1862,  in  the  battle  of  Stone 
River,  Tenn.;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865:  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out    Oct.  6,    1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  July  24,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 

Burney,  Ezkiel  
Burrows,  Enoch  

Bush,  Charles  

...do... 
...do.... 

...do.... 
do 

Chapman,  George  W  

•Coulter  George  W 

Cox    Prank 

do 

•Cross,  Robert  

...do.... 
do 

iDenman,  William  
Drumm,  Daniel  
Ellsworth,  John  P  

...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
do 

do 

Gamble,  James  
•Gloyd,  Lewis  A  
Harris  William  T 

...do.... 
...do.... 
do 

Hildredth,  Harrison  
Hinton,  George  W  
Holliday,  Thomas  

...do.... 
....do.... 
.  do  .... 
do 

Humbarger,  Adam  

...do... 
...do   . 
do  ... 

1  mhoff    Sebastian  

Ingman,  George  

....do.... 
do 

Jackson,  Harry  

...do.... 

do 

Kelly,  Sherman  D  
Kipp,  William  H  
Landsdown,  Marion  
Lenhart,  Jacob  

....do.... 
....do  ... 
do 

...do... 
....do... 

....do... 
do 

McVay,  Thaddeus  
Mann    Robert 

Marler,  Isaiah  

....do... 
do 

Miller,  John 

do  .. 

Montgomery,  Henry  D.  . 
Moorehead,  George  A..  .  . 

....do... 
....do... 
do 

Mulct,  Lemuel  

...do.... 
do  ... 

18 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

& 

< 

21 

25 

27 
47 

19 

27 

20 
19 

18 

19 
22 

28 

19 

18 

18 
23 
18 

25 
19 

18 
22 

20 
19 

26 

18 

21 
24 

26 
19 

19 
20 

IS 
2S 
19 
IS 

21 

2(5 

18 
36 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Myers,  George  
Myers,  William  II  

Private 
...do.... 

do 

Jan.    11.  1864 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug,     5,  1861 
Aug.  26,  1861 

Nov.  12,  1864 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Mch.  25,1865 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Jan.     5,  1864 

Mch.     9,  1864 
Feb.   27,  1865 

Aug.     5,  1861 

Mch.  25.  1865 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Mch.  24,  1865 
Aug.     5,  1861 
Feb.   15,  1864 

VTch.  24,  1865 
Feb.    22,  1864 

Feb.    29,  1864 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Feb.    23,  1864 
Aug.     5,  1861 

March  8,  1865 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Aug.  21,  1862 
Aug.   26,  1861 

Mch.    7,  1864 
Feb.    15,  1364 

Feb.   15,  1S64 
Jan.     5,  1864 
Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     5,  1861 
Mch.     8,  1865 
Aug.     5,  1861 

Feb.    29,  1864 
Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 

3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

1  yr. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1  yr. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 
1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Died  June  11,  1862,  at  Boonville,  Miss. 
Discharged  June  26,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Also  borne  on  the   rolls  as  "Nahan  Parish;" 
mustered  out   with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Killed  Dec.  31,  1862,  in  the  battle  of  Stone 
River,  Tenn. 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "Charles  w.;"  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1865,-at  New  York  City,. 
N.  Y.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Died  April  11,  1862. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Elvin  J.  ;"  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Borne  on  Detached  Muster  in  roll  as  "Harmon 
Crithman;"    mustered   out   with    company 
Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  June  22,  1862,  on    Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.   13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  June  14,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Transferred     to       Co.     A,     17th     Regiment 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps  ,  from  which  mus 
tered  out   Sept.    16,    1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet- 
Mustered  out  June  17,  1865,  at  Nashville.Tenn., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Discharged  Jan.  14,  1862,  at  Camp  Buell,  Ky., 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Henry  A.;"  discharged 
Aug.  14,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  dis 
ability. 
Died  Sept.  15,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Reported  Dec.    31,  1861;    died    in  hospital  at 
Camp  Chase,    0.,  date  unknown;   medical 
records:  Furloughed  from  hospital  Dec.  26, 
1861,  to  Jan.  26,  1862;  no  further  record. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "David  L;"  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  18(55. 
Discharged  March  17,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  cer 
tificate  of  disability. 

Nugent,  William  
O'Grady,  Thomas  

...do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 

...do.... 
....do.... 

..do.... 
do     . 

Pierce,  Absalom  
Poland,  Wesley  

Poul  ton,   Charles  
Powers  Joseph  W  

Powers,  William  M  
Price,  Davis  

....do.... 
..do  ... 

...do... 
....do.... 

...do... 
...  .do  .... 
....do.... 

...do.... 
....do.... 

do 

Reece    David     

Ricketts  John 

Robertson  John  

Sanborn,  Elvin  

Scratchman,  Harmon  .... 

Smith,  John  J  

....do  ... 
do 

Snider,  Henry  
Staley,   Frederick  

....do.... 
....do.... 

do 

Stevenson,  John  R  
Taylor  Wright  B 

....do.... 
do 

Thorn,  William  N  

do  ... 

Tracy,  Daniel  J  
Turner,  Sylvester  T  

....do... 
...do... 

Vermillion,  Henry  

Vermillion,  Richard  R.. 
Wagy  John  H 

....do.... 

...do.   . 
...do.   . 
....do.   .. 
.  .  .do     . 

Walls,  Wesley  
Wa.rner,  George  

Wheelan,  Thomas  J  
Williams,  Leroy  S      

....do.   .. 
do 

Willison,  David  

....do.... 
do 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY 


COMPANY  E. 

Mustered  in  Aug.  30, 1861.  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  Howard  Stansbury,  Captain  TopoKraphic.il  Engineers.  I 
A.,  and  John  R.  Edie,  Major  15th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.  Mustering  Officers.    Mustered  out  Sept.  13, 1865, 
at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  by  Leslie  Smith,  Brevet  Major  and  Captain  1st  U.  S.  Infantry, 
Commissary  of  Muster?,  District  of  South  Carolina. 


Names. 

Rank. 

4 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

BerothB.  Eggleston  

Captain 

43 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

JohnC.  O'Hara  

....do.... 

|  26 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Jacob  M.   Sullenbevger. 

....do.... 

28 

Aug.  28,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Michael  J.  Alkire  

1st  Lieut. 

34 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Robert  C.  Manlcy  

.   ..do.... 

18 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Alfred  D.  Lutz  

....do.... 

20 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

ErastusR.  McNeal  

2d  Lieut, 

26 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

William  G.  Lawder  

....do... 

19 

Aug.  25,  1861 

3  yrs. 

George  W.     Keys  
Henry  E.  Rector 

1st  Sergt. 
do 

33 
19 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  vr« 

William  H.  Nigh  

...do.... 

23 

Sept.    5,  1861 

O    J  I  fc. 

3  yrs. 

Tarlton  C.  Collins  
Robert  Johns  

Q.  M.  S. 
Corn.  Ser 

42 
27 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Aug.  26,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Jonas  M.  Sees  

Sergeant 

25 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

JohnT.  C.  McKitrick... 
Thomas  V.  Harper 

...do.... 

do 

21 
19 

Aug.  26,  1861 
Aug.  21,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

HughO'Harra  
Jonathan  R.  Casio  

...do.... 

...do.... 

26 
23 

Mch.  21,  1864 
Sept.    3,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Patrick  Skehan  

...do.... 

27 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Frederick  Walter  
Jonas  Smith  
Thomas  Spink  

Daniel  M  Koffman 

Corporal 
.  ..do  
...do.... 

do 

42 
23 
26 

18 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Aug.     8,  1861 
Aug.     8,  1861 

Sept.    3.  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  vrs. 

William  R.  Beaty  
John  McKim 

...do.... 
do 

21 
19 

Sept,    3,  1861 
Oct        2,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Georgo  W.  Vaughn  

...do.... 

21 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Remarks. 


Appointed  Aug.  29,  1861;   promoted  to   Major 

June  20,  186Z. 
Promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  from  1st  Sergeant 

Jan.  9,  1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant  June  20,  1862; 

to  Captain  to  date  June  20,1862;   mustered 
t  Nov.  23,  1864,  at  Louisvil 


out  

piration  of  term  of  service. 


ille,   Ky.,  on  ex- 


Sergeant    of    Co.    I     Dec.    14,    1864;      Capl 
tain  March  18,  1865;  mustered  out  with  com 
pany  Sept  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Aug.  29,  1861;  promoted  to  Captain 
June  20,  1862,  but  not  mustered;  resigned 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant : 

promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  June  20,  1862; 
to  1st  Lieutenant  to  date  June  20,  1862; 
resigned  Jan.  25,  1863. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant 

;  promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  June  20, 

1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant  Feb.  1,  1863;  to  Cap 
tain  of  Co.  M  May  25.  1864. 

Appointed  Aug.  29,  1861;  resigned  Dec.  12, 
1861. 

Promoted  from  1st  Sergeant  of  Co.  I  April 
22, 1863;  transferred  to  Co.  I  . 

Mustered  as  private ;  appointed  Sergeant ; 

1st  Sergeant ;  promoted  to  2d  Lieuten 
ant  of  Co.  F,  April  1,  1863. 

Appointed  Corporal  ;  Sergeant  Feb.  1, 

1863;  1st  Sergeant  ;  promoted  to  2d 

Lieutenant  of  Co.  I,  March  18,  1865; 
veteran. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Feb. 
1,  1863;  1st  Sergeant  May  15,  18_65;  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Mustered  as    private;    appointed   Com.    Ser- 

feant  ;  promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  Co. 
,  Jan.  6, 1865;  veteran. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Feb. 
1,  1863;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Feb. 
1, 1863;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Jan. 
4,  1864;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept. 
13,1865;  veteran. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  April 
1, 1864;  mustered  out  June  5,  1865  at  Camp 
Dennison,  0.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 

Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Crastro;"  appointed 
Corporal  ;  Sergeant  Feb.  10,  1S65;  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 

Appointed  Sergeant  from  Corporal  Feb.  10, 
1865;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865:  veteran. 

Died  Feb.  2.  1863. 

Died  Aug.  9.1862. 

Discharged  Dec.  10,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Appointed ;  mustered  out  with  company 

Sept. 13,  1865:  veteran. 
Appointed  ;  mustered  out  with  company 

Sept.  13. 1865;  veteran. 
Appointed ;  discharged  May  26,186-5,  on 

Burgeon's  certificate  of  disability;  veteran. 


20 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

4 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

William  E.  Hayden  
Ephraini  Hanlin       .... 

Corporal 
..do.... 

18 

Sept.    3,  1861 
Sept.    3,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Appointed  ;  mustered  out   with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  ;  mustered  out  with  company 

William  A.  Hewitt  
Ed  ward  Clark  

....do.... 
Bugler 

22 

Sept,    3,  1861 
Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed     Feb.     10,      1865;    mustered    out 
Sept.  20,  1865,  at  New  York  City,  by  order  of 
War  Department  ;    veteran. 
Discharged  Feb.    14,    1863,    to    enlist  in    Co. 

do 

Aug      8,  1861 

3  yrs 

F,  4th  U.   S.  Cavalry,  from  which  mustered 
out  Aug.l,  1864,  near  Atlanta,  Ga.,  on  expi 
ration  of  time  of  service. 
Discharged  Dec  18,  1861,  at  Camp  Cha^e  Ohio 

Andrew  P.  Kingsbury.  .  . 
John  Leach     

Farrier 
do  ... 

38 

99 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Sept.  24,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Dec.  9,  1861  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Transferred  from  Co     K  April  13,  1864;  mus 

Ja'nes  Anderson        .  . 

Wagoner 

9Q 

Aug     8,  1861 

3  yrs 

tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,1865;  vet 
eran. 

Alkire,  Alexander  

Private 

'^8 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,   1865; 

A  I  vis  George 

do 

32 

July   27   1864 

3  yrs 

veteran 

Anderson,  LeGrand  
Ater  Milton 

....do.... 
do 

37 
20 

Aug.    8,  1861 
Aug     8    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Oct.    16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Baker.  William  A  
Barrett,  Elisha  H  

Barton,   Jeremiah  

...do... 
....do.... 

...do.... 
do 

20 
22 

18 
i() 

Feb.    15.  1864 
Sept.    3,  1861 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Aug    26   1861 

3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred  to  2nd  U.   S.    Cavalry    Feb.   10, 
1863. 
Mustered  out  Oct.   16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  April  9  1863  at  Louisville  Ky 

Boucher,  George  

do... 

^ 

Feb     15*  1864 

3  yr* 

Boyd,  James  M 

do 

19 

Aug    19    1863 

3  vrs 

Bradfield,  Hiram  L  
Brown,  William 

...do.... 
do 

30 

Feb.    25,  1864 
Aug     8    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

do 

18 

Ail"      8    1861 

3  vrs 

Chidester,  James  

do 

18 

Oct       1    1861 

3  yrs 

Cochran,  Hugh  

do 

24 

Aug      8   1861 

3  yrs 

Sept.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 

Coverston,  Wilson  
Dail,  Daniel  

....do.... 
..do  .. 

18 
18 

Sept.    3,  1861 
Sept     3    1861 

3  yrs. 
3'vrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration    of 
term  of  service. 

Dail,  Thomas            .  .  . 

do 

17 

Sept     3    1861 

3  vrs 

Dewey,  Lemuel  

do 

Au»-      8    1861 

3  yrs 

eran. 

Dugan,  Thomas  

...do  .. 

2? 

Aug      8   1861 

3  yrs 

erau. 
Mustered  out  Oct    16    1864    on  expiration  of 

Ellis,  Ezra  F 

do 

20 

Aug     8   1861 

Q  vrs 

term  of  service. 

Evans,  William  T 

do 

34 

Sept     3   1861 

3  yrs 

rine  Brigade     ;  mustered  out  Jan.  17, 
1*65,    with  Co.    G,  1st  Mississippi    Marine 
Brigade,  to  which   transferred  from  Co.  F, 

Fairman,  Harvey  W.... 

do 

11 

Au°-    17    1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Di^ch'ir^ed  Xov  13  1862  at  Nashville    Tenn 

Finn    John 

do 

18 

Aii"    19    1863 

3  vrs 

oa  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

Folay,  Barney  

(  riirdner,  John  
Gardner,  Wilson     .... 

....do.... 

...do.... 
do 

23 

36 
25 

Aug,  17,  1861 

Feb.    23,  1864 
Feb     24    1864 

3  yrs. 

3  .vrs. 
3  yrs 

In  hospital  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  May  1,  1864; 
no  further  record. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Geiger,  George 

do 

Sept    25    1861 

Gilmore,  Marcus  
Greene,  Charles  
Greene,  William  
Hall,  Henry  

....do.... 
....do.... 
.  ..do,  .  . 
do 

21 

18 

18 

Sept.    3,  1861 
Aug.     8,  1861 
Sept.    3,  1861 
Oct      10   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on   expiration  of   term    of 
service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Sent    to  hospital,   Louisville,  Ky.,  April  27, 
1862;  no  further  record. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
At  lluntsville    Ala    hospital    Tan  9()  18i54'  no 

Handlin,  Ephraini  L  

Hanson,  Charles   M... 
Hen  drick.  Charles  W.... 
Ht.ftiin,  John  

....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 
do 

U 

22 

\l 

Sept.    3,  1861 

Aug.  26,  1861 
Sept.    8,  1863 
M  ch      5    1864 

3  yrs. 

3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 

further  recnrd. 
Discharged  Feb.  4,   1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Died  Oct.  16,1863. 

Hefflin,    Thomas  
Henry,  Thomas  

Herie,  James  

....do.... 
....do.... 

....do  ... 

23 
18 

19 

Men.    5,  1864 
Aug.   19,  1863 

Aug.     S,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yr<. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Captured  Aug.  15,  1864,  while  on   foraging  and 
scouting  dutv:  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13.  186-K 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


Names. 

Rank. 

& 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

High,  Elias  

Private 

97 

Aug      8    1861 

3   yr1! 

Hovermale,    Nathan  .... 

Huddleson,  Stephen  L..  . 
I  ma  n,  Hiram  

....do.... 

....do.... 
do 

23 

19 
24 

Mch.  29,  1865 

Feb.    23,  1864 
Sept,    3    1861 

1     yr. 
3  yrs. 

eran. 
Mustered  out    Sept.    20,    1865,    at  New  York 
City,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  ,<ept.  13,  1865. 

Irvin,  Washington  

do 

18 

Aug      8    1861 

3  yrs 

discharged  ,  on  expiration   of  term  of 
service. 

Karen,  John 

do 

20 

Sept   25   1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 

Kiser,  John  

do 

IP 

Sept   15   1861 

3  yrg 

rejoined   1st  0.  V.  C.  July  26,    1864;    mus 
tered  out  Ojt.  16.  1864,   at  Columbia,   Tenn., 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 

Konkle,  Jacob  
Laine,  William  T 

...do... 
do 

18 
18 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Feb     15   1864 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Died  Aug.  13,  1862. 

Lomasney,  William  

do 

35 

Aug      8    1861 

McClintick,  Joshua  
McGath,  Willis  
McMillen,  Alfred  
Maloon,  Samuel  

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

26 
30 
21 
19 

Aug.  26,  1861 
Aug.     8,  1861 
Aug.     8,  1861 
Sept     3   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered    out    June   17,    1865,    at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department 
Mustered  out  Nov.  11,  1864,    at  Columbus,  0., 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Martin,  William  
Medzger,  David  
Merriam,  Charles  P  

Mitchel,  Louis  I    ..   . 

.  .  .  .do 
...do... 
....do.... 

do 

18 
20 
20 

25 

Sept,    3,  1861 
Aug.     8,  1861 
Sept.  25,  1861 

Feb      5   1864 

3  yr.s. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Died  Jan.  31,  1862. 
Transferred  from  Co.  M  ;  mustered  out 
Oct.    16,    1864,    on     expiration    of  term   of 
service. 

Myers,  James  

do"" 

19 

Aug    17,  1861 

3  yrs 

Discharged  July  26  1862  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Nihizer,  Joseph  
Peel,  Lewis  

...do... 
do 

19 
18 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Aug    26   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Died  March  2,  1864. 

Pendergrass,  E.  D  

do 

91 

Sept     7   1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 

Peters,  David  B  
Peters,  Edwin  

...do... 
do 

18 
?0 

Feb.   24,  1864 
Aug    27,  1864 

3  yrs. 
1    yr. 

Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Died  Sept.  12,  1864 

Peters,  Robert  W  

do 

IS 

Feb     29   1864 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13    1865 

Powers,  Michael  
Quinn,  James  

....do.... 
do 

24 
IS 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Aug    22   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Roach,  William  

do 

9q 

Sept     2   1861 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 

Sanderson,  James  

Sands,  Thomas  
Seeds,  William  

...do.... 

...do... 
do 

26 

27 
43 

Aug.  17,  1861 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Feb     26,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Discharged  Sept.  3,  1862,    on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Died  May  28,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13  1865 

Shugart,  Reuben  
Shuleuberger,  Frederick. 

Sikes,  Henry 

...do... 

.  .  .do  .  .  .  . 

do 

24 
21 

90 

Aug.     8,  1861 
Aug.  26,  1861 

Sept     9    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Died  Aug.  17,  1864. 
Mustered  out  June   3,   1865.  at  Indianapolis, 
Ind.  ,  by  order  of  War  Department;  veteran. 

Smith,  Michael  C     

do 

?1 

Oct       1    1861 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 

Spangler,  Henry  

Sponsler,  Oliver  
Standen,  William  

Stewart,  William  

...do.... 

...do... 
...do.... 

do 

18 

25 

20 

96 

Sept.  25,  1861 

Aug.  26,  1861 
Aug.     8,  1861 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

out  Oct.  16,  1864.  on  expiration  of   term  of 
service. 
Transferred   from    Co.     M    —  —  ;     mustered 
out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of 
service. 
Killed  June  15,  1863,  in  action. 
Mustered  out   Oct.  16,    1864,  on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  July  14,  1862. 

Story,  John  B     

do 

9S 

Feb     25,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Swanke,  John  A 

do 

29 

April  28    1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Sweky,  Frederick  

do 

22 

Aug.  26,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Tallifaro,  Isaac  N  

Thompson,  Edward  
Thompson  ,  John  
Tootle,  Jerome  B  

...do.... 

...do... 
...do.... 
do 

19 

19 

28 

Sept.    3,  1861 

Sept.    3,  1861 
Sept.    3,  1861 
Sept.  25,  18(il 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Aug.  31,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
by  order  of  War  Department;  veteran. 
Died  May  28,  1862. 

Died  April  10,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Van  Wey,  William  

Walterhouse,  Chas.  W.   . 
Warner,  Anthony 

....do.... 

...do.... 
do 

21 

22 
29 

Oct.      2,  1861 

Aug.    8,  1861 
Dec.     1,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with    company    Sept  13,  1865; 
veteran. 

Discharged  Dec.  23,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Wells,  George  

...do.... 

19 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disabitity. 
Died  Oct.  2,  1861. 

22 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Date  of 

<«-!       . 

^s 

Names. 

Rank. 

£ 

Entering  the 

o'> 

Remarks. 

< 

Service. 

V  « 

£02 

Well1*   James  

Private 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Oct.  1,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate 

of  disability. 

Whitney,  McCIure  

....do.... 

31 

Sept.    6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Transferred    from    Co.     M    ;     mustered 

out  Oct.   16,   1864,  on    expiration  of  term  of 

service. 

Yarhouse,  Jacob  

....do  ... 

42 

Aug.    8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Died  Dec.  13,  1862. 

COMPANY  F. 

Mustered  in  Sept.  17,  1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  Howard  Stansbury,  Captain  Topographical  Engineers,  and 
John  R.  Edie,  Major  15th  Infantry,  IT.  S.  A.  Mustering  Officers.     Mustered  out  Sept.  13, 1865,  at  Hil 
ton  Head,  S.  C.,  by  Leslie  Smith,  Bre/et  Major  and  Captain  1st  U.  S.  Infantry, 
Commissary  of  Musters,   District  of  South  Carolina. 


Valentine  Cupp  
Lafayette  Pickering  — 

Joseph  H.  Pearse  
Allen  T  Overly 

Captain 
...do.... 

1st  Lieut. 
...do.... 

30 
32 

21 
23 

Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Appointed  Sept.  17,  1861;  promoted  to  Major 
Dec.  31,  1862. 
Appointed  1st  Lieutenant  Sept.  17,  1861;   pro 
moted  to  Captain  Dec.  31,  1862;  mustered  out 
Dec.  20,  1864.  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Promoted  to  2d   Lieutenant   from    Sergeant 
June  16,  1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant  Dec.  31,1862; 
resigned  Aug.  9,  1863. 
Promoted  from    2d  Lieutenant  Co.  M  March 

William  G.  Lawder  
George  V  Ward 

....do.... 
do 

19 
2] 

Aug.  21,  1861 
Sept  5  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

31,    1864;   transferred   to   Co.  M  . 
Transferred  from  Co.  M    ;    promoted    to 
Captain  Co.  I,  Dec.  14,  1864. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Nov. 

Henry  G.  Ward  
Peter  B  Cool 

2d  Lieut. 
...do  .   . 

36 
35 

Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept  5  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

4,  1862;  1st  Sergeant  Nov.  1,  1864;  promoted 
to  1st  Lieutenant  March  18,  1865;   mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed   Sept.    17,    1861;   resigned  Feb.   9, 
1862. 
Appointed     Corporal     ;    promoted    to  2d 

William  T  Brison 

do      . 

33 

Sept  5  1861 

3  yrs 

Lieutenant  Feb.  9,  1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant 
and  Regt.  Quartermaster  June  16,  1862. 
Promoted  to  Ser^t    Major  of   3rd    Battalion 

George  W.  Keys  • 
JohnH.  Roley  

Amos  D  Leib  

....do.... 
1st  Sergt. 

Q.   M.  S. 

33 

22 

91 

Aug.  8,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept  5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

from    1st    Sergeant    Sept.    6,    1861;    to  2d 
Lieutenant  Sept.    1,  1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant 
Co.  G  April  1,  1863. 
Promoted    from     1st     Sergeant     of     Co.     E 
April  1.  1863,  to  1st  Lieutenant  May  25,  1864, 
but  not  mustered;  resigned  July  1,  1864. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Oct. 
7,  1864;  1st  Sergeant  May  15,  186o;  mustered 
out    with   company     Sept.    13,    1865;    vet 
eran. 
Promoted    to  Batt  Q.  M.  Sergeant  ;  to  2d 

JohnH.  Neff  
lohn  Wells 

....do.... 
Com  Ser 

35 

10 

Sept.  5,  186i 
Sept  17  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Lieutenant  Co.  I   Nov.,20,  1862. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Jan. 
1.  1852;     Q.     M.     Sergeant   Jan.     t,  18t»4: 
mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  as  private  ;  appointed  Jan.   4,  1864; 

Jacob  Kuhns  
John  W  Hill 

Sergeant 
do 

26 
9q 

Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept  5  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered   out    Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration    of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  ; 

Sylvester  P.  Stevenson... 
William  11.  Broyles  
Peter  B.  Cool  

William  P.  Miller  

...do.... 
...do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 

30 
22 
37 

19 

Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Feb.  22.  1864 

Sept.  5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yi-s. 

mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "Sylvester  S;"  dis 
charged  May  31,  1863,  at  Lavergne,  Tenn., 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Appointed  Corporal    Jan.    4.    1864:    Sergeant 
Nov.  1,   1864;   mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered    as    private;     appointed    Sergeant, 
Nov.   1,   1864;  promoted   to  2d    Lieutenant 
Aug.  15,  1865,  but  not  mustered;    mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Corporal    Feb.  1,    1865;    Sergeant 
Junul.   1865;   mustered   out   with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865:  veteran. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


Names. 

Rank. 

4J 

M 

<, 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

PC  riod  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

John  B.  Ensor  
Benjamin  P.  Harner  

Samuel  Stiff 

Sergeant 
....do.... 

....do.... 
....do   ... 
....do.... 
....do.... 

Corporal 
...  .do  .... 

....do.... 
do 

20 
20 

21 

25 
4<) 
24 

24 

18 

22 
22 
21 

44 

24 

2S 

18 
22 
37 
2) 
24 
22 
41 
23 
21 
28 

23 

21 

21 

33 

20 

21 
26 

21 

18 
2"> 

Feb.    11,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 

S  ,-pt.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  18(51 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept,  24,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Oct.      1,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Feb.    17,  1864 

Feb.  15,    1864 
Sept.    6,  1861 
Feb.    22,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Feb.    19,  1864 
Feb.    17,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Feb.    13,  1864 
Feb.   18,  1864 

Sept.  24,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Feb.     6,  1864 
Sept     5,  1861 

3  yrs, 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal    Nov.    1,    1864;    Sergeant 
June  18,  1865;  mustered   out  with   company 
Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  \ov 
1,  1864;  mustered  out  March  23,  1866,  at  Co. 
luinbus,  O.,  to  date  Sept.  13,  1865,  by  order  of 
\\ar  Department;  veteran. 
Appointed  from    Corporal  :   mustered  out 
Oct.  6,  1864,  on   expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Appointed  from  Corporal  ;    mustered  out 
Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration   of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Appointed  from  Corporal  ;   mustered  out 
Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Appointed   from    Corporal     :    discharged 
Aug.  28,  1862,  at  Columbus,  0.,  on   Surgeon's 
certificate  of  disability. 
Appointed  ;   mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on 
expiration  of  term  of  service.                    . 
Appointed  June  16,  1862:  mustered  out  May 
25,  1865.  at  Columbus,  O.,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  April  16,  1862,  in  hospital  at  Columbia, 
Term. 
Appointed  ;   mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on 
expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Appointed  ;  mustered    out  Oct.  6,  1864,   at 
Columbia,  Term.,  on  expiration  of  term  of 
service. 
Appointed  from  Bugler  ;   mustered   out 
Oct.  6,  1864,   on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Appointed  June  1,  1865;   died  Sept.  9,  1865,  in 
hospital  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.;  veteran. 
Appointed    Nov.    1,    1864;   wounded    April  1, 
1865,  in  battle  of  Plaritersville,   Ala:    mus 
tered  out  June  15,  1865,  from  Tripler  Hos 
pital,  Columbus,  0  .,  by    order  of    War   De 
partment. 
Appointed  Nov.  1,  1864;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed    Feb.   1,  1865;    mustered   out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Nov.  1,  1864;  mustered    out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed   June  1,  1865;  mustered    out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  June  1,1865;    mustered    out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  June  1.  1865,    mustered  out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged    March   17,    1863,    by    order     of 
War  Department. 
Mustered    out    Oct.    6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Appointed  ;  mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on 
expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Appointed  Nov.   1,  1864;  mustered  out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  April  10,  1864. 
Appointed  Nov.  1,   1864;    mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Died  May  16,  1862,  at  Columbia,  Tenn. 
Appointed  Jan.  4,  -1864;    mustered  out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Killed  July   2,  1863,  in   action  at  Elk  River, 
Tenn. 
Discharged  Nov.  10.  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn.. 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,    1864,   on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Killed  May  29,  1864,  in  action  at  Moulton.  Ala. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  18o5. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  June  19,  1862.  at  Camp  Chase,  0.,  on 
Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Discharged   March  25,  1865,  by  order  of   War 
Department. 

George  W.  Nesley  
Francis  H.  Littlej  v>hn..  .  . 
James  Pumphrey  
Peter  R    Egolph  

William  M.  Miller  

James  Sutphin  

David  Ault 

JohnC.  Boyle.  .     . 

do 

D.  H.  Watson 

do 

David  Laport 

do 

Wallace  Graham  

Joseph  F.  Leib  
Daniel  I.  Petty    .   .  . 

....do  .. 

....do.... 
do 

Samuel  Sharp  
Wendle  Emering  
Elijah   Fishbaugh  
John  Fogle  

do  
....do  . 
....do.... 
do 

George  Foskett  
William  H.  Turlev  

Bugler 
Farrier 
B.  Smith 
Farrier 

....do  ... 
Artificer 

Wagjner 
...do.. 

Abraham  L    Fritz 

Edward  Vaughn  

George  Golloher  
Stephen  E.  Hager  

John  D.  Leady  

Elias  Miller  

John  W.  Snider                  1        do 

Ball,  William  

Private 
....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 
do 

Beard,  Edward  L  

Berry,  William  
Boyer,  George  W  

Bryant,  John  ... 

Click,  Bushrod  

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

19 

18 
20 

18 
18 

18 

Feb.    10,  18(54 
Feb.    Id,  1S64 
Feb.    18.  1X64 
Feb.    27,  1S64 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Mch.    7.  1S64 

Click,  John  

Cokenhour,  Moses 

Compton,  William  11  ... 
Conkle,    Henry  

Conklin,  John  

....do...-. 
...do.... 

....do.... 

24 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

£ 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Culler8  Henry  B     

P  riva  te 

?i 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,    1864,  on   expiration  of 

Curfis,  William  D  

...do... 
do.... 

18 
44 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as"Curfus;"  veteran. 
Mustered    out  with    company  Sent.  13,   1865; 

Dunaway    Thomas  

...do.... 

23 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

veteran. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  5,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

do     . 

90 

Mch.  17,  1864 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Also     borne    on     rolls   as  "John   W.;"  mus 

Felch  Allen  S 

do 

44 

Feb.    29,  1864 

3  yrs. 

tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred       to     139th    Co.     2d      Battalion 

Ferry    Samuel  

....do.... 

?,?, 

Feb.    18,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Veteran  Reserve  Corps  Apr.  16,  1864,  at  Nash 
ville,  Tenn.,  on  detached  service  at  hospital 
at  Nashville,   Tenn.,  and  Louisville,   Ky.; 
mustered  out  Nov.    15,  1865,  at    Louisville,. 
Ky.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  May  24,  1866,  at  Columbus,  0.,  to 

Fishbaugh,  Samuel  
Flick,  Isaac  T.  P  
Frazier,  George  W  
Fry  Ambrose  B  

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do  .. 

21 
21 

19 

IS 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

date  Sept-  13,   1868,    by   order  of  War    De 
partment. 
Mustered  out  Oct.   6,  1864,  on  expiration   of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out    Oct.  6,  1864,    on  expiration   of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out   with   company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Disc-barged  Aug.  9,  1862,  at  Decherd,  Tenn.,  on 

Funk  Joseph  

do... 

96 

Mch.    3,  1865 

1    yr. 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  18f>5. 

do 

•>q 

Sept     5,  1861 

3  vrs 

Discharged  July  24,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Gates  Calvin          

do  .. 

S9 

Feb.    18,  1864 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Gierhart,  Henry  A  

Gierhart,  George  R  
Glanville,  John  

....do.... 

...do... 
do     . 

22 

18 
91 

Sept.    5,  1861 

Feb.    12,  1864 
Sept.  10,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "Abraham  Gear- 
hart;"  detached  as  teamster  at    Headquar 
ters,    4th    Cavalry  Division:   mustered  out 
Sept.  18,  1865,  at  Columbus,  0..  by  ordtr  of 
War  Department;  veteran 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865 
Discharged    Nov.    22,   1S61.  at    Camp   Chase, 

Goss,  George  W  

....do  .   . 

91 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

0.,  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Died  Nov.  22,    18H2,  in    Regimental    Hospital, 

Hall,  Jeremiah  
Hedden,  Jonathan  
Hedden  Jonathan  

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

27 
19 

99 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Jan       5,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yr* 

near  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Died  April    16,1862,    at  Indian  Creek,  fif.een 
miles  north  of  Savannah,  Tenn. 
Discharged  June  12,  1862,  at  Corinth,  Miss.,  on 
Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "Jonathan  J.:"  died 

do 

18 

Sept     5,  1861 

3  yrs 

Dec.  4,    1?64,  in   hospital    at  Ntw   Albany, 
Ind. 
Died  Feb     16,  1862,   in  hospital  at  Lebanon, 

Hizey,  Tazwell  
Howard,  Abram  S  

Hoy    William  L  

....do.... 
....do.... 

do 

35 

28 

°1 

Sept.  26,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Sept.  10,  1861 

1    yr. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Ky. 

Mustered   out   June    17,    1865,  at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of    War  Department. 
Prisoner  of  war;  mustered  out  April  13,  1865, 
at  Columbus,  0.,  on  the  expiration  of  term  of 
service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  at   Columbia,  Tenn., 

Johnson,  William  A  
Keilenbarger,  Jacob  R 

...do.... 
do 

18 

91 

Feb.    16,  1864 
Feb     19,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Corporal  Nov    1    1864;  reduced  at 

Kendall,  Jacob  N  
King,  Henry  G  
Laney    Franklin     .... 

...do... 
....do.... 
do 

19 

38 
19 

Sept.    5,  1S61 
Nov.    11,  1863 
Sept     5    1861 

3  yrs 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

his  own    request    March  10,  18(35  ;    mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Died  Dec.  1,  1861,  at  his  home,  Etna,  0. 

Mustered    out    Oct  6    1864,  on    expiration  of 

Lape,  John  W  
Lawyer,  \lexander  

....do.... 
do 

18 
9q 

Feb.    11,  1864 
Sept     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered    out  with   company  Sept   13    1865; 

Lawyer,  Peter  C  

...do... 
do 

18 
?(> 

Feb.    18,  1864 
Feb     22    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13,  1865 

Lawyer,  Samuel  H  
Leady.  George  D 

....do.... 
do 

21 

90 

Feb.    11,  1864 
Feb.    20,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  vr* 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13    1865, 

Leef,  John  W  

....do.... 
do 

18 
?? 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Feb    18    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yr* 

Also    borne    on      rolls     as     "John   I."     and 
"John  J.  Leef;"  mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864, 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 

Long,  A  mos      

do 

19 

Sept.    5,  18H1 

3  yr- 

Lovebury,  Jonathan  

....do.... 

98 

Sept-  19,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Aug.  9,  1862,  at  Decherd,  Tenn.,  on 

McCollum,  William  H... 
McCue,  John 

...do... 
do 

18 

9«) 

Feb.  27,  1864 
Sept    12   1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct  6  1864  at  Columbia,  Tenn 

McGlaughlin,  Philip  
McGuowan,  Allen 

...do... 
do 

19 

91 

Sept.  10,  1861 
Sept     5    1861 

3  yrs. 

on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Discharged  Sept.  15,  1861,  by  civil  authority. 
Died  April  8   1862  at  Columbia    Tenn 

Miller,  Eli  

....do.... 

22 

Sept.  26,  1864 

1    yr. 

Mustered  out  June  17,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


25 


Names. 

Rank. 

S, 
< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Milner,  John  W  
Morton,  Thomas 

Private 

do 

21 

99 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept     5    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

Transferred     to      153d     Co.      2d       Battalion 
Veteran    Reserve    Corps  ;   from    which 
mustered  out  Sept.  5,   1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Mosier,  Darius  

do 

18 

Feb    18   1864 

3  yrs 

20.  1802;  discharged  June  12,    1862,  on  Sur 
geon's  certificate  of  disability. 

Nicely,  Albert  

....do.... 

18 

Sept.    5,  18bl 

6  yrs 

Died    Oct     18,  1862,  in  hospital,  at  Nashville, 

Peterman  Jacob  S 

do 

19 

Feb     20    1864 

3  vr« 

Tenn. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13  1865 

do 

18 

Feb    18    1864 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Sept   13    1865  at  Columbus  0 

Powell,  Brice 

do 

18 

Feb     18    1864 

3  yrs 

by  order  of  War  Department. 

Reynolds,  Joseph  T  
Rhodes,  William 

....do.... 
do 

99 

Sept.  25,  1861 
Sept    12,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Appointed  Sergeant  from  private  Jan.  1.  1862; 
promoted  to  Regt.  Q.  M.   Sergeant  Dec.  24.. 
1862;    reduced  at   his  own    request  Aug.  1, 
1863;    promoted   to    2d    Lieutenant    Co.  M 
March  23,    1864. 
Mustered  out  Oct  6,  1864,  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,. 

Robertson,  Albert  

do 

99 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Died.  Ian.  23,  1803. 

do 

V0 

Mch   17,  1864 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13,  1865. 

Ross,  J  ohn  

do... 

is 

Feb.     6,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Schofield  Daniel  A 

do 

18 

Oct     23,  186  L 

3  yrs 

Wounded  June  25,  1864,  in  action  at  Noonday 

Seitz,  David  A  
Smith,  John  Q  

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

22 
21 
IP 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Creek,  Ga.  ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with    company    Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Discharged  June  22,  1862,  at  Corinth,  Miss.,  on 
Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Discharged  July    24,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Sperry,  Samuel         .... 

do.... 

99 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  June  12,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Swanger,  Henry  M  

...do... 

20 

Feb.    17,  1864 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Taylor,  Emery  W  

....do.... 
do 

20 

'>() 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Died  Dec.  19,  1862. 
Veteran. 

Undrick,  John  

...do.... 

35 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Also  borne  on  rolls    as      "Underech;"    mus 

Vanhouton.  William  0.  . 
Watson  Eli  T 

...do.... 
do 

18 
19 

Feb.    20,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,    1865;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered    out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Welch,  George      

do  ... 

18 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Veteran. 

Welch  Jacob 

do 

% 

Sept.  12,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Captured  at  Stone  Mountain,  Georgia,  Aug.  16, 

Willison,  ElishaC  
Wright,  Thomas  

...do... 
....do.... 

18 
19 

Feb.    20,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1864;  mustered  out  Feb.  28,  1865,  at  Colum 
bus,  0.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Aug.  24,  1865,  at   Camp    Den- 
nison,  0.,  by  order  of  the  War  Department  ; 
veteran. 

COMPANY  G. 

Mustered  in   Sept.  30, 1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  John  R.  Edie,  Major  15th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.    Mustered 
out  Sept.  13, 1865,  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  by  Leslie  Smith,  Brevet  Major  and  Captain 
1st  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Commissary  of  Musters,  Dis 
trict  of  South  Carolina. 


Andrew  B.   Emery  

Captain 

42 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Aug.  21,  1861;  died  July  15,  1862,  of 
wounds  received  July  1,  1862,  in   battle  of 

Russell  ville,  Ala, 

John  C.   Frankeberger... 

.  .  .  .do.  .  .. 

32 

Sept.  11,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted    from    1st    Lieutenant    and    Regt. 
Quartermaster  to  date  June  6,  1862;  to  Major 

Sept.  20,  1863. 

Leonard  Erwin  

...do.... 

25 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  2d  Lieutenant  Aug.  21,  1861;  pro 
moted  to  1st  Lieutenant  April  11,   1862;  to 

Captain  April  18,  1863;    transferred    to    Co. 

D    June    6,    1864;    transferred      from     Co. 

D    Aug.    8.    1864;  resigned  Sept.  24,  1864. 

William  II.  Scott  

....do.... 

24 

Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  from  1st  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant 
to  date  March  16,    1864;   transferred     to  Co. 

D  Aug.  8,  1864. 

Alfred  D.  Lutz  

....do.... 

20 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Transferred       from     Co.     M  Oct.     1,     1864; 
mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

26 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

aS 
tf 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

IP 
|l 

Remarks. 

1st  Lieut 

42 

Aug      6   1861 

3  yrs 

William  T.  Brison  

do 

Sept     5    1861 

1861. 

Thaddeus  Scott 

do 

3] 

Sept     4,  1861 

3  yrs 

1,     1863;    mustered  out   Nov.    26,    1864,    at 
Louisville,    Ky.,    on    expiration  of  term  of 
service. 
Promoted    from    Q    M      Sergeant    of    Co    M 

William  II.  Woodlief  .  .  . 

»-=:. 

Carter  M  Riggs 

2d  Lieut, 
do 

21 
23 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug,     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Dec.  14,  1864;  commanded  Co.  H    from  Feb. 
1,  1865,  to  June  1,  18b5;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Promoted  from  1st  Sergeant  April  11,  1862;  to 
Captain  Co.  K  April  22,  1863. 
Promoted  to  Regt.  Q.   M    Sergeant  from  Co 

William  Brooks  

1st  Sergt 

?4 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Q.  M.  Sergeant  :  to  2d  Lieutenant  from 
Sergt.    Major    to    date   Jan.   1,    1863:    ap 
pointed  Act.  Adjutant    July    9,    1863,    and 
served  as  such  to  date  of  resignation,  June 
18,  1864. 
Appointed    Corporal  ;  Sergeant  ;lst 

Martin  V.  Little  
Jeremiah  D  Feme  

....do.... 
do.... 

22 
IP 

Aug.  12,  1861 
Feb.    21,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Sergeant  March  16,  1864;    promoted  to    1st 
Lieutenant  of  Co.  B  Jan.  6,  1865;    veteran. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Aug. 
17,  1862;  1st  Sergeant  Jan.  16,  1865;   promot 
ed  to    1st    Lieutenant  of  Co.     A  March  18, 
1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal   Nov.    1,   1864;    Sergeant 

Samuel  Jackson  
Robert  Ilod^e      

Q.    M.  8. 
Com  Ser 

26 

W 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug    17   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Jan.  16,  18t)5:  1st  Sergeant  July  1,  1865;  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Nov- 
8,  1862  ;Q.  M.  Sergeant  ;  mustered    out 
Sept.  14,   1865,  at  New  York  City,  by  order 
of  War  Department;  veteran. 
Mustered    as     private;     appointed   Sergeant 

Arthur  Lyon  
John  0    Queal  

Sergeant 
do 

30 
95 

Aug.  12,  1861 
Aug.  20,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs, 

March  6,  1864;    Q.  M.   Sergeant   :    mus 
tered   out   with    company    Sept.  13,    1865; 
veteran. 
Discharged  June  22,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Nov.  5,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Jasper  Newton  
Absalom  J.   Ford  

....do.... 

...do.... 
do 

22 

27 
IS 

Aug.  19,  1861 

Aug.  13,  1861 
Aug      6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Appointed  from  Corporal  :   mustered  out 
Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 

Discharged  March  5,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Benjamin  L.  Ready  
Joseph  Deerwester  

....do.... 
do... 

21 

91 

Aug.  18,  1861 
Sept.  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Appointed  Corporal   Jan.    4,   1864;   Sergeant 
Nov.  1.  1864;  mustered  out  Sept.  15,  1S65,  at 
New  York  City,    by    order  of  War  Depart 
ment;  veteran. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Nov. 

Barney    Kee/f  er      

do 

18 

Sept.  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 

1,  1864;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 
Mustered    as    private;     appointed    Sergeant 

George  Amert         

do 

24 

Sept   23,  1861 

3  yrs 

Nov.  1,1864;    mustered    out    with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  as  private:  appointed  Sergeant  Nov. 

Isaac  C    Mefford  

do 

IS 

Aug    19,  1861 

3  yrs 

1.  1864;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 
Also  borne  on    rolls    as    "Clinton  Mefford-" 

George  Pierce  

Corporal 

31 

Sept.    9,  1861 

3  yrs. 

appointed  Corporal  Nov.   1,   1864;   Sergeant 
July  1,    1865;    mustered    out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on   expiration  of 

do 

97 

Aug      6   1861 

3  yrs 

time  of  service. 
Transferred  to  Co   K,  11th  Regiment  Veteran 

Lewis  Windsor  
Theodore  Lyon  

....do.... 
...do..    . 

37 
?4 

Aug.   15,  1861 
Sept.    9,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Reserve  Corps,  Jan.  30,  1864,  from  which  mu>- 
tered  out  Aug.  26,  1864,  at  Washington,  D.  ('.. 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Discharged  June   22,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  March  7,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

do 

90 

Get      22    1861 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Appointed  ;   mustered  out  Oct  25,  1864,  at 

ShadrackC.  Burton  
Mahlon  Nay  

....do.... 
do  . 

20 
19 

Feb.    16,  1864 
Fob     27,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Columbus,  0.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Appointed    Nov.    1,  1864;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  18(i5. 
Appointed    Nov     1,  1864;  mustered  out  with 

Joseph  Belston  
William  L.  Ready  

....do.... 
....do.... 

24 
21 

Feb.    14,  1864 
Feb.    29,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Also  borne  on  the  rolls  as  "Beltson  ;"  appoint 
ed  Nov.  1,  1864;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed    Nov.    1,  1864;    mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


27 


Names. 

Rank. 

i 

•< 

Date*  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

William  H.  Hopkins  
Alfred  Deerwester  

Thomas  J.  Buchanan  

;.•  —  -'*:?5       « 
William  Miller  

Corporal 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

23 

21 
17 
18 

Feb.    21,  1804 
S-pt.  14,  1861 
Aug.    10,  1861 
An"     19   1861 

3  yis. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3    VrS 

Appointed  Jan.  16,  1865;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Feb.    1,   1865;    mustered   out  with 
company  Sept.  13,1865;  veteran. 
Appointed    Feb.  1,  1865;  mustered  out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Paul  V.  Petard  
Albert  H.Williams  

James  F.  Skillen  
Oliver  Gregg  

Bugler 
do  

....do.... 
do 

26 

25 

17 
16 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

Dec.    31,  1863 
Dec     11    1863 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

company   Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Honorably  discharged  Dec.  2,  1862. 
Discharged  Nov.  16,  1801,  on  Surgeon's  certifi- 
care  of  disability. 
Appointed   ;  mustered  out  June  5,  1865, 
from  hospital    at    Camp    Dennison,    0.,   by 
order  of  War  Department. 

Lewis  Bisher  .  . 

26 

•Vug    11    1861 

3  vix 

Silas  M  Jordan  .... 

1e> 

\Uv    12   1861 

3  vrs 

company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Alexander,  Noah  S  

18 

Mch     6    1865 

1     vr 

company,  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Allen,  Edward  
Anderson,  James  
Apgar,  Joseph  

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

O£i 

18 
IS 

Aug.   14,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 
Mch      1    1865 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
1    vr 

Discharged  June  1,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  to  date  July  30,  1865,  by  order  of 
War  Department;  veteran. 

Ashby,  Samuel  
Beaver,  Henry  
Beck,  Henry  A  

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

24 
24 
29 

Mch.     6,  1865 
Sept.  17,  1861 
Feb    17    1864 

1    yr. 
3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

Accidentally  drowned,  July  12,  1865,  at  Atlanta, 
Ga. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration   of 
term  of  service. 

Boorom,  Frederick  

....do.... 
do 

25 
10 

Sept.  14,  1861 
Mch    13    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

Transferred    to    Co.    F,     8th    Regiment  Vet 
eran  Reserve  Corps  ;   from    which    mus 
tered  out  Sept.  29,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 
Died  June  5    1864 

Breeding,  James  W  

do.... 

19 

Aug.    6,  1861 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Sept  14,  1865  at  New  York  City 

Caldwell,  Richard  

do 

20 

Aug     6   1861 

3  yrs 

by  order  of  War  Department  ;  veteran. 

Carmean,  Mathew  
Chamberlain,  Oliver  P..  . 

Clayton,  Starkey  
Cloud,  Samuel.  

Coon  David  F 

...do... 
....do.... 

...do.... 
...do.... 

do 

21 
21 

18 
24 

18 

Mch.  18,  1865 
Oct.      9,  1861 

Sept.    9,  1861 
Aug.    6,  1861 

Feb     16   1864 

1     yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 
Admitted  to  Marine  U.   S.  Gen.  Hospital  May 
12,  1864;  discharged  Jan.  7,  1865,  on  Surgeon's 
certificate  of  disability. 
Died  April  14,1862. 
Discharged  Mav  10,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Day,  Andrew  J  

do 

IS 

Mch    30,  1864 

3  yrs 

Died  May  16   1864 

Day,  Gabriel 

do 

19 

4u°-     6    1861 

3  yrs 

Divine,  John  W  

do 

38 

Mch      8    1865 

1    vr 

term   of  servic'1. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13  1865 

Dolan,  Jerome  

do  .. 

25 

Mch.    4,  1865 

1    yr 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Downs,  Henry  

do 

45 

Jan      4,  1864 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  June  12,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky. 

Eggleston,  George  B  
Elliott  Harvey 

....do..,, 
do 

21 

9^ 

Sept.  16,  1864 
Au^      6   1861 

1    yr. 

3  yrs 

by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  June  17,  1H65,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out   Oct  6     1864    on  expiration  of 

Falw.iv,  Dennis  .  .  •• 

do 

34 

Aug    20,  1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered   out  Oct    6    1864,  on  expiration  of 

Feenv,  George  

do 

18 

Feb.      1.  1864 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Feeny,  Michael  
Ferguson,  Thomas  
Fiscus,  Clinton  

Flatley,  Thomas  
Gerhart,  Charles  

Golden  John 

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 

do 

19 
21 

28 

23 
22 

33 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Sept.  17,  1861 
Sept.  30,  1861 

Mch.    5,  1864 
Aug.  29,  1861 

Au°-    20    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865: 
veteran. 
Mustered  out   Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,   1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct  16,  1861,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Transferred  to  187th  Co.  1st  Battalion  Veter 

Graham,  John  W  
Graham  Martin  V 

....do.... 
do     . 

21 
19 

Aug.  12,  1861 
Aug      6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

an     Reserve       Corps     ;     from     which 
mustered  out  Aug.  24,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  Feb.  8.  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Died  July  22,  1862. 

do 

19 

Sept      9    1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 

do 

31 

Dec.    27,  1864 

1    yr. 

eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 

do 

21 

Aug      6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered   out  Oct.  6,  1864,    on  expiration  of 

Hayes,  Alexander  

...do  ... 

31 

Aug.   13,  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  Feb.  19,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

28 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

a3 
tu 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Private 

?,8 

Aug.     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Missing  and  probably  killed  Aug.  20,  1»64,  in 

Hedges,  John  

Helm,  Edward  
Hogan,  John  
Holley  He/ekiah 

....do... 

...do... 
....do.... 
do 

26 

21 
20 

19 

Sept.    9,  1861 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Mch.     4.  1X65 
Mch    12,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 

3  yrs 

battle  of  Lovejoy  Station,  Ga.  ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  Oct.  4,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Alay  5,  1865,  at  Camp  Dennison,  on 

do... 

18 

Mch.  13,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Huddleson,  Philip  
Hussey,  Frank  M  
Isfeltt,  Christian  
Jeffries,  James  H  

....do.... 
....do.... 
.   ..do.... 

...do.... 
do 

23 

20 
40 

22 

90 

Aug.   13,  1861 
Sept.  27,  1864 
Aug.  12,  1861 

Jan.    16,  1864 
Mch     7,  1865 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr 

Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out   June    17,    1865,   at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Discharged  Dec.  17,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  fiept  15,  1865,  at  New  York  City, 

..do... 

96 

Mch.    4,  1865 

1  yr. 

by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  186^. 

Ladd,  George  P  

....do.... 

?,3 

Aug.  13,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  and  Batt.   Adju 

do 

21 

Aug      6    1861 

3  yrs 

tant  Oct.  25,  1861. 
Mustered  out  Oct    16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Lewis,  William  
Long,  Alonzo  

....do.... 
....do.... 

19 
22 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  19,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered    out   Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 

do 

W 

Aug    12   1861 

3  yrs 

eran. 

do... 

°7 

Mch     1,  1865 

1  yr 

term  of  service. 

Long,  James  

...do... 

94 

Mch.    1,  1865 

1  yr 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  J3,  1865. 

do.. 

17 

Mch     6    1865 

1  yr 

Lucky,  William  
Lyons  John  .  .  . 

...do... 
...do  .. 

21 
25 

Sept.  14,  1861 
Mch     6,  1865 

3  yrs. 
1  yr 

Died  June  14,  1S62. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13  1H65. 

Ly  on,  John  K  

....do.... 

31 

Feb.    29,  1864 

3  vrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,1865. 

McGarey,  Thomas  

McKinzie,  Marcus  A.D.L 
McLaughlin,  Edward.  .  • 
McLaughlin,  William.  ... 
McAlullen,  David  

....do.... 

...do,.. 

....do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 

35 

21 

27 
30 
94 

Aug.     9,  1861 

Sept.  30,  1861 
Mch.     1.  1865 
Mch.     6,  1865 
Sept.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 
1  yr. 
3  yrs 

Transferred  to  45th  Co.  2d  Battalion  Veteran 
Reserve  Co-ps    ;  from  which  mustered 
out  Sept.  5,   1864,  on  expiration   of  term  of 
service. 
Died  June  12,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  wilh  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Mav  20  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

do 

is 

Aug     14   1861 

cate  of  disability. 

McVev,  Russell  B 

do  . 

IK 

Feb     17   1864 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 

Martels,  Charles  

...do.... 
do 

19 
20 

Feb.    29,  1864 
Aug    20    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Sept.  15,  1865,  at  New  York  City, 
by  order  of   War  Department. 

Morgan,  James  A  

Morton,  James  
Moser.  Christopher  

....do.... 

...do.... 
...do.... 

28 

22 
91 

Aug.    6,  1861 

Mch.    6,  1865 
Mch    18,  1865 

3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
1  yr 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13,  1865 

Myers,  Henry  H  

Newton.  Clinton  A  
Nixon,  William  
Null  John 

...do.... 

...do... 
...do.... 
do 

21 

18 
22 
27 

Mch.  28,  1864 

Mch.  14,  1865 
Mch.     1,  1865 
Aug    15    1861 

3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
1  yr. 
3  yrs 

Killed    Ju  ,e    15,  1864,  in  action    at  Noonday 
Creek,  Ga. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

O'Mnra.  John  
O'Neal,  Thomas  
Orahood,  Andrew  J  
Orr,  \lfred  W 

...do... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
do 

17 
19 
27 
20 

Aug.     6,  1861 
Feb.     4,  1864 
Nov.  23,  1863 
Aug    26    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

eran. 
Died  May  6,  1863. 
Died  March  15,  1865,  at  Jeffersonville,  Ind. 
Mustered  out  with  compatiy  Sept.  13,  18H5. 

Pace,  Francis  

do 

9? 

May    19,  1864 

3  yrs 

time  of  service. 

Patterson,  William  
Patterson,  William  W.  D 
Payton,  Daniel  

...do... 
...do.... 
.  .  .do  . 

2!' 

18 

Aug.  20,  1861 
Mch.    9,  1865 
Aug.  1U,  1861 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 
3  yrs 

13  ,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Pierce,  James  A  
Porter,  George  

...do..   . 
do 

20 
22 

Sept.    9,  1861 
Sept    26   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  16,   1864,  on  expiration   of 
term  of  service. 

Quigley,  Sylvester  
Ragan,  Jeremiah  

Ramsey,  John 

...do... 
...do.... 

do 

33 

18 

31 

Mch.  10    1865 
Aug.    6,  1861 

A.ug     6    1861 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out   Oct.   16.   1864,  on   expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Ray,  William  II  
Read  ,  Leroy  
Ready,  Daniel  

...do.... 
...do.... 
do 

27 
22 
18 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.    6,  1861 
Feb     29    1  864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  April  7,  1862,  at  Nashville,   Tenn.. 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

company    ep  . 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


29 


Names. 

Rank. 

£ 
< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Private 

23 

Aug    10    1861 

3  yrs 

Reddick,  William  
Riley    Patrick 

....do.... 
do 

25 
% 

May    21,  1864 
Jan     26    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

eran    Reserve     Corps    ;  mustered     out 
Aug.  26,  1864,  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  on  ex 
piration  of  term  of  service. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "William  M;"  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Roney  ,  Andrew  J  

....do.... 
do 

20 
18 

Sept.  30,  1861 
Feb     29    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Transferred  to  Co.  H,  April  15,  1864- 

Sharp,  Isaac  W      

do 

18 

Feb     23,  1864 

3  yrs 

with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept   13  1865 

do 

20 

Aug     6    1861 

3  yrs 

Shrade,  Dittmer    .....   . 

do 

?8 

Feb     26,  1864 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13.  1865 

do 

19 

\ug    26    1861 

Slagle  John  W     

do 

9^ 

l^eb     29,  1864 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Died  May  6  1865,  at  Macon,  Ga. 

Slagle,  Joseph  J  
Sly   BenjiminF           ... 

....do... 
do 

20 
25 

Feb.    29,  1864 
Sept    24    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  to  date  Sept.  13,  1865,  by  order 
of  War  Department. 

Smith,  James  J  

...do.... 
do 

42 
21 

Aug.  18,  1861 
Feb     19   1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  Nov.  14,  1864,  at  Sidney,  0. 

Stovall   PhilipS  

.do... 

28 

Mch.    3,  1865 

1    vr. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

do 

•?1 

Aug    19,  1861 

3  yrs 

Transferred  to  149th  Co.  2d  Battalion  Veteran 

Thompson,  Gilbert  W  

Thompson,  Samuel  
Trovillo,  James  M  

Walston,  Andrew  J  
Wicking,  Christian  

....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 

...do.... 
....do.... 

27 

18 
23 

34 

IS 

Mch.    7,  1865 

Mch.  18,  1865 
Aug.     6,  1861 

Feb.   28.  1865 
Aug.  18,  1861 

1   yr. 

1    yr. 
3  yrs. 

1    yr. 

3  yrs. 

Reserve  Corps  ;   from    which  mustered 
out  Aug.  23,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of 
service. 
Mustered    out  Sept.  15,  1865,   at  New    York 
City,  by    order   of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered    out   March  4,    1865,    at     Gravelly 
Springs  Ala.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  16,    1864,  on  expiration  of 

Williams,  Nathaniel  W.S 
Windsor,  James  K  

...do.... 
....do.... 

do 

18 
22 

23 

Feb.   25.  1865 
Aug.  18,  1861 

Aug.  20,  1861 

1    yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864,  on   expiration   of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  June   30,  1864,  by    order  of    War 

Young,  Benjamin  F  

....do.... 

30 

Sept.  30,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Department;  veteran. 
Mustered   out     Sept.  13,  1865,  by   order    of 
War  Department;  veteran. 

COMPANY  H. 

Mustered  in  Sept.  18, 1861,  at  Camp  Chase,   Ohio,  by  Howard  Stansbury,  Captain  Topographical  Engineers  and 

John  R.  Edie,  Major  15th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  Mustering  Officers.    Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1865,  at 

Hilton  Head,  South  Carolina,  by  Leslie  Smith,  Brevet  Major  and  Captain  1st  U.  S. 

Infantry,  Commissary  of  Musters,  District  of  South  Carolina. 


Martin  Buck 

Captain 

39 

Aug.  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Aug.  29,  1861;   promoted  to  Major 

Dec.  31.   1862,   but    not  mustered;   resigned 

Feb.l,  1863. 

.Samuel  W.  Fordyce  

....do.... 

21 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  from  1st  Lieutenant  Co.  B  to  date 
Dec.  31,    1862;  resigned  Jan.  23,  1864. 

AV  ill  l*nii  A'lcBurncy 

do.... 

25 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted    from    1st    Lieutenant     and    Regt. 

Quartermaster  Jan.    23,  1864;  transferred  to 

Co.  L  April  21,  1S64. 

Charles  H.  Shultz  

....do.... 

21 

Sept.  29,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted    from  1st  Lieutenant  Co.    M    May 
25,  1864:  resigned  Sept.  12,  1864. 

John  D.  Moxlcy  

....do... 

46 

Aug.  30,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Transferred     from    Co.     M   ;      promoted 
to  Major  Feb.  25,  1865,  but  not  mustered:  on 

detached    duty    as     Act.     Asst.     Inspector 

General  at  Camp  Webster.  Nashville,  Tenn.  ; 

released  from  duty  at  Edgefield,  Tenn..  by 

order  dated  Oct.  5,  1865,  and  mustered  out  as 

Captain  of  Co.  II  at  Columbus,  0.,  June  12, 

1866,  to  date  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Gary   A.  Doggett  

1st  Lieut. 

38 

Aug.  14.  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Aug.  29,  1S61  ;    resigned  June  20. 
1862. 

Robert.  R.   Waddoll.... 

....do.... 

29 

Aug.  14,  1861 

<°>  yrs. 

Appointed  2d  Lieutenant  Aus.  29,  1861;  pro 
moted  to  1st  Lieu  enant  Juiu'  20.  1SR2. 

30 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

o> 
u 

•<, 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

David  \  Roush         .   .   . 

1st  Lieut. 

....do.... 

2d  Lieut. 
....do.... 

1st  Sergt. 
do 

23 

36 

32 

IS 

31 

25 

24 
20 

18 
20 

20 
21 

25 

25 

18 
19 

21 
33. 
22 

20 

37 

26 

19 
28 

22 
19 
18 
18 
18 
20 
25 
24 
23 
24 

Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.   27,  1861 

Aug.     5,  1861 
Aug.     6,  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.   14,  1861 

Sept.    7,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Sept.    3.  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Sept.    2,  1861 
Sept.    2.  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.  14,  1864 
Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.  14.  1861 
Sept.    7,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14.  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1S61 
Feb.  27,  1864 
Feb.    27,  1864 
Aug.  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Appointed  1st  Sergeant  from  Sergeant  ; 
promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  Dec.  31,  1862;  to 
1st  Lieutenant  to  date  Jan.  1,  1863;  mustered 
out  Nov.  2,  1864,   ou  expiration  of  term  of 
service. 
Promoted    from    Sergeant    Co.    I   March  18, 
1865;    commanded    company    since  June  9, 
1865;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.   13, 
1865;  veteran. 
Promoted  from  Sergeant  Co.  D  April  18,  1863; 
transferred  to  Co.  D  . 
Promoted  from  private  Co.     A  to  date  Jan. 
29,  1864;  to  Captain  of  Co.  A  March  18,  1865; 
veteran. 
Discharged  Jan.  13,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Oct. 
6,  1864;  1st  Sergeant  Jan.  1.   1865;  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  as  private  ;   appointed  Oct.  6,  1864; 
died  Aug.  18,  1865,  in  hospital  at  Charleston, 
S.  C.;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal  Jan.  4,  1864;  Sergeant  Oct. 
6,     1864;    Coin.    Sergeant     ;    mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Died  Feb.  14,  1863. 
Appointed  from  Corporal  Jan.  1,  1862;  promot 
ed  to  1st  Lieutenant  of  Co.   D  Jan.  6,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  as  a  private;    appointed    Sergeant 
May  1,  1863;  1st  Sergeant  Oct.  6.  18(i4;  reduced 
Jan.  1,  1865,   and  appointed  Sergeant  same 
date;    mustered   out  with    company    Sept. 
13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal   Jan.   4,   1864;    Sergeant 
Oct.  6,  1864;  mustered  out  Sept.  23,  1865,  at 
New  York  City,  by  order  of  War   Depart 
ment;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal  Jan.  4,1864;  Sergeant  Oct. 
6,  1864;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  as  a  private;  appointed  Oct.  6,  1864; 
absent  sick  in  hospital  at  Conwayboro,  S.  C., 
since  Aug.  13,  1865;  no  further  record;  vet 
eran. 
Appointed  Corporal   Jan.    1,  1865;    Sergeant 
Feb.    1,1865;    mustered   out   with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Transferred  from  Co.    I  ;  mustered   out 
Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of   serv 
ice. 
Transferred  from  Co.    I  ;    mustered   out. 
Oct.  6,  1864,   on  expiration   of    term  of  ser 
vice. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 
Discharged  Oct.  9,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

Died  Oct.  24,  1862. 
Discharged  July  10,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Appointed    Corporal  ;  promoted  to  Regt. 
Bugler  Nov.  1,  1864;   veteran. 
Appointed    Oct.  6,    1864;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  18'>5;  veteran. 
Appointed    Oct.    6,    1864:    mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed   Oct.   6,    1864;   mustered    out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed    Oct.    6,  1864;    mustered  out  with 
com  pany  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Jan.   I,   IS65;    mustered   out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  March  1,   1865;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  March   1,  1865;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  March  1,   1865;  mustered    out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.    6,   LS64,   on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Andrew  L.  Small  

Harvey  Ferguson  
Joseph  A.  0.  Yeoman  — 

Isaac  W.  Tucker  

George  II     Cooper 

William  Grady  
Henry  W.  B.  Vance  

Samuel  Millikin  
Daniel  W.  Evans  

David  Stafford 

Q.    M.  S. 
Com.  Ser. 

Sergeant 
do  

do     . 

Lewis  M.  Thayer  
Benjamin  F.  Young  

John  H  Strange      

....do.... 
....do  ... 

...do.... 

Jacob  Groves  

....do.... 

Jacob  Hulse  

..    do.... 

do 

Charles  L.  Shermer  
Charles  S.  Drake  

Corporal 
do.... 

JohnW  Grady      .... 

do 

Henry  F    Smith  

.   .do     . 

William    Fulton  
Beebe  Barrere  

...do  .. 
do  .. 

do 

John  Rockel 

do 

Calvin  A  Webber 

do 

William  Schwartz 

....do.... 
....do.... 

Martin  T.  Vanpelt  

David  L  Kellis 

do 

George  0.  Young  
John  Shotts  

....do.... 
do 

Jacob  Gatts 

do 

James  H.  Hill  

do 

Henry  H.  Maddox  

Bugler 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


31 


Names. 

Rank. 

o 
to 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

David  Sauter  

?1 

Aug    14,  1861 

3  yrs 

Discharged  May  27  1862    at  Nashville    Tenn 

Walter  C  Croiner 

do 

18 

Feb       6    1864 

3  yr^ 

^on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

Charles  C.  Taylor  

William  Leaman  
Thomas  Brown  

Farrier 

B.  Smith, 
do 

2o 

23 
45 

Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.   14,  1861 
Sept    14,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

pany  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed    Jan.  4,  1864;   absent  sick  in  hos 
pital,  at  Conwayboro,  S.  C.,  since  Aug.  13, 
1855;  no  further  record;  veteran. 
Mustered  out,  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration   of 
term  of  service. 

do 

*>fi 

Mch    28   1864 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Appointed  Oct    6    1864'   mustered    out    with 

Carey  A.  Smith  
John  Stewart  
Barer,  James  

Barrere,  Hazard  
Barrere,  Milton  

Barrett,  Jonathan  
Beaty,  Pearson...  

Beckwith,  Barnes  

Bingamon,  Cornelius  .  •  . 
Brabham  John  W  

Saddler 
Wagoner 
Private 

....do.... 
...do.... 

...do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 

...do.... 
do 

24 
40 
18 

18 
19 

24 
33 

32 

19 
•>fi 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1S61 
Sept.    2,  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Feb.   11.  1864 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.  18,  1864 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Oct.      1,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1  yr. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 

comp-iny  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharge'!  July  10,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  June  18,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Transferred  from  Co.  I  ;  mustered  out  Oct. 
6,  1864,  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Killed  Nov.  27,  1863,  in  action  at  Cleveland, 
Tenn. 
Mustered  out    Oct.  6,    1864,  on    expiration   of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 
Discharged  Aug.  6,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  June  17,  1865,  at  Nashville  Tenn., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 

Discharged  June  25,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 

Brabham  Wellington... 

do.... 

19 

Oct.      1,  1864 

1  yr. 

on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Discharged  June  25,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 

Bracken,  Craig  

..do.... 

is 

Jan.     5,  1864 

3  yrs. 

on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Died  June  25,  1865,  in    hospital    at  Atlanta, 

Bragg,  John  W  

....  do  .... 
do 

19 
32 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Sept.  12,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Ga. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,    1864,   on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.    6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Brown,  Charles  

....do.... 
do 

40 

0^ 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug    14   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  June  22,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,   on  expiration  of 

Campbell,  Isaac  E  
Campbell,  James  S  

....do.... 
....do.... 

do 

20 
19 

35 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Sept.  30,  1861 

Aug    14,  1861 

3  ys. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Died  April  12,  1864. 
Died  Jan.  19,    1865,  in   hospital  at  Edgefield, 
Tenn.;  veteran. 
Transferred  to  187th  Co.  1st  Battalion  Veteran 

Carr  George  R  

do  .... 

?0 

\ug.  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Reserve    Corps  ;  to    243rd  Co.  1st  Bat 
talion   Veteran    Reserve  Corps  ;  to  Co. 
A,   9th  Regiment    Veteran  Reserve    Corps 
;  from  which   mustered    out  with    com 
pany  Nov.  16.  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,    on  expiration  of 

Chaffin,  James  
Charle^  Philip  

...do... 
do.... 

23 

IS 

Sept.  14,  1861 
Feb.    11,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Died  Sept.  28,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  186o. 

Clark  William 

do 

28 

Sept   14,  1861 

3  yrs. 

CJaybaugh,  William  

Colliga.n,  John  B  
Conover,  George  W  

Daugherty,  James  

Davis,  William  T  
Deekhoff  Antonia 

....do.... 

....do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 

....do... 
do 

29 

37 
19 

22 

17 
40 

Aug.  27,  1861 

Sept.  14,  1861 
Aug.  29,  1861 

Feb.    11,  1864 

Aug.  19,  1864 
Mch.  29,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

1  yr. 

3  yrs. 

Transferred   from  Co.    I  ;  mustered  out 
Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv- 

Discharged  March  1,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certi 
ficate  of  disability. 
Transferred  from  Co.    I  ;  mustered    out 
Oct.    6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv- 

Also  'borne  on  rolls  as  "James  W;"  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Died  Dec.  19.  1864. 
Died  Aug.  14,  1865,  in  hospital  at  Charleston, 

Deitnich  Benjamin. 

...do.... 

94 

Aug.  24,  1861 

3  yrs. 

S.  C. 
Transferred  from  Co.  I  ;  mustered  out  Oct. 

Dougan,  Calvin  
Dve  Ross  N 

....do.... 
..do  ... 

21 
18 

Feb.   10,  1864 
Sept.  28,  1864 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 

6,  1864,  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  June  5,  1865,  from  hospital  at 
Camp  Dennison,  0.,  by    order  of   >\  ar  De- 
Mustered"  out   June   17,   1865,    at  Nashville, 

Dye,  Thomas  M  
Easter    Elias 

....do... 
do.. 

18 
34 

Sept.  28,  1864 
Feb.    15.  1864 

1  yr. 
3  vrs. 

Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered    out    June    17,   1865,  at    Nashville, 
Tenn..  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Erbs,  John  

...do.... 

18 

Sept.  28,  1864 

1  yr. 

Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Arb;"  mustered  out 

June  17,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  by  order 
of  War  Department. 

32 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

£ 

<: 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Engelken  ,  Bar  thold  

Private 

?,*> 

Aug.  25,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Transferred    from  Co.  I  ;   mustered  out 

Fairlee   John  W 

do 

18 

Jan     16,  1864 

3  yrs 

Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Also  borne  on   the  rolls  as  "Farley"  trans 

Feely,  George  W  
Fenner,  Jacob  E,  
Frost    William 

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

20 
20 
23 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Feb.   27,  1864 
Sept     7   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

f  erred  from  Co.  I  April  1,  1864;  mustered  out 
Sept.  14,  1865,  at  New  York  City,  by  order  of 
War  Department. 
Died  April  18,  1865,  in  hospital  at  Camp  Chase, 
0.  ;  veteran. 
Died  Nov.  4,  1864,  while    at  home  on     fur 
lough. 

Oalbreath,  Alexander.  .  . 
Gates,  Charles  L  
Harper,    William  
Harris   Eli 

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

22 
37 
43 
^0 

Aug.  18,  1863 
Jan.      5.  1864 
Oct.      4,  1864 
Feb     11    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
1    yr. 
3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Transferred  from'  Co.  I  April  21,  1864;  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred   from  Co.  L  April  1,  1864;    mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 
Died  Aug.  30,  1865,  in  hospital  at  Darlington, 

Harris,  Joel  

...  .do 

9^ 

Au°-    14,  1861 

3  vrs 

Seriously  wounded  Dec  31   1862  in  the  battle 

Hendershot,  Jacob  

Hickman,  Jackson  
Horr,  C.  B  

....do.... 

...do... 
.  do.... 

32 

19 
?() 

Feb.    13,  1864 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug    14,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

^of  Stone  River,  Tenn.  ;  no  further  record. 
Killed  June  15,  1864,    in   action    at    Noonday 
Creek,  Ga. 
Died  July  1,  1863. 

Hulse,  George  

...do.... 

21 

Aug    14,  1861 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Oct   6     1864     on  expiration  of 

Jenny    Charles 

do 

3] 

Sept    14    1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 

Johnson,   Jarrett.  ..  . 

do 

9^ 

Au°-    14   1861 

3  yr5* 

term  of  service. 
Wounded  June  16  1864    at  Kene^aw  Moun 

Keesbery,  John  W  

....do.... 

18 

Feb    15   1864 

3  yrs 

tain,  Ga.;  discharged  May  30,  1865,  at  Camp 
Dennison,  0.,  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  dis 
ability;  veteran. 

Kelso  John  M 

do 

IS 

Sept     7   1861 

3  vr* 

out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Keplinger,  Elias 

do 

23 

Sept    19   1861 

3  yrs 

eran. 

King,  William  

do 

9'i 

Aug    20   1864 

1    vr 

6,  1864.  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 

Knight,  Jasper  

do 

on 

July    12    1862 

3  yr* 

0..  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Transferred  from  Co  I  \pril  ';1    1864*  sick  in 

Lambert    John  

do 

oq 

Sept     7    1861 

3  JTS 

hospital  at   Stevenson.  Ala.,   since  Sept.  2, 
1863;  no  further  record. 

Lemons.  Samuel  B  
Lynch,  James 

...do... 
do 

20 
42 

Feb.    12,  1864 
Sept    2P    1864 

3  yrs. 

on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

McKenzie,  John  

do 

96 

Feb     17   1  864 

3  yrs 

further  record. 

McMasters,  George  T.  W 

McMullen,  Joseph  
Malone,  John  W  

....do.... 

...do... 
do 

22 

25 
IP 

Sept.    2,  1861 

Mch.  15,  1864 
Dec     16    1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
1    vr 

Transferred  from  Co.  I  ;  mustered  out  Oct. 
6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Mathers,  Henry. 

do 

20 

Sept    98    1864 

i 

Mercer,  George  W  
Miller,  Casper  

Miller,  James  G  

.  ...do.... 
....do.... 

do 

22 
34 

91 

Sept.    :i,  1861 
Sept.    3.  1861 

Aug    14    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  vr<s 

Tenn,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Captured  April  12,  1865,  at  Columbus,  Ga.  ;  no 
further  record. 
Transferred  from  Co.   I  ;    mustered  out 
Oct.  6,  1864,  on   expiration   of  term  of  serv 
ice. 

Morrow,  James  
Mulford,  John  W 

....do.... 
do 

31 

?0 

Sept.    3,  1861 
Aug    28   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  vr-* 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.   6,    1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Muncy,  Isaac  N  
Onetto,  Charles.  ..   . 

....do.... 
do 

16 
•>? 

Aug.  13,  1864 
Sept   28   1864 

1    yr. 
1     vr 

out  Oct.  6,  1864,  at  Columbus,  0.,  on  expira 
tion  cf  term  of  service. 
Mustered    out    June    17,    1865,    at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 

Overman,  Eliiah  

do 

IP 

Aug    14    1861 

3  yr1* 

Tenn.,  since  June  1,  1865;  no  further  record. 
Died  Jan    10  1864 

Overma.n,  William 

do 

21 

Sept   30    1861 

3  yrV 

Pettibone,  John  H  

Pitts,  Monroe  
Purdum,  Jeremiah  .. 

....do.... 

...do... 
do 

31 
18 

Dec.    31,  1863 

Oct.      4,  1864 
Sept   22    1861 

3  yrs. 

1     yr. 

3  yr^ 

term  of  service. 
Transferred  from  Co.  L  April  1,  1864;  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 

rodsburjr,  Ky.  ;  returned  to  company  March 
20,  1863  :  captured  Nov.  27,  1H63,  at  Cleveland, 
Tenn.  :  paroled  March  7,  1864,  at  City  Point, 
Va.;  mustered  out  Oct.  6.  1864,  at  Columbia, 
Tenn.,  on  expiration  of  time  of  service. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


Names. 

Rank. 

e 
be 

<5 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Pyers,  Martin  E  
Reed,  William  H  

Private 
do 

18 
24 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Sept  5,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Emmott  Pyers;"  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Transf  erred  from  Co.    I    ;  mustered  out 

Robinson,  Lines  
Roney,  Andrew  J  

...do... 
do 

22 
2U 

Feb.  19,  1864 
Sept  30,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Oct.  6,   1864,  on  expiration  of  time  of  serv 
ice. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred  from  Co     G  April   15,   1864;  mus 

Ross,  David  C  

do 

19 

Aug  31  1861 

3  yrs 

tered  out  with  company  Sept.   13,1865;   vet 
eran. 

9 

Roush,  Absalom  
Roush,  James  

....do.... 
do 

18 

?K 

Sept.  28,  1864 
Sept  30,  1864 

1  yr. 

1  yr 

Mustered  out    June    17,    1865,  at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  June  17,  186.c>,  at  Na.-hville/fenn  , 

Roush,  William  

do 

?4 

Sept.  30,  1864 

1  yr. 

by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  June  17,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 

Rumbold,  Joseph  

Schwartz,  Jacob  
Scott,  Alexander  H  

Scott  John  W  .... 

....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 

do 

20 

19 
19 

27 

Sept.  30,  1864 

Aug.  31,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug  14,  1861 

1  yr. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

by  order  of  War  Department. 
Died  Feb.  13,    1865,  in  hospit.il  at  Camp  Den- 
uison,  O. 
Trnnsf  erred    to  3d  U.  S.  Cavalry  1-Yb.   14,  1863. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,1865:  vet 
eran. 
On  detached  duty  as    forage  master  at    Head 

Shoemaker,  Abram 

do 

44 

Feb  20,  1864 

3  yrs. 

quarters    Cavalry    Corps,    Middle    Military 
Division,  since  Feb.  28,   1865;  mustered  out 
Aug.  11,  1865,  at  Columbus,  0..  by  order  of 
War  Department;  veteran. 
Died  Feb.  18,   1865,  in  hospital   at  New  York 

Shoemaker,  William  .  .  . 
Smith,  James  

s....do  ... 
do 

18 
45 

Feb.  20,  1864 
Sept.  12,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

City. 
Also  borne  on  rolls   as    "William    H.;"  dis 
charged  June  7,    1865,  on    Surgeon's    certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged    June  18,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Smith,  Jeremiah  

do 

3? 

Sept.  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  May  19,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Smith,  John  B  

do      . 

38 

Sept.  3,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  June  22,  1862,    on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Smith,  Van  Buren  V.... 
Smith,  William  .  . 

....do.... 
do 

18 
19 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Feb.  16,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out    Oct.  6,   1864,    on  expiration    of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

.Stafford,  A.  R  
Stage,  William  

Still  Smith 

....do.... 
....do.... 

do 

26 
35 

18 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Oct.  4,  1864 

Aug  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,   1864,    on  expiration    of 
term  of  service. 
Absent  sick  since  Jan.  26,  1865,  in  No.  8  Gen 
eral  Hospital,  Nashville,  Tenn.;  no  further 
record. 
Mustered  out   Oct.  6,   1864,  on   expiration  of 

Stoker,  Joseph  W  .  . 

do 

18 

Sept.  2,  1861 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Transferred  from  Co.  I  April  21,1864;  prisoner 

Stratton,  Gilmer  

.Stratton,  Thomas  B  
Strickler,  Charles  

Stults,  George  
.Stuart,  Charles  

Taylor,  Carey 

....do.... 

...do.... 
....do.... 

...do  ... 
....do.... 

do 

18 

20 
26 

23 
24 

41 

Aug.  14,  1861 

Feb.  8,  1864 
Sept.  26,  1864 

Feb.  13,  1864 
Dec.  12,  1864 

Feb.  29,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 

3  yrs. 

of  war;  mustered  out  Jan.  '28,    1865,  at   Col 
umbus,  0.,  on  expiration  of   term    of  serv 
ice. 
Discharged  July  5,  1865,  from  Tripler  Hospital, 
Columbus,  0..  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disa 
bility;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered   out   June    17,    1865,    at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Absent  sick  in  hospitals  since  April    3<),  1865; 
returned  to  duty  Oct.  5,  1865,  from  Cumber 
land  hospital,    Nashville,    Tenn.,  where  he 
was    admitted  Sept.   30,    1865;    no    further 
record. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Tiaamons,  Warren  
Troutrine,  Andrew  

....do.... 
.  do.... 

19 
43 

Sept.  14,  1861 
Sept.  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Discharged  April  16.  1863,  to  date  Jan.  4,  1862, 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Feb.  19,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Turner,  William  

....do.... 
do 

16 
W 

Sept.  26,  1864 
Aug.  14,  1861 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "William  P.  ;    mustered 
out  June  17,  1865,  at    Nashville,    Teiin.,    by 
order  of  War  Department. 
Died  May  12.  1862. 

Vanay,  Henry  A  

Vanpelt,  John  B  
Vinson,  Charles  D  

Welch,  Edward  

....do.... 

....do.... 

....do.... 

....do.... 

44 

19 
24 

24 

Aug.  14,  1861 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Aug.  14,  1861 

Sept.  17.  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Drowned  March  1,  1862,  in  the  Ohio  River  by 
falling  from  steamer  "Sunny  South,"  while 
en  route  to  Nashville.  Tenn. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 
\l*o  borne  on  rolls  as  "Charles  Vincent.;     on 
detached  service  at  Edgefield.    Tenn..  since 
Mav  16,  1865;  mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1865,  at 
Columbus,  0.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv- 

Transfnrred  from  Co.  I  ;  mustered  out  Oct. 
H.  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 

34 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

g 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Eemarks. 

Wells  Thenton 

Private 

Mustered  out  Aug.  28,  1865,  by  order  of  War 

Whalen,  Nimrod  
Whitney,  Charles  L  

Williams,  Andrew  J  — 
Wilkins,  Philip  

..   .do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 
....do.... 

20 
30 

41 
IS 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Dec.      6,  1862 

Aug.  14,  1861 
Feb.    11,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Department,  per  special  order  No.  463,  Adjt. 
General's  Office. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Transferred  from  Co.  I  April  21.  1864;  sent  to 
Government  Hospital  for  the  Insane  March 
31,  1864. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Died  Aug.  12,  1864,  in  hospital  at  Columbia, 

Ye.irian,  Emanuel  
Young,  Francis  

....do.... 
do  .. 

18 

95 

Oct.      1,  1864 
Aug.  14,  1861 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 

Tenn. 
Discharged  June  25,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Died  April  2,  1864,  in  hospital  at  Nashville, 

Young,  Thomas  B  
/hick,  Clark  M 

...do... 
do  ... 

19 

19 

Feb.   29,  1864 
Aug.  14,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Tenn.;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Died  Dec.  28,  1862. 

COMPANY    I. 

Mustered  in  Sept.  23,  1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  John  R.  Edie,  Major  15th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  Mustering 

Officer.     Mustered  out    Sept.  13,  1865,  at    Hilton   Head,  S.  C.,    by  Leslie  Smith,  Brevet 

Major  and  Captain  1st  U.  S.  Infantry,  Commissary  of   Musters, 

District  of  South  Carolina. 


Stephen  C.  Writer  

Captain 

33 

Aug.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Sept.  23,  1861;  wounded  July  15, 

1862,  near  Cortlaud,  Ala.  ;  promoted  to  Ma 

jor  April  1,  1863. 

John  P.  Rea  

....do.... 

21 

Aug.  20,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  2d   Lieutenant  Sept.  23,  1861  ;  pro 

moted  to  1st  Lieutenant  March  12,  1862;  to 

Captain  April  1,  1863;  mustered  out  Nov,  23, 

1864,  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  on  expiration  of  term 

of  service. 

William   G.  Lawder  

....do.... 

19 

Aug.  25,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  1st  Sergeant  from  Sergeant  ; 

promoted  to     2d     Lieutenant   Co.  E  April 

22,    1863;    transferred    from     Co.  E    ; 

promoted  to  1st    Lieutenant    Co.    M  to  date 

March  31,  1864;  to  Captain  from  1st  Lieuten 

ant  Co.  F  Dec.  14,  1864;  mustered  out  with 

company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Ralph  M.  Horton  

1st  Lieut. 

32 

Aug.  25,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Sept.  23,  1861;  resigned  March  12, 

1862. 

Jonathan  Carr 

do 

31 

Aug.  28,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to    2d  Licutcnfl/nt  from  1st  SergG&nt 

to  date  April  1.  1863;  to  1st  Lieutenant  March 

31,  1864;  to  Captain  Dec.  14,  1864,  but  not 

mustered;    mustered    out    Dec.    30,  1864,  at 

Nashville,  Tenn.,  on  expiration  of  term  of 

service. 

Robert  Johns 

do  

27 

Aug.  26,  1861 

3  vr* 

Promoted   from  Com.  Sergeant     of     Co.    E 

o    y  L  &. 

Jan.  6,  1865;  mustered    out    with   company 

Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran.     ' 

Amos  D.  Leib  

2d  Lieut. 

24 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted     from    Q.     M.      Sergeant    of      Co. 

F  Nov.  20,  1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant  and  Regt. 

Commissary  April  18,  1863. 

John  W.  Laughlin  

....do.... 

24 

Jan.    20,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Promoted   from    Sergt.    Major  July    30,  1864; 

transferred  to  Co.  B  Aug.  28,  1864. 

Henry  E.   Rector  

....do.... 

19 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  from  1st  Sergeant  Co.  E   March  18, 

1865;  to  1st  Lieutenant  Aug.  15,  1865,  but  not 

mustered  :  mustered  out  with  company  Sept. 

13,  1865;  veteran. 

Nathan  B.  Teeter  

IstSergt. 

19 

Sept.    2,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  Jan.  4,  1864;  1st  Sergeant 

May  10,  1864;   mustered  out  with  company 

Sept.  13.  1865;  veteran. 

Frank  A.  T.  Rupel  

Q.    M.  S. 

27 

Aug.  29,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Feb.  9,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

cate  of  disability. 

George  W.  Day  

....do.... 

31 

Aug.  27,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Dec. 

1,      18(>2;   Q.    M.      Sergeant  Jan.    4.    1864; 

mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865: 

veteran. 

Jacob  M.  Sullenberger.  . 

Coin.  Ser. 

28 

Aug.  28,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  from  Sergeant    ;  wounded  

in  action  at  Decatur,  Ala.;   promoted  to  1st 

Lieutenant  Co.  E  Dec.  14,  1864. 

Cyrus  W.  Stickle  

....do.... 

22 

Sept.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal    Jan.    4,    1864;    Sergeant 

Nov.  1,  1864:  Com.  Sergeant  ;   mustered 

out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


35 


Names. 

Rank. 

4 

Date  of 

Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Benjamin  F.  Speelman.. 

ergeant 

21 

Aug.  27,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Wounded  Oct.  4,  1862,  in  action  at   Bardstown. 

Ky.  ;  mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration 

of  term  of  service. 

Richard  M  Martin 

do     . 

32 

Aug.  27,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out    Oct.    6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

term  of  service. 

Andrew  L.  Small  

...do.... 

36 

Aug.  27,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  from  Corporal  Dec.  1,  18(52;  promot 

ed  to  1st  Lieutenant  Co.  II  March  18.  18(55. 

Nathaniel  Tucker  

...do.... 

22 

Sept.  17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  Jan.    4,    1S64;    Sergs-ant 

July  4,  1864;  mustered  out  Sepr  19,    1865,  at 

Columbus,  0.,  to  date  Sept.  13,  186o,  by  order 

of  War  Department:  veteran. 

William  H  Acton. 

...do.... 

22 

Sept.    3,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  Jan.    4,    18;>4;    Sergeant 

Nov.    1,  18H4:  mustered  out  with  company 

Sept.  13,  186>;  veteran. 

James  Furnas  

...do  ... 

24 

Oct.    11,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed     Corporal     May     10,     1864;     Ser 

geant     Nov.      1.      18(54;      wounded      Aug. 

20,    1864,    in    action     at    Lovejoy     Station, 

Ga.;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 

1865;  veteran. 

John    B    Small  

..do.... 

20 

Aug.  26,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  May  10,  1864;    Sergeant 

Jan.  1,  1865;  wounded  April  1,  1865,  in  action 

at  Ebenezer  Church,  Ga.;  mustered  out  with 

company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

John  W    Martin 

do 

21 

Aug.  27,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  July  16,    18(54;    Sergeant 

June  15,  1865;   mustered  out  with  company 

Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

John  C.  Sawyer  

Corporal 

19 

Aug.  20,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,    1864,    on  expiration  of 

term  of  service. 

William  C    Allen 

do 

22 

Sept.    2,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Oct.    6,    1864,   on  expiration  of 

term  of  service. 

Charles  S.  Drake  

...do.... 

22 

Sept.    2,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Wounded  in    action   ;  transferred  to    Co. 

II  . 

Charles  L.  Shermer  
William  A.  Simpson  

...do.... 
...do.... 

33 

19 

Sept.    2,  1861 
Aug.  28,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Transferred  to  Co.  H  . 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,    18(54,    on    expiration  of 

term  of  service. 

John.  li  Swftn 

do 

27 

July   12,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  ;  mustered  out  June  17,  1865,  at 

Nashville,  Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Depart 

ment. 

George  W.  Morrin  

...do.... 

18 

Aug.  25,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Wounded  July  15,  1862.  in   action  near  Court- 
land,  Ala.;  appointed  Corporal  Nov.  1,  18(54; 

mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 

veteran. 

Ja«per  N   Jones 

....do... 

20 

Sept.    5.  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Nov.    1,1864;    mustered    out  with 

company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

William  E.  Place  

....do... 

32 

Feb.   25,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Nov.    1,1864;  mustered    out    with 

William  Wilson  

....do... 

25 

Sept.  27,  1861 

3  yrs. 

company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Nov.  1,  1864;   mustered   out    with 

company  Sept.  13,  1865  ;  veteran. 

Charles  E.  Ba  rlow  

...do... 

18 

Sept.    3,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Jan.  1,   1865;   mustered  out  with 

company  Sept.  13,  1865  ;  veteran. 

Milton  Edgell  

....do... 

20 

Aug.  31,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed    June    15,  1865;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

William  F  Long 

do 

....  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  June  15,  1865;  mustered  out  with 

company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Lewis  D.  Doty  

Bugler 

36 

Sept.    3,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Nov.  16,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Jedediah  II.  Darwin  

....do... 

38 

Aug.  30,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  Dec.  12,  1862,  on    Surgeon's  certifi 

cate  of  disability. 

Theodore  Brotherton.  .  . 
Burnett  Brotherton  
Oliver  Birely 

...do... 
....do  .. 
Farrier 

18 
17 
25 

Feb.   13,  1864 
Feb.   13,  1864 
Sept.    4,  1861 

3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13   18^5. 
Mustered   out  Oct.  6,   1864,  on   expiration  of 

term  of  service. 

Matthew  Simms  

....do... 

36 

Sept.  19,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Jan.    4.   1864;  mustered  out    with 
companv  Sept.  13,  186  ">;  veteran. 

John  W.  Powell  

....do... 

22 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Jan.   4,1864;    wounded    in  action 
;    mustered    out     with    company  Sept. 

13,  1865;  veteran. 

George  W.  Speelman.  .  . 

Saddler 

20 

Aug.  27,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Jan.  4,   1864;   wounded  in  action 
;  mustered  out  Sept.  19,   1865,  at  Colum 

bus,  0.,  to  date  Sept.  13,  1865,  by  order  of 

Acton,  Sidney  

Private 

20 

Feb.    23,  1864 

3  yrs. 

War  Department;  veteran. 
Died  July  15,  1864,  in  hospital  at  Nashville, 
Tenn. 

Alexander,  Charles  W.  . 

...do... 

28 

Aug.  31,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet- 

Anderson,  Francis  M.  .  . 
Anderson,  John  W  

...do... 
....do... 
do     . 

22 
18 
18 

Feb.    19,  1864 
Feb.    10,  1864 
Sept.    2,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Wounded   Jan.    1,    1863,    in    battle    of  Stone 

JJOiTUr,    ud.Hl     O... 

River,  Tenn.;  transferred  to  Co.  II  . 

Barlow,  George  W  
Barton,  Stephen  

...do... 
....do... 

19 
20 

Aug.  28,  1861 
Sept.    3,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Died  March  31.  1862. 
Died  Aug.  2(5.  1864,  of  wounds  received    in  ac 
tion  Aug.  20.  1864,  at  Lovejoy  Station,  Ga.; 

veteran. 

Behm,  Frederick  

....do... 

18 

April   5,  1865 

1    yr. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

36 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

» 

bfi 
<tj 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Private 

18 

Sept     2,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out    Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration    of 

Bively,  Sample  C  
Black  Thomas  J  

...do.... 
do.... 

20 

fin 

Sept.  10,  1861 
Sept.  18,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Discharged  Jan.  24,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Blevins,  Nathan  
Blood,  William  F  
Bodkin  Robert 

...do.... 
...do.... 
do 

27 
18 
97 

Feb.    22,  1864 
Feb.    10,  1864 
Sept     2   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 

Brady,  Peter  

do     .. 

'1 

Sept.    2,  1861 

3  yrs. 

eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 

Bray,  Redding  .... 

Cass^'l,  William  H  
Casteel,  Francis  

Chroneberry,  Frank  
Claybaugh,  William  

...do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 

...do.... 
...do  ... 
do 

20 

18 
24 

19 
29 
9q 

Sept.    2,  1861 

Feb.    23,  1864 
Feb.    24,  1864 

Sept.  18,  1861 
Aug.  27,  1861 
Mch     9    1865 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
1    yr 

eran. 
Transferred  to  Co.   C.  8th  Regiment  Veteran 
Reserve  Corps  ;  from  which  mustered  out 
Sept.  8,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Died  Aug.  15,  1864,  in  hospital  at  Columbus,  0. 
Mustered  out  June  7,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
by  order  of  \Var  Department. 

Transferred  to  Co.  II  . 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

dumb,  Francis  A  
Co'ite,  James  

....do.... 
..do... 

37 
V4 

Aug.  30,  1861 
Feb.    18,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.   13,   1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Conover,  Alonzo 

do  ... 

IS 

Mch    19   1864 

3  yrs 

Killed  Aug.  20,  1864,  in  action  at  Lovejoy  Sta 

Conover,  George  W  

do... 

19 

Aug    29   1861 

3  vrs. 

tion,  Ga. 
Transferred  to  Co.  H  . 

Coppock,  Henry  II  
Cral  1,  Richard  
Crowley,  Andrew 

...do... 
....do.... 
do  ... 

22 
28 

IS 

Feb.    22,  1864 
Sept.  20,  1861 
Feb     20    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Crowley,  Patrick  

...do... 

18 

Dec      7,  1^64 

1    yr. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Dabus,  Leonard.  — 
Dabus,  L^wis 

....do.... 

do 

20 

•>o 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Wounded  Aug.  20,  1864,  in  action  near  Lovejoy 
Station,  Ga.;  mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on 
expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.   13,    1865; 

Deeter,  Daniel  E  

do 

IS 

Feb     17    1864 

3  yrs 

veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Deeter,  Emanuel  

....do.... 

17 

June  15,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to  Sergt.  Major  July  9,  1865;veteran. 

Deeter,  Ephraim  
Deitrich,  Benjamin 

...do.... 
do 

18 
*>1 

Feb.    22,  1864 
Aug    24   1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out    May  19,    1865,  from    hospital  at 
Jeffersonville,  Ind.,  by  order  of  War  Depart 
ment. 
Transferred  to  Co.  H  . 

Devinney,  John  
Dollenger,  John  S  

....do.... 
do 

28 

99 

Dec.    13,  1864 
Oct     11    1861 

1    yr. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Wounded  Aug.  20,  1864,  in  the   battle  of  Love- 

Donoghue,  Daniel  .  . 

do 

IS 

Dec      7    1864 

1    yr 

joy  Station,    Ga.  ;  promoted  to  Sergt.  Major 
Sept.  8,  1864  ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Donnan,  Augustus  
Dungan,  Sylvanus 

....do.... 
do 

25 
18 

Feb.    27,  1864 
Feb     25   1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as   "Svlvanus  M.  ;"  mus 

Enbody,  George  W  

do 

IP 

Feb     29,  1864 

3  vr^ 

tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Engelken,  Barthold  
Fenner,  Rufus  C  
Foster,  Franklin 

...do... 
....do.... 
do 

25 
24 

18 

Aug.  25,  1861 
Feb.    20,  1864 
Mch      9    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  >rs. 
3  yrs 

Transferred  to  Co.  II  . 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Galbreath,  Alexander... 
Green,  William  W 

....do.... 
do 

22 
19 

Aug.   18,  1863 
Feb     22    1864 

3  yrs. 

Transferred  to  Co.  II  April  21,  1864. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Grunert,  Frederick  

Gurton,  Theodore  
Hamel,  James  H  

....do.... 

...do... 
...do... 

28 

21 
IS 

Sept.    4,  1861 

Feb.    22,  1864 
Feb.    29,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

Transferred  to  153d  Co.  2d  Battalion  Veteran 
Reserve  Corps  ,  from  which  mustered  out 
Sept.  6,  1864,  on   expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Hertle,  Christian  

Ilickson,  Matthew  
Hilliard.  Wm.  11.  II  

Jones,  Charles  

....do.... 

....do... 
...do.... 

do 

35 

18 
23 

19 

Sept.    3,  1861 

Feb.   27,  1864 
Aug.  30,  1861 

Feb    25   1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Transferred  to  56th    Co.  2d  Battalion  Veteran 
Reserve  Corps  ;  then  to  Co.  1,  12th  Regi 
ment    Veteran    Reserve    Corps    :    from 
which    mustered  out  Sept.  23,  1864,  on  expi 
ration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  May  '?6  1865    at  Madison   Ind., 

Kennard,  Thomas  R  

Keplinger,  Elias  
King,  Daniel  E 

....do  ... 

....do.... 
do 

24 

23 

18 

Sept.     2,  1861 

Sept.  19.  1861 
;\'oh     q    igf,4 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

by  order  of  War  Department. 
Wounded  in   action  ;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Transferred  to  Co.  H  . 

Ki/cr,  Nicholas  

do 

% 

Sept      2    1861 

3  vrs 

Died  Jan   20   iS63 

Knight,  Jasper  
Lawder,  Charles  II  
McGinnis,  James 

....do.... 
...do.... 
do 

20 
18 
43 

July   12.  1S62 
Mar.  11,  1S64 
Sept      2    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Transferred  to  Co.  II  April  21,  1864. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

McGowan,  Charles  S  

....do.... 

19 

Sept.    4,  1861 

3  yrs. 

on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Oot.  6,    1864,    on    expiration    of 
term  of  service. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


37 


Names. 

Rank. 

& 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

McMalv.  George  W 

Private 
....do.... 
....do.... 

.  .  .do 
....do  ... 
....do.... 
...do... 
do 

18 
22 
33 

18 
22 
19 
34 
25 
24 

35 

29 
30 

18 

18 
23 

33 

29 
21 

25 

22 

22 
18 
24 
31 

18 

29 
36 
18 

22 

35 
19 
22 

34 

25 
20 

19 
25 

18 
22 

18 
20 

27 
18 

18 
31 
31 
24 
30 
19 

18 
35 

36 

Feb.    23,  1864 
Sept.    2,  1861 
Feb.    19,  1864 

Feb.   23,  1864 
Feb.    25,  1864 
Feb.    23,  18H4 
Sept.    3,  1N61 
April  Jl,  1865 
Sept.    3,  1861 

Aug.  28,  1861 

Aug.     7,  1861 
Aug.  28,  1861 
Oct.      3,  1861 

Feb.    22,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Aug.  29,  1861 

Feb.    25,  1864 
Sept.  19,  1861 

Feb.    22,  1864 
Sept.  19,  18»il 

Feb.     9.  1864 
Feb.    22,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 
Aug.  29,  1861 

Mch.    9,  1864 

Sept.    4,  1864 
Feb.    24,  1864 
Mch.    9,  1864 

Aug.  28,  1861 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept.  25,  1861 
Sept.    4,  1861 

Sept.  19,  1861 
Sept.    4,  1861 
Sept.    2,  1861 

Feb.    25,  1864 
Sept.  17,  1861 

Sept.    2.  1861 
Oct.      2,  1861 

Feb.    29,  1864 
Sept.  17,  1861 

Feb.    29,  1864 
Sept.    3,  1861 

Feb.   29,  1864 
Mch.    3,  1864 
Mch.    9,  1865 
Sept.  17,  186L 
Dec.     6,  1852 
Aug.  27,  1861 

Mch.    9,  1864 
Aug.  26,  1861 

Feb.    10,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
1  vr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
o  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Co.  II  . 
On  detached  _  service    from    Nov.   18.  1864,    to 
June  4.  1865;  mustered    out    with    company 
Sept.  13,  18li5. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  18b5. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Co.  II  . 
Mustered  out.  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,    1864,    on    expiration    of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 
Transferred  from  Co.  C  Dec.  16,  1861  . 
Transferred  to  Co.  II  Feb.  2H,  18C>4. 
Mustered  out  with    company    Sept.    13,    186-5; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Died  March  28,  1864,  at  Pleasant  Hill,  0.;   vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Pifer;"    mustered  out 
with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Killed  Aug.  21,  1864,  in  action    near    Lovejoy 
Station,  Ga. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Co.  H  . 
Wounded  in  action  ;  mustered  out  Oct.  6, 
1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
On    detached  service  at  Post  Headquarters, 
Cincinnati,  0.;  mustered  out  July  31,   1865, 
from  Harper's  Hospital,  Detroit,  Mich.,  by 
order  of  War  Department. 
Died  March  20,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  June  5,  1865,  at  Camp  Dennison, 
0.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Wounded  in  action  ;   mustered  out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Died  Jan  4,  1863;  suicide  by  pistol  shot. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  March  7,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered    out    Oct.    6,  1864.  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered   out   Oct.  6,  1864,  on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Transferred  to  Co.  H  April  21,  1864. 
Wounded  Sept.  20,  1863,  in  battle  of  Chickamau- 
ga,  Ga.  ;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Also    borne    on    rolls  as  "Samuel  M;"  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out    with    company  Sept.    13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Co.  II  . 
Transferred  to  Co.  H  April  21,  1864.       . 
Mustered  out   Oct.  6,1864,  on   expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  July  24,  1862,    on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

McMasters,  Geo.  T.  W..  '. 
Malosh,  John  D  

Marshall,  William  F.... 
Martin.  Joseph  H  
Miles,  Alexander  C  
Miller,  Casper  
Miller,  John 

Minto,  Robert  II  

do 

....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 
....do.... 

...do... 
....do  .. 

....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 

....do  ... 
....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 
....do  ... 
....do.... 

do 

Mooney,  Patrick  
Mulford,  John  W  
Murray,  John  K  

Neaves.  Elihu  
O'Harra,  Thomas  

Patterson,  Samuel  H  — 
Patty  Wilk  F 

Peifer,  John  
Place,  Benjamin  

Quick,  Moses  

Reed,  William  H  

Richmond,  John  
Risk,  David  

Robinson,  William  T.  .  .  . 
Rodsrers,  George  
Rutter,  George  P  

Sanders  Peter  F  .  ' 

...do.... 
...do... 
....do.... 

....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 
do 

Savage,  Jackson  
Shubert,  John  
Sinclair,  Hiram  R  

Sloan  William 

do 

Smith  Jacob 

do 

Snyder,  Joseph  
Speelman,  William  

....do.... 

...do.... 
do 

Stickle,  Benjamin  

Stoker,  Joseph  W...  

do     . 

do 

Ullra,  DeWitt  C 

do 

Vallery,  Daniel  
Van  Tassel,  Samuel  
Wahmhoof  ,  Samuel 

...do.... 
....do.... 
do 

Ward,  David  

...do... 
...do... 
....do.... 
do 

Weaver,  Samuel  
Webber.  Martin  
Welch,  Edward 

Whitney,  Charles  L  
Wiley,  AVilliaui  

...do... 
do     .. 

Wise,  Henry  

...do... 

Wolfram.  Charles  

....do.... 
do 

38 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


COMPANY   K. 

Mustered  in  Oct.  1, 1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  John  R.  Edie,   Major  15th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  Mustering  Offi 
cer.    Mustered  out  Sept.  13, 1865,  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  by  Leslie  Smith,  Brevet  Major  and 
Captain  1st  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Commissary  of  Musters, 
District  of  South  Carolina. 


Names. 

Rank. 

S 

•< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Thomas  W.  Forshee  

Captain 
do 

36 
29 

July   24,  1861 
Sept     1    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Appointed  Oct.  1,  1861  ;  resigned  June  6,    1862. 

William  H    Woodlief 

do     .. 

91 

Aug.     6    1861 

3  yrs 

moted   to  Captain  July  14,  1862;  captured 
July  25,  1862,  at  Courtland,  Ala,;  resigned 
April  20,  1863. 
Promoted  from  '-'d  Lieutenant  Co    (1  April 

John  W.  Laughlin  
William  L.  Curry  

Robert  K.  Reese  

....do.... 
1st  Lieut. 

....do.... 

24 
22 

?q 

Jan.    20,  1862 
Sept.    1,  1861 

Sept.    1,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  vrs. 

22,  1863;  resigned  Sept.  18,  1864. 
Pi  omoted  from  1st  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant 
to  date  March  IS,  18H5;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sepr.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  from  1st  Sergeant 
June    16,    1*62;    captured    July  25,  1862,  at 
Courtland.  Ala.;  promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant 
Dec.  31.  l<S62;to  Captain  Dec.    15,1864,  but 
not  mustered;  mustered  out  Dec.  30,  1864,  on 
expiration  of  term  of  service,  and  on  account 
of  injuries  received  by  being  thrown  from  a 
horse  Dec.  —  ,  1864,  at  Louisville,  Ky. 
Appointed  Q.  M.  Sergeant  from  Sergeant  ; 

Abram  F.  McCurdy  
William  H.  Scott  

Martin  V   High  

2d  Lieut. 
....do.... 

do  ... 

33 

24 

9? 

Sept.  27,  1861 
Aug.    5,  1831 

Sept     1    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  to  date  Dec.  14, 
18H4;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Oct.  1,  1861;  resigned  Juno  16,  1862. 
Promoted  from  Q.  M.  Sergeant  Co.  1)   to  date 
June  10,  1862;  assigned  to  duty  as  Regt.  Ad 
jutant  Oct.  31,  1862;  promoted  to  1st  Lieuten 
ant  and  Adjutant  to  date  Oct.  1,  1862. 
Promoted  from  Sergeant  Dec  31     1862'  to  1st 

Corydon  S   Irwin 

1st  Sergt 

2J 

Sept   27   1861 

3  yrs 

Lieutenant  March  31,  1864,  but  not  mustered; 
resigned  Oct.  4.  1864. 

AbijahS.  Cheers  
Daniel  Longnecker  
Alanson  L.  Sesler  

Q.  M.  S. 
....do.... 
Com   Ser 

30 

20 

9C( 

Sept.  24,  1861 
Sept.  22,  1861 
Oct     26   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yre 

1863;  wounded  Sept.  20,  1863,  in  the  battle  of 
Chickamauga,  Ga.  ;  appointed  1st   Sergeant 
Nov.  1,    1864;    mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865  ;  veteran. 
Captured  July  25,  1862,  in  action  at  Courtland, 
Ala.  ;  mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  at  Columbus, 
0..  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Appointed  Corporal  Jan.  4,  1864;  Q.  M.  Ser 
geant  Nov.  1,  1864;   mustered  out  with  com 
pany  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

John  Lucas  . 

25 

Sept   27   1861 

3  yrs 

in  action  at  Courtland,  Ala.;  appointed  Com. 
Sergeant  Nov.  1,  1864;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13.  1865;  veteran. 

Asa  L.  Reese  

do 

?l 

Sept   23    1861 

3  vrs 

term  of  service. 

John  W.  Chapin  

.      do... 

24 

Sept   24    1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 

Franklin  P  Allen 

do 

°0 

Sept   92   1861 

3  yrs 

verely  wounded  Sept.  20,  1863,  in  the  battle 
of  Chickamauga,  Ga.  :  captured  and  paroled 
Sept.  21,  1H63;  exchanged  May   1,1864;   mus 
tered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  on 
expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Appointed    from  Corporal     Dec      12      1861' 

James  W.  Robbins  
Elliott  Young  

David  W.  Hart  

....do.... 
....do.... 

do 

22 
26 

9C[ 

Oct.      1,  1861 
Sept.  23,  1861 

Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

wounded    Aug.    28,  1864.  in  action  near  At 
lanta.,  (-in.;   promoted  to  Regt.  Q.   M.  Ser 
geant,  Dec.  21,  1864:  veteran. 
Wounded  Aug.  28,  1864,  in  action  near  Atlanta, 
Ga.  ;  appointed  from  private   Nov.  1,  1864: 
mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Appointed  from  Corporal  March  12,   1862;  cap 
tured  Oct.  1,  1863,  in  action   at  Washington. 
Tenn.:   mustered    out    March    14,    1865,   at 
Columbus,    0.,    on   expiration    of  term  of 
service. 

^eant  ;  promoted   to  Regt.    Q.   M.   Ser 
geant  Jan.  4,  1864;  veteran. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


39 


Names. 

Rank. 

8 

<j 

Date  of 

Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Cornelius  Byers  

25 

Sent      1     1XR1 

Moses  Roberts 

do 

22 

VcYt     9fi    IRfil 

Appointed  from   Corporal  ;   wounded    and 
captured  (Jet.  1.  I*ii3,  in  action  at  Washing 
ton,  i<Min  ;  mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  ex 
piration  of  term  of  service. 

Thomas  B  .  Ward  
Elias  Acton  

....do  ... 
do 

20 
IP 

Oct.    16,  1861 
Aug    17   1861 

3  yrs. 

Q    vr(. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Nov. 
1,  1864;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  M, 

18()D. 

Appointed  Corporal    Nov.  1,    ]K64;   Sergeant 
Feb.  10.  1865;    mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13.  1865;  veteran. 

Edward  Evans  

ErastusD.  Hartwell  
Thomas  W  .  A  ndrcws  — 
Thomas  Kilgrove 

....do.... 

Corporal 
....do.... 
do 

27 

39 
22 
21 

Feb.    17,  1864 

Sept.    1,  1861 
Sept.  28,  1861 
Sept     1    1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

q   vr~ 

Feb.  10,  1865;    mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13.  1865;  veteran 
Appointed    Corporal    Nov.  1,    1864;   Sergeant 
July  1,  1865;    mustered  out    with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service, 
Discharged  July  5,   1862,  on   Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

William  Griffith  

do 

19 

term  of  service. 

John  F.  Young  

do 

18 

Sept    28    1861 

Tenn.;    appointed   Nov.    1.    1864;   wounded 
March  28,  1865,  inaction;   discharged    Aug. 
10,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  di-:abil- 
ity. 

Augustus  Hill 

do 

18 

Feb     18    1864 

o    vrc 

amauga,  Ga.  ;  appointed  Nov.  1,   1864;   mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  vet 
eran. 

William  B.  Harriott...'. 
John  M.  Schultz  

W  illiam  Richards  
Abel  W.  Lock  . 

....do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 
do 

25 
36 

23 
18 

Feb.    26,  1864 
Sept.  22,  1861 

Feb.    26,  1864 
Sept   92    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Q            ,,|.Q 

company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Feb.  10.  1865;  mustered  out  Sept 
14.  1865,  at  New  York  City,  by  order  of  War 
Department. 
Wounded  June  15.  1864,  in  action  at  Kennesaw 
Mountain  .  Ga.  ;  wounded  April  1,  1865,  in  the 
battle  of  Eberiezer  Church,  Ala.;  appointed 
July  1.1865;    mustered    out    with    company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed    July  1,    1865;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Wounded  Ocf  8  1862  in  battle  of  Perrvville 

Frederick  Ruff 

do 

22 

Sept   22    1861 

Ky.  ;  appointed  July  1,  1865;    mustered  out 
with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Balera  J.  Aurand  

22 

Sept    °9    1861 

Q    vrq 

company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Lewis  Latham  

do 

23 

Sept     1    1861 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Captured  Julv  25    1862    at  Courtland     Ala  ° 

Patterson  Bradley  

Acton,  Cyrus 

Farrier 
Privite 

26 
18 

Sept.  23,  1861 
Feb     26   1864 

3  yrs. 
3vrs 

mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged    Aug.  7,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Anderson,  David  
Armstrong,  Abraham.  .  .  . 

Armstrong,  Joseph  B.  .  .  . 

Armstrong,  Thomas  J.  .  . 
Armstrong,  Thomas  W.  . 
Beirsdorfer,  John  W.  ... 

Bidwell,  Mahlon  

...do.... 
...do  ... 

...do.... 

...do.... 
...do.,.. 
...do  ... 

do 

24 
3i 

39 

18 
18 
19 

19 

Sept.  23.  1861 
Aug.  13,  1861 

Aug.  15,  1861 

Aug.  13,  1861 
Aug.  13,  1861 
Mch.    7,  1865 

Feb     17    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
1    yr. 

3  yrs 

Died  May  29,  1862,  near  Corinth.  Miss. 
Discharged  June  12,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Also  borne  on    the    rolls   as    "John  B;"    dis 
charged  March  19,  1863,  on  Surgeon's   certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  June  12,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Died  Sept.  17,  1864,  of  wounds  received  in  ac 
tion  near  Atlanta,  Ga.  ;  veteran. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Beyersdorfer;"  mus 
tered  out  July  18.  1865,  at  Camp   Dennisou, 
O.,by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  14,  1865,  at  New  York  Citv, 

Brant,  Martin 

do 

35 

Sept    25    1861 

3  yr* 

by  order  of  War  Department. 
Died  Dec  19  1861,  at  Louisville,  Kv. 

Buel,  Eckford  

Bull,  Eugene  M  
Calrert,  Jarvis  J  

Campbell,  William  E  
Chapman,  Silas  W  
Clark,  Sanford  P  
Clemens,  James  C 

...do.... 

...do... 
...do.... 

...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
do 

20 

20 
19 

28 
18 
23 
29 

Oct.     10,  1861 

Feb.    26,  1864 
Sept.  24,  1861 

Sept.  24,  1861 
Sept.  26,  1861 
Dec.      5,  1861 
Sept    2°,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

Vhistered  out  Oct.  11.  1864.  at  Columbia,  Tenn.. 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Dec.  5,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  to  date  Oct.  3,  1862,  by  order  of 
War  Department. 
Mustered   out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  Feb  11,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Feb.   9,  1863.   at    Stewart's    Post, 

Tenn.,  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

40 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

g 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Clemens,  Jeremiah  C  — 
Columber,  Thomas  

Private 
....do.... 
do  ... 

21 
44 
23 

Sept.  22,  1861 
Aug.  27,  1861 
Aug.  25,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered   out   Oct.    6,  1864,  on  expiration   of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged   May  9,  1862,  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  on 

...do.... 

18 

Feb.    17,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Wounded  May  29,  1864,  in  action  at   Moulton, 

.  do  .. 

IP 

Feb.    11,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Ala.  ;  mustered    out  with  company  Sept.  13, 
1865. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Carey;"  mustered  out 

Cyphers,  William  
Darrah,  Samuel  

Domeney,  Jeremiah  
Dorsey,  Tyler 

....do.... 
....do.... 

...do  ... 
do  .. 

18 
24 

20 
?1 

Sept.  25,  1861 
Sept.  24,  1861 

Sept.  30,  1861 
Sept.  10,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  June  12,  1862,  by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 
Captured  flag  of  7th  Alabama  Cavalry  in  action 
atDtcatur,  Ala,,  May  26,  1864;  mustered  out 
Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of   term  of  serv 
ice. 
Discharged  Jan.  27,  1863,  on  Surgeen's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  July  3,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 

Erwiff,  William  
Evans  Edward  D     ... 

....do.... 
do... 

2') 

92 

Feb.    19,  1804 
Feb.   26,  18«4 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out    July    7,  1865,  from  hospital    at 
Camp    Dennison,   0.,  by  order  of    War  De 
partment. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Fisher,  Isaac  
Floyd,  Isaiah  
Fox   Henry  C 

....do.... 

....do.... 
do 

32 
19 
18 

Feb.    17,  1864 
Feb.    17,  1864 
Sept     3,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 
Discharged  June  12,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Garner,  Alonzo  M  
Garner,  Edward  C  

...do... 
....do.... 

18 
IP 

Feb.    26,  1864 
Aug.  28,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Wounded  and  captured  Oct.  1,  1863,  in  action 

George,  Hannibal  

....do  ... 

28 

Feb.    26,  1864 

3  yrs. 

at  Washington,  Tenn.;  died  July  5,  1864,  in 
reb^l  prison  at  Andersonvilie,  Ga. 
Died    May  29,  1864,  of    wounds  received  same 

Gill,  James 

do 

•>s 

Aug    20   1861 

3  yrs. 

day  in  action  at  Moulton,  Ala. 
Died  June  26  1862  at  Corinth  Miss 

Goff,  Presley  E  
Gosnell,  John  

....do.... 
do 

21 
18 

Got,    15,  1861 
Feb.    29,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Wounded  and  captured  Sept.  30,  1863,  in  action 
near  Washington,  Tenn.:  died  July  10,  1864, 
in  rebel  prison  at  Andarsonville,  Ga. 
Discharged  to  date  Nov  28    1864  by  order  of 

Gregg,  Thomas  
Griffith,  Jeremiah  
Hahn,  Daniel  G 

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

43 

28 
IP 

Sept.  28,  1861 
Sept.  16,  1864 
Mch    2P    1865 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
1    yr 

War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,   1864,  on   expiration   of 
_term  of  service. 
Killed  June    15,    1864,  in   action  at  Noonday 
Creek,  Ga. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept    13  1865 

Hants,    Martin  

....do.... 

?4 

Oct.    10,  1861 

3  yr^. 

Transferred  to  Co.  E,  8th  Regiment  Veteran 

Hancock,  Harrison  
Hassan,  John  

...do... 
..do... 

31 
22 

Oct.      1,  1861 
Sept   27,  18(il 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Reserve  Corps  ,  from  which  mustered  out 
Oct.  10,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 

Heath,    Daniel  .   .   . 

do 

l>8 

Aug    15   1861 

3  yrs 

Discharged    Dec  5  1861   on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Henry,  James  

.do 

23 

Sept   24,  1861 

3  yr-<. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mu-tered   out   Oct    6     1864  on  expiration  of 

Hersh,  Henry  II  
Hertzell,  Joshua  

....do.... 
....do.... 

22 
23 

Sept.  18,  1861 
Sept.  28,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Oct.    6,    1864,    on  expiration    of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  June  17,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Hill,  Edward  A 

do 

35 

Aug    15   1861 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Killed  Oct  30   1863  at  Paint  Rock  Ala 

Hizer,  William 

do 

IS 

Aug    15   1861 

Wounded  Sept  20  1863  in  the  battle  of  Chick- 

Huggert,  Emanuel  

...do... 

IP 

Feb     26,  1864 

3  yrs. 

amaugu,  Ga.  ;  wounded  Aug.  20,  1864,  in  the 
battle    of  Lovejoy    Station,  Ga.;  discharged 
April  17,  '865,  on  Surgeon's  certified  te  of  dis 
ability,  on  account  of  wounds  received;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13  1865 

Johnson,  John,  Sr  
Johnson,  John,  Jr  

Johnson,  William.  .. 

....do.... 
....do.... 

.do.... 

37 

18 

Aug.  24,  1861 
Nov.  24,  1861 

Oct       1    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Discharged  Sept.  4,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Captured   July  25,   1862,   at  Courtland^  Ala.; 
mustered  out  Nov.    26,  1864,   at    Louisville, 
Ky.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Captured    July  25    1862    at  Courtlaiid    Ala  ; 

Jones,  Francis  
Jones,  James  

....do.... 
do  . 

22 
IP 

Feb.    26,  1864 
Mch    17   1865 

3  yrs. 
1    yr 

died  Dec.  3,  1863^  at  Chattanooga,   Tenn.,  of 
wounds    received  Nov.  27,  1863,  in  action  at 
Cleveland,  Tenn. 
Drowned    Aug.   21,  1864,     in     Cotton   Indian 
River,  Ga. 

Klein,  Ferdinand 

do 

33 

Feb      8    1864 

3  vrs 

Lucas,  Benjamin  F  
Latham,  "Nelson 

....do.... 
do 

19 
18 

Oct.    15*,  1861 
Aug    20    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Killed   July  23,  1862,  in    action  at   Courtland, 
Ala, 

cute  of  disability. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


Names. 

Rank. 

S 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Leach  John  

Private 

99 

Sept    24,  1861 

3  yrs 

Transferred  to  Co  E  April  13  1864 

do 

99 

Feb     26    1864 

Longly,  Monroe  

.....lo  ... 

31 

Oct.     10,  1861 

3  yr* 

Discharged  April  11  1863  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

McCormick,  Francis  M  .  . 
McMahon,  Jacob  .  . 

...do... 
....do.... 

18 

38 

Feb.    19,  1864 
Sept.  20,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out    with    company    Sept  13     1865; 

McPeak,  Courtlin  
Marshal,  James  A 

....do.... 
do 

24 
1Q 

Aug.  24,  1861 
April  13,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

veteran. 
Mustered    out    Oct.  6,    1864,  on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13    1865 

Medley,  Elias  
Miller,  William  
Morris,  Albert..  . 

....do.... 
...do.... 
...do... 

30 

20 
?,1 

Sept.  25,  1861 
Sept.  18,  1861 
Feb.    26,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered    out    with    company    Sept.  13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out    Cct.    6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Newland,  William  
Nedrow,  David  

Orr,  Abraham  S  
Patterson,  John  E 

....do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 

do 

24 

22 

23 
^ 

Oct.    22,  1861 
Sept.  10,  1861 

Sept.  18,  1861 
Sept     1,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Drowned  March   5,  1862,  in    the  Cumberland 
River,  near  Clarksville,  Tenn. 
Captured  Oct.    1,  1863,  at  Washington,  Term.; 
mustered  out  Jan.  26,  1865,    at  Columbus,  0., 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Died  Nov.  9,  1863,  of  wounds  received  Sept.  20, 
1863,  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Ga. 
Captured  July  25,  1862,  in  action  at  Courtland, 

Pearl,  George  

Pendlum,  Charles  
Reece,  David  
Reece,  Samuel  K  

....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 
....do.... 

21 

31 
30 
26 

Sept.  22,  1861 

Aug.  28,  1861 
Feb.    17,  1864 
Feb.    17,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Ala.  ;  mustered  out  with  company    Sept.  13,. 
1865;  veteran. 
Killed   Au£,  19,  1864,  in  action  near  Lovejoj- 
Station,  Ga. 
Died  Mny  18,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1§65, 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Reed.  Samuel  H  
Reuhlan,  Samuel  H  
Reuhlan,  William  

Robbins,  David  M  
Robbius,  Zenas  S  

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 

...do... 
....do... 

24 

20 
19 

18 
20 

Sept,  28,  1861 
Dec.     1,  1861 
Sept.  28,  1861 

Feb.   26,  1861 
Feb.    23,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Discharged  Jan.  30,    1863,  on    Surgeon's    cer 
tificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out    Dec.  6,    1864,  on   expiration   of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered   out  Oct.   6,  1864,  on    expiration   of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  June  12,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Scribner,  Orson 

do 

29 

Sept.  10   1861 

3  yr? 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Julv  24  1862  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Shirk.  John  W  

do 

29 

Oct.      1,  1861 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  June  15,  1863,  on    Surgeon's  certifi 

Spicer,  Orin  L  

do     . 

23 

Oct.      1,  1861 

3  yr«. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  at  Columbia,  Tenn., 

Stamate,  Matthew  E  
Stan  ton,  James 

....do.... 
do 

2-5 
">0 

Oct.      1,  1861 
Sept.  30   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered    out    Oct.  6,    1864,  on   expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Captured  Oct  1   1863,  in  action  at  Washington, 

Strickler,  William  

Thompson,  George  W.  .  .  . 
Thompson,  Milton  L  

Timmons,  Robert  

Tobin,  William  H  
Tway,  Learider  B  

Warner,  Henry  D 

....do.... 

...do... 
...do.... 

....do.... 

...do... 
...do.... 

do 

17 

23 
33 

23 

19 
21 

33 

Feb.    22,  1864 

Feb.    15,  1864 
Feb.   23,  1864 

Oct.    11,  1861 

Feb.    15,  1864 
Oct.    26,  1861 

Feb.    17,  1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  vrs 

Tenn.  ;  mustered    out  March  23,  1865,  at  Col 
umbus,  0.,    on   expiration  of   term  of  serv 
ice. 
Mustered  out  May  29,  1865,  from  hospital,  Col 
umbus,  0.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  186^. 
Mustered   out   June   5,   1865,    from    ho-pital, 
Camp  Dennison,  0.,    by    order  of  War    De 
partment. 
Mustered    out  June    22,  1865,  at   Camp    Den 
nison,  0.,  by  order  of  War  Department;  vet 
eran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company   Sept.  13,    1865; 
veteran. 
Died  April  3,  1864,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Wedo,  Frederick  
Welch,  Charles  

Welling,  William  C  
West,  George  

...do.... 
...do.... 

...do.... 
...do... 

20 
26 

21 
23 

Sept.  24,  1861 
Sept.  22,  1861 

Feb.   27,  1S64 
Feb.    16,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

Captured    Sept.    30,    1863,    near    Washington,. 
Tenn.;  died   Aug.  7,  1864,  in  rebel  prison  at 
Andersonville,  Ga. 
Also  borne    on  rolls    as    "Charles  W.;"    pro 
moted  to  Regt.  Saddler  Sergeant  Jan.  4,  1864  ; 
veteran. 
Discharged  Feb.  10,  1865,  for   disability  caused 
by  accidental  gun-shot  wound. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Williams,  Francis  W.... 
Williams,  Matthew  
Winters,  John  F  

Yockey,  Theodore  
Zebold,  Christian  

...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 

...do... 
...do.... 

23 
23 
31 

23 

Sept.  22,  1861 
Sept.  24,  1861 
Sept.  25.  1861 

Feb.    20,  1864 
Sept.  28,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered    out    Oct.    6,  1864,  on    expiration   of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered   out   Oct.  6,  1864,  on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Captured    July    25,  1862,    at    Courtland,  Ala.; 
mustered  out   Oct.  6,  1864,  on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,   1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.    6,    1864,  on    expiration  of 

term  of  service. 

42 


EOSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


COMPANY   L. 

Mustered  in  Sept.  18, 1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  John  R.  Edie,  Major  15th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  Mustering  Officer. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  26, 1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  by  J.  W.  Chickering,  Captain  and  Acting 

Commissary  of  Musters,  2d  Division,  4th  Army  Corps. 


Names. 

Rink. 

o> 
&c 

<; 

Thomas  J.  Pattin  

Captain 

37 

JohnD.  Barker  

....do.... 

29 

William  McBurney  

....do.... 

25 

Henry  C.  Reppert  

....do.... 

26 

Samuel  H.  Putnam  

1st  Lieut. 

25 

Daniel  W.  Dye  

....do.... 

21 

Oscar  H.  Underwood  
Timothy  L  Conditt 

2d  Lieut. 
.  ..do  

27 
23 

Robert  B  Rhodes  

....do.... 

n 

Edward  P.  Burlingame.  . 
John  Huff 

1st  Sergt. 
Q    M.   S 

21 

''0 

George  Dye  

Com.  Ser. 

21 

Henry  Duden           .  ... 

...do.... 

21 

David  W    Hnrt 

.Sergeant 

93 

William  H.  Wilson  
Arthur  B.  Cliapin  

.  .  .do  
....do.... 

do 

20 
20 

24 

do  . 

21 

Franklin  W.  Prunty  

....do.... 

25 

John  W.  Price  
Darius  A  Finch 

....  do  
do.... 

22 
21 

Benjamin  S.  Turner  

....do.... 

18 

William  Hnrsha  

....do.... 

20 

William  M.  Robinson  

Corporal 

19 

Henry  M.   Harris  

....do.... 

23 

JohnC.  Stewart  

....do.... 

28 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Sept.  18,  1861;   promoted  to  Major 

Dec.  31,  1862. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  1st  Lieutenant  Sept.   18,  1861;  pro 

moted  to  Captain  Dec.  31,1862;  resigned  Jan. 

31,  1864. 

Aug.   17,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Transferred  from  Co.   II   April  21,  1864;   pro 

moted  to  Major  Feb.  28,  1865. 

S.pt.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  to    2d   Lieutenant    from  Sergeant 

Dec.  31,  1862;  to  1st   Lieutenant  March  31, 

1864;  Captain  to  date  Dec.  14,  1864;  mustered 

Sept.  16.  1861 

3  yrs. 

out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  of  Co.  D  from  Q 

M.  Sergeant  Nov.  20,  1862;  to  1st  Lieutenant 
from  2d  Lieutenant  of  Co.  D  to  date  Sept. 

7,  1862;  resigned  Oct.  26,  1863. 

Sept.  16,  ISbl 

3  yrs. 

Appointed    Sergeant  from    Corporal    Feb.   1, 

1863;  1st  Sergeant  April  8,  1863;  promoted  to 

1st  Lieutenant  July  24,  1865;   mustered  out 

with  company  Sept.  26,  1865;  veteran. 

Sept.  16.  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed    Sept.  18,  1861;   resigned  May  31, 

1862. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted    to    2d  Lieutenant    from  Sergeant 

May  29,  1862;    killed   Dec.   31,  1862,  in  the 

battle  of  Stcne  River,  Tenn. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Promoted  from   1st  Sergeant  April  8,  1864,  to 

date  Dec.  9,  1863;  to  1st  Lieutenant  Jan.  6, 

1865,  but  not  mustered;  discharged  May  15. 

1865. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed    Corporal   ;  Sergeant  Sept.  1, 

1864;  1st  Sergeant  Aug.  27,  1865;   mustered 

out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865;  veteran. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Q.   M.    Ser 

geant  Jan.  1,  1862;  mustered  out  with  com 

pany  Sept.  26,  1865;  veteran. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  as  private;     appointed   Com.    Ser 

geant  ;   mustered  out  Sept.  17,1864,  on 

expiration  of  term  of  service. 

Feb.     1,  1862 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Com.  Sergeant 

Sept.  19,  1864;  mustered  out    with  company 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Sept.  26,  1865;  veteran, 
Transferred  to  Co.  K  . 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Died  April  19,  1862. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  from  Corporal  ;   mustered  out 

Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 

ice. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  from  Corporal  ;  mustered  out 

Sept.  17,    1864,    on    expiration    of   term    of 

service. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  from  Corporal  ;  mustered  out 

Sept.    17,    1864,  on    expiration    of    term    of 

service. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Sept 

19,  1864;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept. 

26.  1865;  veteran. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal   ;   Sergeant  Sept.  19, 

1864;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26, 

1865;  veteran. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  ;  Sergeant  Sept.  19, 

1864;  mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26, 

1865:  veteran. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Sept. 

19.  1864;   mustered  out  with  company  Sept. 

26.  1865:  veteran. 

Sept.  16.  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal   Sept.  19,1864;   Sergeant 

Aug.  27,  1865;   mustered  out  with  company 

Sept.  2h,  1865;  veteran. 

Sept.  16.  1861 

3  yrs. 

Missing  in  action    May    13,  1862;    no  further 

record. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  ;  mustered    out   Sept.  17,     1864, 

on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

term  of  service. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


43 


Names. 

Rank. 

i 
< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Charles  Betts 

33 

S<-pt    16    1861 

3  yrs 

Darwin  A  Scott  . 

do 

10 

Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs 

expiration  of  term  of  service. 

Milton  Gillingham  

....do  .. 

22 

Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs 

company  Sept.  26,  1865;  veteran. 

Warren  Riley  

....do.... 

19 

Sept    16,  1861 

3  yrs 

company  Sept.  26,  1865;  veteran. 

Walter  R.  Reppert  
Charles  Sanford  

do  
....do.... 

20 
25 

Feb.     1,  1863 
Sept   16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability;  re-enlisted 
Jan.  4,  1864;   appointed  Corporal  ;  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Appointed    Sept.    19,  1864  ;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  26,  1865. 

Douglas  P.  Scott  

....do.... 
do 

18 
19 

Feb.    24,  1864 
J'in       1    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

22,  1865,  from    hospital    at  Camp    Dennison, 
0.,  by  order  of  War  Department;  veteran. 
Appointed    July    19,  1865;   mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  26,  1865. 

Whitney  R  Corner 

do 

21 

Frb     29   1864 

3  vrs 

company  Sept.  26,  1865. 

Rector  R.  Wilson  

Milton  G.  Cook  
Peter  Cline               .... 

Farrier 

B.  Smith. 
do 

24 

43 
22 

Jan.     4,  1864 

S.-pt.  16,  1861 
Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Appointed  ;  mustered    out  with    company 
Sept.  26,  1865. 
Discharged  March  23,  1863. 

Salmon  M.  Chambers,.  .  . 
Owen   Pattin  

Saddler 
Wagoner 

21 
W 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept    16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Appointed  ;  mustered   out   with  company 
Sept.  26,  1865;  veteran. 

do 

33 

Sept    16    1861 

3  yr« 

cate  of  disability. 

26 

Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs 

;  mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expira 
tion  of  term  of  service. 

Balloche    Ives  L 

do 

34 

July   31    1862 

3  vrs 

term  of  service. 

Beagle,  Jeremiah  
Bigelow,  Edward  P  

Bishop,  William  
Boring,    Absalom  

Bowers,    Jacob  

....do.... 
....do.... 

...do... 

....(1...... 

do 

19 

18 

HI 
44 

2? 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept.  16,  1861 

-inn.      5,  1864 
Jan.      5,  1864 

Jan       5   1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

Reserve  Corps  Aug.  —  ,  1864,  from  which  mus 
tered  out  June  26,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out   with   company   Sept.  26,  1865; 
Veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26.1865. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Bowing;"  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Sent  to  hospital  at  Nashville,  Tenn     Sept    18 

Broughton,  Calvin  C  
Brown,    Daniel  

....do.... 
do 

20 
23 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1865;  returned  to  duty,  Oct.  3,  1865,  to  I.  G. 
office;  no  further  record. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  Feb.   28,1863    on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Brown,  William  H  

do  .  .  . 

29 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Burchett,  William  
Carbin,  Jerome  
Chambers,  Otis  J  

Childers    Lewis 

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

20 
19 
23 
19 

Aug.  16,  1864 
Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept   16   1861 

1    yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  May  20,  1865,  by  order  of  War 
Department. 
Discharged  Oct.  9,1861,  by  civil  authority,  on 
writ  of  "habeas  corpus. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Muatered  out  with  company  Sept  26  1865;  vet 

^logston,  Luther  E  .   ... 

do 

33 

Sept   16,  1861 

3  yrs 

eran. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Cole,  John  W  

do 

IS 

Jan.    16,  1864 

3  vrs. 

term  of  service. 
Died  Sept.  10,  1S64,  in  hospital  at  Atlanta.  Ga. 

Criswell,  Isaac  
Dailey,  William  H  

...do... 

do  .. 

33 
19 

Jan.     4,  1864 
Sept,  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Discharged  March  7,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Dailey,  William  H 

do 

21 

Jan       4    1864 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 

Danley,  John  W  
Davis,  Freeman  L  

....do.... 
....do.... 

31 

9S 

Jan.      1,  1864 
Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered    out  Sept.    19.  1865,  at  Camp  Den 
nison,  0.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Dop,  Frederick. 

do 

33 

Jan       5,  1864 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Discharged  Jan.  7,  1865,  on   Surgeon's  certifi 

Dotson,  Samuel  S  

Duden,  John  
Dulty   John 

....do.... 

....do.... 
do 

24 

21 
39 

Sept.  16,  1861 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept    16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Appointed  Corporal  Sept.   19,  1864;   reduced 
July  26,1865,  at  his  own  request;  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Dyer,  Samuel  

....do.... 

18 

Jan.    23,  1864 

3  yrs. 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 

44 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

& 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

*M 

|| 
p^o) 

Remarks. 

Private 

19 

Sept    16   1861 

3  yrs 

Edgerton,  Luther,  Jr.  .  . 

...do... 
do 

18 
17 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Aug    10    1864 

3  yrs. 
I    yr 

term  (if  service. 
Died  May  —  ,  1862. 
Died  April  9  1865  in  hospital  at  Chattanooga 

do 

'^ 

Dec     22,  1863 

3  yrs 

Tenn. 

Fish  William 

do 

19 

Jan     18    18t>4 

3  yrs 

Died  Feb  28  1864 

Gates,  Chnrles  L 

.do... 

37 

Jan.      5    1864 

3  yrs 

Transferred  to  Co  H  April  1  1864 

Gilpin  ,  Jackson  

....do... 

18 

Oct.      6,  1864 

1    yr. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  26  1865 

Greene,  George  L  

....do... 
do 

'18 
9q 

Jan.    15,  1864 
Sept    16   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Discharged  Feb.  15,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

do 

18 

Jan     22   1864 

3  yr^ 

term  of  service. 

Guiteau,  Fulton  

....do... 

?0 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs 

Aug.  30,  1865,  from  hospital  at  Camp  Denni- 
son,  0.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Detailed  for  detatched  duty  March  24  1862'  no 

Guyton,  John 

do 

?T 

Sept   16   1861 

3   Vr^ 

further  record. 

Hall,  George  W  

Hall.  Lyman  W... 
Hazel,  Frederick 

....do... 

...do... 
do 

19 

27 
18 

Sept.  16,  1861 

Jan.    18,  1864 
Jan     18    1864 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  vr-t 

term  cf  service. 
Mustered  out  July  10,  1865,  at  Columbus,  0., 
by  order  of  War  Department;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 

Hoff,  Ford  P 

do 

16 

Oct       3   1864 

1     vr 

Chattanooga,    Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 

Hoffman,  John  H 

.    do 

jq 

Jan       5    1864 

3  yrs 

Tenn..  by  order  of  War  Department. 

Hoskinson,  John  

....do.... 

4)5 

Sept   16   1861 

3  yrs 

Jones,  Wilders  D 

do 

20 

Jan       5    1864 

term  of  service. 

Larkins,  Elias  

Lightfrits,  John  
Little,  Thomas  0  

McAllister,  James  A.... 
McBeth,  John  

...do.... 

....do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 
....do 

24 

19 
24 

23 
26 

Sept.  16,  1861 

Feb.     1,  1864 
Sept.  16,  1861 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept   16    1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Also    borne    on  rolls   as  "Elisha;"  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865;  vet 
eran. 
Appointed  Sergeant  ;    reduced    Aug.    31, 
J864,  at  his  own  request:  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  26,  LS65;  veteran. 

McCullick,  Anthony.   ... 
McCulloch,  John  

....do.... 
....do.. 

18 
19 

Mch.    5,  1864 
Sept   16   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yr^ 

eran. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "McGurlick;"  mustered 
out  company  Sept.  26.  1865. 

McGlade,  John     .   .  . 

do 

20 

Oft     12   1864 

1      vr 

cate  of  disability 

McNamara,  Thomas  S.  .  . 
McNamara,  William  

Magee,  Anc-il  W  
Magee,   George  

....do.... 
....do.... 

...do... 
...do 

20 
21 

18 
20 

Sept.  16*  1861 
Mch.    9,  1865 

Jan.     4,  1864 
Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs. 
1    yr. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Discharged  Dec.  17,  1861,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Aug.  21,1865,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,^  1865. 

Marsh,  Brigham  A  
Marvin,  Lewis  

...do... 
..  do... 

32 
19 

Jan.     5,  1864 
Jan       8    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  18(55. 

Mathers,  Joseph  
Mathers,  Matthews  

....do... 
...do  .. 

18 
]q 

Jan.    18,  1864 
Jan     19   1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26.  1865. 

Maxon,  Edwin  

..  do 

18 

Sept    16*  1864 

1      vr 

Maxon,  Henry  C  

...do... 

18 

Aug    12    1864 

1     vr 

Department. 

Maxon,  Russell  W  
Milligan,  William  W.... 
Morton,  Andrew  J  
Muncey,  John   D  
Muncey,  Montgomery... 
Muncey,  William  H.  H.  . 

Myers,  James  
Nay  lor,  Harrison  

Nelson,  Philip  

...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
..do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 

...do... 
...do.... 

do 

18 
22 
23 
24 
19 
17 

20 
18 

18 

Jan.    12,  1864 
Jan.      5,  1864 
Sept.  16,  1861 
Jan.     5,  1864 
Jan.    16,  1864 
Aug.  22,  1864 

Jan.    25,  1864 
Sept.  16,  1861 

J-in     16    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
1    yr. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Department. 

Died    Sept.  20,   1864,  in    hospital,  at   Atlanta, 

Transferred  Jan  .31,    1865,  to    9th  U.  S.  Col 
ored  Heavy  Artillery. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on    expiration    of 
term  of  service. 
Transferred    Jan.    31,  1865,   to  9th  U.  S.  Col 
ored  Heavy  Artillery. 
Transferred  .Ian.  31,  1865,  to  9th  U.  S.  Colored 
Heaw  Artillery. 
Transferred  June  28,  1865,  to  9th  U.  S.  Colored 
Henvy  Artillery. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Discharged    June  24,    1865,  on    Surgeon's  cer 
tificate  of  disability;  veteran. 

Newberry,  William  
Oliver,   Reason  

...do.... 
do 

18 
38 

Jan.    16,  1864 
Au°-      8   1864 

3  yrs. 

1      vr 

Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Newburgh;"  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 

O'Neal,  Gilbert  

do 

25 

Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs 

Department. 

Owen,  Alexander  I)  

...do.... 

18 

Jan.    12,  1864 

3  yrs. 

tificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26.  1865. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


45 


Names. 

Rank. 

i 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks.   • 

Private 

25 

Sept   16   1861 

3  yrs 

Di^char 

Parks   Miles     

do 

Jan       4   1864 

3  yrs 

tificate  of  disability. 

Pat  tin     Thomas 

21 

Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs 

Phillips,  Lyman  

do 

Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 

Prior,  Nathan  

Quiribv,  Daniel  
Reck'ird,  Wesley  J  

Reed  Stephen  W 

....do.... 

....do.... 
....do.... 

do 

20 

20 
24 

IS 

Sept.  16,  1861 

Jan.     4,  1864 
Sept.  16,  1861 

Sept    16    1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out    with    company  Sept.  26,    1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Discharged  June  22,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  cer 
tificate  of  disability. 
Died  Jan  3  1862 

Reese,  William  

do  . 

''1 

Sept   16   T861 

3  yrs 

Reigney,  Milton  

....do... 

99 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 

Rice,  William  W  
Riley  John     

....do... 
do 

23 
21 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept   16    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,   on   expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Riley,  Judson  R  

.do... 

18 

Jan     14,  1864 

3  yrs 

cate  of  disability. 

Rimlev.  John  

do 

'20 

Sept    16    1861 

Died  Oct  1   1862 

Rood,  David  R  

...do.... 

18 

Jan.    14,  1864 

yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 

Schaffer,  John  M  
Schawb,  Peter  

....do.... 
...do  .. 

22 
23 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Discharged  Dec.  10,  1862,  on  Surgeon's    certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Died  April  24    1862 

Shears,  Isaac  

do 

46 

Jan       4,  1864 

3  yrs 

Slicker,  Daniel  

....do.... 

19 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out    with  company  Sept.    26,   1865; 

Smith,  Henry  

Smith,  John  H... 
Smith,  John  W 

....do.... 

...do... 

do 

22 
25 

Jan.     5,  1864 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept   16    1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

veteran.       * 
Mustered  out  June  9,  1865,  at  Covington,  Ky., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Died  Oct.  4,  1862. 
Discharged  Alarch  27  1863    on  Surgeon's  certi 

Snodgrass,  William  H... 
Stewart,  Ira  A        .  . 

....do.... 
do 

18 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept    16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

ficate  of  disability. 
Appointed  Corporal    Sept.    29,    1864  ;    reduced 
July  18.  1865,  at  his    own  request;  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865:  veteran. 
Died  Feb  23  1862 

Stewart,  Joseph  II  

..do  . 

32 

Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,   1864,  on  expiration  of 

Stiles,  Benjamin  F  
Stotts,  Alfred  

...do., 
do  . 

40 
21 

Jan.     5,  1864 
Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with    company    Sept.  26,    1865; 

Stremple,  Henry  
Thornley,  Thomas  R  

Tunnicliff  ,  William  
Waldec,  Simon     .... 

.  .  do  ... 
....do.... 

....do.... 
do 

28 

28 

27 
19 

Jan.      5,  1864 
Sept.  16,  1861 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept    16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865, 
Died  Aug.  23,  1864,  in  hospital,  at  Nashville, 
Tenn. 
M  ustered  out  with   company   Sept.    26,   1865  : 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  with   company  Sept.  26,  1865; 

Warren,  George  
Wells,  William  

....do.... 
...do... 

34 

18 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept.  16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

veteran. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  Dec.  17,  1862. 

Wheatley,  Isaac  
Wilson,  Aman 

....do... 
do 

22 
18 

Jan.    14,  1864 
Jan     16    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  18b5. 

Wilson,  Joseph  
Wood,  AlfredS... 

....do  ... 
...do... 

21 

18 

Aug.  15,  1864 
Jan.    28,  1864 

1    yr. 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  June  12,1865,  by  order  of  War 
Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  26,  1865. 

Wood,  William  
Wright,  Luther.  ...   
Yantiss,  Francis  M  
Zimmerman  Loronzo  .  . 

....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

18 
25 
18 
?1 

Sept.  16,  1861 
Sept.  15,  1861 
Sept.  13,  1864 
Sept    16,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
1    yr. 
3  yrs 

Discharged  Oct.  20,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Discharged  Nov.  17,  1862,  at  Cincinnati,  0.,  on 
Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out    May  20,  1865.  by  order  of  War 
Department. 
Discharged  Nov.  6,  1862,  at  Cincinnati,  0.,  on 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

46 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


COMPANY  M. 

Mustered  in  Oct.  1, 1861,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  John  R.  Edie,  Major  15th  Infantry,  IT.  S.  A.,  Mustering  Officer. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  13, 1865,  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  by  Leslie  Smith,  Brevet  Major  and  Captain 

1st  U.  S.  Infisntry,  Commissary  of   Musters     District  of  South  Carolina. 


Names. 

Rank. 

£ 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

Remarks. 

James  N  Scott 

Captain 

33 

Aug    30,  1861 

3  vrs 

Appointed  Oct.  1,   1861  ;    promoted    to    Major 

do  ... 

46 

Aug.  30,  1861 

3  vrs 

A  prill,  1863. 
Appointed  1st  Lieutenant  Oct.    1,    1861;    ap 

Alfred  D  Lutz 

....do.... 

90 

Aug.     8,  1861 

3  yrs 

pointed  Regt.    Commissary  of    Subsistence 
Nov.  1,1862;    promoted    to  Captain  from   1st 
Lieutenant    of    Co.    B  April  1,    1863;    trans 
ferred  to  Co.  H  —  -. 
Promoted  from  1st  Lieutenant  of  Co.  E  Sept. 

Joseph  T.  Reynolds  

Charles  H.  Schultz  
William  G  Lawder 

....do.... 

1st  Lieut. 
,...«Jo  ... 

21 
1() 

Sept.  25,  1861 

Sept.  29,  1861 
Aug.  21,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

13,  1864,  to  date  May  25,  1864;  transferred  to 
Co.  G  Oct.  1,1864. 
Promoted  to  2d    Lieutenant    from  private  of 
Co.  F  to  date  March  23,  1864;  1st  Lieutenant 
Dec.  14,  1864;  Captain  March  18,  1865;   com 
mand-id  company  since  Nov.  26,  1864;  mus 
tered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  1st  Sergeant  from  Sergeant  Oct  1, 
Ih62;   promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant   Dec.  20, 
1862;  1st  Lieutenant  Dec.  31,  1862;  Captain  of 
Co.  H  May  25,  1864. 
Promoted  from  2d  Lieutenant  of  Co.  T  to  date 

Allen  T.  Overly  

....do.... 

93 

Sept.    5,  1851 

3  vrs. 

March  31,  1864;  transferred  to  Co.  F  . 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  1st  Sergeant 

William  Davis 

.do  .. 

°fi 

Sept.  15,  1861 

3  yrg 

;  promoted  to  2d    Lieutenant    April  1, 
1863;  to  1st  Lieutenant    of    Co.    F    to    date 
March  31,1864;  transferred  from  Co.  F  ; 
mustered  out  Nov.  2o,  1864,  at  Louisville, 
Ky.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Appointed    Sergeant    from  Corporal   Oct    18, 

Charles  H.  Goodrich  . 

....do.... 

IS 

Aug.     5,  1861 

3  yrs 

1862;  1st  Sergeant  Nov.  1,  1864;  promoted  to 
1st  Lieutenant  March  18,  1865;  resigned  June 
28,  1865;  veteran. 
Promoted  from  1st  Sergeant  of  Co.  D  June  29, 

John  M.  Renick  
Arthur  Watts 

2d  Lieut. 
..     do  . 

28 
90 

Aug.  30,  1861 
Aug    30,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

1865,  to  date  March  18,  1865;   mustered  out 
July  12,  1865,  from  hospital  at  Cincinnati, 
0.,  by  order  of  War  Department:  veteran. 
Appointed  Oct.  1,1861;   died  May  28,  1862,  at 
Corinth,  Miss. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Arthur  Watts,  Jr  ;" 

Abraham  Gunther 

1st  Sergt 

9? 

Sept     5   1861 

3  yr<* 

promoted  to    2d    Lieutenant    from    private 
May  28,  1862;  discharged  Dec.  20,  1862. 

Thaddeus  Scott  

Q.    M.  S. 

31 

Sept.    4,  1861 

3  yrs. 

1862;  1st    Sergeant  May  15,  1865:  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed    Sept.    19,  1861;     appointed    Act. 

John  Featherstone  

....do.... 

22 

Sept.  15,  1861 

3  yrs 

Batt.  Q.  M.  Sergeant  May  2,  1862;   promoted 
to  1st  Lieutenant  of  Co.  G  Dec.  14.  1864. 
Mustered  as  private  ;  appointed  Sergeant  June 

Andrew  M.  Bard  

John  R.  Woodall  
Thomas  G.  Trimbath.... 
Levi  Knoderer  

Com.  Ser. 

....do..., 

Sergeant 
do 

20 

27 
31 
23 

Sept.  20,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Oct.      2,  1861 
Sept     5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

14,  1863;  Q.  M.  Sergeant    March    23.    1864; 
mustered  out  with  company  Sept.   13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  as  private;  appointed  Sergeant  Dec. 
1,  1862;  Cora.  Sergeant  Jan.  4,  1864;   promot 
ed  to  1st  Lieutenant  and  Regt.  Commissary 
of  Subsistence  March  18,  1865. 
Appointed  Corporal    :    Sergeant  June  13, 
1H63;  Com.  Sergeant  ;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13.  1865;  veteran. 
Captured   Aug.  6,  1862:  paroled  Aug.  8,  1862: 
discharged  Feb.  13,  1864,  on   Surgeon's  cer 
tificate  of  disability. 
Appointed  from  Corporal  March  2(5,  1862;  mus 

William  H.  Myers  
Charles  E.  Levy  
George  W.  Adams  

....do... 
....do... 
do 

23 
23 
96 

Sept.  25,  1861 
Sept.  24,  1861 
Sept     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yr" 

tered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term 
of  service. 
Appointed  Corporal  Jan.    4,    1864:    Sergeant 
July  1,    1864;    mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Bugler  :  Corporal  Jan.  4,  1864; 
Sergeant  Nov.    1,  1864;   mustered  out  with 
com  pan  v  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal  Jan     23     1864;   Sergeant 

Feb.  15,   1865;  mustered  out    with   company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


47 


Names. 

Rank. 

» 
t* 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

ll 
II 

Remarks. 

Patrick  Crowley  

Sergeant 
....do.... 
....do.... 

Corporal 
do  

....do.... 

do 
.  .  ..do  
do 

20 
18 
23 

23 
21 

36 
22 
27 
20 

36 
23 

24 
38 

31 

20 

23 

19 
21 
42 

38 
18 
27 
30 
18 
21 
18 
20 
28 
20 
13 

18 
25 

24 
19 

22 

18 
24 

26 

Sept.  12,  1861 
Dec.     9,  1861 
Sept.  10,  1861 

Sept.    5,  1861 
Sept.    4,  1861 

Sept.    2,  1861 
Sept.  25,  1S61 
Supt.  20,  1861 
Feb.    23,  1864 

Feb.   23,  1864 
Feb.    24,  1864 

Feb.   29,  1864 
Sept.  25,  1861 
Feb.    12,  1864 
Sept.  10,  1861 

Sept.  22,  1861 

Sept.    3,  1861 
Sept.    8,  1861 
Sept,    8,  18(51 
Sept.    8,  1861 
Sept.    8,  1861 
Sept.    6,  1861 
Sept.    6,  1861 
Feb.    23,  1864 
Feb.    22,  1864 
Sept.  20,  1861 
Sept.  10,  1861 
Feb.   18,  1864 
Sept.  15,  1861 
Sept.  15,  1861 

Feb.    27,  1864 
Sept.  22,  1861 

Sept.  22,  1861 
Sept.    6,  1861 

Sept.  29,  1861 

Oct.    12,  1864 
Sept.  22,  1861 

Sept.    6,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
o  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yn. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

1     yr. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Appointed  Corporal  March   18,  1864;  Sergeant 
May  15,  1865;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed    Corporal  Nor.    1,    1864;  Sergeant 
May  15,  1865;  mustered  out  with    company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal    May    1,    1862;    Sergeant 
July  9.  1863;  mustered  out  Oct.  6,  18(34,  on  ex 
piration  of  term  of  service. 
Promoted  to  hospital  steward  June  23,  1862. 
Mustered  out  Oct.    6,   1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Appointed  March  10,  1862;  died    July  4,  1862, 
of  wounds  received  July  3,  1862. 
Appointed   Nov.  1.    1864;    mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865:  veteran. 
Appointed  Nov.    1,    18H4;    mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865:  veteran. 
Appointed  Nov.  1,  1864;  mustered  out  Sept.  14, 
1865,  at  Columbus,   0.,  by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 
Appointed    Dec.    2,1864;    mustered   out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Nov.  1,  1864;  mustered  out  Oct.  4, 
1865,  at  New  York  City,  by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 
Appointed  May  15,1865;    mustered  out    with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Appointed  Oct.  1,1862;   mustered    out  Oct.  6, 
1864,  on  expiration  of  term  uf  service. 
Appointed    May  15,  1865;  mustered  out  with 
company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Captured  Oct.  4,  1862,  in  action  at  Bards  town, 
Ky.,  and  released  on  parole;  appointed  Cor 
poral  June  15,  1865;  mustered  out  with  com 
pany  Sept.  13,  1865:  veteran. 
Appointed  April  24,  1862:  transferred  to    I39th 
Co.    2d     Battalion    Veteran  Reserve  Corps 
Jan.  23,  1864;  from  which  mustered  out  Sept. 
26,  1864,  on    expiration  of  term  of    service. 
Appointed  Oct.  1,1862;    mustered  out    Oct.  6, 
1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Appointed  :  died  March  23,  1864,  at  Potts- 
town.  Pa.  while  on  furlough. 
Promoted  to  Chief   Veterinary    Surgeon  Jan. 
1,  1862. 
Mustered  out    Oct.    6,  1«64,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Appointed  Jan.  2,   1862;  mustered    out  Oct.  6, 
1864,  on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  June    29,  1862,  by  order  of  War 
Department. 
Mustered  out  Oct.   6,  1864,   on  expiration    of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  20,  1865,  at  New  York  City, 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1865,    by  order  of  War 
Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept.    14,  1865,  at  Columbus,  0., 
by  order  of  War  Department;  veteran. 
Mustered    out  Oct.  6,    1864,  on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered    out   June    10,    1865,    at  Louisville, 
Kv.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out    with  ".company  Sept.  13,    1865; 
veteran. 
Discharged  June    12,    1862,  on    Surgeon's  cer 
tificate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,    1864,    on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 
Discharged  April  3,  1863,  to  date  Nov.  27,  1802, 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Transferred  from  Co.  E,  38th  O.V.I.,  March  28, 
1862;    discharged  May    27,1862,  at  Corinth, 
Miss.,  on  Surgeon's    certificate    of    disabil 
ity. 
Discharged    Sept.  9,  1862,   at  Camp  Chase,  0., 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of^disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Turned    over     to     civil     authority   Dec.    —  , 
1861. 
Reduced  from  Corporal  May!,  1862,  at  his  own 
request  ;  mustered  out  with  company    Sept. 
13,  1865;  veteran. 

Henry  C.  Higgins  
George  A.  Hickox  

Emanuel  Doty  
Robert  McMan  

Bartholomew  Anderson.  . 
John  A  .  Fireliu  g  
Richard  Morris  
John  W  Smith 

Benjamin  Smith  
Jacob  B.  Hayes  

.  .  .  .do.  .  .. 
do 

James  H  Hayes 

do 

Joseph  Lewis  

do 

Thomas  Shepler  
William  H.  Sturgeon  

Albert  Ellis  
Alvin  Routt  

....do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 

....do.... 
do 

James  H.  Miller  
William  Scharf  
HughH.  Miller  
Charles  Goth  

Farrier 
....do.... 
....do.... 
Saddler 
Wagoner 
Private 
....do.... 
do 

Austin  Hamott  
Albright,  John 

Allen,  Jasper  J  

Allen,  William  J.  
Anderson,  L.  E  

do 

Atherton,  Joseph  

....do.... 
....do.... 
...do.... 

...do.... 
do 

Baker,  Conrad 

Barleon,  George  
Bennett,  Ira  H 

Bentley,  Levner  C. 

Bentley,  William  J  
Binkley,  John  E 

...do.... 
...do.... 

...do.... 

...do.... 
...do.... 

do.... 

Bowers,  Philip  

Boyer,  Marion  
Braden,  Andrew  J  

Bradley,  James  F 

48 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


Names. 

Rank. 

bo 

<; 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service.  • 

««-i   . 

0  <o 

si 

'-*   .-J 

& 

Remarks. 

Car  mean,  Charles  D  

Private 
do 

30 
26 

40 

18 
19 

25 

18 
29 
21 

18 

26 
21 
22 

38 

28 
30 

28 
31 

26 
19 
18 

18 

18 
IS 

18 
25 
18 
20 

22 
22 

20 

39 
18 

21 

28 
18 

21 

23 
29 
41 

28 
19 
21 
18 
34 

26 

20 
28 
23 
29 
23 

25 
21 
19 

2i  ) 
18 

Feb.    27,  1864 
Feb.    22,  1864 

Sept.    5,  1861 

Oct.      1,  1861 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Feb.    18,  1864 
Feb.    23,  1864 
Sept.  25,  186  L 
Feb.    23,  1864 
Mch.  14,  1864 

Feb.   27,  1864 
Feb.    18,  1864 
Feb.   23,  1864 
Feb.    15,  1864 

Sept.    6,  1861 
Sept.  15,  1861 

Feb.    15,  1864 
Sept.  20,  1861 

Mch.  13,  1865 
Sept,  25,  1861 
Feb.    26,  1864 

Feb.   15,  1864 
Feb.   14,  1864 
Sept.    5,  1861 

Feb.    27,  1864 
Feb.    24,  1864 
Feb.    20,  1864 
Feb.    20,  1864 

Feb.     6,  1864 
Sept.  15,  1861 

Feb.    24,  1864 

Feb.   23,  1864 
Feb.    18,  1864 

Feb.   27,  1864 
Feb.    2->,  1864 
Sept.  22,  1861 

Sept.  16,  1861 

Mch.  20,  1865 
Feb.    29,  1864 
Oct.      1.  1861 

Feb.   22,  1864 
Sept.  15,  1861 
Feb.    19,  1864 
Feb.    15,  1864 
Feb.    25,  1864 

Sept.    4,  1861 

Sept.  28,  1861 
Feb.    20,  1864 
Sept.     1,  1861 
Feb.    20,  1864 
Sept.    2,  1861 

Feb.    22,  1864 
Mch,    4,  1865 
Feb.    23,  1864 
Sept.  25,  1861 
Feb.  .  28,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

1  yr. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
1  yr. 

3  yrs, 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Co.  D,  4th  Regiment  Veteran 
Reserve  Corps  April  21,  1865  ;  from  which  mus 
tered  out    Nov.  11,  1865,  at  Springfield,  III., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Died    Sept.     13,    1864,    of   wounds     received 
Aug.  20,    1864,  in  action  at  Lovejoy  Station, 
Ga.  ;  veteran. 
Transferred  to  Co.  E  . 
Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,    on    expiration   of 
term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Died  April  4,  1864,  at  Cincinnati,  0. 
Died  Jan.  26,  1862,  at  his  home. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Sent  to  hospital  at  Nashville,    Tenn.,   March 
20,  1864;  sent    to  Camp    Dennison,   0.,Sept. 
12,  1864;  no  further  record. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Also  borne  on  rolls  as  "Dickson;"  discharged 
April  13,    1865,  on    Surgeon's    certificate    of 
disability. 
Mustered  out  Aug.  1,  1865,  at  Camp  Dennison, 
0.,  by  order  of  War  Department;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with   company    Sept.    13,  1865; 
veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Died  Feb.  17,  1864,  at  Chillicothe,  0.,  while  at 
home  on  furlough;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Co.  E  . 
Mustered  out  May  23,  1865,  at  Covington,  Ky., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  March  28,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  20,  1865,  at  New  York  City, 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Aug.    25,    1864,  by  order  of  War 
Department. 
Wounded  Oct.  4,  1862,  in  action  at  Bardstown, 
Ky.;  discharged  Feb.  9,  1863,  at  Louisville, 
Ky.,  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Vlustered  out  June  5,  1865,  at  Camp   Dennison, 
0.,  by  order  of   War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  26,  1865,  to  date  Sept.  13, 
1865,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Vlustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Vlustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Jan.  14,  1862,  on  Surgeon's   certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Wounded  Sept.  10,  1863,  in  action    at  Alpine, 
Ga.  ;  mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration 
of  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  cut  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Also  borne  on  rolls    as    "Izzikah;"  mustered 
out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Co.  E  . 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,1865. 
Mustered    out    May    12.    1865,    at    Nashville, 
Tenn.,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out    Oct.   6,  1864,  on    expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Die-l  May  2,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Also    borne    on    rolls  as  "McGowan;"  died 
May  10,  1862,  at  Columbia.  Tenn. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with   company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company   Sept.  13,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Co.  E  . 
Mustered  out  Sept.  23,  1865,  at  New  York  City, 
by  order  of  War  Department. 

Chambers,  He/ekiah  — 

Chidister,  James  
Christel   Michael 

....do.... 

...do... 
do 

Clymer,  Wesley  T  
Cockrell,  Abraham  
Cooper,  Thomas 

...do.... 
...do... 
do 

Creager  Otis  W 

do 

Davis,  James  P  
Delong,  Christopher.... 

....do.... 
...do... 

do 

Dishler,  Philip  J  
Dixon,  John 

....do.... 
do.... 

Donaldson,  Addison  
Donaldson,  Theodore  W 
England,  William  H 

....do.... 
....do.... 
do 

Fay,  John 

....do.... 
do 

Fry,  Octavius  T  

Geiger,  George  
Hanson,  Thomas  J  

....do.... 
do 

Harpster,  Charles  L  
Harris,  John  W  .... 

...do... 
do 

Harwood,  John  

Herman,  Alexander  F.  .  . 
Herman,  William  W  

...do.... 

...do.... 
do 

Herwick,  Valentine  .... 

do 

Hickle  Amos 

do 

Howell,  James  W  
Hughes,  Bale  «... 

...do.... 
do 

Hulby,  Jacob  

Hutchinson,  William  
Hyr,  Jacob 

...do.... 

...do.... 
do 

Isei  nan,  William  H  
Johnson.  Lewis  

...do.... 
do 

Keene,  John  M  
Keene,  H.  C  

....do.... 
.   ..do.... 

do 

Keen,  Henry  C  

Keller,  Joseph 

do 

Keltner,  Isaiah  

Kinney,  James  
Riser,  John  

....do.... 

...do.... 
do 

Kneadler,  James  W  
Laycock,  Charles  
Li  ff  ingwell,  Samuel  L.  .  . 

Leg-g,  William  

....do.... 
.   ..do.... 
....do.... 

do 

Lemile,  Augustus  

do  .. 

Lowry,  George  W  
McArthur,  A  J 

...do... 
do 

McGibbens,  George  

do 

McGowen,  James  .. 

....do.... 

...do... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 

McManaway,  Thomas... 
Mathews.  John... 
Menser,  William  H  
M  erriam,  Charles  P  
Mesmer,  Joseph  

FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


49 


Xaines. 

Rank. 

0) 

be 

< 

Date  of 
Entering  the 
Service. 

Period  of 
Service. 

• 
Remarks. 

Moody,  Andrew  

Private 

?,3 

Sept    10,  1861 

3  yrs 

Drowned  Dec  10  1861 

M  oody,  Joseph    

do 

?7 

Sept     8    1861 

3  yrs 

Moor,  John  

.  do.... 

??, 

Sept   25   1861 

3  yrs 

by  order  of  War  Department;  veteran. 

Moore,  Martin  L  
Morris,  Samuel,  Sr  

....do.... 
do 

18 
96 

Feb.   20,  1864 
Feb     20,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yr« 

cate  of  disability. 
Died   April  3,  1864,  in  hospital  at  Nashville, 
Tenn. 

Morris,  Samuel,  Jr  
Moxley,  Kendrick  P  

Myers,  Hanson  N  
Ninff  er,  Henry  

....do.... 
....do.... 

....do.... 
do 

20 
19 

24 

18 

Feb.   20,  1864 
May   10,  1862 

Feb.    20,  1864 
Feb     15    1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 

Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Discharged  Oct.  16,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Newdorffer,  John  
Pendergrass,  E.  D  

...do... 
do  .. 

38 
91 

Mch      3,  1864 
Sept     7,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Urowried  March  12,  1864,  in  the  Ohio'  River. 

Poe,  Benjamin  

do 

*>6 

Sept     5    1861 

3  yrs 

do 

21 

Sept     5   1861 

3  yrs 

Reserve  Corps    ;  from   which    mustered 
out  Oct.  10,    1864,  on    expiration    of  term  of 
service. 

Ranck,  Israel  
Ranck,  Jonas  

....do.... 
do 

24 
19 

Sept.  26,  1861 
Feb      5,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yr« 

from  which  mustered  out  Jan.  24,    1865,  at 
Columbus,  0.,  on  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice. 
Captured  Oct.  4,  1862,  in  action  at  Bardstown, 
Ky.,  and  released  on  parole;  appointed  Cor 
poral  Feb.  15,  1865;  reduced  June  15,  1865,  at 
his  own  request;  mustered  out  with  company 
Sept.  13,  1865;  veteran. 

Renick,  Werter  W  

do 

IS 

Sept     3   1861 

3  yrs 

Reynolds,  Calvin  H  

do 

91 

Sept   27   1861 

3  yrs 

War  Department;    veteran. 
Mustered  out  Oct    6    1864    on  expiration  of 

Reynolds,  Corrodon  

Ridgeway,  William  
Roach,   William  
Rodgers,  Levi  

Romaine,  A.  J  

....do.... 

....do.... 
...do.... 
....do.   .. 

do 

34 

18 
29 
22 

90 

Feb.    20,  1864 

Feb.    20,  1864 
Sept.    2,  1861 
Sept.    9,  1861 

Sept     7,  1861 

3  yrs. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  June  16,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,1865. 
Transferred  to  Co.  E  . 
Discharged  Sept.  9,  1862,  at  Camp  Chase,  0., 
on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Captured  Aug  6  1862;  paroled  Au°-    10    1862; 

Rouse,  Resen      

do 

96 

Feb    24   1864 

3  yrs 

mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Rouse,  Simeon  
Routt,  Perry 

....do..   . 
do 

21 

09 

Feb.    12,  1864 
Sept   22   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yr5? 

Mustered  out  June  23,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
by  order  of  War  Department. 

Schaffer,  Charles  A  

do 

iq 

Sept     4   1861 

3  vr« 

cate  of  disability. 
On    detached   service,    as   teamster,  at  Cav 

Sherrick,  Henry  
Smith  Michael  C 

....do.... 
do 

21 
21 

Sept.  25,  1861 
Oct       1   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Corps  Headquarters  since  March  —  ,  1865; 
mustered  out   Aug.  18,   1865,  at  Columbus, 
0.,  by  order  of  War  Department;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Nov.  2,  1864,  at  Columbus,  0., 
on  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Transferred  to  Co  E  

Smith,  William  H  

do 

90 

Sept.  10,  1861 

3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864,  on  expiration  of 

Snider,  Jacob 

do 

22 

Feb   13     1864 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  June  5    1865    from  hospital  at 

Spangler,  Henry 

do 

J8 

Sept    25   1861 

3  yrs 

Camp  Dennison,  0.,   by  order  of  War  De 
partment. 
Wounded  Sept   10  1863    in  action  at  Alpine, 

Sterrett,  John  R 

do 

33 

Sept   26,  1861 

3  yrs 

Ga.  ;  transferred  to  Co.  E  . 
Died  Dec  18  1863,  at  Cincinnati,  0. 

Stiles   George 

do 

23 

fcept     4   1861 

3  yrs 

Mustered    out  Oct    6    1864    on  expiration  of 

Tharp,  George 

do 

90 

Feb     19   1864 

3  yrs 

term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13.  1865. 

Toben,  Edward  
Tuttle,  Edward  P. 

...do.... 
do 

28 

9" 

Mch.  23,  1864 
Feb     18,  18H4 

3  yrs. 
3  vrs 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  Sept.  13,  1865. 

Watterman,  Aaron  S  
Weiger,  Conrad    .  .  . 

...do.   .. 
do 

32 

09 

Sept.  10,  1861 
Oct       1,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

Mustered  out  Oct.  1,  1864,  at  Columbus.  0.,  on 
expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Discharged  June  12,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

Wells,  Ephraim  C  
White,  Jerry 

....do.... 
do 

36 
21 

Sept.  25,  1861 
Sept   12   1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

cate  or  disability. 
Discharged  Sept.  5,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 
Captured  June  5,  1863;  returned  to  duty  June 

Whitney,  McClure. 

do 

SI 

Sept     6,  1861 

3  yrs. 

9,  1863;  veteran. 
Transferred  to  Co.  E  . 

Wilkins,  John  W  

...do.... 

27 

Feb.    20,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Diod  April  3,   1864.  in  hospital  at  Nashville. 

Wilson,  Morris  .   . 

do 

'11 

Sept.  20,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Tenn. 
Discharged  Jan.  15,  1862,  on  Surgeon's    certifi 

Wiltshire,  Benjamin  F.  . 
Winter,  Charles  

....do.... 
....do.... 

18 
29 

Feb.   22,  1864 
Sept.    8,  1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

cate  of  disability. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  14,  1865,  at   Columbus,  0.. 
by  order  of  War  Department. 
Discharged  Jan.  6,  1863,  at  Cincinnati,  0  ,  on 
Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

50 


ROSTER  OF  OHIO  TROOPS. 


4 

Date  of 

2§ 

Names. 

Rank. 

so 

Entering  the 

6E 

Remarks. 

<! 

Service. 

II 

Yager    Frederick 

Private 

30 

Sept.    5,  1861 

3  yrs. 

Discharged  July  26  1862  on  Surgeon's  certifi 

cate  of  disability. 

Yates  Amos  T       ... 

do  .  . 

19 

Feb.     3,  1864 

3  yrs. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Sept  13,  1865 

UNASSIGNED  RECRUITS. 


•Vnderson,  George  

Private 

W 

Seftt.  29,  1862 

3  yrs. 

No  final  record  found. 

Angle,  James  
Bower,  George  W  
Braisted,  Hezekiah 

.  ..do..  . 
....do.... 
do 

23 
25 
23 

Dec.    21,  1863 
Feb.     8,  1864 
April  28,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 
3  vrs. 

Died  April  24,  1864. 
No  final  record  found. 
No  further  record 

do 

*>(! 

Feb     12   1864 

Brovles,  Yancy     .   .  . 

do     .. 

30 

Oct       1,  1864 

1    yr. 

No  final  record  found. 

Bucker,  Samuel  
Burson,  Thomas  0  

Carson  ,  Andrew  
Caustin,  Patrick  

...do... 
....do.... 

....do.... 
do 

21 

18 

21 

Oct.    27,  1862 
Mch.  30,  1865 

Feb.     1,  1864 
Oct.       1,  1861 

3  yrs. 
1    yr. 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

No  further  record. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  19,   1865.  at  Columbus,  0., 
^by  order  of  War  Department. 
No  further  record. 
No  further  record. 

Clark,  Darius  A 

do 

18 

Dec     31    1863 

3  yrs 

No  final  record  found 

Collins,  John  

do 

^6 

Mch.  15.  1864 

3  yrs. 

No  final  record  found. 

Cox,  Joseph  F 

do 

17 

Feb     20    18:54 

3  yrs 

No  final  record  found 

Davis,  John  

.  do  . 

27 

Jan.     5,  1864 

3  vrs. 

No  final  record  found. 

Dickason,  Gamaliel     .... 

do 

21 

Dec     21,  1863 

3  yrs. 

No  final  record  found 

Dillingham,  Elwood  
Evans,  Evan  

.  .  .do 
do 

21 
21 

Oct.      8,  1862 
Jan       9,  1864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs. 

Enlisted  in  Regular  Army  —  no  date  given. 
No  final  record  found 

Feters   Marcel  lus 

do 

18 

Jan     11    1864 

3  yrs 

Ford,  Joseph  F  
Francis,  John 

....do.... 
do 

23 

"7 

Sept.     3,  1864 
May    26,  1864 

1    vr. 

3  yrs 

No  final  record  found. 

Gannon,  John  

...  .do 

99 

Mch.  18,  1865 

1    yr. 

Also  borne  on  rolls    as  "Gannon;"    mustered 

Gibbon  William  II 

do 

21 

Mch    19   1864 

3  vrs 

out  Sept.  19,  1865,  at  Columbus,  0.,  by  order 
of  War  Department. 

Halliday    John       .   . 

do 

SO 

Mch    12    1S64 

3  yrs 

Harrison,  James  F  
Hanson,  John  

....do.... 
do 

39 
'M 

Sept.  21,  1864 
Sept    30    1862 

1    yr. 
3  yr* 

No  final  record  found. 

Hughes    James 

do 

20 

Feb     11    1864 

3  yrs 

Jercunowski,  Herman.  .  . 
Jewell,   Z'tchariah 

....do.... 
do 

45 

21 

Sept.  29,  1862 
Sept    24    1864 

3  yrs.' 
1    vr 

No  final  record  found. 
Died  Oct  24  1864 

Johnson.  Edward  
Johnson.  George 

....do.... 
do 

'<7<V 

Oct.     19,  1S61 
Feb       2    1864 

3  yrs. 

No  final  record  found. 

Logan.  Thomas  

...do... 

19 

Sept.  29,  1862 

3  yrs 

No  final  record  found. 

MoCollum,  James.        .   . 

do 

97 

Mch     7    1865 

1    yr 

McOonoky,  James 

do 

Oct      1  1    1  861 

3  yrs 

McGary,  John     

do 

?6 

Sept.  29    1862 

3  yrs 

MoManus,  James  8... 
Mikel,  Adam  

Murphy,  Michael 

...do... 
...do.... 

do 

29 
17 

97 

Sept.  28,  1864 
Feb.     3,  1864 

Feb     17   1864 

1     vr. 
3  yrs. 

3  vrs 

No  final  record  found. 
Discharged  April  27,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Obcr:-haw,  Francis  

do 

% 

Feb     21,  1864 

3  yrs 

Pennock,  Francis  
Pickerinsr.  Daniel  W  
Pierce,  Taylor  .        ... 

.-..do... 
....do  ... 
do 

21 
19 

IS 

Oct.      7,  1864 
Feb.    29,  1864 
April    6    1865 

1    yr. 

3  yrs. 
1    vr 

No  final  record  found. 
No  final  record  found. 
Mu*tered  out  May  6  1865  at  Columbu^   0    by 

Richardson,  Howard  
Riley,  John 

....do.... 
do 

18 
IS 

Feb.    29,  1864 
Feb     27   1  864 

3  yrs. 
3  yrs 

order  of  War  Department. 
Discharged  June  1,  1864,  on   Surgeon's  certifi 
cate  of  disability. 

Rogerson.  Joseph  
Scott,  John  A. 

....do.... 

do 

18 
18 

Aug.  19,  1863 
Feb     23   1864 

3  yrs. 
3  vr* 

No  final  record  found. 

Seyf  ried,  Henry  
Sims,  Henry  S  

....do.... 
do 

30 

Dec.  31,  1863 
Aug      6    1861 

3  yrs. 
3  yr* 

No  final  record  found. 

Sprinkle.  Joshua  

...do  .. 

20 

Feb.     5,  1864 

3  vrs 

Died  April  26,  186  1 

Taylor,  John  T  

.do 

'23 

Sept   30,  1864 

1    yr 

Ttirman,  John 

do 

91) 

Aug    92   1864 

3  vr* 

by  order  of  War  Department. 

Van  Epp,  Nicholas... 

do 

Oct      15    1862 

3  yrs 

Van  Tazel,  Daniel 

do 

20 

Feb     29    1864 

3  yr* 

Waites,  George 

do 

25 

Oct       1    186'' 

3  yrs 

Will,  John  
Wintrode,  Justus  

Wood,  George  

...do... 
....do.... 

....do.... 

23 

18 

24 

Feb.     1,  1864 
April    6,  1865 

Mch.    2,  1864 

3  yrs. 
1    yr. 

3  yrs. 

No  final  record  found. 
Mustered  out  May  6,  1865,  at  Columbus,  0..  by 
order  of  War  Department. 
No  final  record  found. 

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